選擇性必修第二冊

選擇性必修?UNIT1Growingup一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認(rèn)就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．integrityn． 正直誠實2．licencen. 執(zhí)照3．a(chǎn)dulthoodn. 成年4．milestonen. 重大事件，里程碑5．wagen. (按小時、日或周計算的)工資，薪金6．taxn. 稅7．a(chǎn)mbulancen. 救護(hù)車8．subtleadj. 難以察覺的；微妙的9．householdadj. 家庭的10．commuten. 每天上班的路程11．minimumadj. 最小的，最少的12．bittersweetadj. 苦樂參半的13．boardern. 寄宿生，住校生14．primevaladj. 原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的15．boaconstrictor 蟒蛇16．preyn. 獵物17．ponderv. 仔細(xì)考慮，深思18．masterpiecen. 杰作19．a(chǎn)rithmeticn. 算術(shù)20．disheartenedadj. 沮喪的，灰心的21．intimatelyadv. 親密地；密切地22．golfn. 高爾夫球運動23．necktien. 領(lǐng)帶24．a(chǎn)irlinen. 航空公司25．memorableadj. 難忘的(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．virtuen. 美德2．loann. (銀行等的)貸款3．matureadj. 成熟的，明白事理的4．childhoodn. 童年，兒童時代5．depositn. 訂金6．cherishv. 重視，珍視7．routinen. 慣例，習(xí)慣8．swallowv. 吞下，咽下9．chewv. 咀嚼10．tiresomeadj. 煩人的，令人厭煩的11．bondn. 紐帶，關(guān)系(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．electv．選舉→electionn．選舉2．legaladj.合法的→legallyadv.合法地→illegaladj.非法的→illegallyadv.非法地3．instantadj.即刻的，立即的n．瞬間；片刻→instantlyadv.立即，馬上4．obeyv.服從；遵守→obedientadj.順從的→obediencen．服從；遵守5．gradualadj.逐漸的，逐步的→graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地6．selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn．自私→unselfishnessn．無私7．a(chǎn)pprovev．贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可→approvaln．批準(zhǔn)；支持，認(rèn)可8．steadyadj.穩(wěn)定的→steadilyadv.穩(wěn)定地→steadinessn．穩(wěn)定；穩(wěn)健；不變；穩(wěn)固→unsteadyadj.不穩(wěn)定的9．temptv．誘惑，引誘→temptationn．誘惑，引誘10．libraryn．圖書館→librariann．圖書管理員11．commitvt.犯(罪)；全心全意投入(工作、活動等)；花(錢或時間)；承諾；保證→commitmentn．投入，花費；承諾→committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅信的12．suitv．合適→suitableadj.合適的→suitablyadv.合適地13．varyv．變化→variedadj.各種各樣的14．digestv．消化(食物)→digestionn．消化(過程)15．consequencen．后果；結(jié)果；影響→consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.因此；所以16．politicsn．政治→political_adj.政治的→politiciann．政治家17．evidencen．證據(jù)→evidentadj.顯然的，清楚的→evidentlyadv.顯然地，明顯地18．concludev．得出結(jié)論→conclusionn．結(jié)論→conclusiveadj.結(jié)論性的；不容置疑的；確鑿的[語境活用]1．Asisknowntoall,educationisagradualprocess，andpeoplearegraduallyawareofitsimportance.(gradual)2．(2017·浙江高考)AliaBakerisalibrarianinIraq.Herlibraryusedtobeameetingplaceforallwholovedbooksandlikedtoshareknowledge.(library)3．Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.(evident)4．Thepoliticianisfondofpoliticsanddevoteshimselftotakingpartinpolitical_activities.(politics)5．MydeskmateLiHuawaselectedmonitorofourclass,hesaidaftertheelection,_thefirstthinghewoulddoistoenrichourstudents'after-classactivities.(elect)6．Thewomanburstintotearsinstantlytheheadmasterannouncedthatshewasthewinner.Atthatinstant,_shewantedtosaythankstoherparents.(instant)7．Shewantedtogainherfather'sapproval.Atlast,herfatherapprovedofherdecisiontogotothewesttoteach.(approve)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．instantlyadv.立即，馬上背詞條用法inaninstant馬上，立刻(通常用于將來時態(tài))foraninstant一會兒theinstant一……就……(引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句)背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Instantlywegottothefield,webegantopicktheoranges.我們一到田地，就開始摘桔子了。②TheinstantLangPingsteppedintothestadium,nobodycouldstayseated.郎平一踏進(jìn)體育場，所有的人都站了起來。2.approvev．贊成，同意，批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可背詞條用法(1)approvesth.批準(zhǔn)某事approveofsb.'sdoingsth.贊成/同意某人做某事(2)win/earnsb.'sapproval取得某人的同意，得到某人的贊許with/withoutapprovalof經(jīng)/未經(jīng)……的批準(zhǔn)背寫作佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldapprovemyapplication.如果您能夠批準(zhǔn)我的申請，我將非常感激。②Ifachildliveswithapproval,helearnstolikehimself.假如孩子生活在贊揚中，他就學(xué)會自愛。③(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Myteacherseldompraisesme,soIhavelongbeeneagertowinhisapproval.我的老師很少表揚我，所以我一直渴望得到他的贊許。3．commitmentn．投入，花費；承諾；交托；信奉；奉獻(xiàn)背詞條用法(1)makeacommitment做出承諾(2)commitanerror/acrime/suicide做錯事/犯罪/自殺commitoneselfto(doing)sth.專心致志于；承諾/保證(做)某事(3)becommittedto(doing)sth.承諾/全身心地投入(做)某事背寫作佳句①Changemovesustoaction—ifwearereallygoingtochange,wemustmakeacommitmenttochangewithaction.改變促使我們采取行動——如果我們真的要改變，我們必須承諾用行動來改變。②ItooktheCollegeEntranceExaminationandcommittedmyselftogettingintocollege.我參加高考，專心致志使自己考入大學(xué)。③Thegovernmentiscommittedtogreatlydevelopingeducationinthecountry.政府決心要大力發(fā)展本國的教育事業(yè)。4．consequencen．后果；結(jié)果背詞條用法(1)asaconsequence/result＝inconsequence因此，結(jié)果asaconsequence/resultof＝inconsequenceof因為……的緣故(2)take/accept/facetheconsequencesof承擔(dān)……的后果背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Asaconsequence,hewashighlythoughtofandwasawardedamedalforhiswork.因此，他受到高度贊揚，并因其工作而被授予獎?wù)?。②Thousandsofpeoplelosttheirlivesasaconsequenceofthebigearthquake.成千上萬的人因那場大地震而失去了生命。③Whenwedecidetodosomething,weshouldconsidertheconsequencesweshouldtake.當(dāng)我們決定做一件事情的時候，就要考慮到要承擔(dān)它的后果。5．conclusionn．結(jié)論，推論背詞條用法(1)cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion總而言之(2)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))從……中推斷出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.))以……結(jié)束……toconclude最后背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Fromhislesson,wecametotheconclusionthatitisnotdifficulttolearnEnglishwellifwefindagoodway.從他的課上我們得出結(jié)論，如果有了好的方法學(xué)好英語并不難。②(2019·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Inconclusion,IbelievethatyoucanbenefitalotfromtheChineseclassicalmusicconcert.總之，我相信你能從中國古典音樂會中受益匪淺。③Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying，“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”他以一句名言結(jié)束他的演講：“有志者，事竟成?！?五)背短語詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．have_a_say_on 對……有發(fā)言權(quán)2．behind_the_wheel 在駕駛汽車3．take_responsibility_for 對……負(fù)責(zé)4．no_doubt 毫無疑問5．tempt_somebody_to_do 吸引某人做6．in_the_act_of 正在(做某事)；當(dāng)場7．ponder_over 認(rèn)真思考，仔細(xì)考慮8．lay_aside 把……擱置一邊9．devote_oneself_to 致力于，獻(xiàn)身于10．a(chǎn)t_a_glance 一瞥，看一眼11．distinguish_...from 從……區(qū)分12．be_concerned_with 關(guān)心，關(guān)注13．close_at_hand 在附近；在觸手可及的地方14．be_pleased_to_do_sth. 高興，樂于做某事eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．haveasay有發(fā)言權(quán)背相關(guān)短語havesome/no/littlesayinsth.在某方面有些/沒有/幾乎沒有發(fā)言權(quán)havethefinalsay有最后的決定權(quán)haveone'ssay有機(jī)會充分發(fā)表意見asthesayinggoes正如俗話所說背寫作佳句①Kidsdobetterwhentheymakeplansthemselvesoratleasthaveasay.當(dāng)孩子們自己制定計劃，或至少有發(fā)言權(quán)，他們就能做得更好。②Asthesayinggoes,“Atruefriendisthebestpossession.”俗話說：“真正的朋友是最好的財產(chǎn)?！?．closeathand在附近；在觸手可及的地方背相關(guān)短語athand在手邊；即將到來byhand用手；靠手工onhand在手頭；現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)takesb.bythehand牽著某人的手give/lendsb.ahand幫某人忙背寫作佳句①Toimprovereading,you'dbetterkeepadictionarycloseathand.為了提高閱讀能力，你最好把詞典放在手邊。②(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Couldyoulendusahandtoreviseourshortplay？您能幫我們修改一下我們的短劇嗎？二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．ButIthinkI'malreadymatureenoughtounderstandthatdrivingacaralsomeanstakingresponsibilityformylifeandthelivesofotherpeople.[主語＋be＋adj.＋enough＋(forsb.)todo...]但是我覺得自己已經(jīng)足夠成熟，知道開車也意味著要對自己和他人的生命負(fù)責(zé)。佳句①(2019·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))Comparedwithschooluniforms,thetypicalChinesedressisspecialenoughtogiveauniqueChineseflavour.與校服相比，典型的中式服裝很特別，獨具中國特色。佳句②(2020·北京高考書面表達(dá))Iwonderifyou'dbekindenoughtogiveussomedetailedinformation,please？我想知道您是否能給我們提供一些詳細(xì)的信息？2．WhenIwokeupthenextday,therewerestillrulestoobeyandlessonstoattend.(therebe＋n.＋todo)第二天我醒來時，仍然有需要遵守的規(guī)則，需要參加的課程。佳句①Therearestillsomeproblemstosolveinmedicalscienceteaching,andhospitalmanagement.在醫(yī)學(xué)教學(xué)和醫(yī)院管理方面還存在一些問題需要解決。佳句②Ifthereismorecomplexinformationtodealwith,peoplewillbecomemoreconfused.如果有更復(fù)雜的信息需要處理，人們會變得更加困惑。3．IassumedI'dalreadyhaveawell-paidjobandthatI'dbemovingintoarentedapartmentassoonasIturned18,buthowwrongIwas!(賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略的情況)我以為我一到18歲就能有一份薪水不錯的工作，能搬進(jìn)自己的公寓，我是多么異想天開呀！佳句①Iknow(that)youareverykindandthatyoucanhelpme.我知道你很善良，你能幫助我。佳句②Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonadietandthattheymustsetasidesometimeforexercise.許多人已經(jīng)漸漸意識到他們應(yīng)該節(jié)食，必須留出一些時間來鍛煉。4.Butsincethegrown-upswerenotabletounderstandit,Imadeanotherdrawing...(since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)但由于大人們沒有看懂，我又畫了一幅……佳句①Sinceyouhaveatoothache,I'dratheryousawadoctor.既然你牙疼，我希望你去看醫(yī)生。佳句②Sinceourresearchsofarhasnotsolvedthisproblem,weneedtoadoptadifferentapproachtoit.由于我們的研究到目前為止還沒有解決這個問題，我們需要采取一種不同的方法。5．But,whoeveritwas,he,orshe,wouldalwayssay:“Thatisahat.”(whoever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)但是，不論這個人是誰，他(她)總是會說：“那是頂帽子?！奔丫洧賅hoeverweare,weallhaveweaknessesandstrengths.不管我們是誰，我們都有弱點和長處。佳句②Inordernottobedesertedbythesociety,whoeverweare,wemustrelatetothecallofthetimes.為了不被社會拋棄，不管我們是誰，我們都必須順應(yīng)時代的呼喚。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Aslongasyoukeeppractising,you'llsurelymakesteadyprogressinyourstudy.只要你堅持練習(xí)，你就一定會在學(xué)習(xí)上穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。2．FindingthatIfellbehindtheotherstudentsinmyclass,myEnglishteacherdidn'thesitatetohelpmeoutofthetrouble.英語老師發(fā)現(xiàn)我在班里落后了，便毫不猶豫地幫助我解決這個困難。3．EveryoneofyouisexpectedtobepartoftheeventwhichencouragescreativemindsandgivesfullplaytoyourDIYskills.期望你們每個人都成為這個活動的一部分，這個活動鼓勵創(chuàng)造性思維，并且可以讓你充分展示自己動手操作的技能。(二)背主題寫作——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”讀后續(xù)寫序列——身體動作之動“身”Ⅰ.常用句式1．Itossedandturnedinbed.Finally,Idriftedofftosleep.我在床上輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)，最終迷迷糊糊地睡著了。2．Shebeginsdancing,kickingherlegshighintheair.她開始跳舞，做了空中高踢腿動作。3．Shejumpedtoherfeetwhensheheardthenews.當(dāng)她聽到這個消息時，她跳了起來。4．Heateitall,andusedhissliceofwhitebreadtomopupthejuice.他吃完了，用他那片白面包把汁水抹干。5．Sheslidovertomakeroomashesatdown.當(dāng)他坐下時，她挪了挪身，騰出地方。6．Shedraggedherfeetasshereluctantlyfollowedherparents.她不情愿地跟在父母后面，磨磨蹭蹭地走著。7．MyfeetslippedasIwasabouttoshootandImissedtheball.當(dāng)我正要射門的時候腳下滑了一下，一腳踢空。8．Ashereacheddowntopickuphiscanteen,hefeltasuddenrushofdizzinessandputhishandsonhiskneestosteadyhimself.當(dāng)他伸手去拿水壺時，突然感到一陣眩暈，他把手放在膝蓋上穩(wěn)住自己。9．Hestoppedwritingashebecameawarethatsomebodywasreadingoverhisshoulder.他停止了寫作，因為他意識到有人在他身后閱讀。10．Stanleycouldseesomekidsdressedinorangeandcarryingshovelsdraggingthemselvestowardthetents.史丹利可以看到一些孩子穿著橙色的衣服，拿著鐵鍬拖著自己向帳篷走去。Ⅱ.精美語段1．Seeinghimuninjured,everyonesighedwithrelief.ThankstoGandalf,thelostboywasfoundbeforeitwastoolate.MishatouchedGandalfgently,sayingproudly,“You'regreat,boy！”看到他毫發(fā)無損，大家都松了一口氣。多虧了甘道夫(狗的名字)，我們才及時找到了失蹤的男孩。米沙輕輕地碰了碰甘道夫，驕傲地說：“孩子，你真了不起！”(點評：本段中sighedwithrelief,proudly等描寫了大家的擔(dān)心和自豪的心情。)2．Soon,theheavenlyscentfilledthecaragain.Momtriedtoconcealherexcitement,buttheglitteringtearsfailedher.Throughthistrip,Idiscoveredthat,despitemyoccasionalangertowardsher,Iactuallyfeltproudofher.很快，天堂般的香味又充滿了汽車。媽媽試圖掩飾她的激動，但晶瑩的眼淚使她無法辦到。通過這次旅行，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管我偶爾對她生氣，但我實際上為她感到驕傲。(點評：本段中concealherexcitement,glittering,anger,feltproudof等描寫了媽媽內(nèi)心的激動和“我”的自豪感。)學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Itisalsoavirtue(美德)toforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.2．Inadditiontomyweeklywage(工資),Igotalotoftips.3.Buyingahousecanbeaverytiresome(煩人的)business.4．Theycan'ttreatmelikethat;I'mnotgoingtoswallow(咽下)it.5．Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutine(習(xí)慣)andlifestyle.6.Ifyoucherish(珍愛)someoneorsomething,youtakegoodcareofthembecauseyoulovethem.7．Iputdowna$500securitydeposit_(押金)foranotherapartment.8．Thejudgefinedthemanandsuspendedhislicence(執(zhí)照)．9．Hewascryingoutinpainwhentheambulance(救護(hù)車)arrived.10．Theyareemotionallymature(成熟的)andshouldbehaveresponsibly.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Whichofthemislegally(legal)responsiblefortheaccident?2．Withtimegoingby,I_gradually(gradual)adaptedmyselftotheschoollife.3．Thereisagreatdealofevidence_(evident)indicatingthatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.4．(2019·江蘇高考)Suitable(suit)schooluniformscannotonlyshowgooddisciplinebutalsomakeuslookmoreactive.5.Duringhis_election(elect)campaignhepromisedtoputtheeconomybackonitsfeet.6．Keepyourdigestion(digest)workingwellbyeatingplentyoffibre.7．Willtheybeabletoresistthetemptation(tempt)tobuy?8．Thelibrarian_(library)saidthatImighthavethatbookforoneweek.9．Theideaswerenotnew.Theirdevelopmenthadproceededsteadily(steady)sincethewar.10．Franklyspeaking,selfishness(selfish)isnotastrangethingtoallofus.名師點撥“一站清”(1)tiresome：-some后綴表示“帶有或引起某種特性”，如：awesome“極好的”，handsome,darksome“陰暗的”等。(2)cherish表示“珍視，重視”，同義詞有：adore，value,treasure,worship等。(3)election的常用短語有：hold/conductanelection“舉行選舉”；carry/winanelection“贏得選舉，當(dāng)選”。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．instantly[明其義]adv.立即，馬上[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Igotintouchwithhiminstantly(instant)afterIreceivedtheparcel.②Thebirdsranawayinalldirectionstheinstanttheycaughtsightofamancomingnear.(2)完成句子③The_instant/The_moment/The_minute(一……就……)Isawthelookonmydad'sface,IknewIhadgiventheperfectgift.④Thebabyhasbeencryingallthetime,butin_an_instant(立刻)hermoodhaschangedwhensheseeshermother.[解其困]instantly既可以用作副詞，也可以作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。連詞immediately/directly/instantly和詞組theinstant，themoment，theminute，相當(dāng)于assoonas，意為“一……就……”。2．a(chǎn)pprove[明其義]v.贊成，同意，批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Mostmembersdon'tapproveofthissuggestion.②Bydoingwellatschoolhehopedtowinhisparents'approval(approve)．③Anewpolicywas_approved(approve)bytheMinistryofEducation.④Iapproveofyoutrying(try)tomakesomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.(2)完成句子⑤Finallymyparentsapproved_my_travel_plan.最后父母批準(zhǔn)了我的旅行計劃。[解其困]“同意某人做某事”應(yīng)用approveofsb.'sdoingsth.，注意不要漏掉of。3．consequence[明其義]n．后果；結(jié)果[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Asaconsequence,theycan'tconcentrateontheirstudyandtendtobesleepyinclass.②Consequently(consequent),sheunderstooditandbecameinterestedintraditionalChineseculture.③ThewarmingoftheEarthandtheconsequent(consequence)climaticchangesaffectusall.(2)完成句子④Today,as_a_consequence_of/in_consequence_of(由于)therapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnology,theappearanceofpeopleandtheirwayoflifehavebeenrevolutionarilychanged.⑤Theyoungshouldlearntotake/accept/face_the_consequences_of(承擔(dān)……的后果)theiractions.4．conclusion[明其義]n．結(jié)論，推論[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,besuretoconcludeitwithimportantpoints.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換②Weconcludethatshe'saverygreatwriter.→Wecome_to/arrive_at/draw/reach_a_conclusionthatshe'saverygreatwriter.(3)完成句子③To_conclude/In_conclusion,_walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.總而言之，散步是一種廉價、安全、有趣且易實施的鍛煉方式。[解其困]表示“總而言之”的其他表達(dá)還有：inshort,inbrief,inaword,allinall,tosumup,briefly(speaking),onthewhole等。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空bepleasedto，devoteoneselfto，beconcernedwith，nodoubt，intheactof，lay...aside，tempt...to...，ponderover，takeresponsibilityfor，distinguish...from...1.She_devoted_herself_to_herresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.2．They_are_concerned_withthetrainingcurriculum,butnotthedetailsofeachcourse.3．Thereisno_doubtatallthatwedidtherightthing.4．Thebeautifulsceneryofthemountain_temptedmetocontinueintothejungle.5.Hewascaughtin_the_act_ofstealingacar,whichsurprisedusgreatly.6.Andthentakesometimetoponder_overthebookasyoufallasleep.7．Hefinishedtheteaandlaidthecupaside.8．Thereissomethingaboutmusicthatdistinguishesitfromallotherartforms.9．Knowingthatyouareinterestedinthecontest,Iam_pleased_to_tellyoumoredetailsaboutit.10．Itisproperthatparentstake_responsibility_fortheirchildren'sattendanceatschool.名師點撥“一站清”(1)devoteoneselfto短語中to是介詞；表示“專心于；致力于”的短語還有：applyoneselfto；beabsorbed/engagedin;bedevotedto;belostin;focuson;concentrateon;fix/concentrateone'sattentionon等。(2)intheactof“正在做某事”，注意用冠詞“the”。(3)ponderover認(rèn)真思考，強調(diào)“深思熟慮”。同義短語的還有：givecarefulconsiderationto;thinkovercarefully等。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較byhandVSinhandVSathand比較①Helivesclose_at_hand.②Thegovernmenthasthesituationwellin_hand.③Untilthe1980salmostalloliveswerepackedintojarsby_hand.辨清byhand“用手工”；inhand“(工作等)在進(jìn)行中，待辦理；在控制中”；athand“在手邊，在附近，即將來臨”。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中behindthewheel的含義)①Therewasatrafficaccident.Thedrivermusthavefallenasleepbehindthewheel.在駕駛汽車②Withherbehindthewheel,thecompanybegantoprosper.主管③ThisisthefirsttimeI'vesatbehindthewheelsincetheaccident.在方向盤前[句式的驗收盤點]賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞that不可省略的情況[通其用]1．單句語法填空①Irealize(that)I'minchargeand_that_everybodyacceptsmyleadership.2．完成句子②Ithink,firstofall,that_we_must_believe_in_ourselves.我認(rèn)為，首先，我們必須對自己有信心。③Wehavemadeitclearthat_we_will_learn_todealwithvariousdifficultproblems.我們已經(jīng)表明，我們將學(xué)會處理各種難題。④Everybodycouldseewhathappenedandthat_Tom_was_frightened.大家都會看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道湯姆非常害怕。⑤Myunclesays(that)hehasservedherefortwentyyearsandthat_he_is_going_to_retirenextmonth.我叔叔說他在這兒工作已二十年了，下個月即將退休。[解其困]一般情況下，賓語從句中的that可省略，但下列情況下一般不能省略that：(1)當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上由that引導(dǎo)的從句在句中為并列賓語時，第一個從句的連詞that可省略，第二個或以后從句的連詞that則往往不省略。(2)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和主句之間有插入語時不可省略。(3)that從句作介詞的賓語時不可省略that。(4)當(dāng)it作形式賓語，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置時。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020全國卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解D篇——對接課標(biāo)主題：認(rèn)識自我，豐富自我，完善自我(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍(lán)體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,Ilivedout①adventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.[2]MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.[3]AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(來源)ofentertainment.eq\o(Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocal,\s\do4(1))library,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.[4]Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!Itwasaspecialtimetobond②withmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewonderment③ofbooks.[5]Now,IseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibraryandIlovethattheexcitementofgoingtothelibrarylivesonfromgenerationtogeneration.[6]Asanovelist,I'vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan'taffordtopurchaseabook.Iseelibrariesasasafehaven(避風(fēng)港)forreadersandwriters,abridgethathelpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.Libraries,intheirownway,helpfightbookpiracy(盜版行為)andIthinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan.Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequent④themandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①微積累——動詞＋out短語liveout 實踐；身體力行checkout (從圖書館等)借出；核實pickout 挑出；選出；辨別出通句式——句子(1)為主從復(fù)合句。其中it作形式主語，不定式“toloadupandgotothelocallibrary”作真正的主語；where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞thelocallibrary；短語agreatdeal意為“重要的事”。②微點撥——名詞動用：bondn．關(guān)系；聯(lián)系；紐帶v．增強(與某人的)信任關(guān)系③構(gòu)詞法——wonder派生詞wonderv．想知道；感到驚訝n．驚訝；驚奇wondermentn．驚奇，驚喜wonderfuladj.極好的；絕妙的④微點撥——形容詞動用：frequentadj.頻繁的v.常去，常到[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]32．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'srelationshipwithbooksasachild?A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.C．Inseparable. D．Casual.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild...throughthebooks”可知，小時候，作者與書是形影不離的。inseparable“不可分離的”，故選C。33．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A．Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B．Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.C．Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D．Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.解析：選B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞組前的“AsIgrewolder...thelibrarytookonanewplace”及下文的“Ihadseveralchildren...toreadtothem.”可知，在作者成為媽媽后，圖書館在她心里有了新的“地位”，作者的孩子也愛上了讀書，書成了她和孩子們互動娛樂的源泉。對他們來說，去圖書館讀書是件令人激動的事情。故anaddedmeaning應(yīng)是指“在作者家中傳遞的讀書的樂趣”。故選B。34．Whatdoestheauthorcallonotherwriterstodo?A．Sponsorbookfairs.B．Writeforsocialmedia.C．Supportlibraries.D．Purchasehernovels.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ithinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan”可知，作者呼吁其他作家以一種有意義的方式支持圖書館。故選C。35．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Reading:ASourceofKnowledgeB．MyIdeaaboutWritingC．Library:AHavenfortheYoungD．MyLoveoftheLibrary解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。閱讀全文可知，“l(fā)ibrary”是本文的線索，全文都是圍繞作者對圖書館的熱愛展開的。作者從小愛去圖書館，然后在圖書館工作，后來帶孩子去圖書館，最后號召大家支持圖書館。故D項符合題意。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第35題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維?？v觀本文，作者寫的是圖書館在她人生的不同階段帶給她的快樂和意義，由第一段的孩提時代到第二段的青少年時期，再到第三、四、五段為人母、祖母時期，都有圖書館的相伴，她在圖書館看書獲得了無盡的快樂，而這種快樂也在她的家族中代代傳承，也正是因為對于圖書館的喜愛，使得作者在文章最后發(fā)出支持圖書館的號召。所以，整篇文章都貫穿著作者對圖書館的喜愛。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小熱愛讀書，與圖書館結(jié)下了不解之緣，16歲時又去圖書館工作，長大為人母后又把這種對讀書的愛傳給自己的孩子。作為一名小說家，她鼓勵自己的讀者去圖書館，因為她看到了圖書館的特殊意義。文章旨在宣傳書和圖書館的魅力，號召大家支持圖書館，多讀書，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識自我，完善自我，重視閱讀，熱愛閱讀，通過讀書理解成長的意義與責(zé)任，進(jìn)而培養(yǎng)終身學(xué)習(xí)的意識，并通過讀書來改變?nèi)松?三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Actually,sheneverlosther_enthusiasm(enthusiastic)forteaching.2．Heisawonderful(wonder)companionandwecantalkforhoursonend.3．Thenewscausedgreatexcitement(excite)amongherfriends.4．Musicandlightingareusedtoencourageshoppersto_buy(buy)more.5．Busesrunfrequently(frequent)betweenthecityandtheairport.Ⅱ.主題語境寫作閱讀在我們的學(xué)習(xí)和生活中起著非常重要的作用，請你寫一篇小短文來介紹閱讀的好處。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Somepeoplesaythatmoneyisthebestthingintheworld.ButIconsiderreadingasthebestandthemostpreciousthingonecaneverhave.Readingisveryimportant.Firstofall,itisknowledgethatmakessocietydevelopandyoucangetallkindsofknowledgebyreadingbooks.Furthermore,readingmakesyouaqualifiedpersonandmakesyourlifeenjoyable.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Nomatterwhattimeyourealizetheimportanceofreading,youcanenjoyitduringtherestofyourlifetime.Lovebooks,fortheyareyourbestfriends.課下主題訓(xùn)練認(rèn)識自我，豐富自我，完善自我Ⅰ.閱讀理解ASpecialboxeslieatthebottomofmylockedfilingcabinet.Depositedthereareimportantlettersandcardscollectedthroughoutmylife,frommygrandparents,schoolfriends,parents,wifeandson.Sincetheinventionofe-mailthough,they'vebeenfewandfarbetween.TonightisNewYear'sEve2030andthere'saveryspecialboxoflettersIwanttolookat.Butfirstthere'ssomethingIhavetodo—TheRitual(慣例)．Igotomytrustedcomputerandstart.Ibegintotype：Dear—Ileavethenameblankfornow,anticipatingthethrilloftypingitin.“IhopeyouarewellandIwonderwhatyourlifeislike.AreyoustillplanningtomovetothatvillainPortugal？DidyoursonmarryFiona？Isyourmotherstillalive？”Questionssurgeintomymind.ForthenexttwohoursIsitwriting—aboutwhatI'vebeendoingforthelastyear,myfailinghealth,myincreasingwealthandmysometimedifficultmarriage;thenaboutmygoalsandambitions.Willhebeinterested？DoIclimbMt.Kilimanjaro？DoIgetthatnovelpublished？Theonethat'sbeenrejectedmoretimesthanIcaretothinkabout.Finally,it'sfinishedat11：30pm.Ifillintherecipient'sname,printmyletter,signandaddressitandthensealitupwithtape.Ithendeletethedocumentandemptythetrashfolder—toavoidthepossibilityoftemptation.Thatcompletestheritual!Iwalkovertomy“specialbox”．Itcontainstenlong,white,thickenvelopes,allwiththesamehandwriting.IplacetheoneIhavejustwritteninatthebackandtaketheoneoutatthefront.It'sdated2020,andlabelled“tobeopenedon31stDecember,2030”．Thecycleisfinallycomplete！Iopenit,tremblingwithanticipation.Ibegintoread,tearingupalittleasIdoso.Throughoutthelasttenlong,eventfulyears,oflife,death,joyandheartbreak,ithasbeenwaitingpatientlyinthisboxforme,thoughInowhavenomemoryofeverhavingwrittenit.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。2030年的除夕，在閱讀自己2020年寫給自己的信之前，“我”必須給未來的自己再寫一封信。在信中，“我”寫到了健康、財富、婚姻等，寫完后，“我”閱讀了2020年寫給自己的信……1．Whydoestheauthorreceivefewer“importantletters”thesedays?A．Hehasmovedfromhisoriginaladdress.B．Heisrarelyincontactwithhisfriendsandfamily.C．Peoplecommunicatewitheachotherlessoftenthanbefore.D．Electroniccommunicationhaslargelyreplacedphysicalletters.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，由于電子郵件的發(fā)明，作者收到的信件少了，故選D。2．Whodoestheunderlinedword“he”inParagraph4referto?A．Theauthorhimself.B．Theauthor'sson.C．Theauthor'sschoolfriend.D．Theauthor'sbookpublisher.解析：選A代詞指代題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段中的“thoughInowhavenomemoryofeverhavingwrittenit”可推知，作者是在給未來的自己寫信，該句中的he指作者自己，故選A。3．Whydoestheauthordeletethecompletedletterfromhiscomputer?A．Sothatnooneelsewillbeabletoreadit.B．Sothathewon'treaditaheadofschedule.C．Becausehedecidesatlastnottosendit.D．Becausehewantstoforgetwhathashappened.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第三句可知，作者刪除了文件并清空了垃圾文件夾以避免可能的誘惑；結(jié)合下文中作者閱讀2020年寫給自己的信可以推斷，作者刪除文件是為了防止自己禁不住誘惑提前閱讀信件，故選B。4．Howdoestheauthorfeelasheisabouttoopenhisspecialletter?A．Relieved. B．Moved.C．Excited. D．Afraid.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，作者在打開信時，因為期待而顫抖。由此可推知，作者在打開信時內(nèi)心很激動，故選C。BGrowingupinanItalian-Americanhouseholdwas,forme,prettyspecial.Mymother,Gina,animmigrantfromItaly,heldontosomanyofherfamily'straditionsthatattimes,regardlessofthefactthatIwaslivinginAmerica,ourhomefeltlikeinItaly.Tothisday,mymotheronlyspeakstomeinItalian.ShemayspeakinsomeEnglishtermsandexpressionsfromtimetotime,butourconversationsare,forthemostpart,inhermothertongue.Andmostofthoseconversationsareaboutfood.Forus,food—Italianfoodisanimportantpartofourlives.Thefoodmymotherpreparedformeandmysisteraschildrenisthesamefoodasmygrandmothercreatedinhersmallfarmkitchenhighupinthemountains.Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritageIamsuretolearnandperfectismymother'sarancinidiriso(Italianriceballs)．Arancini,inItalian,meanslittleoranges.Afteryourollsomeleftoverriceintoasmallball,placeapieceofmozzarella(莫澤雷勒干酪)inthecenter,thenbreadthatandfryit,thegoldenoutsideresemblesoneofourfavoritefruits.Formyfamily,italsoshowcasedmymother'sabilitytoalwaysfindadeliciouswaytoneverletanythinggotowaste：Lastnight'sgoodricewasrepurposedintothisperfectmid-daysnackordinnerappetizer.So,whenItakeaperfectlittlearancinioutofthehotoilandcrackitopen,Iamimmediatelytransportedbacktomychildhood：Iamalittlegirlgettingoffthebusandrunningthroughthebackdoortothesmelloflastnight'sricetransf