教師資格之中學英語學科知識與教學能力模擬考試?？糀卷附答案

?教師資格之中學英語學科知識與教學能力模擬考試?？糀卷附答案

單選題（共50題）1、Passage2A.MomentB.MotiveC.AchievementD.Incentive【答案】D2、請閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.DonnaandHerPupilsB.The"ICan't"FuneralC.The"ICan't"andItsRelativesD.The"ICan't"TouchestheLivesofEveryone【答案】B3、Whenateachertellsstudentsthattheword"dog"mayimply"loyalty",he/sheisteachingthe_________oftheword．A.denotativemeaningB.conocativemeaningC.conceptualmeaningD.connotativemeaning【答案】D4、請閱讀短文，完成此題。A.LightweightB.HighenergyC.SpicytasteD.Heatresistance【答案】C5、Themaindifferencebetween/m/,/n/,and/?/liesin（）.A.mannerofarticulationB.sounddurationC.placeofarticulationD.voicing【答案】C6、Criticismandself-criticismarenecessary__________theymayhelpustofindoutandcorrectourmistakes.A.bythat??B.atthatC.onthat??D.inthat【答案】D7、請閱讀短文。A.TravelmedicineishardtoprevailB.PeopleknowlittleabouttravelmedicineC.Peopledon'tbelieveintravelmedicineD.Travellerscanseldomgetup-to-dateinformation【答案】A8、請閱讀Passage2，完成題：A.BecausechildrencannottellfictionfromrealityB.BecausechildrenliketoactoutthescenesinthegamesontheplaygroundC.BecausecomputergamesinvolvechildrenmorethanTVorfilmsD.Becausecomputergamescanproducemoreanti-socialbehavior【答案】C9、Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedthroughderivation?A.StudentsB.ShorterC.BoughtD.Insanity【答案】D10、請閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.DonnawasavolunteerteacherofthetrainingprogramB.Theauthorknewwhatwasgoingtohappenwhenhe/sheenteredtheclassroomC.Donna'sfourthgradeclassroomappearedtobetraditional,resemblingmanyotherstheauthorhadseeninthepastD.Everyone,regardlessofgender,age,andoccupation,mayencountermany"Ican'ts"inlife【答案】B11、請閱讀短文，完成此題。A.ItwouldbringefficiencytoschoolfundingB.ItwouldraisestandardsandequityineducationC.ItwouldreducegovernmentbudgetinschoolfundingD.Itwouldcontrolboththestaleschoolsandindependentschools【答案】B12、/s/and/z/canbedistinguishedbythe______.A.placeofarticulationB.stateoftongueC.stateofvocalcordsD.mannerofarticulation【答案】C13、Duetothe__________influence,someChineselearnersofEnglishwronglypassivizeintransitiveverbslike"die",asin"Johnwasdiedlastyear".A.intedingualB.interculturalC.intralingualD.intmcultural【答案】C14、ThenumberofAmericanswhoreadbookshasbeendecliningforthirtyyears,andthosewhodoreadhavebecomeproudof,evenabitover-identifiedwith,theenterprise.AlongsidethetotebagsyoucanfindT-shirts,magnets,andbuttonsprintedorsewnwithcoversofclassicnovels;theWebsiteEtsysellstightsprintedwithpoemsbyEmilyDickinson.AspreadinTheParisReviewfeaturedliterature-inspiredpaint-chipcolors.Themerchandisingofreadinghasacuriouslyundifferentiatedflavor,asifwhatyoureadmatteredlessthanthatyoureaD.Inthisclimateofembattledbibliophilia,anewsubgenreofbooksaboutbookshasemerged,amixofliterarycriticism,autobiography,self-help,andimmersionjournalism:authorsundertakereadingstuntstoprovethatreading--anything--stillmatters."IthoughtofmyadventureasOff-RoadorExtremeReading,"PhyllisRosewritesin"TheShelf:FromLEQtoLES",thelateststuntbook,inwhichshereadsthroughamoreorlessrandomshelfoflibrarybooks.Shecompareshervoyage,toErnestShackleton'sexplorationsintheAntarctic."However,Iliketosleepunderaquiltwithmyheadonagoosedownpillow,"shewrites."SoIwouldreadmywayintotheunknown--intothepathlesswastes,intothinair,withnoreviews,nobest-sellerlists,nocollegecurricula,noNationalBookAwardsorPulitzerPrizes,noads,nopublicity,notevenwordofmouthtoguideme."A.People'sinterestinreadingneedstobeinspireDB.MostpeopledonotknowwhattheyshouldreaDC.SheknowshowtorelievehermentalsufferingviareadingD.Shehasspecialpersonaltraitsneededfor"extremereading"【答案】D15、Theissueishowto__________radioactivewaste.A.dealB.disposeC.disposalD.do【答案】B16、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"ambient"inParagraph2?A.SurroundingB.FamiliarC.ForeignD.Local【答案】A17、Whattypeofapproachdoesthestudentapplytolisteningaccordingtowhathedescribes?__________"WhenIlistentoEnglishtapes,Iamalwaysworriedaboutmylimitedvocabulary.Itendtofigureoutitsactualmeaningwhencomingacrossanunknownword,sothatstopmakesmemissthenextpartofthespeech."A.Detail-orientedapproachB.Top-downapproachC.InteractiveapproachD.Bottom-upapproach【答案】D18、Whentheteachergivesfeedbacktostudentsinteachingwriting,he/sheshouldNOT__________.A.makepositivecommentsonthegoodfeaturesofthewritingB.givewordssimplylike"good"or"verygood"tothewritingC.pointoutareasforimprovementD.expresshis/herpersonalopinionontheissuethewriterhasdiscussed【答案】B19、Inordinaryconversations,participantsareexpected,firstofall,to__________,otherwise,communicationwouldbreakdown.A.standstraightB.coordinateC.speakthetruthD.cooperate【答案】D20、Consonantsareclassifiedintermsof__________.A.theplacewheretheairstreamobstructionoccursB.thepartoftonguethatisthehighestC.opennessofthemouthD.thelengthofthesound【答案】A21、TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.TheirA.InternetbasedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalonesB.TeachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobsC.InternetbasedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontentD.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity【答案】A22、Drunkendriving,sometimescalledAmerica'ssociallyacceptedformofmurder,hasbecomeanationalepidemic.EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmericansonaveragearekilledhyA.Asixteen-year-oldboywhodrankaglassofwinethreehoursagoB.Anoldladywhotookfourshotsofwhiskyinyesterday'spartyC.ApolicemanwholikesalcoholverymuchD.Apregnantwomanwhodrankabeeranhourago【答案】A23、--Thesituationwasinamess.A.shoulddevelopB.woulddevelopC.musthavedevelopedD.couldhavedeveloped【答案】D24、Itisimperativethatthegovernment__________moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.A.attractsB.shallattractC.attractD.hastoattract【答案】C25、Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat__________．A.individualswithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatthesamelevelB.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironmentC.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligenceD.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain【答案】C26、Whichofthefollowingshowsthegeneralintonationpatterninacomplexsentence?A.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↗unemploymentB.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↘unemploymentC.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↗unemploymentD.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↘unemployment【答案】B27、Passage1A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respectB.CompetitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopmentC.FailuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetitionD.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople【答案】D28、Whichofthefollowingwordscontainsaninflectionalmorpheme?A.DisappearB.BlackenC.OxenD.Anti-pollution【答案】C29、Ihavekepttheportrait__________Icanseeiteverydayasitalwaysremindsmeofmyuniversitydays.A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.when【答案】B30、Passage2A.theyareexpectedtobeleadersofthesocietyB.theymightbecomeaburdenofthesocietyC.theyshouldfullydeveloptheirpotentialsD.disabledchildrendeservespecialconsideration【答案】C31、Theman__________thedarkglassesfledawayfromthespotveryrapidly.A.inB.atC.ofD.by【答案】A32、Afterfourmonthsinforeignparts,everyhourathomewas__________．A.valuableB.preciousC.costlyD.luxurious【答案】B33、Manyaboy__________playingbasketball．A.likesB.likeC.tolikeD.havelike【答案】A34、Passage2A.memoryisacompensationforforgettingB.thememorystoragesystemisbalancedC.thecapacityofamemorystoragesystemislimitedD.forgetfulnessisaresponsetolearning【答案】D35、Passage2A.ThecriticismshavebeenincreasingB.ThecriticismsmaynotbewelljustifiedsometimesC.Thecriticismsmainlyfocusonthequalityofnon-universityprogramsD.Thecriticismsusuallycomefromadvocacygroupsandso-callededucationalentrepreneurs【答案】D36、Passage1A.ThechemicalstheyusesometimespollutethewatersupplyB.TheyoftendamagethebuildingsthattheyaretryingtocoolC.TherearenotenoughCFCsintheworldtocoolallthebuildingsD.Themethodtheyusetocoolwateristhoughttoharmtheozonelayer【答案】D37、請閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.GroupworkgivespupilstheopportunitytolearntoworktogetherwithothersB.PupilsalsolearntodeveloptheirreasoningabilitiesC.GroupworkprovidespupilswiththeopportunitytolearntobecapableorganizersD.Pupilsalsolearnhowtoparticipateinteachingactivities【答案】D38、Thesituationalapproachisasituation-basedlanguageteachingmethodwhichfocuseson_______.A.grammarandvocabulariesB.orallanguageandsentencepatternsC.speakingandlisteningD.pronunciationandspeaking【答案】B39、請閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.AntiquitieshuntersB.EnvironmentaldamageC.TheoptionalnumberoftouristsD.Visitorsexceedingtheoptimalnumber【答案】D40、Whenusingtheimperative"Turnitoff"togiveanorder,thespeakerhighlightsthe_________oftheutterance.A.locutionaryactB.illocutionaryactC.perlocutionaryactD.indirectspeechact【答案】B41、WhatstagecanthefollowinggrammaractivitybeusedatA.PresentationB.PracticeC.ProductionD.Preparation【答案】B42、Howmanymorphemesdoestheword"impossible"consistof?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four【答案】C43、Ifateacherattemptstoimplementthetop-downmodeltoteachlistening,he/sheislikelytopresent__________.A.newwordsafterplayingthetapeB.newwordsbeforeplayingthetapeC.backgroundinformationafterplayingthetapeD.backgroundinformationbeforeplayingthetape【答案】D44、40yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportwasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabledB.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldierC.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermanyD.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritishgovernment【答案】B45、Passage1A.theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanismB.companies'financiallossduetoimmoralpracticesC.governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissuesD.thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions【答案】A46、Davidtookatestandhisscorewasatthetop10percentinhisclass.Thisisaninterpretationoftheresultofa______test.A.diagnosticB.formativeC.norm-referencedD.criterion-referenced【答案】C47、Whenstudentsaredoingactivities,theteacherwalksaroundandprovideshelpifnecessary,bothinideasandlanguage,Whatroleistheteacherplaying?A.OrganizerB.AssessorC.Resource-providerD.Monitor【答案】C48、Theword"motel"comesfrom"motor+hotel".Thisisanexampleof__________inmorphology.A.backformationB.conversionC.blendingD.acronym【答案】C49、Passage2A.HumanisticB.SubjectiveC.SentimentalD.Recriminatory【答案】A50、Unlikesomeotherfood-capable3Dprinters,theFoodinidevice__________fromthestarttobeaspecializedfood-printingmachine.A.hasdesignedB.hasbeendesignedC.woulddesignD.wouldbedesigned【答案】B大題（共10題）一、請簡要分析該教師的行為體現(xiàn)了教學反饋的什么要求。教學片段：T：What’sthethemeofthepassageWhydoyouthinksoStudentA，please．A：Thepassageisabouttheinventionoftabletennis．T：Good．AnyotherideasStudentB．B：Itisaboutwhoinventsthetabletennis．T：OK，sitdownplease．Anyoneelse(Afteraminute．)T：OK．WhoagreeswithStudentAPleaseraiseyourhand．(Somestudentsraisetheirhand．)T：WhoagreeswithStudentB(Someotherstudentsraisetheirhand．)T：Great．Nowlet’sreadthepassageagain，andpayattentiontothefirstsentenceofeachparagraph．Let’sworkouttogetherwhoseopinionisthemainideaofthepassage，A’sorB’s．【答案】這段案例體現(xiàn)了教學反饋要有目的性，要有及時性，要體現(xiàn)參與度和要有啟發(fā)性。本案例中讀完文章后教師立即設置問題，體現(xiàn)了反饋的及時性。教師設置提問反饋的目的是看看學生是否采取了正確的閱讀策略獲取文章大意，具有很強的針對性。通過讓學生舉手表決的方式，體現(xiàn)了教學反饋的參與度。通過鼓勵其他學生提出不同的見解，最后又點撥學生通過認真讀每段的第一句話來總結(jié)文章的中心思想，體現(xiàn)了教學反饋的啟發(fā)性。二、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。在語法教學中，語法練習的形式有哪幾種(10分)?請對任意兩種練習形式進行舉例說明(10分)。【答案】(1)語法練習的形式①機械型練習。這類練習的作用是幫助學生熟記、掌握語法規(guī)則和形式，一般使用互不連接的單獨結(jié)構(gòu)、短語或句子。常見的練習形式有填空、選擇和替換等。②意義型練習。這類練習強調(diào)形式的正確理解和輸出，但同時涉及了意義。練習仍然使用互不連接的單獨結(jié)構(gòu)，答案通常是確定的。常見的練習形式有：基于意義的填空或選擇、配對、改錯及合并句子、漢譯英或英譯漢等。③交際型練習。這類練習最有使用價值和趣味性，它強調(diào)以交際為目的的意義輸出或理解.在交際過程中同時注意結(jié)構(gòu)的運用。常見的練習形式有：兩人活動、小組討論活動、角色扮演活動、頭腦風暴活動等。(2)練習舉例①機械型練習——替換練習T：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox.S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox.T：shelf.S：I’mtryingtofindabookintheshelf.T：bed.S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebed.⑦意義型練習——漢澤英我打算在我家鄉(xiāng)買套房子。三、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設計教學方案，用英文作答。設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計一節(jié)課的教學方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：?teachingobjectives?teachingcontents?keyanddifficultpoints?majorstepsandtimeallocation?activitiesandjustifications教學時間：45分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學九年級(初中三年級)學生，班級人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)已經(jīng)達到《義務教育英語課程標準(2011版)》四級水平，學生課堂參與積極性一般?！敬鸢浮縏eachingContent:Talkaboutthepersonalityandwriteapersonalitysurvey.TeachingObjectives:Knowledgeobjective(1)KeyVocabularypretty,social,bother,slight,intheslightest,fairly,plenty,plentyof,getalongwith,listener(2)Reading(3)WritingAbilityobjectiveStudentsshouldimprovetheirabilityofreadingcomprehensionandwriting.EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanlearnthatbeingagoodlistenerisanart.TeachingKeyPoints:MasterthekeyvocabularyandthepointofwritingandreadingTeachingDifficultPoint:Howtowriteapersonalitysurvey四、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設計教學方案，用英文作答。設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材．設計一節(jié)英語寫作課教學方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandiustifications教學時間：45分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學高中二年級學生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學生已經(jīng)達到《普通高中英語課程標準(實驗)》六級水平。學生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：TheBandThatWasn'tHaveyoueverwantedtobepartofabandasafamoussingerormusician?Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic?DoyousingkaraokeandpretendyouareafamoussingerlikeSongZuyingorLiuHuan?Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.Butjusthowdopeopleformaband?【答案】ClassType:Writingclass,1periodTeachingContents:Thetopicisaboutwritinganarticleaboutmakingaband.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanwritedowntheirownopinionsabouthavingabandandshareitwiththeirfriends.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswillimprovetheirwritingandspeakingabilities.(3)EmotionalobjectiveAfterlearningthislesson,studentswillknowhowtoexpresstheiropinionslogically.TeachingKeyPoint:Howtowriteanarticleandsharetheirnewideaswiththeirfriends.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtousetheabilityofwritinginrealsituationsintheirlives.TeachingProcedures:五、設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計一節(jié)英語聽說課教學方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學時間：45分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學高中一年級學生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學生已經(jīng)達到《普通高中英語課程標準(實驗)》五級水平。學生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：AloneinAntarcticaAt50IwasthefirstwomantotravelalonetotheNorthPole.ButwhatshouldIdotocelebratemy60thbirthday?Whatelse,butajourneyattheoppositeendoftheworld,Antarctica.Ibeganmyalmost400-milejourneyonNovember1st,1997.Iwalkedandskiedalone.Mydogteamwerenotwithmetopullmysled.Anotherjourneyofchallengeanddangerwasabouttobegin.Thefirstdaystheweatherwasverygood.Thewindwasicybutnotverystrongandtherewasbrightsunshine24hoursaday.Butchangeswerejustaroundthecomer.OnthethirddayIwasstrugglingthroughstormyweatherandduringthenextweekthewindgrewstrongerandIfoundmyselfspendingawholedayinmytent.【答案】ClassType:Listeningandspeakingclass,1periodTeachingContents:Apassageaboutafamouswomen--HelenThayer'sjourneyattheSouthPole.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanlearnhowtodescribepeopleinEnglishbyusingsomewordsandexpressions,suchas"challenge,optimistic,aroundtheconcern,makeadecision,giveup"..(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscandevelopabilitiesoflisteningforspecificinformationandgistandspeaking.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscandevelopthespiritofhardwork.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:HowtousesomeusefulwordsandexpressionstodescribeapersoninEnglish.TeachingAids:AtapeandacomputerTeachingProcedures:六、請閱讀下面一份學生的書面表達以及教師的評語，并回答問題。Hi,Suzanne,Firstofall,welcometoChina.Infact,manystudentshavethesameproblemlikeyou.Asamatteroffact,itdoesn'tasdifficultasyouthink.Butwaysaregreatimportance.Herearesometips:Firstly,reviewyourlessonssothatitcanhelpyoucatchtheimportantpoints.Alsoreadbooksinadvance.Andputyourheartintoclass,espeeialwhattheteachersays.Secondly,don'tbeafraidmakemistakes.It'sagoodstudyhabitwhichplay"aimportantroleinlearninglanguage.Thirdly,trytodosomethinghardandalwaysdiscusssomeproblemswithyourclassmatesinChinesesothatyoucanlearnChinesefromyourclassmates.Finally,tobepatientwhenyoustilldopoorlyinChinese.Asyouknow,Romeisn'tbuildinaday.Astimegoeson,youwillsuccesssoonerorlater.IhopethatyoucanmakegreatprogressinChinese.Goodluck!Yours,XiaoYu教師的評語：結(jié)構(gòu)合理，層次清晰。過渡詞用得很好，使用了較復雜的句式為文章增色了許多。但畫線地方有誤，請改正。(1)該教師對學生作文的錯誤地方畫線有何作用?(8分)(2)對該教師對學生作文的批改情況進行分析。(15分)(3)假若此學生作文中出現(xiàn)的問題是學生群體中普遍常犯的錯誤，教師應該怎么做?(7分)【答案】(1)教師對學生的錯誤地方畫線。是一種讓學生修改其錯誤的提示性標記。材料中教師在錯誤處畫線，有助于學生在自我更正的過程中積極地思考出錯的原因．從錯誤中吸取教訓。同時，學生能夠?qū)λ鶎W知識進行查漏補缺．可以認識到自己還沒有完全掌握哪些知識點或哪些語言規(guī)則掌握得不準確。學生可以從錯誤中學到知識．知識的殘缺也會得到及時的彌補。(2)該教師在批改此學生的作文中，能夠認真閱讀并指出錯誤之處，并希望學生自行改正，是教師批改的一大優(yōu)點．但該教師沒有區(qū)分錯誤的類型，對于出現(xiàn)的錯誤不加區(qū)分一律畫線，是其批改中出現(xiàn)的不當之處。有的學生可以悟出來，如beafraidmakemistakes，playaimportant等。此類錯誤不必多加解釋，經(jīng)過提示，學生可以自行解決。但對于Asamatteroffact為什么畫線．學生很難發(fā)現(xiàn)其出錯原因是前面用了infact，造成重復現(xiàn)象。還有tobepatientwhenvoustilldopoorlyinChinese學生很可能搞不懂錯在哪里。這時，教師應給出詳細解釋，確保學生理解錯誤原因。因此．對學生書面表達中出現(xiàn)的錯誤的處理方式應有別于口語中出現(xiàn)的錯誤處理方式。從某種程度上說．書面表達錯誤的處理應更加嚴謹．要求學生充分運用所掌握的語言知識來監(jiān)察和修改語言輸出．少出或不出語言形式方面的錯誤。(3)教師如果在教學過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)學生普遍存在某一類的言語錯誤，此類現(xiàn)象可以看作對課堂教學是否正確高效的一種反饋。教師可以通過對普遍性錯誤的分析．找出教學中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，從而針對學生的實際情況，及時優(yōu)化教學內(nèi)容．改進教學方法．促進教學質(zhì)量的進一步提高。七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。簡述語法教學中常用的兩種教學方法和其優(yōu)缺點。【答案】演繹法和歸納法是語法教學常用的兩種教學方法。(1)在演繹教學中，教師首先直接講解語法規(guī)則并舉例說明，然后讓學生進行各種替換練習、句子練習等訓練。這種教學方式講解清楚，易于理解。但是在這種方式下，學生對教師的依賴性比較強，學到的語言知識也容易遺忘。演繹法注重形式而非使用，學生處于被動學習的狀態(tài)。(2)在歸納教學中，教師將學生首先置于含有語法規(guī)則的語境中，然后根據(jù)上下文的信息歸納出語法規(guī)則。這種方法有利于學生在語境中接觸語言，激發(fā)學生的參與興趣，使學生理解語法所適用的語境、表達的含義以及所承載的功能，分析、歸納、總結(jié)語言的使用規(guī)律。深化學生對語法的理解，有助于學生分析能力和注意力的培養(yǎng)。但是歸納法對學生和教師的要求都很高，也比較費時。對教師來講，創(chuàng)造真實的語境有時比較困難，而且不一定能引導學生得出正確的規(guī)則，也不能滿足所有學生的需要。學生必須能夠主動學習。愿意動腦去發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，否則會對規(guī)則的印象不深，難以鞏固。八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。教師課堂中糾錯的意義及策略有哪些?【答案】(1)意義：糾錯是指教師在英語教學過程中，對學生的聽說讀寫譯等實踐活動所出現(xiàn)的各種問題，如語音、拼寫、詞匯、句型、語法、語篇以及不符合西方文化習俗的言行等給予指導幫助的一種方式。正確巧妙的糾錯，不僅能讓學生正確使用語言，對所犯的錯誤有正確理性的認識，正視自己學習中的不足，同時能對學生形成良好的語言學習習慣，提高表達能力起到積極的作用。(2)策略：這不僅與課堂教學期待的目標相關(guān)，而且與課堂教學活動類型相關(guān)。如果教師期待的活動結(jié)果是學生在活動中或活動后能流暢地用英語表達思想，教師就不應該有錯必糾，而應該在學生完整表達思想之后再糾正錯誤。如果老師過多地介入學生“說”的過程，勢必會影響學生流暢地用英語來表達。反之，如果教師期待學生在教學活動中要準確地使用目標語，那么及時糾正錯誤就是必須的。九、設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計20分鐘的英語閱讀教學方案。該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：●teachingobjectives●teachingcontents●keyanddifficultpoints●majorstepsandtimeallocation●activitiesandjustifications教學時間：20分鐘學生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通高中二年級（第一學期）學生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學生已經(jīng)達到《普通高中英語課程標準（實驗）》六級水平。學生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：Words,words,wordsBritishandAmericanEnglisharedifferentinmanyways.Thefirstandmostobviouswayisinthevocabulary.TherearehundredsofdifferentwordswhicharenotusedontheothersideoftheAtlantic,orwhichareusedwithadifferentmeaning.Someofthesewordsarewellknown—Americansdriveautomobilesdownfreewaysandfillupwithgas;theBritishdrivecarsalongmotorwaysandfillupwithpetrol.Asatourist,youwillneedtousetheundergroundinLondonorthesubwayinNewYork,ormaybeyouwillprefertogetaroundthetownbytaxi(British)orcab(American).ChipsorFrenchfries?Butotherwordsandexpressionsarenotsowellknown.Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it?satorch.TheBritishqueueup;Americansstandinline.Sometimesthesamewordhasaslightlydifferentmeaning,whichcanbeconfusing.Chips,forexample,arepiecesofhotfriedpotatoinBritain;intheStateschipsareverythinandaresoldinpackets.TheBritishcallthesecrisps.ThechipstheBritishknowandloveareFrenchfriesontheothersideoftheAtlantic.Haveorhavegot?Thereareafewdifferencesingrammar,too.TheBritishsayHaveyougot...?WhileAmericanspreferDoyouhave...?AnAmericanmightsayMyfriendjustarrived,butaBritishpersonwouldsayMyfriendhasjustarrived.Prepositions,too,canbedifferent:compareontheteam,ontheweekend(American)withintheteam,attheweekend(British).TheBritishuseprepositionswhereAmericanssometimesomitthem(I’llseeyouMonday;Writemesoon!).Colourorcolor?Theothertwoareasinwhichthetwovarietiesdifferarespellingandpronunciation.Americanspellingseemssimpler:center,colorandprograminsteadof'centre,colourandprogromme.ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedfourhundredyearsago.Theaccent,whichismostsimilartoBritishEnglish,canbeheardontheEastCoastoftheUS.WhentheIrishwriterGeorgeBernardShawmadethefamousremarkthattheBritishandtheAmericansaretwonationsdividedbyacommonlanguage,hewasobviouslythinkingaboutthedifferences.Butaretheyreallysoimportant?Afterall,thereisprobablyasmuchvariationofpronunciationwithinthetwocountriesasbetweenthem.ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.【答案】ClassType:ReadingclassTeachingContents:ThispassageisaboutsomedifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.TeachingObjectives:Knowledgeobjective:StudentswillknowsomedifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.Abilityobjectives:(1)StudentscanidentifyavarietyofEnglish.(2)Studentsareabletofindoutthemainideaandthedetailsofapassage.Emotionalobjective:Afterthislesson,studentswillhavemoreinterestinexploringtheEnglishlanguageculture.TeachingKey＆DifficultPoints:Teachingkeypoint:Howtomakestudentsgraspsomedetailsofthepassageandreaditindifferentways.Teachingdifficultpoint:How