自考英語(yǔ)(一)Unit-04-(名師串講-含課文、生詞表、課后練習(xí)及答案)

./Unit4FriendsandFriendshipAFAMOUSQUOTEThebestwaytodestroyanenemyistomakehimafriend.——AbrahamLincoln摧毀敵人最好的辦法就是把他變成朋友。——亞伯拉罕·林肯AbrahamLincoln〔1809—1865,16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates〔1861—1865andAmericancivilwarleader.Hesuccessfullyledhiscountrythroughitsgreatestconstitutional,militaryandmoralcrisis—theAmericanCivilWar—preservingtheUnionwhileendingslavery,andpromotingeconomicandfinancialmodernization.HewasimmortalizedbyhisEmancipationProclamation,hisGettysburgAddress,andtwooutstandinginauguraladdresses.

亞伯拉罕·林肯,美國(guó)第16任總統(tǒng)〔任期：1861年3月4日－1865年4月15日美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。他成功地領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的國(guó)家度過(guò)了憲法、軍事和道德危機(jī)——南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)——在結(jié)束奴隸制的同時(shí)維護(hù)了聯(lián)邦的統(tǒng)一,促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融現(xiàn)代化。他的《解放黑奴宣言》、《底斯堡演說(shuō)》、還有兩篇杰出的就職演說(shuō)使他名垂千古。SpeakingActivityTalkingonthePhoneSampleDialogueReadthefollowingconversation.Payattentiontohowthespeakerstalkonthephone.Operator:Hello.Thisistheemergency911operator.

TaxiDriver:Help!Pleasehelpme!

Operator:Yes,sir.Pleasecalmdownandexplainexactlywhat'sthematter.

TaxiDriver:Calmdown!MycarhasbrokendownandIhavealadypassengerandshe'sgoingintolabor.

Operator:Nowrelax,sir.Explainexactlywhereyouare.

TaxiDriver:I'm…I'minthesouthboundlaneoftheLincolnExpresswayandtheladycan'twait.

Operator:Okay.What'syourname,sir,andyourpassenger's?

TaxiDriver:It's…It'sBob,andIhavenoideaaboutthewoman.She'sinnoconditiontotellme.

Operator:Okay.Nowwhereareyou?What'sthenearestlandmarkyoucansee?

TaxiDriver:Umm,Icanseegoldenarches…there'saMcDonald's.

Operator:Ok,I'vejustsentoffanambulance.Itshouldbethereanysecond.

TaxiDriver:Hey,isthereanythingIcandofortheladywhilewewaitfortheambulance?

Operator:Yes,uh,keephercalmandwarm.

TaxiDriver:Okay.Pleasehurry.…Oh,they'retoolate.…It'saboy!GuidedPracticeDirections:Giveaphonecalltothenearestrestaurantandorderatakeout.Supplyyourowninformation.Youmayusethefollowingtipstohelpyou.

Hello.Thisis…

Explainexactlywhereyouare.

What'syourname,sir/madam?

It's…

What'sthenearestlandmarkyoucansee?

Icansee…

Okay.Pleasehurry.TextANewWords1、kindergartenn.aschoolorclasstopreparechildrenagedfiveoryoungerforschool學(xué)前班；幼兒園

2、scrubv.tocleansomethingbyrubbingithard,perhapswithabrushandusuallywithsoapandwater擦洗；刷洗

3、upsetadj.unhappyordisappointedbecauseofsomethingunpleasantthathashappened不高興的；失望的

4、bickerv.toargueaboutthingsthatarenotimportant〔為小事斗嘴,爭(zhēng)吵

5、lifelongadj.lastingorexistingallthroughyourlife終身的；畢生的

6、siblingn.abrotherorsister兄；弟；姐；妹

7、fulfillmentn.〔Am.Etheactofdoingorachievingwhatwashopedfororexpected實(shí)現(xiàn)

8、frequentlyadv.often頻繁地；經(jīng)常

9、subtleadj.notverynoticeableorobvious不易察覺的；不明顯的；微妙的

10、favoritismn.〔AmEtheactofunfairlytreatingonepersonbetterthanothersbecauseyoulikethembetter偏愛；偏袒

11、bitternessn.thequalityorstateoffeelingangryandunhappybecauseyoufeelthatyouhavebeentreatedunfairly憤憤不平

12、constantlyadv.allthetime;repeatedly始終；一直,重復(fù)不斷地

13、teenagern.apersonwhoisbetween13and19yearsold〔13至19歲之間的青少年,青少年男女

14、bondingn.theprocessofformingaspecialrelationshipwithsomebodyorwithagroupofpeople人與人之間的關(guān)系〔或聯(lián)結(jié)

15、maidofhonorn.〔especiallyintheUSayoungwomanwhoisnotmarriedandwhoisthemainbridesmaidatwedding〔尤用于美國(guó)英語(yǔ),指未婚的首席女儐相,伴娘

16、apartmentn.asetofroomsforlivingin,usuallyononefloorofabuilding〔通常指在同一樓層的公寓套房PhrasesandExpressions1、onone'shandsandkneesonthefloor,withyourhandsandyourlowerlegsontheground趴在地上

2、younameitusedtosaytherearemanythingstochoosefrom凡你想得起的；不管什么

3、longfortowantsomethingverymuchespeciallyifitdoesnotseemlikelytohappensoon渴望

4、getalongtohaveafriendlyrelationship和睦相處,關(guān)系良好TextAPre-readingquestions1.Whatarethemostvaluablegiftsyouhaveeverreceived?

3.Whatsharedmemoriesdoyouhavewithyourbestfriends?

TheGreatestGiftWhenIwasachildIwasshockedattheideathatmysisterscouldbemybestfriends.Now,Iwouldn'thaveitanyotherway.

I'mfiveyearsold,andmymotherisonherhandsandknees,washingthekitchenfloor.I'mtellingheraboutanewgirlinschool,andshesuddenlylooksupatmeandsays,"Whoareyourtwobestfriends?"

I'mnotsurewhattosay.I'vebeenfriendswithJillsinceIwasthreeorso,andIreallylikeJaime,afriendinkindergarten.

"JillandJaime."

Mymotherstopsscrubbingthefloorandstartstotakeoffheryellowrubbergloves."Well,whataboutKarenandCindy?"

Mysisters?"Idon'tknowwhotheirbestfriendsare,"Isay.

"No,"shesays."I'msaying,whyaren'ttheyyourbestfriends?"

Sheseemsupset,asthoughIhavehurtherfeelings."Butthey'remysisters."

"Yes,buttheycanstillbeyourbestfriends.Friendsmaycomeandgo,butyoursisterswillalwaysbethereforyou."

Atthetime,theideaofmytwosistersbeingmyclosestfriendseemedstrangetome.Weusedtofightallthetimeovertoys,food,attention,whattowatchontelevision—younameit,webickeredaboutitatsomepoint.①Howcouldmysistersbemybestfriends?Weweren'tthesameage.Weallhadourownfriendsinschool.

Butmymotherneverletthethreeofusforgetit:sistersarelifelongfriends.Herwish—likemostparents'—wastogiveussomethingthatshehadneverhad.Growingupasanonlychild,shelongedforsiblings.Whenshegavebirthtothreedaughters—separatedbyonlyfouryears—thefulfillmentofherdreamhadonlyjustbegun.②Shehadgivenuseachagift—oursisters—andshewantedtomakesurewedidnottakethatgiftforgranted.Shewouldfrequentlytellushowluckywewere.Buttherewereother,moresubtlewaysthatsheencouragedustogrowcloser.Shenevershowedfavoritismtoonedaughterovertheother,soasnottocausejealousyorbitternessbetweenus.Sheconstantlytookusplacestogether—skating,shopping,swimming—sowedevelopedcommoninterests.Andwhenwewereteenagers,Momalwayspunishedusequally,givingusyetanotherbondingexperience.

Wedidn'talwaysgetalongbeautifullyandfoughtjustlikeanyothersiblings.ButsomewhereinbetweenMom'slectures,thefamilyvacationsandthesharedmemories,werealizedthatourmotherwasright.③TodayIsharethingswithmysistersthatIsharewithnooneelse.MysisterCindyandIrantheNewYorkCityMarathontogether,sidebyside,evenholdinghandswhenwecrossedthefinishingline.WhenmysisterKarengotmarried,Iwashermaidofhonor.CindyandItraveledthroughEuropetogetherandevensharedanapartmentfortwoyears.Thethreeofustrusteachotherwithourgreatestsecrets.

Itwastwenty-threeyearsagothatmymotherfirstaskedmewhomytwobestfriendswere.④Todayshedoesn'thaveto.Shealreadyknows.KeySentences1.Weusedtofightallthetimeovertoys,food,attention,whattowatchontelevision—younameit,webickeredaboutitatsomepoint.

我們從小一直為了玩具、食物、大人的關(guān)注、看什么電視節(jié)目而爭(zhēng)吵,凡是可以爭(zhēng)可以吵的,都吵過(guò)了。

2.Whenshegavebirthtothreedaughters—separatedbyonlyfouryours—thefulfillmentofherdreamhadonlyjustbegun.

母親在四年相繼生了我們?nèi)忝?她的夢(mèng)想也開始逐漸成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。

3.ButsomewhereinbetweenMom'slectures,thefamilyvacationsandthesharedmemories,werealizedthatourmotherwasright.

但是通過(guò)母親的教誨、家庭度假還有共享的回憶,我們意識(shí)到母親是正確的。

4.Itwastwenty-threeyearsagothatmymotherfirstaskedmewhomytwobestfriendswere.

自從母親第一次問(wèn)我誰(shuí)是我的兩個(gè)最好的朋友,已經(jīng)過(guò)去23年了。Notes1.Inthefirstpartofthisstory,presenttenseisusedtotellstoriesaboutpastevents.Thisphenomenoniscalledthehistoricalpresent.Linguistshavesometimessuggestedthatthismakesstoriesmorevividbybringingpastactionsintotheimmediatepresent.

2.TheNewYorkCityMarathonisamajorannualmarathon〔26.2milethatcoursesthroughthefiveboroughsofNewYorkCity.Itisoneofthelargestmarathonsintheworld.TheraceisorganizedbyNewYorkRoadRunnersandhasbeenruneveryyearsince1970.

3.Themaidofhonoristhechiefunmarriedwomanattendantofabride,usuallyasisterorclosefriendofthebride.

ExercisesⅠCheckingYourComprehensionDirections:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionfromtheinformationgiveninthepassage.

1."Thegreatestgift"inthetitlerefersto______.

Aapresentgiventoeachsisterwhenshewasborn

Bthetalenteachsisterwasbornwith

Cthematernalloveeachsisterreceived

Dtheintimaterelationshipbetweenthethreesisters[答疑編號(hào)1]

[答案]D

[解析]本題考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章題目的理解。通讀全文可知,文章的標(biāo)題即本文的主旨,再結(jié)合文章第十一段第五句,thegreatestgift即姐妹們之間的親密關(guān)系。答案為D。

2.WhenIsaidmysistersweren'tmybestfriends,mymotherappearedtobe______.

Aembarrassed

Bunhappy

Csympathetic

Dproud[答疑編號(hào)2]

[答案]B

[解析]文章第八段之前母女之間的談話,表明作者的姐妹不是她的好朋友,第八段中母親表明了她對(duì)此的態(tài)度是upset。Embarrassed尷尬的,sympathetic有同情心的,proud驕傲的,unhappy不高興的。答案為B。

3.Ididnotregardmysistersasmybestfriendsbecause______.

Aweconstantlygotintofights

Bwehadtotallydifferentworldviews

Cwesharednohobbiesandinterests

Dwelivedourlivesindifferentways[答疑編號(hào)3]

[答案]A

[解析]文章第十段第三句提出問(wèn)題——作者為什么不能與姐妹們成為好朋友,前兩句則對(duì)此進(jìn)行回答,即他們姐妹們之間總是fightallthetime。答案為A。

4.Mymotherseldom______.

Atoldushowfortunatewewere

Bencouragedustogetcloser

Cfavoredoneofusovertheothers

Dtookustodosportstogether[答疑編號(hào)4]

[答案]C

[解析]文章第十一段倒數(shù)第三句提到,shenevershowedfavoritismtoonedaughterovertheother,即她從不偏袒某個(gè)女兒。答案為C。

5.Assisters,wehave______.

AattendedMom'slecturestogether

Bgotmarriedonthesameday

CrentedanapartmentinNewYork

Dsharedourgreatestsecrets[答疑編號(hào)5]

[答案]D

[解析]作者在文章第十一段講述了姐妹們之間親密相處的情形,其中最后一句提到,Thethreeofustrusteachotherwithourgreatestsecrets,我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人之間彼此信任,擁有著屬于我們之間的偉大秘密。答案為D。ⅡBuildingYourVocabularySectionADirections:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectchoiceofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

1.VisitingDisneylandhas______aboyhooddream.〔fulfilled,fulfillment[答疑編號(hào)6]

[答案]fulfilled

訪問(wèn)迪斯尼樂(lè)園實(shí)現(xiàn)了童年時(shí)代的夢(mèng)想。

[解析]fulfillment,n.實(shí)現(xiàn)；fulfill,v.實(shí)現(xiàn)、履行〔諾言。注意本句的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案為fulfilled。

2.Thebusesrunless______onSunday.〔frequent,frequently[答疑編號(hào)7]

[答案]frequently

星期天公交車運(yùn)行來(lái)車較少?！舶啻晤l度較低

[解析]缺少副詞修飾run。frequent,adj.頻繁的、時(shí)常的；frequently是它的副詞形式。答案為frequently。

3.Physicalhealthisnotalwayseasily______frommentalhealth.〔separate,separable[答疑編號(hào)8]

[答案]separable

身體健康與心理健康不可輕易分開。

[解析]separate,adj.意為分離的,分開的；separable,adj.意為可分離的,可分開的。結(jié)合句意"體格健康和心理健康是不可輕易分開的。"可知,separable符合。答案為separable。

4.She'dsufferedterriblyovertheyearsbutithadn'tmadeher______.〔bitter,bitterness[答疑編號(hào)9]

[答案]bitter

這些年她吃了很多苦,但是沒(méi)有叫苦連天。

[解析]makesb.+adj.句型,讓某人……。bitter,adj.苦的、憤憤不平的；bitterness,n.憤憤不平。答案為bitter。

5.Thefridgekeepsfoodata______temperature.〔constant,constantly[答疑編號(hào)0]

[答案]constant

冰箱恒溫保鮮食品。

[解析]名詞temperature前缺少修飾它的形容詞。constant,adj.一直的、始終的；constantly,adv.一直地。constanttemperature指恒定的溫度。答案為constant。

6.Hehadalwaysbeenvery______ofhisbrother'sgoodlooks.〔jealous,jealousy[答疑編號(hào)1]

[答案]jealous

他過(guò)去總是妒忌他兄弟的相貌。

[解析]系表結(jié)構(gòu),缺少形容詞。jealous,adj.忌妒的；jealous,n.妒忌、猜忌。hadbeenjealous是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。譯文：他過(guò)去總忌妒他哥哥的長(zhǎng)相。答案為jealous。SectionBDirections:Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.③teenagerkindergarten①upsetsiblings

②scrubbed⑤favoritism④subtlelifelong1.Shewasvery______tohearthattheholidayhadbeencancelled.[答疑編號(hào)2]

[答案]upset

假期被取消了她很失望。

[解析]譯文：假期被取消的消息讓她很失望。系表結(jié)構(gòu),缺少形容詞。upset,adj.傷心的、失望的。答案為upset。

2.He______theoldsaucepanclean,anditlookedasgoodasnew.[答疑編號(hào)3]

[答案]scrubbed

他用力擦洗舊的平底鍋,看起來(lái)好像新的一樣。

[解析]譯文：他把舊平底鍋刷得干干凈凈,看上去像新的一樣。缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,注意時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。scrub表示用力地刷洗、擦洗。答案為scrubbed。

3.Asa______heattendedTulseHillSeniorHighSchool.[答疑編號(hào)4]

[答案]teenager

當(dāng)他13-19歲時(shí),在TulseHill高中學(xué)習(xí)。

[解析]譯文：在他青少年時(shí)期,他進(jìn)入TulseHill高中學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)句意,填入表示"人"的名詞。teenager,n.青少年。答案為teenager。

4.Itisa______argument,butveryconvincingwhenyouthinkaboutit.[答疑編號(hào)5]

[答案]subtle

這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有明顯結(jié)論的爭(zhēng)辯,但是當(dāng)你細(xì)想起來(lái)又覺得很可信。

[解析]譯文：這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有明顯結(jié)論的爭(zhēng)論,但是當(dāng)你認(rèn)真思考的時(shí)候,又會(huì)覺得它很可信。subtle意為敏感的、不易察覺的、不明顯的,可在此修飾中心詞arguement。答案為subtle。

5.Their______towardstheirfirstsonhurttheotherchildren.[答疑編號(hào)6]

[答案]favoritism

他們對(duì)大兒子的偏愛傷害了其他子女。

[解析]譯文：他們對(duì)第一個(gè)兒子的偏愛傷害了其他的孩子。本空應(yīng)填入名詞作為中心詞。favoritism意為偏愛、偏袒,符合題意。答案為favoritism。

6.Ihavefour______:threebrothersandasister.[答疑編號(hào)7]

[答案]siblings

我有四個(gè)兄弟姐妹：三個(gè)兄弟、一個(gè)姐妹。

[解析]譯文：我有四個(gè)兄弟姐妹——三個(gè)哥哥、一個(gè)姐姐。本題缺少賓語(yǔ),sibiling意為兄弟、姐妹,此處應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案為sibilings。SectionCDirections:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableword.

1.Theyweredeeplyshocked____herbehaviour.[答疑編號(hào)8]

[答案]at

他們對(duì)她的行為感到震驚。

[解析]譯文：他們對(duì)她的行為感到很震驚。beshockedat對(duì)……感到震驚,是固定搭配。答案為at。

2.Charliewastaking____hisshirtwhenthephonerang.[答疑編號(hào)9]

[答案]off

鈴響的時(shí)候,Charlie正在脫他的襯衫。

[解析]譯文：當(dāng)鈴聲響的時(shí)候,Charlie正在脫襯衫。takeoff是固定搭配,意為"脫掉"。答案為off。

3.Thebirdsinthegardenarefighting____apieceofbread.[答疑編號(hào)0]

[答案]over

公園里的小鳥們正在爭(zhēng)搶一片面包。

[解析]譯文：公園里的小鳥正在爭(zhēng)奪一片面包。fightover爭(zhēng)奪、爭(zhēng)吵,是固定搭配。fight

for為……而戰(zhàn)〔競(jìng)爭(zhēng),一般用于比較正式的語(yǔ)境。例如為民族、國(guó)家而戰(zhàn)等。本題的賓語(yǔ)

為apieceofbread〔一少塊面包,用over比較合適。答案為over。

4.Thechildrenarealwaysbickering____somethingorother.[答疑編號(hào)1]

[答案]about

孩子們總是在為這樣或者那樣的事爭(zhēng)吵。

[解析]譯文：孩子們有事沒(méi)事總是在爭(zhēng)吵。bickerabout為……爭(zhēng)吵,是固定搭配。答案為about。

5.Hewasaccusedof____favoritismtoparticularstudents.[答疑編號(hào)2]

[答案]showing

他因偏愛特殊的學(xué)生被投訴了。

[解析]譯文：他被投訴,說(shuō)他偏愛某些特殊學(xué)生。showfavoritismtosomebody偏愛、偏寵某人,是固定搭配。答案為showing。

6.Whenyou____thefinishingline,nomatterhowsloworfastyouare,itwillchangeyourlifeforever.[答疑編號(hào)3]

[答案]cross

當(dāng)你跨過(guò)終點(diǎn)線時(shí),無(wú)論你是多么快或多么慢,都將永遠(yuǎn)改變你的一生。

[解析]譯文：當(dāng)你越過(guò)終點(diǎn)線的時(shí)候,無(wú)論你是快還是慢,都將永遠(yuǎn)地改變你的人生?？崭裰械脑~在句子中作謂語(yǔ),因此應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞形式,crossthefinishingline越過(guò)終點(diǎn)線,符合題意。結(jié)合句意,此處應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去式。答案為cross。ⅢBridgingtheGapDirections:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.③fetch①horror⑦safety⑩alive⑨with

⑥r(nóng)eached④hardly⑤care⑧seriously②gunfireIntheFirstWorldWar,anEnglishsoldierwatchedin①ashislifelongfriendfellunder②.Aftertheattackhadfailedandeveryonehadretreated,thesoldierwenttoaskpermissionfromthelieutenant〔中尉togoand③hisfriendfromtheno-man's-land.[答疑編號(hào)4]

[答案]①horror②gunfire③fetch

[解析]①inhorror驚恐地,是介詞短語(yǔ),在句中修飾動(dòng)詞watch,同時(shí)根據(jù)空格后面句意,一生的好友死于炮火應(yīng)該是恐懼的事情。答案為horror。

②fallunder遭到……,后面接不好的事或物,根據(jù)前面的關(guān)鍵詞war可知,gunfire〔炮火符合題意。答案為gunfire。

③前文提到soldier看到他的戰(zhàn)友遭到炮轟倒下,因此撤退后他請(qǐng)示長(zhǎng)官去尋找戰(zhàn)友。and連接go及空格兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞,因此空格中應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的原形。答案為fetch。

Thelieutenantgavepermission,butadded,"It's④worthit.Yourfriendisprobablydeadandyoumaydietoo."[答疑編號(hào)5]

[答案]④hardly

[解析]④根據(jù)空格后面中尉的話,即soldier的朋友可能已經(jīng)棲牲,而且soldier也可能會(huì)犧牲,由此可知中尉的意思是不值得為了死人冒險(xiǎn),hardly幾乎不,符合題意。答案為hardly。

Thesoldierdidnot⑤aboutthedangerandmiraculously〔奇跡般地he⑥hisfriend,liftedhimonhisshouldersandstumbledback.Hewaswoundedintheprocess.[答疑編號(hào)6]

[答案]⑤care⑥r(nóng)eached

[解析]⑤由空格后面可知,soldier不顧危險(xiǎn)找到了戰(zhàn)友,notcareabout不在意、不關(guān)心,是固定搭配。答案為care。

⑥通過(guò)空格后面的關(guān)健詞lift以及stumbleback可知,soldier找到了戰(zhàn)友,即到達(dá)了戰(zhàn)友的身邊,reach到達(dá),符合題意。答案為reached。

Thelieutenanthelpedhimto⑦andnoticedthesoldier'sfriendwasdead.[答疑編號(hào)7]

[答案]⑦safety

[解析]⑦根據(jù)前面中尉的help以及后面的notice可知,中尉幫助soldier到達(dá)安全的地方后,然后注意到soldier的戰(zhàn)友已經(jīng)死了。safety此處意為安全的地方。答案為safety。

"I'msorryforyourfriend—butItoldyouitwasn'tworthit.Yourfriendisdeadandnowyouarealso⑧wounded."

"Ihavetodisagree⑨you.Itwasworthit",thesoldieranswered.

"Whateverdoyoumean?"thelieutenantasked.

"Itwasworthit",thesoldierrepeated."WhenIgottomyfriend,hewasstill⑩andsaid'Jim,Iknewyouwouldneverleaveme.'"[答疑編號(hào)8]

[答案]⑧seriously⑨with⑩alive

[解析]⑧空格中的詞修飾后面的動(dòng)詞wounded〔受傷,因此應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容傷勢(shì)的程度副詞。seriously嚴(yán)重地,符合題意。答案為seriously。

⑨根據(jù)空格后面soldier的回答——itwasworthit可知,soldier不同意中尉的觀點(diǎn),且disagreewith不同意某人,是固定搭配。答案為with。

⑩由空格后面的said可知,soldier的戰(zhàn)友在他到達(dá)時(shí)是活著的,且空格中的詞在句中作表語(yǔ)成分。alive活著的,符合題意。答案為alive。

[譯文]在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)時(shí),有一個(gè)英國(guó)士兵驚恐地看到他一生的好友倒在炮火中。在攻擊失利大家都撤退后,這個(gè)士兵請(qǐng)示他的長(zhǎng)官〔中尉要去無(wú)人地帶找回他的好友。

中尉允許他去,但加上一句："你幾乎不值得這樣做,你的朋友大概已經(jīng)死了而且你去了可能也會(huì)死。"

這個(gè)士兵不顧危險(xiǎn)奇跡般地找到了他的戰(zhàn)友,并把他扛在自己肩上跌跌撞撞地返了回來(lái)。在此過(guò)程中他受了傷。

中尉幫他到達(dá)安全地帶,并且注意到這個(gè)士兵的戰(zhàn)友已經(jīng)死了。

"我對(duì)你朋友的死表示遺憾——但是我告訴過(guò)你這不值得。你的朋友死了,現(xiàn)在你也受了重傷。"

"我不同意您的說(shuō)法,這樣做是值得的。"士兵回答道。

"你到底什么意思？"這個(gè)中尉問(wèn)道。

"這樣做是值得的,"士兵重復(fù)說(shuō)道。"當(dāng)我找到他的時(shí)候,他還活著并且對(duì)我說(shuō)：‘Jim,我知道你絕不會(huì)丟下我不管的?！?ⅣTranslationSectionADirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesinthebrackets.

1.Inoticed______〔他的態(tài)度發(fā)生了微妙的變化.〔subtle[答疑編號(hào)9]

[答案]thesubtlechangeinhisattitude

我注意到他的態(tài)度發(fā)生了微妙的變化。

[解析]"態(tài)度"可用attitude表示。微妙的變化即subtlechange。答案為thesubtlechangeinhisattitude。

2.Theypaycut______〔令員工十分憤懣.〔bitterness[答疑編號(hào)0]

[答案]causedgreatbitternessamongthestaff

他們消減工資令員工十分憤懣。

[解析]空格前面為因,后面為果,因此應(yīng)該用導(dǎo)致意思的短語(yǔ),cause導(dǎo)致,paycut工資消減。答案為causedgreatbitternessamongthestaff。

3.Shewas______〔趴在地板上到處尋找耳環(huán).〔onone'shandsandknees[答疑編號(hào)1]

[答案]lookingforherearringsonherhandsandknees

她趴在地板上到處尋找耳環(huán)。

[解析]onone'shandsandknees趴在地上,lookfor尋找,且根據(jù)前面的was可知,應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案為lookingforherearningsonherhandsandknees。

4.They__________〔渴望有機(jī)會(huì)訪問(wèn).〔longfor[答疑編號(hào)2]

[答案]longforanopportunitytovisitShanghai

他們渴望有機(jī)會(huì)訪問(wèn)。

[解析]longfor后接somebody/something或者longforsomebodytodo。答案為longforanopportunitytovisitShanghai。

5.Althoughatonepointtheirvoiceswereraised,theyseemedtobe_________〔相處融洽.〔getalong[答疑編號(hào)3]

[答案]gettingalongwellwitheachother

他們雖然在一點(diǎn)上提高了嗓音,但是看起來(lái)他們相互之間相處得還算融洽。

[解析]getalongwith與……相處融洽,是固定搭配。根據(jù)空格前面的be可知,get應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式getting。答案為gettingalongwellwitheachother。SectionBDirections:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Friendshipsareanimportantpartofaman'slife.Friendsarethoseyoucancountonwhenthechipsaredown.They'llbackyouupevenwhenthewholeworldisagainstyou.Friendsarethosewhowillbuyyouabeerorasodawhenyouloseajoboryourgirlfrienddumpsyou.Whilemalefriendshiplookslikeasimplerelationship,itshistoryisactuallyquiteinterestingandcomplex.Thevirtuesofdutyandloyaltyhaveremainedthesameguidingprinciplesinmalefriendshipsthroughouttime.[答疑編號(hào)4]

[參考譯文]友誼是一個(gè)人一生中最重要的一部分。朋友是你在緊要關(guān)頭可以依靠的人。甚至全世界都與你為敵時(shí),朋友會(huì)在你背后支持你。朋友是當(dāng)你失業(yè)了或者遭到女友拋棄時(shí),能給你買杯啤酒或打水的人。盡管男性朋友之間的友誼看起來(lái)好像是簡(jiǎn)單的關(guān)系,實(shí)際上它的歷史卻相當(dāng)有趣和復(fù)雜。忠誠(chéng)和負(fù)責(zé)的高尚美德在整個(gè)交往時(shí)期,仍然是男性友誼的經(jīng)久不變的指導(dǎo)準(zhǔn)則。ⅤOrganizingYourIdeasDirections：Putthefollowingsentencesintheproperordersothattheymakeacompleteparagraph.

1.Weneedtobeabletoshareourdeepestsecretswithsomeone,withoutworryingthatthosesecretswillendupontheInternetthenextday!

2.Faithfulnessandloyaltyarekeystotruefriendship.

3.Withoutthem,weoftenfeelbetrayed,leftout,andlonely.

4.Weallneedsomeonewithwhomwecanshareourlives,thoughts,feelings,andfrustrations.

5.Trustisessentialtotruefriendship.

6.Intruefriendship,thereisnobackbiting,nonegativethoughts,noturningaway.

7.Failingtobetrustworthywiththoseintimatesecretscandestroyafriendshipinahurry.[答疑編號(hào)5]

[答案]排列句子順序：5—4—1—7—2—3—6

[解析]首先通讀本篇小短文,掌握短文答疑即信任對(duì)真正友誼的重要性。然后根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞trust,faithfulness等可敘述順序可以確定順序。Ⅵ.ReflectingontheText

Asthesayinggoes,"Two'scompany,three'sacrowd."Whenwemakenewfriends,ourbestfriendmayfeelunhappy.Willyoustickwithyouroldfriendandgiveupmakingnewfriendsorwillyoudesertyouroldstubbornfriendandfindothergenerousfriends?Makeyourchoiceandstateyourreasons.[答疑編號(hào)6]

[參考譯文]俗話說(shuō)："兩人成伴,三人不歡。"當(dāng)我們結(jié)交新朋友時(shí),老朋友會(huì)覺得不高興。你是力求保住老朋友放棄結(jié)交新朋友,還是拋棄頑固的老朋友并找到其他慷慨大方的朋友？做出選擇并說(shuō)明原因。

[寫作思路]題目中給出了兩種寫作方向,學(xué)生可以從中擇一或者綜合二者的觀點(diǎn),下面列出簡(jiǎn)要的寫作提綱。

1.列出自己的觀點(diǎn)：要保持與舊朋友的關(guān)系,同時(shí)結(jié)交新的朋友。

2.當(dāng)問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)時(shí),自己如何處理。

〔1不能因?yàn)橛辛诵屡笥丫筒辉兕櫦膳f朋友〔neverforgetyouroldfriends,keepintouchwiththem。

〔2要與新朋友友好相處,增進(jìn)友誼〔getalongwellwithnewfriends,strengthenyourfriendship。

〔3可以讓新舊朋友也彼此相識(shí)成為朋友〔letoldandnewfriendsbecomefriends。

3.擴(kuò)大自己的朋友圈子,豐富生活,相互幫助。TextBNewWords1、claimv.tosaythatsomethingistruealthoughithasnotbeenprovedandotherpeoplemaynotbelieveit宣稱；聲稱；斷言

2、interruptv.tosayordosomethingthatmakessomebodystopwhattheyaresayingordoing插嘴；打擾；打岔

3、serenityn.afeelingofbeingcalmorpeaceful平靜；寧?kù)o；安詳

4、chucklen.tolaughquietly低聲輕笑；輕聲地笑

5、gaietyn.thestateofbeingcheerfulandfulloffun快樂(lè)；愉快；高興

6、scarceadj.ifsomethingisscarce,thereisnotenoughofitanditisonlyavailableinsmallquantities缺乏的；不足的；稀少的

7、preciousadj.valuableorimportantandnottobewasted寶貴的；珍貴的

8、vitaminn.anaturalsubstancefoundinfoodthatisanessentialpartofwhathumansandanimalseattohelpthemgrowandstayhealthy維生素

9、pumpkinn.alargeroundvegetablewiththickorangeskin南瓜

10、mangon.atropicalfruitwithsmoothyelloworredskin,softorangefleshandalargeseedinside芒果

11、papayan.tropicalfruitwithyellowandgreenskin,sweetorangeorredfleshandroundblackseeds番木瓜；〔俗稱木瓜

12、strikingadj.interestingandunusualenoughtoattractattention引人注目的；異乎尋常的；顯著的

13、standv.usedespeciallyinnegativesentencesandquestionstoemphasizethatyoudonotlikesomebody/something〔尤用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)不喜歡容忍,忍受

14、causen.anorganizationorideathatpeoplesupportorfightfor〔支持或?yàn)橹畩^斗的事業(yè),目標(biāo),思想

15、passionn.averystrongfeelingoflove,hatred,anger,enthusiasm,etc.強(qiáng)烈的情感；激情

16、poinsettian.atropicalplantwithlargeredorpinkleavesthatgrowtolooklikeflowers,oftengrownindoorsinpots一品紅；猩猩木

17、poppyn.awildorgardenplant,withalargedelicateflowerthatisusuallyred,andsmallblackseeds罌粟

18、chiefn.aleaderorrulerofapeopleorcommunity首領(lǐng)；酋長(zhǎng)；族長(zhǎng)

19、bishopn.aseniorpriestinchargeoftheworkoftheChurchinacityordistrict主教

20、authorityn.thepowertoinfluencepeoplebecausetheyrespectyourknowledgeorofficialposition權(quán)威；威信；影響力

21、indigon.verydarkblueincolour靛藍(lán)；靛青

22、determinationn.thequalitythatmakesyoucontinuetryingtodosomethingevenwhenthisisdifficult決心；果斷；堅(jiān)定

23、superficialadj.notconcernedwithanythingseriousorimportantandlackinganydepthofunderstandingorfeeling淺薄的；膚淺的

24、representv.tobeasymbolofsomething作為……的象征；象征；代表

25、reflectionn.carefulthoughtaboutsomething,sometimesoveralongperiodoftime沉思；深思；審慎的思考

26、twilightn.thefaintlightortheperiodoftimeattheendofthedayafterthesunhasgonedown暮色；薄暮；黃昏

27、boastv.totalkwithtoomuchprideaboutsomethingthatyouhaveorcando自夸；自吹自擂

28、convincedadj.〔~ofsth./that…completelysureaboutsomething堅(jiān)信；深信；確信

29、superiorityn.thestateorqualityofbeingbetter,moreskilful,morepowerful,greater,etc.thanothers優(yōu)越〔性；優(yōu)勢(shì)

30、startlingadj.extremelyunusualandsurprising驚人的；讓人震驚的

31、flashn.asuddenbrightlightthatshinesforamomentandthendisappears閃光

32、rollv.tomakealongcontinuoussound發(fā)出持續(xù)的聲音

33、boomv.tomakealouddeepsound轟鳴；轟響

34、relentlesslyadv.inawaythatisnotstoppingorgettinglessstrong不停地；持續(xù)強(qiáng)烈地；不減弱地

35、crouchv.toputyourbodyclosetothegroundbybendingyourlegsunderyou蹲；蹲下；蹲伏

36、comfortn.afeelingofnotsufferingorworryingsomuch;afeelingofbeinglessunhappy安慰；慰藉；寬慰

37、clamorn.〔AmEaloudnoiseespeciallyonethatismadebyalotofpeopleoranimals喧鬧聲；嘈雜聲；吵鬧

38、dominatev.tocontrolorhavealotofinfluenceoversomebody/something,especiallyinanunpleasantway支配；控制；左右；影響

39、uniqueadj.beingtheonlyoneofitskind唯一的；獨(dú)一無(wú)二的

40、stretchv.toputyourarmsorlegsoutstraightandcontractyourmuscles伸展；舒展

41、remindern.somethingthatmakesyouthinkaboutorremembersomebody/something,thatyouhaveforgottenorwouldliketoforget引起回憶的事物；提醒人的事物

42、appreciatev.torecognizethegoodqualitiesofsomebody/something欣賞；賞識(shí)；重視

PhrasesandExpressions

1、blowyourowntrumpettopraiseyourownabilitiesandachievements自吹自擂

2、bewillingtotobereadytodosomethingorhavenoreasonfornotdoingsomething愿意；樂(lè)意

3、inthemidstofwhilesomethingishappeningorbeingdone;whileyouaredoingsomething當(dāng)某事發(fā)生時(shí)；在某人做某事時(shí)TextBPre-readingQuestions1.Haveyoueverquarreledwithafriend?Howdidyouendup?

2.Whatexcellentqualitiesdoyoutakepridein?TheColorsofFriendshipOnceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.Eachclaimedthatitwasthebest,themostimportant,themostuseful,andthemostbeautiful.

Greensaid:"ClearlyIamthemostimportant.Iamthesignoflifeandofhope.Iwaschosenforgrass,treesandleaves.Withoutme,allanimalswoulddie.LookoverthecountrysideandyouwillseethatI'minthemajority."

Blueinterrupted:"Youonlythinkabouttheearth,butconsidertheskyandthesea.It'swaterthatisthebasisoflifeanddrawnupbythecloudsfromthedeepsea.①Theskygivesspaceandpeaceandserenity.Withoutme,youwouldallbenothing."

Yellowchuckled:"Youareallsoserious.Ibringlaughter,gaietyandwarmthintotheworld.Thesunisyellow,themoonisyellow,andthestarsareyellow.Everytimeyoulookatasunflower,thewholeworldstartstosmile.Withoutme,therewouldbenofun."

Next,orangestartedtoblowhertrumpet:"Iamthecolorofhealthandstrength.Imaybescarce,butIampreciousbecauseIservetheneedsofhumanlife.Icarrythemostimportantvitamins.Thinkofcarrots,pumpkins,oranges,mangoesandpapayas.Idon'thangaroundallthetimebut,whenIfilltheskyatsunriseorsunset,mybeautyissostrikingthatnoonegivesanotherthoughttoanyofyou."②

Redcouldstanditnolonger,soheshoutedout:"Iamtherulerofallofyou.Iamblood—life'sblood!IamthecolorofdangerandofbraveryIamwillingtofightforanoblecause.Ibringfireintotheblood.Withoutme,theearth,wouldbeasemptyasthemoon.Iamthecolorofpassionandoflove,theredrose,thepoinsettiaandthepoppy."

Purpledrewhimselfuptohisfullheight.Hewasverytallandspokewithgreatpride:"Iamthecolorofroyaltyandpower.Kings,chiefsandbishopshavealwayschosenmeforIamthesignofauthorityandwisdom.Peopledonotquestionme!Theylistenandobey."

FinallyIndigospoke,muchmorequietlythanalltheothers,butwithjustasmuchdetermination:"Thinkofme.Iamthecolorofsilence.Youhardlynoticeme,butwithoutmeyouwouldallbecomesuperficial.Irepresentthoughtandreflection,twilight,anddeepwater.Youneedmeforbalanceandcontrast,forprayerandinnerpeace."

Andsothecolorswentonboasting,eachconvincedofhisorherownsuperiority.③Theirquarrelingbecamelouderandlouder.Suddenlytherewasastartlingflashofbrightlightningand