人教新目標(biāo)高中英語選修六課后閱讀訓(xùn)練：十五 Unit 4 Period 3 Word版含答案

課后閱讀訓(xùn)練十五Unit4Period30.閱讀理解AWeliveinaculturethatsendsoutverymixedmessagesaboutmistakes:We'retoldwelearnbymakingthem,butweworkhardtoavoidthem.Sotheresultisthatmostofusknowthatwearegoingtomakemistakes,butdeepdown,wefeelweshouldn't.Experimentswithschoolchildrenwhodidwellinagiventestshowthatthosewhowerepraisedforbeingsmartandthenofferedamorechallengingorlesschallengingtaskafterwardusuallychosetheeasierone.Ontheotherhand,childrenpraisedfortryinghard—ratherthanbeingsmart—farmoreoftenselectedthemoredifficulttask.Ifwetryhardtoavoidmistakes,wearen'topentogettingtheinformationweneedinordertodobetter.Inawritingstudy,experimentsshowedthatthosewhoweresoscaredtomakemistakesperformedworseinwritingtasksthanthosewhoweren'tasworriedaboutbeingperfect.Theyfearreceivinganykindofnegativefeedback,sotheydon'tlearnwheretheywentwrongandhowtogetbetter.Wedon/tjustlearnmorewhenwe'reopentomistakes,welearndeeper.Researchtellsusthatifwe'reonlyconcernedaboutgettingtherightanswer,wedon'talwayslearntheunderlyingconceptsthathelpustrulyunderstandwhateverwe'retryingtofigureout.Mistakesneedtobeseennotasafailuretolearn,butasaguidetowhatstillneedstobelearned.AsThomasEdisonsaid,“Iamnotdiscouraged,becauseeveryabandonedwrongattemptisanotherstepforward.”Furthermore,weoftenmakemistakesbecausewetrynewthings—wewanderawayfromacceptedpaths.Teflon,penicillin—theseareexamplesofgreatdiscoveriesmadebymistake.TakeapagefromAlbertEinstein,whosaid,“Anyonewhohasnevermadeamistakehasnevertriedanythingnew."【語篇概述】本文講述了錯誤對我們成長的積極作用，并列舉了相關(guān)的實驗和例子，并建議我們應(yīng)該用積極的態(tài)度對待錯誤。Whatwillhappentostudentspraisedforbeingsmartinfaceofchoosingtaskscomparedtostudentspraisedforworkinghard?Theywillasktheirteachersforadvice.Theywillhidetheirmistakesfromtheirteachers.Theywillworkhardertoavoidmistakes.Theywillchoosealesschallengingtask.【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中第二段第一句可知〃對在測試中取得較好成績的學(xué)生做實驗，給他們一個較難的任務(wù)和一個較簡單的任務(wù)，被表揚聰明的同學(xué)更傾向于選擇簡單的任務(wù)〃。WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacceptableaccordingtothepassage?Themoremistakeswemake,themorewelearn.Mistakescanbeusedasapositivefactorforsuccess.Beingopentomistakeshelpsyouunderstandthetruth.Astepforwardmaycomefrommistakesyou'vemade.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。A選項過于絕對，文中說錯誤可以幫我們找到自身的不足，然后加以提高，這樣才會學(xué)到東西，而不是犯越多的錯，學(xué)得越多。Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus?Onemustfollowacorrectpathtoavoidmistakes.TobecomeanEinstein,youshouldmakemistakes.Makingmistakesisnotadisadvantageinaway.Youcan'tmakemistakesunlessyoutrynewthings.【解析】選Co主旨大意題。從最后一段可知，我們犯錯誤是因為我們努力嘗試新的東西，所以從某種意義上說，犯錯誤是有積極作用的。What'sthemainideaofthepassage?Wecanneveravoidmakingmistakeswhenwework.Successcan'tbeachievedwithoutmakingmistakes.Tryeverymeanstoavoidmistakesinourdailylife.Mistakesshouldbetreatedwithacorrectattitude.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。從文章大意可知，本文講述了錯誤對于我們成長的積極作用，以及我們應(yīng)該用積極的態(tài)度對待錯誤。BTopreventthedesertscomingnear,Chinahasplantedbillionsoftrees—toreplacedestroyedforestsandasbarriersagainstthesand.Thisisn'tacure,though,sayexperts,asthirstytreescanmaketheproblemworsebytakingingroundwater.""Plantingtreesisoneway,butitisn'tthatsimple.Itdoesn'tsolvethebasicissueofwaterresources,''saysWuBo,aprofessor.Z/Weneedtocalculatehowmuchwaterthetreeswillabsorb,orelseitcouldhaveanegativeeffect."VillagersinZhengxinhavetakenonthischallenge,withlimitedsuccess.Whentheirrigationchannelsbegantorundry,LuXianglinswitchedfromwheattocottononhisland.Healsoplantedtreestoprotecthisfieldsfromsandstorms.Hesayshestillgetsgoodyields（產(chǎn)量）usingfloodirrigationandearnsagoodincomeforhisfamily.Otherfarmershaven'tstuckitout（堅持至ij底）：aboutoneinthreehaveleftZhengxininthepast10yearsaftertheirwheatcropsdied.Youngpeoplewhocanfindjobsinthetownsrarelyreturn.Lastweek,MrLujoinedtheothermeninhisvillageonagovernment-arrangedtriptoseethelandthathasbeensetasidefortheirrelocation,nearly40milestothesouth.Thenextday,hewasback,shakinghisheadattheplan.Theideaofuprootinghisfamilytroubleshim,asdoestheideaofgivingupthelandthatfedhisforefathers.Hepreferstostayandkeepupthefight.“Withenoughwater,thisproblemcanbesolved,"Lusays.〃Wecanplanttreesandgrass,andtheywillgrowbigger.Thatwillstopthedesert."Expertssaythatfarmerscouldswitchtodripirrigation（滴灌）tolessentheirwaterintakeforgrowingcrops.Elsewhereintheregion,farmershavebuiltbrickgreenhousesaspartofaplantogrowvegetablesusinglesswater.Roadsidesignsurgefarmersto"SaveWater,ProtecttheEnvironment".【語篇概述】本文是議論文。文章討論了植樹并不是阻止沙漠化的最好辦法。專家的建議是采用滴灌技術(shù)，節(jié)約用水。Thenegativeeffectofplantingtreesindesertsisthat.itcanmakegroundwaterbecomelessitcanpreventthesandmovingfreelyitcanstopcropsgrowingwellitcangetthesoiltobecomepoor【解析】選Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知〃在沙漠中種樹會吸收沙漠中的地下水，從而使地下水減少”。再結(jié)合第二段最后一句可知，在沙漠中種樹會有負(fù)面影響。Whydidn'tMrLuaccepttheideaofrelocation?Becausetheplanofrelocationwillcosthimmuchmoney.Becausehisfamilyhadtroublemovingaway.Becausehewasreluctanttogiveuphisland.Becausehewouldratherstaythanfightagainstthedeserts.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后兩句可知選C。他不愿放棄養(yǎng)育了他的祖先的土地。Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Thedesertsdrivemoreandmorepeopletoleavetheirhomesfortheirlives.Peoplehavenomeanstofightagainstthelandbecomingdesert.Wateristhebiggestbarrierforpeopletostopthedesert.Plantingtreescannotsolvetheproblemofdesertificationoffarmland.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Lu的話可知，水是人們阻止沙漠化的最大障礙。Whatadviceisgivenbyexpertstosavewater?Toplantmoretrees.Tobuildgreenhouses.Tochangecrops.Tousedripirrigation.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知，專家們建議人們用滴灌技術(shù)來節(jié)約水。C（?全國卷口）Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsarcdown,whilebeaversandredfbxcshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.【語篇概述】本文是一篇敘事文，介紹了由于灰狼在美國黃石公園和美洲大陸數(shù)量的減少，給當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境帶來的一系列的影響，以及人們針對此問題所做出的努力。Whatisthetextmainlyabout?WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.Theconflictbetweenfannersandgraywolves.ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于由于灰狼在美國黃石公園和美洲大陸數(shù)量的減少，給當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境帶來的一系列的影響，人們?yōu)榇讼胪ㄟ^種種努力增加灰狼的數(shù)量以改善環(huán)境，故答案為D。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced“inParagraph2mean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forcedout.D.Trackeddown.【解析】選C。猜測詞義題。前句說明在黃石公園和美洲大部分地區(qū)曾有許多的灰狼，連詞but轉(zhuǎn)折了句子意義，由此可推斷出此句意為人類的發(fā)展逐漸地使灰狼“被迫離開”，故選擇C項。A項意為“測試”；B項意為“分離，隔開“；C項意為“強迫離開”；D項意為“跟蹤，追蹤”。Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?Damagetolocalecology.Adeclineinthepark'sincome.Preservationofvegetation.Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知，狼的消失帶來很多意想不到的后果：鹿和麋鹿數(shù)量急劇增長，它們消耗大量的植被，這使黃石公園地區(qū)的植物多樣性減少；灰狼消失使數(shù)量急劇增長的郊狼殺死公園地區(qū)大量的赤狐，并且驅(qū)走這里的海貍。所有這一切都對當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)造成極大的危害，故答案為A。12.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Uncaring.【解析】選Bo觀點態(tài)度題。由末段的尾句TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.可知，作者認(rèn)為人們做出的努力對幫助生物學(xué)家是否決定將灰狼重新引進到美國其他地區(qū)是一個“有價值的、重要的實驗(avaluableexperiment),,,故可推斷出作者對此持肯定的、積極的態(tài)度。A項意為“懷疑的B項意為“肯定的，積極的C項意為“反對的,不贊成的”;D項意為“漠不關(guān)心的因語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MyolderbrotherandIarebusy1.(arrange)atriptoAfrica.WewillleaveLondononJuly15,andwe'llflytoMorocco.Itisonthecamel2.wearegoingtotravelthroughtheSaharaDesert.Afterthetripbycamel,we'regoingtotraveldowntheRiverNile.We'llstartatLakeVictoria.AlittlewaydowntheriverfromLakeVictoria,thewater3.(actual)getsquiterough.So,wellgowhite-waterrafting,4.isquitedangerous,butveryexciting!Afterwhite-waterrafting,we'regoingonatrip5.(see)wildanimalsinKenya.Sincewellbewalkingforalmosttwoweeks,I'llneedtobuyalarge,strong,lightbackpack6.advancetocarrymysuppliesoffoodandwater.Itissodangerousthatourguideswillhaveguns7.(scare)theanimalsawayiftheycometoonear.Ireallywanttosee8.elephantupclose.Afterthat,we'llmoveontoTanzania,9.we'regoingtoclimbMountKilimanjaro.Itisaboutfourweeks10.theAfricanpartofourtripwilltake.Wewillsurelyhaveahappytime..【解析】arrangingo句型bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事〃。.【解析】that?？疾閺娬{(diào)句Itis...that...的結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們是將騎著駱駝穿越撒哈拉沙漠。.【解析】actuallyo考查副詞。此處用副詞修飾動詞。.【解析】which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此句為非限制性定語從句，只能用which引導(dǎo)。.【解析】tosee?？疾榉侵^語動詞。由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示旅行的目的。.【解析】in。考查介詞。inadvance固定搭配，意為“提前.【解析】toscare?？疾榉侵^語動詞。todo不定式表目的。.【解析】an?？疾楣谠~。elephant是以元音音素開頭的單詞，所以用an0.【解析】where0考查定語從句。此處先行詞為Tanzania,表示地點，在句中作狀語，所以用where。.【解析】that?？疾閺娬{(diào)句Itis...that...的結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們大約有四周的時間要花費在非洲的旅行上。閱讀理解Sure,it'sgoodtogetalongwithyourteacherbecauseitmakesthetimeyouspendintheclassroommorepleasant.Andyes,it'sgoodtogetalongwithyourteacherbecause,ingeneral,it'ssmarttolearnhowtounderstandthedifferenttypesofpeopleyou'llmeetthroughoutyourlife.“Butreally,there'sonesuper-importantreasonwhyyoushouldgetalongwithyourteacher.Whenyoudo,learningburstsri^htopen,“saysEvelynVuko,alongtimeteacherwhowritesaneducationcolumncalled^TeacherSays“fortheWashingtonPostnewspaper.Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey'remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.Thismakesiteasiertounderstandnewmaterialanddoyourbestontests.Whenyouhavethiskindofrelationshipwithateacher,heorshecanbesomeonetoturntowithproblems,suchasproblemswithlearningorschoollife,suchasbullying（欺負(fù)）.Asakidinaprimaryormiddleschool,you'reatawonderfulstageinyourlife.You'relikeasponge（海綿），abletoabsorblotsofnewandexcitinginformation.Ontopofthat,you/reabletothinkaboutallthisinformationinnewways.Yourteacherknowsthat,andinmostcases,isveryexcitedtobethepersonwho'sgivingyouallthatmaterialandhelpingyoumakeit.Remember,teachersarepeople,too,andtheyfeelgreatifyou'reopentowhatthey'reteachingyou.That'swhytheywantedtobeteachersinthefirstplace-toteach!Somekidsmaybeabletolearninanysituation,whethertheyliketheteacherornot.Butmostkidsaresensitivetothewaytheygetalongwiththeteacher,andifthingsaren/tgoingwell,theywon'tlearnaswellandwon'tenjoybeinginclass.【語篇概述】本文是說明文。文章主要說明了學(xué)生與老師處好關(guān)系的重要性。Inthepassage,theauthormainlytalksabout.howtogetalongwellwithotherstheimportanceofagoodre