化學考研復試-吉林大學化學考研實驗題

1

290

3

20

1KIFeCl3

2Hg(NO3)2SnCl2

3Na2S2O3

4Bi(NO3)3NaOH

5

6Hg2(NO3)2NaOH

30

7CuSO4

8

9

10Na2SO3K2Cr2O7

11

12K2Cr2O7

1

20

13CoCl2·6H2O

14HgCl2AgNO3

Na2HPO4

15

2+2-

Ni(NH3)6Co(SCN)4

2-

K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CrO4

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2OPbI2

30

16[Co(NH3)6]Cl3H2O2

5565

17K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

18PbCrO4

BaCrO4

19K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CuO

20FeSO4K4[Fe(CN)6]

2

20

1321

1KIFeCl3

3+-2+

2Fe+2I2Fe+I2

2Hg(NO3)2SnCl2

2+2+-4+

2Hg+Sn+2ClHg2Cl2+Sn

2+4+-

Hg2Cl2+Sn2Hg+Sn+2Cl1

3Na2S2O3

2-2--

2S2O3+I2S4O6+2I

4Bi(NO3)3NaOH

3+-+-

Bi+6OH+Cl2+NaNaBiO3+2Cl+3H2O

5

-2-+2+2-

2MnO4+5SO3+6H2Mn+5SO4+3H2O

6Hg2(NO3)2NaOH

2+-

Hg2+2OH+Hg+HgO+H2O

30

532

7CuSO4

Cu(OH)2·CuSO4

2+

Cu(NH3)4

8

Fe(SCN)2+

Fe2+Sn4+

9

I2

I-

10Na2SO3K2Cr2O7

Cr3+

11

HgI2

2-

HgI4

1

12K2Cr2O7

CrO5

20

13

2-

13CoCl2·6H2OCoCl4

14HgCl2HgNH2ClAgNO3Na2HPO4

Ag3PO4

15

2+2-

Ni(NH3)6Co(SCN)4

2-

K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CrO4

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2OPbI2

305

16[Co(NH3)6]Cl3H2O255

65

H2O2

17K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

18PbCrO4BaCrO4

2+2-

PbCrO4PbPb(OH)4

2

Cr2O7

BaCrO4

Ba2+

19K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CuO

CuO

20FeSO4K4[Fe(CN)6]

o3+2+o-2+

E(Fe/Fe)E(I2/I)I2FeFeSO4

o3-4-o-4-

E(Fe(CN)6/Fe(CN)6)E(I2/I)I2Fe(CN)6

K4[Fe(CN)6]

2

1

280

3

20

1KIFeCl3

2Hg(NO3)2SnCl2

3Na2S2O3

4

5KMnO4

30

6CrCl3NaOH

7

8

9FeSO4K2Cr2O7

10

11K2Cr2O7

1

20

12CrCl3·6H2O

13HgCl2HgCl2

14

2-

[Co(NH3)6]Cl3CoCl4

2-

K2[Cu(C2O4)2]Cr2O7

2+

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2ONi(NH3)6

2-

K3[Co(NO2)6]MnO4

30

15[Co(NH3)6]Cl3H2O2

5565

16K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

17K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CuO

18FeSO4NaHCO3

FeSO4NaHCO3

19CuCl

20CuSO4K2[Cu(C2O4)2]

2

20

1422

1KIFeCl3

3+-2+

2Fe+2I2Fe+I2

2Hg(NO3)2SnCl2

2+2+-4+

2Hg+Sn+2ClHg2Cl2+Sn

2+4+-

Hg2Cl2+Sn2Hg+Sn+2Cl1

3Na2S2O3

2-2--

2S2O3+I2S4O6+2I

4

-2-+2+2-

2MnO4+5SO3+6H2Mn+5SO4+3H2O

5KMnO4

2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

30

532

6CrCl3NaOH

NaOHCr(OH)3

-

NaOHCr(OH)4

7

Fe(SCN)2+

2-

FeF5

8

I2

-

I

9FeSO4K2Cr2O7

Cr3+

10

HgI2

2-

HgI4

11K2Cr2O7

3+

CrO5Cr

1

20

12CrCl3·6H2O

4

13HgCl2HgNH2ClHgCl2

HgO4

144

2-

[Co(NH3)6]Cl32CoCl41

2-

K2[Cu(C2O4)2]2Cr2O71

2+

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O2Ni(NH3)61

2-

K3[Co(NO2)6]2MnO41

305

15[Co(NH3)6]Cl3H2O255

65

H2O2

16K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

17K2[Cu(C2O4)2]CuO

CuO

18FeSO4NaHCO3FeSO4

NaHCO3

o3+2+o-2+

E(Fe/Fe)E(I2/I)I2FeNaHCO3

FeSO4NaHCO3

FeSO4NaHCO3FeSO4NaHCO3

oo-

Fe(OH)2E(Fe(OH)3/Fe(OH)2)E(I2/I)I2

Fe(OH)2

19CuCl

CuCl

4CuCl+O22CuO+2CuCl2

20CuSO4K2[Cu(C2O4)2]

CuSO4+2NaOHCu(OH)2+Na2SO4

Cu(OH)2CuO+H2O

2H2C2O4+K2CO32KHC2O4+CO2

CuO+2KHC2O4K2[Cu(C2O4)2]+H2O

2

30

1Hg(NO3)2SnCl2

2AgNO3Na2S2O3

3Cu(NO3)2

4Hg(NO3)2NaOH

5

6

7

8

1

15

1

-2-

I3Cr2O7K2[Cu(C2O4)2]

HgOK3[Fe(C2O4)3]3H2OCrO5

2MnO2

3K3[Fe(C2O4)3]3H2O

___________________________________________________

25

1Na2S2O3Na2SO3

2PbCrO4BaCrO4

3

2

30

1MnO2KMnO4

2K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

3

2+2+-4+

1Hg+Sn+Cl===Hg2Cl2+Sn

+2-

2Ag+S2O3===Ag2S2O3

Ag2S2O3+H2O===Ag2S+H2SO4

32Cu(NO3)2===2CuO+4NO2+O2

2+-

4Hg+2OH===HgO+H2O

-2-+2-

52IO3+5SO3+2H===I2+5SO4+H2O

-2-+

I2+H2O===2I+SO4+2H

3+-3-n

6Fe+nSCN===Fe(SCN)nn1~6

3-n2+2+-4+

2Fe(SCN)n+Sn===2Fe+nSCN+Sn

2+-

7Hg+2I===HgI2

-2-

HgI2+2I===HgI4

-2--2-2-

8MnO4+SO3+OH===MnO4+SO3+H2O

1

-

I3

2-

Cr2O7

K2[Cu(C2O4)2]·2H2O

HgO

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]3H2O

CrO5

2MnCl2Cl2

3K3[Fe(C2O4)3]3H2O

1

1Na2S2O3

AgBrNa2S2O3

2+2-

2PbNaOHPb(OH)4

-2-2-

PbCrO4+4OH===Pb(OH)4+CrO4

2-2-

CrO4Cr2O7PbCr2O7BaCr2O7

PbCrO4BaCrO4

+2+2-

2PbCrO4+H===2Pb+Cr2O7+H2O

+2+2-

2BaCrO4+H===2Ba+Cr2O7+H2O

2+

PbNaOHBaCrO4

3

1

K2MnO4KMnO4

MnO2KOHKClO3

K2MnO4

3MnO2+KClO3+6KOH===3K2MnO4+KCl+3H2O

CO2K2MnO4KMnO4

++

3K2MnO4+4H===2KMnO4+MnO2+4K+2H2O

2

2

2004~2005

1

22

3

230

1()

A1/3B2/3C1/2D1/5

2()

ABCD

3FeCl3()

ABCD

4()

AB

CD

5()

ABCD

6()

ABCD

7()

ACaCl2BK2CO3CNaDNa2SO4

8()

ABCD

9

()

A0~5B8~10C12~15D

10()

A0~5B8~12C12~15D

1110mL()

A0.5~1gB1gC1~2gD2g

12

12()

A1~2B1~21C2~31D

13

A10B20~

14

APHB-

A24-B-CD

330

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

5

5

5

5

10

2--2-

10

22

1

230

330

1:

:

2

3123

41

2

10ml0.5-1g

5

12;

3

45

61

1/32/3

2

1/3-2/3

7

12.3

10010

8Rf

9

12

34

10

1

2

3

169-17

1

2

3

4

1-2

1-2

1

2a

;bC

D

2--2-

10

1

+Mg

n-C4H9Brn-C4H9MgBr

n-C4H9C(CH)

n-C4H9MgBr+H3CCCH332

OMgBr

O

H+

+

n-C4H9C(CH3)2H2On-C4H9-C(CH3)2

OH

OMgBr

2

3ab

CD

E2--2-

H

2005~2006

1

22

3

530

1

22313

3

4

5

6

10

10

10

10

10

20

11

2

530

1:

:

22313

3

4

;;

51Rf2

3

61

2

10ml0.5-1g

12;

3

45

12345

12

3

45

1

2

3

(4)

5

2-3

6

7

10

1

2a;b

C

D

10min

2%

1-

(2)

12

3

1

+

CH3CO2KH

+CHCH=CHOH+CH3CO2H

C6H5CHO(CH3CO)2O652

2

3

1.5-2h

15

1.0.20mol/LHCl0.10mol/LNH3pKb=4.740.10mol/L

pKb=3.38________

2.Na2B4O7.10H2OHCl

HCl________________

3.Na2B4O7.10H2OHCl

_________________________________________________

4.0.10cmol/LHClNaOHPH9.7—4.3HClNaOH

10PH_________________________

5.Zn2+Al3+pH5~5.5EDTA

2+

Zn___________________NH4F

__________________

6EDTAFe3+Al3+

_______________pH=__________________

7.MN1.010-2moL.L-1

..

lgCMKMY-lgCNKNY

40

1.(pKb=8.85)PH

A.810B.46C.68D.3—5

2.PH=5

A.HCOOHpKa=3.45.B.(pKb=8.85

C.NH3pKb=4.74D.HAcpKa=4.74

3.

A.B.C.D.

4.NaOHH3PO4pKa1pKa32.127.2012.36Na2HPO4

A.B.C.D.

5.NaOHNa2CO3HClV1ml

HClV2mlV1V2

A.V1=V2B.V1>V2C.V1<V2D.V1=2V2

6.HClV1ml,V2ml

V1<V2

A.NaOH-Na2CO3B.Na2CO3

1

C.NaHCO3D.NaHCO3Na2CO3

2-

7.NaOHCO3H2C2O4NaOHHAc

A.B.C.

8.NaKAHClNaKAHCl

A.1:2B.2:1C.1:1D.1:4

9.HClNa2CO3Na2CO3HCl

A.1:2B.2:1C.1:1D.1:4

10.EDTA

A.1:1B.1:2C.1:4D.1:6

11.EDTApH

A.B.C.D.

12.

A.PH>6B.

C.TD.T

13.Fe3+Al3+T

A.B.C.D.

14.EDTAMpM=0.2TE%0.1%

..

A.lgKMYlgKMYlgCKMYD.lgCKMY

15.Cu2+EDTA,pH=5.0EDTA

EDTApH=10.0Ca2+

A.B.C.

16.Ca2+Mg2+EDTApH=5.5,

EDTApH=10.0.EDTANi2+

A.B.C.

17.pH=5-6

EDTA

A.Mg2+B.Zn2+C.Ag+D.Bi3+

18.Fe3+,Al3+,Ca2+Mg2+EDTAFe3+Al3+Ca2+Mg2+

A.B.C.D.

19.EDTACa2+Mg2+Fe3+,Al3+,

2

A.KCNFe3+,NaFAl3+

B.Fe3+,Fe2+NaFAl3+

C.NaOHFe3+,Al3+

D.Fe3+,Al3+

20..EDTAPb2+pH=5

A.NH3-NH4ClB.HAc-NaAc

C.D.

45

????0.5000gH2SO4

(NH4)2SO4,NH3HCl10.50mL

0.2000gNH4ClHCl20.10mL

15.70%[M(N)=14.01mol-1]

??

(NaC12H11N2O3)0.243860

mL0.02molmL

??

25.00mL0.02031mol???????????????

??

2+-

Hg+2C12H11N2O3HgC12H11N2O32

?????????????mL?10.00mL0.01128mol

???????????????????pH=10.0T0.01212mol????

??????????????mL

-1

[M(NaC12H11N2O3)=254.22mol]

3.?????????????????????????????????????

???????????pH=??2.0~2.5????????mol??????????

EDTAFe3+,7.20??????Fe3+pH=3.0EDTA

pH=4.0~5.0PANCuSO4????CuSO4??????

??????????????NH4F,CuSO4

25.20??????Fe2O3Al2O3[M(Fe2O3)=159.69,M(Al2O3)=101.96,

-1

M(CuSO4????)=249.68mol]

3

+2-

1.12.3.2H+B4O7+5H2O=4H3BO34.8.7~5.3

5.pHAl3+6.107.5

1.B2.D3.C4.C,D5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A10.A11.B

12.D13.D14.D15.C16.A17.B18.B19.D20.C

+-

?????????????????????NH??3?+H3BO3=NH4+H2BO3

+-

H+H2BO3=H3BO3

+

1molNH41molHClHCl??

m(NHCl)

??????????c?(HCl)41000??

M(NH4Cl)V(HCl)

???????????

0.2000

??????????????????10000.1860(molL1)??

53.49120.10

????????

c(HCl)v(HCl)M(N)100

??????()

15.70ms

0.186010.5014.01100

0.3485(34.85%)

15.700.50001000??

??

50.00??????

????

??????????5.89mmol????????mmol250.0mL??????

250.0

0.012125.89??

50.00

NaPh????????

250.0

0.0203125.000.012125.89??

50.00

NaPh

250.02M(NaPh)

0.0203125.000.012125.89

(NaPh)50.001000??

0.2438

1

0.150822254.22

0.3145(31.45%)??

0.24381000

3.

FeO

0.02007.2023

(FeO)2

23100.0

0.50001000

250.0

0.020007.20159.69

0.0575(5.75%)

100.0

0.50002000

250.0

AlO

0.00500025.2023

2CuSO5HO

(AlO)42

23100.0

0.5000

250.0

0.00500025.20101.96

0.1286(12.86%)

100.0

0.50002249.68

250.0

2

.44

1.

1

A>1.0gB.1.0--10gC.>0.1gD.<0.1g

15.

A.>1mlB.<1mlC.0.01—1mlD.<0.01ml

16HCl

ANa2CO3B.C.D.Na3PO4

17.EDTA()

A.99.99%B.C.CaOD.AgNO3

18.()

A.B.

C.

19KI

AB

CD

2

2--

VCrMnV)Cr2O7MnO4

??

40.00ml0.1000mo????????????????????????mo??????????

????????????????????????????

?????????VCrMnmgM(V)=50.94

M(Cr)=52.00M(Mn)=54.94

Mn2+QMn2+Q

Mn2+2.???????Q525nm1cm

c(Q???????0.50000.7501.002.001.503.003.504.00

A0.1120.1620.2160.3720.4490.4630.4700.470

(1)

2525nm

3

3

.

1.B2.A,B3.D4.A5.C6.B7.A,C8.D9.A10.B11.B12.D13.A

14.C15.C16.A17.A18.C19.C20.D21.C22.B

+2++2+3+

VO2+Fe+2H=VO+Fe+H2O

2-2++3+3+

Cr2O76Fe14H2Cr6Fe7H2O

-2++2+3+

MnO45Fe8HMn5Fe4H2O

-2+2+++

MnO45VOH2OMn5VO22H??

-2++3+

MnO44Mn8H5Mn4H2O??????????????????????

22

VVO2VOMn

2+--

2-Fe3MnO43MnO433

CrCr2O7CrCrMnCr

-22

MnMnO4MnMn

1

2+

2+1-nVO5

1molVOmolMnO4-

5n(MnO4)1

-??

n(V)=5n(MnO4