2022野生動(dòng)物衛(wèi)星追蹤技術(shù)規(guī)程

野生動(dòng)物衛(wèi)星追蹤技術(shù)規(guī)程11范圍·····················································································································2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義············································································································4設(shè)備分類···············································································································5設(shè)備類型選擇·········································································································6設(shè)備重量要求·········································································································7設(shè)備續(xù)航要求·········································································································8設(shè)備環(huán)境適應(yīng)性······································································································8.1外殼防護(hù)·········································································································8.2高溫工作·········································································································8.3高溫儲(chǔ)存·········································································································8.4低溫工作·········································································································8.5低溫儲(chǔ)存·········································································································8.6濕熱···············································································································8.7振動(dòng)···············································································································8.8沖擊···············································································································8.9鹽霧···············································································································8.10靜電放電抗擾度······························································································9鳥(niǎo)類衛(wèi)星追蹤流程···································································································11122333333344444449.1工具準(zhǔn)備·········································································································49.2安裝人員要求及防護(hù)··························································································9.3個(gè)體準(zhǔn)備·········································································································559.4背包安裝方法···································································································59.5頸環(huán)安裝方法···································································································79.6腿環(huán)安裝方法···································································································810獸類衛(wèi)星追蹤流程·································································································910.1工具準(zhǔn)備·······································································································910.2安裝人員要求及防護(hù)························································································910.3個(gè)體準(zhǔn)備·······································································································10.4項(xiàng)圈安裝方法·································································································9911據(jù)集 1111.1數(shù)據(jù) 11I目 次前言 ⅢIIII1111定精要求 11采頻率 11野生動(dòng)物衛(wèi)星追蹤技術(shù)規(guī)程本技術(shù)規(guī)程適用于鳥(niǎo)類及獸類的衛(wèi)星追蹤。GB/T4208外殼防護(hù)等級(jí)（IP代碼）GB/T2423.12A：低溫GB/T2423.22B：高溫GB/T2423.32Cab2423.102Fc（）GB/T2423.52Ea2423.172Ka:鹽霧GB/T17626.2電磁兼容試驗(yàn)和測(cè)量技術(shù)靜電放電抗擾度試驗(yàn)鳥(niǎo)類環(huán)志技術(shù)規(guī)程（試行）2002下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。3.1野生動(dòng)物衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備Wildlifesatellitetrackingdevice用于動(dòng)物個(gè)體的電子設(shè)備，具有衛(wèi)星定位功能、通信功能以及提供所需要的其他信息的功能，如動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)速度、航向、飛行高度、體溫等信息。背包Backpack佩戴在鳥(niǎo)類和獸類背部的衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備。3.3頸環(huán)Neckring佩戴在鳥(niǎo)類頸部的衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備。3.4腿環(huán)LegringPAGEPAGE10PAGEPAGE3佩戴在鳥(niǎo)類腿部的衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備。3.5項(xiàng)圈Collar佩戴在獸類頸部的衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備。3.6定位精度定位精度是空間實(shí)體位置信息(通常為坐標(biāo)）與其實(shí)際位置之間的接近程度。定位精度分為A、B、C、D、E5個(gè)等級(jí)，各等級(jí)偏差范圍如表1所示。衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備定位精度的可信度為95％。表1定位精度等級(jí)等級(jí)A級(jí)B級(jí)C級(jí)D級(jí)E級(jí)偏差范圍≤5m5-10m10-20m20-100m100-2000m按佩戴部位將鳥(niǎo)類及獸類衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備分為背包、頸環(huán)、腿環(huán)及項(xiàng)圈。不同類型設(shè)備適用不同物種，如表2所示。表2不同類型設(shè)備適用的物種設(shè)備種類適用物種綱目科物種備注背包鳥(niǎo)綱潛鳥(niǎo)目、??目、鹱形目、鵜形目、鸛形目、鸻行目、鴨科、鸕鶿科、鷺科、鷸科、反嘴鷸科、蠣鷸科、企鵝科等。如：鴻雁（Ansercygnoides）、豆雁（Anserfabalis）、（Anser（Tadorna、（Anasplatyrhynchos）（Anaszonorhyncha）（Anas（Aythya（Phalacrocorax（Ardeacinerea）、大白鷺（Egrettaalba）、黑鹮（Pseudibis（Nipponia（Platalealeucorodia）、黑臉琵鷺（Plataleaminor）、白尾海雕（Haliaeetusalbicilla）（Buteohemilasius）、普通鵟（Buteobuteo）、毛腳鵟（Buteolagopus）、蒼鷹（Accipitergentilis）（Falcocherrug）、游（Falco（Vanellus、灰頭麥雞（Vanelluscinereus）、灰尾漂鷸（Tringabrevipes）、半蹼鷸（Limnodromussemipalmatus）、斑（Limosa（Limosa、NueisiuusNueisheps、Nueisaaacrenis（Nmns（Philomachus（Tringaertrps（rnagtier（rnanebularia）、反嘴鷸（Recurvirostraavosetta）、黑翅長(zhǎng)腳鷸（Himantopushimantopus）、蠣鷸（Haematopusostralegus）等。表2不同類型設(shè)備適用的物種（續(xù)）設(shè)備種類適用物種綱目科物種備注頸環(huán)鳥(niǎo)綱雁形目等。鴨科等。（Anser（Anseralbifrons）、（Anser（Anser、斑頭雁（Anserindicus）、大天鵝（Cygnuscygnus）、小天鵝（Cygnuscolumbianus）等。植食性、頸部較長(zhǎng)的鳥(niǎo)類等。腿環(huán)鳥(niǎo)綱鶴形目、鸛形目等。鶴科、鸛科等。如：灰鶴（Grusgrus）（Grusleucogeranus）、丹頂鶴（Grusjaponensis）（Grusmonacha）、白枕鶴（Grusvipio）（Grusnigricollis）、（Anthropoidesvirgo）（Ciconianigra）、（Ciconiaciconia）（Ciconiaboyciana）等。涉禽等。項(xiàng)圈哺乳綱食肉目、偶蹄目、靈長(zhǎng)目熊科麝科豬科牛科猴科等。如：虎（Pantheratigris）（Ursusarctos）、麋（Elaphurusdavidianus）（Cervusnippon）、原麝（Moschusmoschiferus）、野豬（Susscrofa）、斑羚（Naemorhedusgoral）（Trachypithecusfrancoisi）等。3100g5％。一年以上或根據(jù)追蹤對(duì)象與需求選擇。外殼防護(hù)等級(jí)符合GB/T4208IP67的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。設(shè)備在溫度為55℃時(shí)，能正常工作。高溫工作試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.2的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。設(shè)備在溫度為85℃時(shí)，能正常儲(chǔ)存。高溫儲(chǔ)存試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.2的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。設(shè)備在溫度為-40℃時(shí)，能正常工作。低溫工作試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.1的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。設(shè)備在溫度為-40℃時(shí)，能正常儲(chǔ)存。低溫儲(chǔ)存試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.1的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。濕熱409348hGB/T2423.3振動(dòng)設(shè)備承受振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)（試驗(yàn)條件見(jiàn)表3）后無(wú)結(jié)構(gòu)外觀變形和破損，并能正常工作。表3振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)條件頻率Hz加速度m/s2位移（峰值）mm試驗(yàn)時(shí)長(zhǎng)10～25/1.2每軸向2個(gè)掃頻循環(huán)25～5003/每軸向2個(gè)掃頻循環(huán)振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.10的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。沖擊150m/s211ms沖擊試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.5的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。鹽霧55p6.7.mg/0c21h的鹽霧試驗(yàn)按GB/T2423.17的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。2kVGB/T17626.2工具準(zhǔn)備見(jiàn)表4。表4安裝鳥(niǎo)類衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備工具序號(hào)工具名稱備注1綁帶防紫外線、耐磨、無(wú)彈性2速干膠水透明表4安裝鳥(niǎo)類衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備工具（續(xù)）序號(hào)工具名稱備注3醫(yī)用口罩、手套、防護(hù)服/4剪刀/5底扣防紫外線、耐磨、無(wú)彈性6金屬環(huán)扣/7環(huán)志鉗/8頭套/安裝人員需經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，安裝全程應(yīng)佩戴醫(yī)用手套、口罩，穿防護(hù)服。按照《鳥(niǎo)類環(huán)志技術(shù)規(guī)程》（試行）2002選擇健康鳥(niǎo)類，減少應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，科學(xué)佩戴追蹤器。步驟如下：1S1S2N1N2S1說(shuō)明：S1，S2—綁帶；N1，N2—綁帶結(jié)；K—底扣；E—衛(wèi)星追蹤設(shè)備。圖1背負(fù)式中準(zhǔn)備好的背包S1S1處滴速干膠，待膠水固化后剪斷多余綁帶。安裝如圖2所