74-297-EEC(轉(zhuǎn)向裝置對駕駛員傷害)國外汽車行業(yè)標準萊茵技術(shù) 汽車行業(yè)標準

74/297/EEC關(guān)于協(xié)調(diào)各成員國有關(guān)機動車內(nèi)部安裝件(轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)撞擊時的性能)的相關(guān)法律發(fā)布的指令國家汽車質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗中心編譯萊茵技術(shù)（上海）有限公司北京辦事處

EN中文ConsolidatedTEXT統(tǒng)一文本producedbytheCONSLEGsystemoftheOfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室CONSLEG體系出版:—Numberofpages:44頁數(shù)：44頁OfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室

1974L0297—N—31.12.1911—001.001Thisdocumentismeantpurelyasadocumentationtoolandtheinstitutionsdonotassumeanyliabilityforitscontents?B COUNCILDIRECTIVEof4June1974ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotheinteriorfittingsofmotorvehicles(thebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact)(74/297/EEC)(OJL165,20.6.1974,p.16)Amendedby:OfficialJournal：Nopagedate?M1CommissionDirective91/662/EECof6December1991 L366 1 31.12.1991 共44頁第1頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001本文件純屬文件編制工具，有關(guān)機構(gòu)對其內(nèi)容不承擔任何責任。?B理事會指令1974年6月4日關(guān)于協(xié)調(diào)各成員國有關(guān)機動車輛內(nèi)部安裝(轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)撞擊時的性能)的法律(74/297/EEC)(OJL165,20.6.1974,p.16)由如下指令修訂： 公報: 編號頁碼日期?1991年12月6日委員會指令91/662/EEC L36611991年12月31日共44頁第2頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001BCOUNCILDIRECTIVEof4June1974ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotheinteriorfittingsofmotorvehicles(thebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact)(74/297/EEC)THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100thereof;HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission;HavingregardtotheOpinionoftheEuropeanParliament1);HavingregardtotheOpinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee();Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichmotorvehiclesmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelate,interalia,tothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact;WhereastheserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadopthesamerequirementseitherinadditiontoorinplaceoftheirexistingregulations;inorder,inparticular,toallowtheEECtype-approvalprocedurewhichwasthesubjectoftheCouncilDirectiveof6February19703)ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetypeapprovalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailerstobeappliedinrespectofeachtypeofvehicle;Whereascommonrequirementsforinteriorrear-viewmirrorshavebeenlaiddownbytheCouncilDirectiveof1March1971()andfortheinteriorfittingsofthepassengercompartment,thelayoutofthecontrols,theroofandbackrestandrearpartoftheseatsbytheCouncilDirectiveof17December1973);whereasotherrequirementswillbeadoptedsubsequentlyconcerninginteriorfittingsandrelatingtoanchoragesforsafetybeltsandseats,headrestraintsandtheidentificationofthecontrols;WhereasharmonizedrequirementsmustreducetheriskortheseverityofinjurieswhichmaybesufferedbythedriversofmotorvehiclesandtherebyensureroadsafetythroughouttheentireCommunity;Whereas,withregardtotechnicalrequirements,itisappropriatetoutilizethoseadoptedbytheEconomicCommissionforEuropeoftheUNOinitsRegulationNo12()(Uniformprovisionsconcerningtheapprovalofvehicleswithregardtotheprotectionofthedriveragainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofimpact)whichisannexedtotheAgreementof20March1958concerningtheadoptionofuniformconditionsofapprovalandreciprocalrecognitionofapprovalformotorvehicleequipmentandparts,1)OJNoC14,27.3.1973,p.18.2)OJNoC60,26.7.1973,p.13.3)OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.4)OJNoL68,22.3.1971,p.1.5)OJNoL38,11.2.1974,p.2.6)ECEGenevadocumentE/ECE/324/Add.11.共44頁第3頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001B理事會指令1974年6月4日關(guān)于協(xié)調(diào)各成員國有關(guān)機動車內(nèi)部安裝(轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)撞擊時的性能)的法律(74/297/EEC)歐洲共同體理事會，考慮到建立歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體的條約，尤其是該條約第100條；考慮到委員會的提議；考慮到歐洲議會的意見(1)；考慮到經(jīng)濟和社會委員會的意見(2)；鑒于機動車必須滿足各國有關(guān)法律規(guī)定的技術(shù)要求，特別是與轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)的沖擊性能有關(guān)要求；鑒于各成員國之間上述要求彼此不同；鑒于各成員國為此有必要采取統(tǒng)一的要求，添加或者取代其現(xiàn)有法規(guī)；以達到使歐共體型式認證程序用于每種車型之特殊目的，該型式認證程序是1970年2月6日的理事會指令(3)關(guān)于協(xié)調(diào)各成員國有關(guān)機動車及其掛車型式認證的相關(guān)法律的主題；鑒于在1971年3月1日（4）與1973年12月17日（5）的理事會指令中分別制訂了針對內(nèi)后視鏡和乘客艙內(nèi)部裝飾件、控制器的布置、車頂、座椅靠背和座椅后部要求；鑒于隨后將采用關(guān)于內(nèi)飾件、安全帶及座椅固定點、頭枕和控制器識別的技術(shù)要求；鑒于統(tǒng)一的要求必須能夠減少對機動車駕駛員傷害的風險或程度,并因而確保整個共同體的道路安全；鑒于采用聯(lián)合國歐洲經(jīng)濟委員會第12號法規(guī)（6）（關(guān)于就碰撞中防止轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)傷害駕駛員方面批準車輛的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定）的技術(shù)要求是適合的，此法規(guī)附屬于1958年3月20日關(guān)于對機動車輛裝備和部件采取統(tǒng)一認證條件并相互承認認證結(jié)果的協(xié)議書，(1)OJNoC14,27.3.1973,p.18.(2)OJNoC60,26.7.1973,p.13.(3)OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.(4)OJNoL68,22.3.1971,p.1.(5)OJNoL38,11.2.1974,p.2.(6)歐洲經(jīng)濟委員會的日內(nèi)瓦文件E/ECE/324/Add.11。共44頁第4頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001▼BHASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:Article1ForthepurposeofthisDirective,‘vehicle’meansanymotorvehicleincategoryM1

(definedinAnnexIoftheDirectiveof6February1970)intendedforuseontheroad,withorwithoutbodywork,havingatleastfourwheelsandamaximumdesignspeedexceeding25km/h,withtheexceptionofavehiclefittedwithforwardcontrolasdefinedin2.7ofAnnexI.Article2NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltypeapprovalofamotorvehicleongroundsrelatingtothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpactifthelattercomplieswiththerequirementslaiddowninAnnexesI,IIandIII.Article3NoMemberStatemayrefuseorprohibitthesaleorregistration,entryintoserviceoruseofanyvehicleongroundsrelatingtothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpactifthelattermeetstherequirementslaiddowninAnnexesI,IIandIII.Article4AMemberStatewhichhasgrantedapprovaltoavehicletypeshalltakethenecessarymeasurestoensurethatitisinformedofanymodificationtoanyofthepartsorcharacteristicsreferredtoinAnnexI,2.2.ThecompetentauthoritiesofthatMemberStateshalldeterminewhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutfreshtestsonamodifiedvehicletypeandtoprepareanewreport.WheresuchtestsrevealfailuretocomplywiththerequirementsofthisDirective,themodificationshallnotbegrantedEECtype-approval.Article5AmendmentswhicharenecessarytoadapttherequirementsofAnnexesI,II,IIIandIVtotechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13oftheCouncilDirectiveof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetypeapprovalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers.共44頁第5頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001▼B第1條在本指令中，‘汽車’系指擬在公路上使用的任何M1類(見1970年2月6日指令附件I中的定義)汽車，不論是否帶有車身，但至少要有四個輪子，最大設(shè)計速度在25km/h以上。附件I的2.7項所規(guī)定的平頭駕駛室的車輛除外。第2條如果符合本指令附件I、II和III的要求，各成員國都不得以車輛相撞后轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)的性能為由，拒絕批準歐洲共同體型式認證或國家型式認證。第3條如果符合本指令附件I、II和III的要求，各成員國不得以車輛相撞后轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)的性能為由拒絕或禁止任何車輛的銷售或注冊、投入運行或使用。第4條對批準某一車型型式認證的成員國，應(yīng)設(shè)法得知是否對附件I的2.2項所述的車輛任何部件或性能做了改動。各成員國的主管部門應(yīng)確定是否有必要對修改后的車型重新進行試驗和編寫新的報告。如果重新試驗表明車輛不符合本指令的要求，則不得對批準該修改。第5條為了適應(yīng)技術(shù)進步的要求，要按1970年2月6日理事會頒布的協(xié)調(diào)各成員國有關(guān)機動車及機動車掛車型式認證的相關(guān)法律的指令中第13條制定的規(guī)程對附件I、II、III和IV的有關(guān)規(guī)定進行必要的修正。共44頁第6頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001BArticle61.MemberStatesshallputintoforcetheprovisionsnecessarytocomplywiththisDirectivewithin18monthsofitsnotificationandshallimmediatelyinformtheCommissionthereof.2.MemberStatesshallensurethatthetextsoflegislativeprovisionswhichtheyadoptintheareagovernedbythisDirectivearecommunicatedtotheCommission.Article7ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.共44頁第7頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001B第6條1.在接到通知后，各成員國要在18個月內(nèi)實施符合本指令要求的必要規(guī)定，并將其內(nèi)容立即通知本委員會。2.各成員國要確保將在本指令管理領(lǐng)域內(nèi)所采納的立法規(guī)定文本送達給本委員會。第7條本指令發(fā)至各成員國。共44頁第8頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M1ANNEX1DEFINITIONS,APPLICATIONFORECTYPE-APPROVAL,ECTYPE-APPROVAL,SPECIFICATIONS,TESTS,CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION1.SCOPEThisDirectiveappliestothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismofmotorvehiclesofcategoryM1,andvehiclesofcategoryN1

withamaximumpermissiblemasslessthan1500kilograms,withregardtotheprotectionofthedriverinafrontalcollision.Attherequestofamanufacturer,vehiclesbelongingtoothercategoriesmaybeapprovedunderthisDirective.2.DEFINITIONSForthepurposesofthisDirective2.1. ‘Behaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact’meansthebehaviourofthismechanismundertheeffectofthreetypesofforce,ie:2.1.1.thoseresultingfromafrontalcollisionwhichmayproducedisplacementofthesteeringcolumntowardstherear;2.1.2.thoseduetothedriver'sheadinertiaintheeventofanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrolinafrontalcollision;2.1.3.thoseduetothedriver'sbodyinertiaintheeventofanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrolinafrontalcollision.2.2. ‘Vehicletype’meansacategoryofmotorvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:2.2.1.thestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterialsofthatpartofthevehicleforwardofthesteeringcontrol;2.2.2.themassofthevehicleinrunningorder,asdefinedinitem2.6ofAnnexItoDirective70/156/EECwithoutthedriver.2.3. ‘Steeringcontrol’meansthesteeringdevice,usuallythesteeringwheel,whichisactuatedbythedriver.共44頁第9頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M1附錄1定義，EC型式認證的申請，EC型式認證，技術(shù)要求，試驗和生產(chǎn)一致性1.范圍本指令適用于M1類機動車以及最大允許重量不大于1500kg的N1類車輛的轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)性能，它與駕駛員在正面碰撞時的安全保護有關(guān)。如果制造商提出要求，其它種類的車輛也可以按本指令認證。2.定義在本指令中2.1‘轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)的沖擊性’是指在三種力的作用下該機構(gòu)所具有的性能，即：2.1.1由正面碰撞所導(dǎo)致、使轉(zhuǎn)向柱可產(chǎn)生向后位移的那些力；2.1.2在正面碰撞中，駕駛員頭部慣性引起的對轉(zhuǎn)向控制器所產(chǎn)生的力；2.1.3在正面碰撞中，駕駛員身體慣性引起側(cè)對轉(zhuǎn)向控制器所產(chǎn)生的力；2.2‘車型’是指在以下主要方面不存在差異的機動車輛：2.2.1位于轉(zhuǎn)向控制器之前車輛部分的結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸、輪廓和材料；2.2.2在指令70/156/EEC中，由附件I的第2.6項所定義的車輛的行駛質(zhì)量。2.3‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器’是指轉(zhuǎn)向裝置，通常是指由駕駛員操作的方向盤。共44頁第10頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M12.4. ‘Steeringcontroltype’meansacategoryofsteeringcontrolswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsasthestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterials.2.5. ‘Approvalofasteeringcontrol’meanstheapprovalofasteeringcontroltypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriver'sheadandbodyagainstthesteeringcontrolintheeventofanimpact.2.6. ‘Approvalofavehicle’meanstheapprovalofavehicletypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriver'sheadandbodyagainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact.2.7. ‘Generalsteeringcontrol’meansasteeringcontrolwhichcanbefittedtomorethanonevehicletypewheredifferencesintheattachmentofthesteeringcontroltothesteeringcolumndonotaffecttheimpactperformanceofthesteeringcontrol.2.8. ‘Airbag’meansaflexiblebagthatisdesignedtobefilledwithagasunderpressure,andis:2.8.1designedtoprotectthevehicledriverinanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrol,and2.8.2inflatedbyadevicewhichisactuatedincaseofvehicle'simpact.2.9. ‘Steeringcontrolrim’meansthequasi-toroidalouterringinthecaseofthesteeringwheelusuallygrippedbythedriver'shandduringdriving.2.10‘Spoke’meansabarconnectingthesteeringcontrolrimtotheboss.2.11‘Boss’meansthatpartofthesteeringcontrol,usuallyatthecentre,that:2.11.1joinsthesteeringcontroltothesteeringshaft;2.11.2transmitsthetorquefromthesteeringcontroltothesteeringshaft.2.12.‘Centreofthesteeringcontrolboss’meansthatpointonthesurfaceofthebosswhichisinlinewiththeaxisofthesteeringshaft.2.13‘Planeofthesteeringcontrol’means,inthecaseofthesteeringwheel,theflatsurfacethatsplitsthesteeringwheelrimequallybetweenthedriverandthefrontofthevehicle.2.14‘Steeringshaft’meansthecomponentwhichtransmitstothesteeringgearhousingthetorqueappliedtothesteeringcontrol.2.15‘Steeringcolumn’meansthehousingenclosingthesteeringshaft.2.16‘Steeringmechanism’meanstheaggregatecomprisingthesteeringcontrol,thesteeringcolumn,theassemblyaccessories,thesteeringshaft,thesteeringgearhousing,andallothercomponentssuchasthosedesignedtocontributetotheabsorptionofenergyintheeventofimpactagainstthesteeringcontrol.2.17‘Passengercompartment’meansthespaceforoccupantaccommodationboundedbytheroof,floor,sidewalls,doors,outsideglazing,frontbulkheadandtheplaneoftherearseatbacksupport.2.18‘Impactor’meanstherigidhemisphericalheadform165mmindiameter,inaccordancewithAnnexIVparagraph3.2.19‘R-point’,meanstheseatingreferencepointdefinedinAnnexIIItoDirective77/649/EEC,asamendedbyDirective90/630/EEC.共44頁第11頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M12.4‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器類型’是指在結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸、輪廓和材料等主要方面不存在差異的某一類轉(zhuǎn)向控制裝置。2.5‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器認證’是指轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的型式認證，它與在發(fā)生碰撞時防止駕駛員的頭部和身體與轉(zhuǎn)向控制器相撞有關(guān)。2.6‘車輛認證’是指車輛的型式認證，它與發(fā)生碰撞時防止駕駛員的頭部和身體與轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)相撞有關(guān)。2.7‘通用轉(zhuǎn)向控制器’是指當轉(zhuǎn)向控制器與轉(zhuǎn)向柱在連接方式上的差異不影響轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的沖擊性能時可以在一個以上車型上安裝的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器。2.8‘安全氣囊’是指在設(shè)計上可以進行壓力充氣的柔性袋，并且:2.8.1在設(shè)計上可以防止駕駛員發(fā)生碰撞時與轉(zhuǎn)向控制器相撞，和2.8.2在車輛發(fā)生碰撞時通過某裝置充氣。2.9‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器輪緣’是指在用方向盤駕駛時駕駛員通常用手把握的準環(huán)形的外邊緣。2.10‘輪輻’是指轉(zhuǎn)向控制器邊緣與輪轂的連接桿。2.11‘輪轂’通常是指轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的中央部分：2.11.1它連接轉(zhuǎn)向控制器與轉(zhuǎn)向軸；2.11.2將轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的力矩傳遞給轉(zhuǎn)向軸。2.12‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器輪轂中心’是指輪轂表面與轉(zhuǎn)向軸的軸線在同一直線上的點。2.13.‘轉(zhuǎn)向控制器平面’是指在采用方向盤的車輛上將方向盤輪緣在駕駛員與車前部之間予以等分的平面。2.14.‘轉(zhuǎn)向軸’是指將作用在轉(zhuǎn)向控制器上的力矩傳給轉(zhuǎn)向器的部件。2.15.‘轉(zhuǎn)向柱’是指轉(zhuǎn)向軸的外套。2.16.‘轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)’是指由轉(zhuǎn)向控制器、轉(zhuǎn)向柱、附件、轉(zhuǎn)向軸、轉(zhuǎn)向器外殼以及所有其它部件(例如那些在設(shè)計上可在與轉(zhuǎn)向控制器相撞時吸收沖擊能量的部件)組成的整體。2.17.‘乘員艙’是指容納成員的空間，由頂蓋、地板、側(cè)圍、車門、玻璃窗、前壁板和后座靠背支撐板所構(gòu)成。2.18.‘人頭模塊’是指直徑165mm的剛性半球形頭模，見附件IV第3款。2.19.‘R-點’是指由指令77/649/EEC附件III所定義、指令90/630/EEC所修正的座位參考點。共44頁第12頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M13.APPLICATIONFORECTYPE-APPROVAL3.1Vehicletype3.1.1TheapplicationforECapprovalofavehicletypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriveragainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofimpactshallbesubmittedbythevehiclemanufacturerorbyhisdulyauthorizedrepresentative.3.1.2Itshallbeaccompaniedbytheundermentioneddocumentsintriplicateandthefollowingparticulars:3.1.2.1adetaileddescriptionofthevehicletypewithrespecttothestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterialsofthatpartofthevehicleforwardofthesteeringcontrol;3.1.2.2drawings,onanappropriatescaleandinsufficientdetail,ofthesteeringmechanismandofitsattachmenttothevehiclechassisandbody;3.1.2.3atechnicaldescriptionofthatmechanism;3.1.2.4themassofthevehicleinrunningorder;3.1.2.5evidencethatthesteeringcontrolhasbeenapprovedinaccordancewithitems5.2and5.3belowifapplicable.3.1.3Thefollowingshallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingapprovaltests:3.1.3.1avehicle,representativeofthevehicletypetobeapproved,forthetestreferredtoinitem5.1below;3.1.3.2atthemanufacturer'sdiscretion,withtheagreementofthetechnicalservice,eitherasecondvehicle,orthosepartsofthevehiclewhichareessentialfortestsreferredtoinitems5.2and5.3below.3.2Steeringcontroltype3.2.1TheapplicationforECapprovalofasteeringcontroltypeshallbesubmittedbythesteeringcontrolmanufacturerorbyhisdulyauthorizedrepresentative.3.2.2Itshallbeaccompaniedbytheundermentioneddocumentsintriplicateandthefollowingparticulars:3.2.2.1adetaileddescriptionofthesteeringcontroltypewithrespecttothestructure,thedimensionsandtheconstituentmaterialsofthesteeringcontrol;3.2.2.2drawings,onanappropriatescaleandinsufficientdetail,ofthesteeringmechanismandofitsattachmenttothevehiclechassisandbody.3.2.3Asteeringcontrolrepresentativeofthesteeringcontroltypetobeapprovedplus,atthemanufacturer'sdiscretion,withtheagreementofthetechnicalservice,thosepartsofthevehiclewhichareessentialforthetest,shallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingapprovaltests,forthetestsreferredtoinitems5.2and5.3below.共44頁第13頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M13.EC型式認證的申請3.1車型3.1.1有關(guān)在碰撞發(fā)生時防止駕駛員與轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)相撞的EC型式認證申請要由車輛制造商或其正式授權(quán)代理機構(gòu)申請。3.1.2下述文件一式三份以及以下各項要隨申請一起呈遞；3.1.2.1就車輛在轉(zhuǎn)向控制器前的結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸、輪廓和材料等方面對車型做出的詳細說明；3.1.2.2轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)及其與車底盤和車體連接的圖紙，圖紙應(yīng)比例適當，足夠詳細。3.1.2.3對該機構(gòu)的技術(shù)描述；3.1.2.4車輛的行駛質(zhì)量；3.1.2.5當適用時,轉(zhuǎn)向控制器已按以下的5.2條和5.3條進行過認證的證據(jù)。3.1.3要將以下各項呈遞給負責認證試驗工作的技術(shù)服務(wù)部門：3.1.3.1可代表待認證車型的車輛，以便進行下述5.1項所提及的試驗；3.1.3.2進行下述5.2和5.3項所提及的試驗所必需的第二輛車或者車輛的零部件，可由制造商選定，并經(jīng)過技術(shù)服務(wù)部門的批準；3.2轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的類型3.2.1轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的EC型式認證申請要由轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的制造商或其正式授權(quán)代理機構(gòu)呈遞。3.2.2下述文件一式三份以及以下各項要隨轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的EC型式認證申請一起呈遞：3.2.2.1就轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸和各部分材料等對轉(zhuǎn)向控制器類型所進行的詳細說明；3.2.2.2轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)及其與車底盤和車體連接的圖紙，圖紙應(yīng)比例適當，足夠詳細。3.2.3為了進行下述5.2和5.3項的試驗，要呈遞試驗所需的可代表轉(zhuǎn)向控制器類型的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器外加由制造商選定、并經(jīng)過從事認證試驗工作的技術(shù)服務(wù)部門批準的關(guān)鍵車輛零部件。共44頁第14頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M14.ECTYPE-APPROVAL4.1Theapprovalauthorityshallverifytheexistenceofsatisfactoryarrangementsforensuringeffectivecontroloftheconformityofproductionbeforetype-approvalisgranted.4.2Acertificateconformingtothemodelspecifiedin4.2.1or4.2.2shallbeattachedtotheECtype-approvalcertificate:4.2.1AnnexVAforapplicationsreferredtoin3.1;4.2.2AnnexVBforapplicationsreferredtoin3.2.5.SPECIFICATIONS5.1Whenthevehicle,inrunningorder,withoutamanikin,iscollision-testedagainstabarrierataspeedof48,3km/hthetopofthesteeringcolumnanditsshaftshallnotmovebackwards,horizontallyandparalleltothelongitudinalaxisofthevehicle,bymorethan12,7cminrelationtoapointofthevehiclenotaffectedbytheimpactand12,7cmvertically.5.2Whenthesteeringcontrolisstruckbyabodyblockreleasedagainstthiscontrolatarelativespeedof24,1km/h,inaccordancewiththeproceduresinAnnexIII,theforceappliedtothebodybythesteeringcontrolshallnotexceed1,111daN.5.3Whenthesteeringcontrolisstruckbyanimpactorreleasedagainstthiscontrolatarelativespeedof24,1km/h,inaccordancewiththeproceduresinAnnexIV,thedecelerationoftheimpactorshallnotexceed80gcumulativeformorethan3milliseconds.Thedecelerationshallalwaysbelowerthan120gwithCFC600Hz.5.4Thesteeringcontrolshallbedesigned,constructedandfittedinsuchawaythat:5.4.1Beforetheimpacttestrequiredinitems5.2and5.3nopartofthesteeringcontrolsurface,directedtowardsthedriver,whichcanbecontactedbyasphereof165mmindiametershallpresentanyroughnessorsharpedgeswitharadiusofcurvatureoflessthan2,5mm.5.4.1.1Afteranyimpacttestrequiredinitems5.2and5.3thepartofthesteeringcontrolsurfacedirectedtowardsthedrivershallnotpresentanysharporroughedgeslikelytoincreasethedangerorseverityofinjuriestothedriver.Smallsurfacecracksandfissuresshallbedisregarded.5.4.2Thesteeringcontrolshallbedesigned,constructedandfittedsoasnottoembodycomponentsoraccessories,includingthehorncontrolandassemblyaccessories,capableofcatchinginthedriver'sclothingorjewelleryinnormaldrivingmovements.5.4.3InthecaseofsteeringcontrolsnotintendedtoformpartoftheoriginalequipmenttheyshallberequiredtomeetthespecificationwhentestedinaccordancewithAnnexIII,item2.1.3andAnnexIV,item2.3.共44頁第15頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M14.EC型式認證4.1在進行型式認證前，認證部門要審核各項認證安排是否合格，以確保對生產(chǎn)的一致性進行有效控制。4.2在歐共體認證證明后要附上符合4.2.1或4.2.2所規(guī)定式樣的證書：4.2.1附件VA對應(yīng)3.1所提及的申請；4.2.2附件VB對應(yīng)3.2所提及的申請；5.技術(shù)要求5.1未安裝假人的整備車輛以48.3km/h的速度進行障礙碰撞試驗時，轉(zhuǎn)向柱的頂部及轉(zhuǎn)向軸相對于未受沖擊影響的車輛上的某一點沿水平和平行于車輛縱向軸線的方向向后移動以及沿垂直方向移動不超過12.7cm。5.2在按附件III的規(guī)程使轉(zhuǎn)向控制器受到以24.1km/h的相對速度釋放的人體模塊的沖擊時，轉(zhuǎn)向控制器作用在人體模塊上的力不得超過11110N。5.3在按附件IV的規(guī)程使轉(zhuǎn)向控制器受到以24.1km/h的相對速度釋放的人頭模塊的沖擊時，人頭模塊的減速度連續(xù)超過80g的時間必須小于3ms。CFC在600Hz時，減速度在任何時候都要低于120g。5.4轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的設(shè)計、制造和安裝應(yīng)滿足：5.4.1在進行5.2和5.3項所規(guī)定的沖擊試驗前，在直徑165mm的球體范圍內(nèi)可形成接觸的、朝向駕駛員的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器表面的任何部分都不得存在曲率半徑小于2.5mm的粗糙邊或銳邊。5.4.1.1在進行了5.2和5.3項所規(guī)定的沖擊試驗后，朝向駕駛員的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的表面部分不得存在任何有可能增加駕駛員的危險性或受傷程度的銳邊或粗糙邊。微小的表面裂縫可忽略不計。5.4.2轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的設(shè)計、制造和安裝不得使包括喇叭控制器和組裝件在內(nèi)的部件或附件在正常的駕駛操作中卡住駕駛員的衣服或首飾。5.4.3如果轉(zhuǎn)向控制器不擬作原始設(shè)備的組成部分，在按附件III的2.1.3項和附件IV的2.3項進行試驗時，它們必需滿足有關(guān)的規(guī)范要求。共44頁第16頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M15.4.4Inthecaseof‘generalsteeringcontrols’,therequirementsshallbemetover:5.4.4.1thefullrangeofcolumnangles,itbeingunderstoodthatthetestsshallbeperformedatleastforthemaximumandminimumcolumnanglesfortherangeofvehicletypesforwhichthecontrolsareintended;5.4.4.2thefullrangeofpossibleimpactorandbody-blockpositionsinrelationtothesteeringcontrol,itbeingunderstoodthatthetestshallbeperformedatleastforthemeanpositionfortherangeofapprovedvehicletypesforwhichthecontrolsareintended.Whereasteeringcolumnisused,itshallbeofatypecorrespondingtothe‘worstcase’conditions.5.4.5Whereadaptorsareusedtoadaptasingletypeofsteeringcontroltoarangeofsteeringcolumns,anditcanbedemonstratedthatwithsuchadaptorstheenergy-absorbingcharacteristicsofthesystemarethesame,allthetestsmaybeperformedwithonetypeofadaptor.6.TESTS6.1Compliancewiththerequirementsofitem5aboveshallbecheckedinaccordancewiththemethodssetoutinAnnexesII,IIIandIV.AllmeasurementsshouldbedoneonthebasisofISO6487-1987.6.2However,othertestsmaybepermittedatthediscretionoftheapprovalauthorityprovidedequivalencecanbedemonstrated.Insuchacaseareportshallbeattachedtotheapprovaldocumentationdescribingthemethodsusedandtheresultsobtained.7.CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION7.1InthecaseofanECapprovalofthevehicletype,inordertoverifyconformity,asufficientnumberofproductionsteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtorandomchecks.7.2InthecaseofanECapprovalofthesteeringcontroltype,inordertoverifyconformity,asufficientnumberofproductionsteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtorandomchecks.7.3Asageneralrulethechecksasaforesaidshallbeconfinedtothetakingofmeasurements.However,ifnecessary,thevehiclesorthesteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtothetestprescribedinitem5.共44頁第17頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M15.4.4對于“通用轉(zhuǎn)向控制器”，要在下述范圍內(nèi)滿足有關(guān)要求：5.4.4.1轉(zhuǎn)向管柱的全角度范圍,即至少要在轉(zhuǎn)向控制器適用車型中選取最大和最小角度位置進行測試；5.4.4.2人頭模塊和人體模塊相對轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的全位置范圍,即至少要對轉(zhuǎn)向控制器適用車型的平均位置進行測試。所選用的轉(zhuǎn)向管柱，應(yīng)對應(yīng)“最惡劣”情況的類型。5.4.5如果使用轉(zhuǎn)接器將一種類型的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器轉(zhuǎn)接到一系列轉(zhuǎn)向柱上，并且可以證明在使用不同轉(zhuǎn)接器時的系統(tǒng)能量吸收特性保持不變，則所有試驗都可以采用一種轉(zhuǎn)接器進行。6.試驗6.1要按附件II、III和IV給出的方法檢查是否符合上述第5項的要求。所有測量基于ISO6487-1987的要求進行。6.2此外，只要能證明等效性，認證機構(gòu)可以選擇其它試驗進行。這時需在認證文件的后面附上一份報告，說明所采用的試驗方法及試驗結(jié)果。7.生產(chǎn)的一致性7.1對于車輛的型式認證，為了檢驗一致性，要對足量的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器生產(chǎn)進行抽查。7.2對于轉(zhuǎn)向控制器的型式認證，為了檢驗一致性，要對足量的轉(zhuǎn)向控制器生產(chǎn)進行抽查。7.3作為一般規(guī)則，上述檢查僅限于取得測量值。如有必要，要按第5項的規(guī)定對車輛或轉(zhuǎn)向控制器進行試驗。共44頁第18頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M1ANNEXIIFRONTALIMPACTTESTAGAINSTABARRIER1.PURPOSEThepurposeofthistestistoverifywhetherthevehiclesatisfiestherequirementssetforthinitem5.1ofAnnexI.2.INSTALLATIONS,PROCEDUREANDMEASURINGINSTRUMENTS2.1TestinggroundThetestareashallbelargeenoughtoaccommodatetherun-uptrack,barrierandtechnicalinstallationsnecessaryforthetest.Thelastpartofthetrack,foratleast5mbeforethebarrier,shallbehorizontal(slopelessthan3%measuredoveralengthofonemetre),flatandsmooth.2.2BarrierThebarriershallconsistofablockofreinforcedconcretenotlessthan3mwideinfrontandnotlessthan1,5mhigh.Thebarriershallbeofsuchthicknessthatitsmassisatleast70tonnes.Thefrontfaceshallbeflat,verticalandperpendiculartotheaxisoftherun-uptrack.Itshallbecoveredwithplywoodboards19±1mmthick,ingoodcondition.Astructureonasteelplateatleast25mmthickmaybeplacedbetweentheplywoodboardandthebarrier.Abarrierwithdifferentcharacteristicsmaylikewisebyused,providedthattheareaoftheimpactsurfaceisgreaterthanthefrontalcrashareaofthevehiclebeingtestedandprovidedthatitgivesequivalentresults.2.3PropulsionofvehiclesAtthemomentofimpactthevehicleshallnolongerbesubjecttotheactionofanyadditionalsteeringorpropellingdevice.Itshallreachtheobstacleonacourseperpendiculartothebarrier:themaximumlateralmisalignmenttoleratedbetweentheverticalmedianlineofthefrontofthevehicleandtheverticalmedianlineofthebarrieris±30cm.2.4Stateofvehicle2.4.1Forthetest,thevehicleshalleitherbefittedwithallthenormalcomponentsandequipmentincludedinitsunladenkerbmassorbeinsuchaconditionastosatisfythisrequirementsofarasthecomponentsandequipmentofconcerntothepassengercompartmentandthedistributionofthemassofthevehicleasawhole,inrunningorder,areconcerned.Attherequestofthemanufacturer,notwithstandingitem5.1ofAnnexIthetestmaybecarriedoutwithmanikinsinposition,providedtheydonotatanytimehinderthemovementofthesteeringmechanism.Themassofthemanikinsshallnotbetakenintoaccountforthepurposesofthetest.2.4.2Ifthevehicleisdrivenbyexternalmeans,thefuelfeedsystemshallbefilledtoatleast90%ofitscapacitywithanon-flammableliquidhavingadensitybetween0,7and1.Alltheothersystems(brake-fluidreservoirs,radiator,etc)maybeempty.共44頁第19頁1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M1附錄II正面障礙壁碰撞試驗1.試驗?zāi)康谋驹囼灥哪康脑谟跈z驗車輛是否滿足附件I的5.1項的規(guī)定要求。2.試驗裝備、試驗規(guī)程和測量儀器2.1試驗場試驗場要有足夠的面積容納試驗所需的試車軌道、障礙壁和技術(shù)裝備。試車軌道的最后一部分（在障礙前至少要有5m遠），應(yīng)足夠水平(在一米長度上的測量傾斜度低于3%)、平坦和光滑。2.2障礙壁障礙壁是一個鋼筋混凝土砌塊，正面寬度不小于3m，高度不小于1.5m。障礙壁的厚度要使其自身重量至少達到70噸。障礙的正面要平坦、豎直并垂直于試車軌道的軸線。在障礙上要加蓋19±1mm狀態(tài)良好的膠合板。在膠合板和障礙壁之間的一塊厚度至少25mm的鋼板上可以設(shè)立一個構(gòu)筑物。同樣也可以采用具有不同特性的障礙，只要沖擊表面積大于受試車輛的迎面碰撞面積并且這樣做可以得出等效結(jié)果即可。2.3車輛的推動在發(fā)生沖擊的一瞬間，車輛不受任何其它轉(zhuǎn)向或推動裝置的作用。車輛將沿著垂直于障礙物的路線到達障礙物：車輛前部的豎直中位線與障礙的豎直中位線之間的橫向最大允許偏離度為±30cm。2.4車輛的狀態(tài)2.4.1為了進行試驗，或者要在車輛上安裝計入空載重量的所有正常部件和設(shè)備，或者車輛在乘客車廂的部件和設(shè)備以及車輛的總體重量分布要處于滿足這一要求的狀態(tài)。在制造商申請時，不論附件I的5.1項有什么要求，可以在設(shè)置人體模型的情況下進行試驗，只要人體模型在任何時候都不會阻礙轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)的運動即可。人體模型的重量應(yīng)不予考慮。2.4.2如果車輛是由外部裝置推動，燃料供給系統(tǒng)要加注至少相當于其容量90%、密度在0.7和1之間的不可燃液體。所有其它系統(tǒng)(制動器儲液罐、散熱器等)都可以留空。共44頁第20頁1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M12.4.3Ifthevehicleisdrivenbyitsownengine,thefueltankshallbeatleast90%full.Allotherreservoirsshallbefilledtocapacity.Ifthemanufacturersodesiresandthetechnicalserviceagrees,thefuelfeedtotheenginemaybeprovidedfromanauxiliarytankofsmallcapacity.Insuchcase,thefueltankshallbefilledtonotlessthan90%ofitscapacitywithanon-flammableliquidofadensitybetween0,7and1.2.4.4Ifthemanufacturersorequests,thetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingthetestsmayallowthesamevehicleasisusedfortestsprescribedbyotherDirectives(includingtestscapableofaffectingitsstructure)tobeusedalsoforthetestsprescribedbythisDirective.2.5SpeedonimpactThespeedonimpactshallbebetween48,3km/hand53,1km/h.However,ifthetesthasbeencarriedoutatahigherimpactspeedandthevehiclehasmettherequirementslaiddown,thetestshallbeconsideredsatisfactory.2.6MeasuringinstrumentsTheinstrumentusedtorecordthespeedreferredt