管理學(xué)原理知識(shí)考試題庫

PAGEPAGE4Chapter1–IntroductiontoManagementandOrganizationsTrue/FalseQuestionsThefourcontemporaryfunctionsofmanagementareplanning,organizing,leading,andcontrolling.True(easy)Effectiveness（有效性）referstotherelationshipbetweeninputsandoutputs.False(moderate)Efficiencyisoftenreferredtoas"doingthingsright."True(moderate)Whenmanagersmeetorganizationalgoals,theyareefficientandeffective.False(difficult)AccordingtoMintzberg’smanagementroles,theinformationalroleinvolvesreceiving,collecting,anddisseminatinginformation.根據(jù)明茨伯格的管理角色，信息角色包括接收，收集和傳播信息。True(moderate)Technicalskillsbecomelessimportantasamanagermovesintohigherlevelsofmanagement.True(moderate)Thesystemsperspectiveunderscoresandemphasizesthefactthatorganizationsaredifferent,facedifferentcircumstances,andthusmayrequiredifferentwaysofmanaging.系統(tǒng)的角度突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了一個(gè)事實(shí)，組織是不同的，面對(duì)不同的情況，因此可能需要不同的管理方式。False(moderate)MultipleChoice_____________areorganizationalmemberswhointegrateandcoordinatetheworkofothers.a. Managers(easy)b. Teamleadersc. Subordinatesd. Operativese. AgentsTypically,inorganizationsitisthe_____________whoareresponsibleformakingorganizationaldecisionsandsettingpoliciesandstrategiesthataffectallaspectsoftheorganization.a. teamleadersb. middlemanagersc. first-linemanagersd. topmanagers(easy)e. subordinates_____________distinguishesamanagerialpositionfromanonmanagerialone.a. Manipulatingothersb. Concernforthelawc. Increasingefficiencyd. Coordinatingandintegratingothers'work(moderate)e. DefiningmarketshareWhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofadecisionalroleaccordingtoMintzberg?spokesperson(moderate)決策角色entrepreneurdisturbancehandlerresourceallocatornegotiatorWhichofthefollowingskillsaremoreimportantatlowerlevelsofmanagementsincethesemanagersaredealingdirectlywithemployeesdoingtheorganization’swork?humanskillstechnicalskills(easy)conceptualskillsempiricalskillsUnderstandingbuildingcodeswouldbeconsidereda_____________skillforabuildingcontractor.a. humanb. technical(easy)c. conceptuald. empiricale. functionalWhichofthefollowingphrasesisbestassociatedwithmanagerialconceptualskills?a. decision-making(easy)b. communicatingwithcustomersc. motivatingsubordinatesd. productknowledgee. technicalskillsAccordingtothetext,_____________arenotinfluencedbyanddonotinteractwiththeirenvironment.opensystemsclosedsystems(easy)flextimesystemsreversesystemsforwardsystemsThe_____________viewofamanager'sjobimpliesthatdecisionsandactionstakeninoneorganizationalareawillimpactotherareas.a. systems(moderate)b. contingencyc. conceptuald. functionale. environmentalWhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheconceptthatmanagementisneededinalltypesandsizesoforganizations,atallorganizationallevelsandinallorganizationalworkareas,andinallorganizations,nomatterwhatcountrythey’relocatedin?thepartialityofmanagementthesegmentationofmanagementtheuniversalityofmanagement(moderate)theculturesofmanagementScenariosandQuestionsTheBusyDay(Scenario)DonEskew,plantmanageratControlSystems,Inc.,sighedashesippedhisfirstcupofcoffeeat5a.m.andreadhisagendafortheday.Heisgivingtwocompanytoursinthemorning;thefirsttoanewspaperreporterwhoiswritingastoryonthenewplantexpansionandhasseveralquestions,andthesecondtoagroupofControlSystems,Inc.,managersfromtheeastcoast.Hethenhasameetingwithunitmanager,PhilJohnson,todiscussPhil'srecentdropinperformance(ataskhealwayshates).Next,heisspendingacoupleofhoursreviewingthetradejournalshereceivesfromhishigh-techassociationandwritingupabriefsynopsisforhispresentationnextweektotheDivisionPresident.Finally,inlateafternoon,hewillbereviewingthenewequipmentmalfunctionanddecidingwhethertobringinextrapeopletogettheequipmentrunningassoonaspossible.Whew!Justanotherdayintheglamorouslifeofamanager.Together,allofthesebehaviorsperformedbyDonduringhisbusydaycorrespondtothemanagementrolesdiscoveredinthelate1960sbywhichofthefollowingmanagementscientists?a. Herzbergb. Skinnerc. Mintzberg(easy)明茨伯格d. Fayole. MaslowWhenDonwasmeetingwithPhiltodiscusshisperformanceconcerns,hewasoperatinginwhichmanagementrole?a. leader(difficult)b. figureheadc. monitord. disturbancehandlere. spokesperson114. WhatrolewasDonperformingwhenhegavetheplanttourtothenewspaperreporter?a. monitorb. figureheadc. disseminatord. spokesperson(difficult)e. resourceallocator115. WhenDonwasreviewingthenewequipmentmalfunction,whatmanagementrolewasheplayingwhendecidingwhethertobringinextrapeople?a. monitorb. disseminatorc. resourceallocator(moderate)d. disturbancehandlere. figureheadEssayQuestionsInashortessay,discussthedifferencebetweenefficiencyandeffectivenessandincludeaspecificexampletosupporteachconcept.AnswerEfficiencyreferstogettingthemostoutputfromtheleastamountofinputs.Becausemanagersdealwithscarceinputs—includingresourcessuchaspeople,money,andequipment—theyareconcernedwiththeefficientuseofresources.Forinstance,attheBeiersdorfInc.factoryinCincinnati,whereemployeesmakebodybracesandsupports,canes,walkers,crutches,andothermedicalassistanceproducts,efficientmanufacturingtechniqueswereimplementedbydoingthingssuchascuttinginventorylevels,decreasingtheamountoftimetomanufactureproducts,andloweringproductrejectrates.Fromthisperspective,efficiencyisoftenreferredtoas“doingthingsright”—thatis,notwastingresources.Effectivenessisoftendescribedas“doingtherightthings”—thatis,thoseworkactivitiesthatwillhelptheorganizationreachitsgoals.Forinstance,attheBiersdorffactory,goalsincludedopencommunicationbetweenmanagersandemployees,andcuttingcosts.Throughvariousworkprograms,thesegoalswerepursuedandachieved.Whereasefficiencyisconcernedwiththemeansofgettingthingsdone,effectivenessisconcernedwiththeends,orattainmentoforganizationalgoals.(moderate)Inashortessay,listandexplainthefourbasicfunctionsofmanagement.AnswerPlanning–involvestheprocessofdefininggoals,establishingstrategiesforachievingthosegoals,anddevelopingplanstointegrateandcoordinateactivities.Organizing–involvestheprocessofdeterminingwhattasksaretobedone,whoistodothem,howthetasksaretobegrouped,whoreportstowhom,andwheredecisionsaretobemade.Leading–whenmanagersmotivatesubordinates,influenceindividualsorteamsastheywork,selectthemosteffectivecommunicationchannel,ordealinanywaywithemployeebehaviorissues,theyareleading.Controlling–toensurethatworkisgoingasitshould,managersmustmonitorandevaluateperformance.Theprocessofmonitoring,comparing,andcorrectingiswhatismeantbythecontrollingfunction.(moderate)Inashortessay,listanddiscussthethreeessentialskillsaccordingtoKatzthatmanagersneedtoperformthedutiesandactivitiesassociatedwithbeingamanager.AnswerTechnicalskills–includeknowledgeofanproficiencyinacertainspecializedfield,suchasengineering,computers,accounting,ormanufacturing.Theseskillsaremoreimportantatl