2021-2022學(xué)年山西師大實驗學(xué)校高二（上）第二次月考英語試卷（12月份）（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年山西師大實驗學(xué)校高二（上）第二次月考

英語試卷（12月份）

一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題，共45.0分)

A

Onthe100thanniversaryoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC),redtourismhasgained

popularityamongtouristswhofloodintovisithistoricsiteswithamodemrevolutionary

heritage.

Jinggangshan

ThisisoneofthemostcrucialandsplendidchaptersofhistoryofestablishingRedChinaas

wellasauniqueandwonderfulecosystem,whichiscoveredwithrichforest,ruggedpeaksand

severalmemorialstotheRedArmy.ThebesttimetovisitisbetweenAprilandOctober,with

themosttemperaturetimingAprilandMaywhenthelargeazaleas(杜鵑花)bloom.

Open：8：00-17：(X)(Feb.16-Nov.15).8：00-16：30(Nov.16-Feb.15)

Xibaipo

ItisanoldrevolutionarybasewheretheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinawas

stationed,drawinguptheblueprintforanewcountry.Amemorialhallwasbuilttohonorthe

memoryofthissite.Thelakeandthehillhereaddbrillianceandbeautytoeachotherandform

pleasantscenery.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays9：30-17：00(XibaipoMemorialHall)

TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall

Anewexhibitionisheldwithupdateddisplayapproaches,includingphantomimaging(全息

影像)andoilpainting,whichareusedtoimprovevisitors*experiences.Theexhibitionshows

fourstagesoftheCPCfromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.

Open：TuesdaystoSundays8：30-18：00(closedonMondays)

FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth

NewYouthstartedtheNewCultureMovementandspreadtheinfluenceoftheMayFourth

Movement.ThesitewasbrieflybasedinBeijingbutmovedbacktoShanghaiin1920andalso

servedastheofficefortheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteeinthe1920s.

Open：ThursdaystoTuesdays9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30(closedonWednesdays)

1.WherewouldvisitorslearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheRedArmy?

A.Jinggangshan.

B.Xibaipo.

C.TheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall.

D.FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth.

2.WhatdoweknowabouttheNanhuRevolutionaryMemorialHall?

A.ItfocusesonChineseachievementsinart.

B.Itmainlyadvertisesthecominganniversary.

C.Itappliesmodernizedmethodstotheexhibition.

D.ItbrieflyintroducestheriseandfallofNanhu.

3.WhencantouristsvisitFormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth?

A.At1：00p.m.onMondays.B.At9：00a.m.onWednesdays.

C.At2：00p.m.onFridays.D.At5：00p.monSundays.

B

JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasan

advocatefbrscientificandsocialrecognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,

GoldbergerwasaskedbyUSSurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaskindiseasethatwas

killingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thediseasewaspellagra（糙皮?。?

GoldbergertravelledtothestateofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.He

studiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcameto

believethatthediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.He

receivedpermissionfromthestategovernortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereoffered

pardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,mostlycorn

products.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroup

developedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot.

ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger'sidea.FortheSouth,pellagrawas

morethansimplyamedicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.

SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected（注射）withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Anassistant

alsotookpartintheexperiment.SodidGoldberger'swife.Noneofthemgotsick.

JosephGoldbergerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfifty-fiveyearsold.Severalyears

later,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra：alackofvitaminB3knownasniacin.

4.WhowerelikelytogetpellagraaccordingtoGoldberger?

第2頁，共22頁

A.PeopleinthesouthofAmerica.

B.Peoplehavingapoordiet.

C.Peopleinprison.

D.Peopletouchingpellagrapatients.

5.WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebytheexperimentmentionedinparagraph4?

A.Pellagrawasn'tsoterrible.

B.Pellagracouldbecured.

C.Pellagradidn'tspread.

D.PellagrawasnTamedicalproblem.

6.WhydidsomemedicalresearchersrefusetoacceptGoldberger'sidea?

A.Goldberger'sideasoundedridiculous.

B.Theyhavedonetheirownresearch.

C.Theresulthurttheirpride.

D.Goldbergerdidn'tdoenoughresearch.

7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGoldberger?

A.Selflessandfriendly.B.Devotedanddetermined.

C.Patientandexpert.D.Stubbornandenthusiastic.

c

Fordecades,wealthynationshavetransportedplasticwaste,andtheenvironmentalproblems

thatgowithit,topoorercountries,butresearchershavefoundapotentialbrightsideofthis

seeminglyunequaltrade.

Inastudy,researchersanalyzed11yearsofdataontheglobalplasticstradeagainsteconomic

measuresfor85countries.Theyfoundthattheimportofplasticwastewasassociatedwith

growthinGDPinthelow-incomecountries.Theystressedthatplasticwasteisstillabig

problem,especiallyfordevelopingcountries,asthemajorityofitdoesn*tgetrecycledandeven

plasticsthatarerecycledstillfinallynegativelyaffecttheenvironment.

Forthestudy,researchersanalyzeddatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldBanklookingat

severaleconomicvariablesaswellastradeinformationoncommonplasticwaste.Whilethey

foundanassociationbetweeneconomicbenefitsandplasticwasteimportsinthelow-income

countries,forthehigh-incomecountriestherewasnoassociationbetweenimportingwasteand

economicgrowth.

Whilethestudydidn'tassessexactlyhowtheplasticwastewasmadeuseofinthedeveloping

countries,theauthorsnotethatit*slikelythey'rerecyclingsomeoftheplasticforusein

industry.Therewasalsosomeevidencethatthelow-incomecountriesweretradingtheplastic

wasteamongthemselvesregionally.

Theresearchersstressedthatthereismuchcomplexityinglobaltradingofplasticwaste.Inthe

future,theyplantoinvestigatetheregionaltradeamongcountriesaswellaschangesinmore

recentyears.Evenwiththeeconomicbenefitsofimportingplasticwaste,reducing

environmentalharmfromplasticswouldstilllikelyrequirechangesfrombothhigh-income

countriesandlow-incomecountries.

"Somepeoplemightarguethatdevelopedcountriesneedtocreatemorewaystobetterprocess

plasticwasteathome,insteadoflookingforotherdestinationsforplasticwasteabroad,"oneof

theresearcherssaid."SomecommunitiesintheUnitedStatesmaydowellinrecyclingplastic

waste,butinothers,thereisstillroomfbrimprovement.Producingandusinglessplasticwould

beanotherwaytoreduceenvironmentalharm."

8.Howdoesmostimportedplasticwasteendupindevelopingcountries?

A.Beingunrecycled.

B.Beingrepurposed.

C.Beingsoldrepeatedly.

D.Beingprocessedscientifically.

9.Whatdidthestudyfailtofocuson?

A.Howcomplextheglobaltradingofplasticwasteis.

B.Howdevelopingcountriesusetheimportedplasticwaste.

C.Whetherdevelopingcountriestradeplasticwastewitheachother.

D.Whetherhigh-incomenationsbenefitfinanciallyfromimportingplasticwaste.

10.Whatdotheresearcher'swordsinthelastparagraphimply?

A.Moreeffectivewayshavebeenfoundtohaveplasticwasteprocessed.

B.Plasticshouldbecompletelybannedforenvironmentalprotection.

C.Developedcountriesshouldhelppoorercountriesprocessplasticwaste.

D.ThedegreetowhichplasticwasteisrecycledvariesgreatlyacrossAmerica.

11.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RecyclingPlasticWasteStillHasaLongWaytoGo

B.PlasticWasteDoesPlayanImportantRoleintheGlobalTrade

第4頁，共22頁

C.PlasticWasteHasSomeEconomicBenefitsforDevelopingCountries

D.DevelopedCountriesShiftEnvironmentalHarmbyExportingPlasticWaste

D

YourWeak-TieFriendshipsMatterFornearlytenyears,IhavespentmyMondayevenings

attendingrehearsalsformyamateurchoir（合唱隊）.Mondaysarenotmyfavoriteday,andI

oftenarriveinabadmood,butbytheendoftherehearsal,!usuallyfeelenergized.Thesinging

doesmegood.Sodothepeople.Withafewexceptionsjwouldnotdescribemyfellowchoir

membersasclosefriends.Weexchangebriefchats,smilesandjokes一butthatisenoughfor

metocomeawayfeelingalittlebetterabouttheworld.

Thereisnochoirpracticenow,andwon'tbeforalongtime.Imissit.Inlockdown,!donotfeel

shortonemotionalsupport,butIdofeelshortoffriendlyfacesandcasual

conversations.AnotherwayofputtingthisisthatImissmy"weakties.*'

In1973,MarkGranovetter,asociologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,publishedapaper

entitled"TheStrengthofWeakTies."Untilthen,scholarshadassumedthatanindividual's

well-beingdependedmainlyonthequalityoftheirrelationshipswiththeirclosefriendsand

family.Granovettershowedthatquantitymattered,too.Hecategorizedaperson'ssocialworld

as"strongties"and"weakties."Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewideas,weaktiesaremore

importanttousthanstrongones.AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalkto

swiminthesamepoolofinformationaswedo.WedependonacquaintancesC相識的人）whom

weseeinfrequentlytobringusnewsofopportunities.

ThiswastheideabehindthePixarbuilding,thedesignofwhichwasoverseenbySteve

Jobs.Thebuildinghasalargecentralhallthroughwhichemployeesfromdifferentdepartments

havetopassseveraltimesaday.Jobswantedcolleaguestobumpintoeachotherandshootthe

breeze（閑聊）.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireup

creativity.

Encounterswithweaktiescanbegoodforourmentalwell-being,too.GillianSandstrom,a

seniorlecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofEssex,investigatedtheextenttowhichpeople

gethappinessfromweak-tierelationships.Shefoundthatondayswhenapersonhadagreater

numberofcasualinteractionswithweakties-say,alocalbarista（咖啡師）,aneighbor,a

memberofyogaclass-theyexperiencedmorehappinessandagreatersenseofbelonging.

Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,during

lockdownandbeyond.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-style

interactionswithourstrongties.Thegoalistoletothersknowthatyouarethinkingofthem

withoutaskingforagreatdealoftime,energyorattention.

12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthearticle?

A.Shehasbeenakeensingerfromanearlyage.

B.ShefindsherMondayworkdaysquitedifficult.

C.Shebarelyknowsmostofherfellowchoirmembers.

D.Shehastroublemaintainingfriendshipsduringlockdown.

13.AccordingtoMarkGranovetter,it'slesslikelyfbryoutogetnewideasfromyour''strong

ties"mainlybecauseyoutendto.

A.havethesameconcerns

B.avoidconflictsofinterests

C.seeeachothertoofrequently

D.beexposedtosimilarfactsandideas

14.WhatisthefunctionofthecentralhallinPixarbuilding?

A.Ithelpsstaffbuildfriendship.

B.Itallowsstafftohaveabreak.

C.Itencouragestafftomeetandchat.

D.IthelpsJobscommunicatewithstaff.

15.WhatdoesSandstromwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Wecandevelopweaktiesintostrongties.

B.Weshouldspendmoretimewithstrongties.

C.Weshouldbalanceweaktieswithstrongties.

D.Wecanapplycasualinteractionstostrongties.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共15.0分)

Everyonemayhaveagoodunderstandingofsleep,butdoyouthinkyouknoweverythingabout

sleep?(1).

11Days

(2).Somepeopleoversleepaboutanhourortwo,butitdoesn'tgenerallygobeyondthat.Welljt

mightbeinterestingtoknowthattheworldrecordholderforsleepingis11days!

WeightbySleep

Thisoneisprettystrange,butgettingasufficientamountofsleepcanhelpyouloseweight.⑶，

第6頁，共22頁

whichmakesabigdifferenceifyouaretryingtoloseormaintainyourweight.Makesureyou

turnoffthelights,keepthetemperatureinyourroomcoohandgetcomfortablesheetsto

promotegoodsleep.

(4L

Sufficientsleeppromotesgoodbloodcirculation,helpsyoucontrolyourmood,andyouknowit

canhelpmonitoryourappetite.ltisnosurprisethatastudyshowsthatyoucanincreaseyour

lifeexpectancybysimplygettinghigh-qualitysleeping.

Hopefully,someofthesefactshelpyoulearnmoreaboutsleepandwhyitisalittlemore

interestingthanyoumighthavethoughtbefore.(5),soyoucangettothebottomofthe

problemandregainyourabilitytosleepwell.

A.Longevitywithsleep

B.Themoresleepyouget,thelongeryouwilllive

C.Finallyifyouhavemoreinformationaboutfacts

D.Whenitcomestosleep,mostpeoplegetabout8hoursofsleep

E.Next,somecraziestfactsaboutsleepwillbeintroducedtoyou

F.Thishappensbecausesleepingreducesyourappetitebywhopping45percent

G.Keepinmindthatsleepingwellmeanssleepingafulleighthoursandalwayssleepingatthe

sametimeeverynight

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共40.0分）

JustTwentyHoursItwasfreshmanyearofcollege.Inworldhistoryclass,myprofessorjust

droppedabombshell.30%ofourfinal(21)wouldbebasedonanassignmentthatwasgoingto

takeatleasttwentyhourstocomplete.The(22)?Communityservice.Theprofessoralsosaid

thatwhatcouldhappeninthosetwentyhoursmightsurpriseus.

Somestudentsinmyclass(23).Iwasn'tparticularlyannoyedbytheassignment,(24)Iwas

tryingtofigureouthowIwouldfindthetime.Iwasgoingtoschoolonlypart-timebecauseI

wasworkingfull-timetopayforcollege.I(25)shrugged(聳肩)myshouldersandthought"I'm

justgoingtohavetomakeitwork."

Afterdoingsomeresearch,!foundanafter-schooltutoringprogramforkidsinaformer

elementaryschool.Ifinishedmy(26),andaweeklatergotaphonecallsayingthatIhad

been(27)withafourth-gradeboynamedSteven.

Hewassmall(28)hisage,woreglassesandwasaHarryPotterfan.Hewasalittle(29)forthe

firstfewweeks,butitwasobvioushewasabrightboy.Hedidn'tneeda(30)asmuchashe

neededafriend；itseemedthathisclassmatesmostlyignoredhim.

We(31)twiceaweekfortwohours,soitonlytookmefiveweekstocompletethe(32)hoursfor

myclass.WhenIstarted,!only(33)tocompletetherequiredhoursfbrmyassignment.Butwhen

thehoursweredone,Irealizedhowsmalla(34)ithadbeenformetotutorSteven.Istillhad

enoughtimetodomyschoolworkandmyfull-timejob.Butmostimportantly,!liked

Steven.AndIcouldtellthathehadalreadygrown(35)tome.

Astheendoftheschoolyearapproached,Stevenstartedtogetalittle(36).1askedhimwhy.He

said,"Becausewhentheschoolyearisover,Iwon'tseeyouanymore."Ithenrealizedthathe

hadbecomesomuchmorethanjustakidIspenttimewithtocompleteaclassrequirement.He

(37)meofmyownlittlebrother,whomIdidn*tseeenough.ltwastimeto(38)that.

Istartedgoingonweekly(39)withmybrother,watchingmoviesorhavingdinners...Andsure

enough,inlessthanayearwebecamemuchmorethanjustbrothers.Wearebestfriends

now.Myprofessorwas(40)：alotcanhappeninjusttwentyhours.

21.A.workB.decisionC.gradeD.essay

22.A.assignmentB.appointmentC.programD.professor

23.A.complainedB.laughedC.criedD.cheered

24.A.soB.andC.orD.but

25.A.graduallyB.suddenlyC.eventuallyD.immediately

26.A.homeworkB.paperworkC.projectD.class

第8頁，共22頁

27.A.involvedB.comparedC.leftD.paired

28.A.ofB.forC.underD.over

29.A.quietB.generousC.activeD.curious

30.A.partnerB.brotherC.tutorD.classmate

31.A.talkedB.metC.greetedD.phoned

32.A.privateB.enjoyableC.magicD.necessary

33.A.declaredB.intendedC.agreedD.hated

34.A.sacrificeB.punishmentC.rewardD.contribution

35.A.attachedB.committedC.relatedD.addicted

36.A.excitedB.depressedC.surprisedD.scared

37.A.warnedB.informedC.remindedD.convinced

38.A.takeB.startC.doD.change

39.A.hikesB.walksC.datesD.trips

40.A.helpfulB.fairC.sincereD.right

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.WhenZhangLingshanwasachild,shewouldwatchtheChineseperioddramaPalaceon

television,attractedbythecharacters*ancientclothing.Shedidn'tknowwhatthese

beautifulclothes(1)(call)-onlythattheywerefromsome⑵(distance)past.nThey

lookedfairy-1ike,dreamy,ushesaid."Iwas⑶(complete)drawnbythebeautyofthese

clothes,andtheneventuallycametounderstandthecultureofHanfu,andIlikeditmore

andmore.'1

Nowagednineteenand(4)(live)inBeijing,Zhangis(5)memberofChina'sgrowing

"hanfumovement'1-arenaissance(復(fù)興)oftheancientclothingtraditionallywornby

ethnic-majorityHanChinesebeforetheQingdynasty.Tight-knitHanfucommunitiesand

universityclubsoftenmeetforthemedactivities.Zhangandherfriendssometimesvisit

placeswithancientarchitecture,!ikeBeijing*sForbiddenCity,(6)emperorsoncelived,to

take⑺(photo)incostumeandpostthemonsocialmedia.Theyhavemorethan20,

000fanswhooftenaskthem(8)morepictures.

Nowadays,Hanfuisseenasaway(9)(celebrate)Chinesecultureandimprovenational

self^esteem.Inthepastfewyears,Hanfuclubsandsocialmediaplatforms(10)(help)

tobringtheHanclothingbackunderthespotlight.MIt'stheconfidenceoftheyounger

people,theconfidenceofthecountry,"saidChristineTsui,afashioncolumnistand

researcherinShanghai.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題，共10.0分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下而寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Theotherday,IwasinvitedmyfriendSam'shomefordinner.IfeltabitsurprisingwhenI

sawBillthere.Itwastwomonthsincewetwohadquarreled,soIwasembarrassedand

didn'tknowhowtodo.IsatdownonthesofabutbegantowatchTV.Later,Samcameto

askmetomakeupwithBill.UntilthenIrealizethatSamhadarrangedthedinneron

purpose.HewentuptoBillandgreetedhimwarmly,smileathim.Helookedverbhappy

andtalkedwithmeexcited.Thatnight,wehadgreatfuntogether.

六、書面表達(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

43.假定你是李華，你的加拿大朋友Zack來郵件告訴你說，他未能通過“朗誦唐詩”選

拔賽thetryoutfor"TangPoetryRecitalContest"o請你用英文給Zack寫一封慰問郵

第10頁，共22頁

件，主要內(nèi)容包括：

1、點明得知的情況；

2、表達理解和安慰；

3、鼓勵對方。

注意：

I、詞數(shù)100左右；

2、可以適當(dāng)增加情節(jié)和連貫語。

(1)

(2)

(3)

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、C

【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段themostcrucialandsplendidchaptersofhistory

ofestablishingRedChinaaswellasauniqueandwonderfulecosystem,whichiscoveredwith

richforest,ruggedpeaksandseveralmemorialstotheRedArmy.

這是建立紅色中國歷史上最重要、最輝煌的篇章，也是一個獨特而奇妙的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，它

覆蓋著茂密的森林、崎嶇的山峰和幾座紅軍紀(jì)念碑?？芍?，想要了解紅軍歷史，可以前

往井岡山，故選A。

（2）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Anewexhibitionisheldwithupdateddisplay

approaches,includingphantomimaging（全息影像）andoil

painting,whichareusedtoimprovevisitors'experiences.Theexhibitionshowsfourstagesof

theCPCfromitsestablishmenttoitsachievements.

一個新的展覽以最新的展示方式舉行，包括全息影像展覽展示了中國共產(chǎn)黨從成立到取

得成就的四個階段?？芍?，該展覽運用了現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，故選C。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FormerSiteoftheEditorialDepartmentofNewYouth

介紹內(nèi)容。pen：ThursdaystoTuesdays9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30（closedon

Wednesdays）.開放時間：周四至周二9：00-11：30,13：30-16：30（周三休息）。

可知，游客可以在星期五下午2點去游覽該地方，故選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要向讀者介紹了建黨100周年時，一些紅色旅游景點重

新受到人們的關(guān)注，后文對其特點進行了說明。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】B、C、C、B

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcame

tobelievethatthediseasedidn'tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood."

（大多數(shù)人過著艱苦的生活。醫(yī)生開始相信這種疾病并不是從一個傳染到另一個，而是

與食物有關(guān)）以及"Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot."

（第一組的成員患了糙皮病。第二組沒有）可知，Goldberger認為糙皮病與食物有關(guān)，

第12頁，共22頁

并且在監(jiān)獄里做實驗進行驗證，所以不良的飲食容易導(dǎo)致人們患糙皮病。故選B項。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn'tpasson

fromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood."（醫(yī)生開始相信這種疾病并不是從一

個傳染到另-個，而是與食物有關(guān)）可知，醫(yī)生開始相信糙皮病不會傳染，而是由食物

導(dǎo)致的，以及第四段"SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected（注射）

withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiment.SodidG

oldberger'swife.Noneofthemgotsick."所以Goldberger給自己注射了糙皮病患者的血。

一名助手也參加了實驗。Goldberger的妻子也是。他們都沒有生?。┛芍?，糙皮病沒有

通過血液傳播，所以Goldberger想通過第四段中提到的實驗證明糙皮病是不傳染的。故

選C項。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyamedical

problem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride."（對于南方來說，糙皮病不僅

僅是一個醫(yī)學(xué)問題。還有其他事情，包括南方的驕傲）可知，一些醫(yī)學(xué)研究者拒絕接受

Goldberger的觀點是因為結(jié)果傷害了他們的驕傲，即結(jié)果傷害了他們的自尊心。故選C

項。

（4）B.觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文，Goldberger在想到自2觀點后，在監(jiān)獄做實驗，并在

自己身上進行實驗，這體現(xiàn)了Goldberger全心全意地投入糙皮病的研究當(dāng)中，具有奉獻

精神，盡管一些醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員拒絕接受Goldberger的觀點，但是他仍然堅持自己的觀點

并努力去證明那是正確的，體現(xiàn)Goldberger是意志堅定的。綜上，Goldberger具有奉獻

精神且意志堅定。A.Selflessandfriendly無私和友好的；B.Devotedanddelemiined有奉

獻精神且意志堅定的；C.Patientandexpert耐心和專業(yè)的；D.Stubbornandenthusiastic固

執(zhí)而熱情的。故選B項。

這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了美國的一名醫(yī)生Goldberger,通過不懈的努力和實驗證明了

糙皮病與食物相關(guān)，是不傳染的。

1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原

文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，

做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是

原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來

分析。

8~11.【答案】A、B、D、C

【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Theystressedthatplasticwasteisstillabig

problem,especiallyfordevelopingcountries,asthemajorityofitdoesn'tgetrecycledandeven

plasticsthatarerecycledstillfinallynegativelyaffecttheenvironment"（他們強調(diào)，塑料垃

圾仍然是一個大問題，特別是對發(fā)展中國家來說，因為大多數(shù)塑料垃圾沒有得到回收，

即使是回收的塑料最終也會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負面影響）可知，大多數(shù)進口塑料垃圾最終在發(fā)

展中國家無法回收，故選A。

（2）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的"Whilethestudydidn'tassessexactlyhowtheplastic

wastewasmadeuseofinthedevelopingcountries,theauthorsnotethatit'slikelythey're

recyclingsomeoftheplasticforuseinindustry."（雖然這項研究沒有準(zhǔn)確評估發(fā)展中國家

是如何利用塑料垃圾的，但作者指出，他們可能正在回收一些塑料用于工業(yè)）可知，該

研究沒有關(guān)注發(fā)展中國家如何使用進口塑料垃圾，故選B。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的"SomecommunitiesintheUnitedStatesmaydowell

inrecyclingplasticwaste,butinothers,thereisstillroomforimprovement"（美國的一些社區(qū)

在回收塑料垃圾方面可能做得很好，但在其他地方，仍有改進的空間）可推知，在美國，

塑料垃圾回收的程度差別很大，故選D。

（4）C.標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要講的是在低收入國家，塑料垃圾的進口與GDP增長有

關(guān)，因此最好的題目為C選項PlasticWasteHasSomeEconomicBenefitsforDeveloping

Countries（塑料垃圾對發(fā)展中國家有一些經(jīng)濟效益），故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在低收入國家，塑料垃圾的進口與GDP增長有關(guān)。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

Mondaysarenotmyfavoriteday,andIoftenarriveinabadmood.星期一不是我最喜歡的一

天，我常常心情不好?？芍?，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)周一工作日很困難。故選B。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段

Hiscentralinsightwasthatfornewideas,weaktiesaremoreimportanttousthanstrongones.

AsGranovetterpointedout,thepeoplewhomweoftentalktoswiminthesamepoolofinfor

第14頁，共22頁

mationaswedo.Wedependonacquaintances（相i只的人）

whomweseeinfrequentlytobringusnewsofopportunities.他的核心觀點是，對于新思想

來說，泛泛之交比鐵哥們或好閨蜜更重要。正如格蘭諾維特所指出的，我們經(jīng)常與之交

談的人與我們在同一個信息池中暢游。我們依靠不常見面的熟人給我們帶來機會的消息。

可知，格蘭諾維特認為你不太可能從鐵哥們或好閨蜜那里獲得新想法，主要是因為你往

往會和他（她）們有類似的事實和想法。故選D。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段

Jobswantedcolleaguestobumpinloeachotherandshootthebreeze（閑

聊）.Hebelievedinthepoweroftheseseeminglyrandomconversationstofireupcreativity.

喬布斯希望同事們彼此碰面，暢所欲言。他相信這些看似隨意的對話能激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。可

知，皮克斯大樓中央大廳是用來鼓勵員工碰面或閑聊的。故選C。

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段

Forthesereasons,weshouldcontinuetofindwaystocultivateweak-tierelationships,during1

ockdownandbeyond.Sandstromaddsthatwecanalsoengageinmoreweak-tie-styleinteract

ionswithourstrongties.出于這些原因，我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)尋找方法，在封鎖期間和之后培養(yǎng)

泛泛之交。Sandstrom補充說，我們也可以與我們的牢固關(guān)系進行更泛泛之交式的互動。

可知，Sandstrom想要表明的是我們可以將隨意的互動應(yīng)用于牢固的關(guān)系之中。故