高中英語語法定語從句及專項練習(xí)

定語從句及專項練習(xí)語法解釋：定語從句——修飾名詞或代詞的從句。換句話說，名詞、代詞后的從句叫定語從句。先行詞 ——被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞、甚至詞組或句子叫先行詞。關(guān)系詞 ——引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。 關(guān)系詞分兩種： 一是關(guān)系代詞(在定語從句中擔(dān)任主、賓、表、定語成分) 二是關(guān)系副詞(在定語從句中擔(dān)任狀語成分) 關(guān)系詞的三個功能： 1. 連接功能（連接先行詞與定語從句）； 2. 擔(dān)任功能（在定語從句中擔(dān)任主、賓、表、定、狀語）； 3. 替代功能（在定語從句中代替先行詞）。 Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly. —— Aplaneisamachine,andthemachinecanfly. —— Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly. 關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as 在定語從句中可擔(dān)任主語的是： who,that,which,as 在定語從句中可擔(dān)任賓語的是： who,whom,that,which,as 在定語從句中可擔(dān)任定語的是： whose,which 當(dāng)先行詞是人時，可用的關(guān)系詞是：who,whom,that,as 當(dāng)先行詞是物時，可用的關(guān)系詞是：which,that,whose,as 關(guān)系副詞有：when(先行詞為時間),where(先行詞為地點(diǎn)),why(先行詞為原因) 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which/whom定語從句分為兩種：限制性與非限制性。先行詞與關(guān)系詞之間無逗號隔開為限制性；有逗號隔開則為非限制性。非限制性定語從句一般不可用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。唯一可以置于先行詞之前的定語從句由關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)。以下練習(xí)詳細(xì)介紹了定語從句使用的具體語法規(guī)則。單選：Afootballfanis_____hasastronginterestinfootball.A.that B.who C.apersonwho D.what2. Thehouse,_____wasdestroyedintheterriblefire,hasbeenrepaired. A.whoseroof B.whichroof C.itsroof D.theroof3. Canyoulendmethenovel_____theotherday?A.thatyoutalked B.youtalkedaboutit C.whichyoutalked D.youtalkedabout4. Thematter_____youwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.A.that B.what C.why D.forwhich5. Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_____theyrememberedintheschool.A.which B.that C.who D.whom6. Who_____hascommonsense（常識）willdosuchathing?A.which B.who C.whom D.that7. Alltheapples_____felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.that B.those C.which D.what8. Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_____hesawatthefront.A.what B.that C.which D.where9. I’lltellyou_____hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhich B.allwhat C.thatall D.all10. Achild_____parentshavediediscalledanorphan.A.who B.who’s C.whose D.which11. Isthisthemuseum_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.that B.where C.inwhich D.theone12. Isthismuseum_____someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday?A.that B.where C.inwhich D.theone13. —Howdoyoulikethebook? —It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.A.that B.which C.theone D.theonewhat14. Isthatthereason_____youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.which B.what C.why D.forthat15. Thetrain_____shewastravelingwaslate.A.which B.where C.onwhich D.inthat16. Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer_____thepapersarekept.A.where B.onwhich C.underwhich D.which17. Antarctic_____weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.which B.where C.that D.aboutwhich18. Hearrivedatatime,______,inhisopinion,wasratherinappropriateforthem.A.that B./ C.which D.when19. Heoftenhelpsthestudents_____hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whom B.who C.when D.because20. TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.when B.duringthat C.inwhich D.which21. Hewasbornintheyear_____theAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.A.which B.when C.onwhich D.duringwhich22. Mr.Crossettwillneverforgettheday_____hespentwithhisvariousstudents.A.when B.which C.onwhichD.inwhich23. Thisisjusttheplace_____Iamlookingforwardtovisitingtheseyears.A.that B.where C.inwhichD.towhere24. WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,_____livemygrandparents.A.which B.that C.whoD.where25. Thehotel_____duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.inwhichwestayed B.wherewestayedatC.westayed D.inthatwestayed1–5 CADAB 6–10 DABDC11–15 ADCCC 16–20 ADCBC21–25 BBADA 26–30 ABCAB31–35 BCCAA 36–40 DBDAB–45 DABDC 46–50 DCDDCthathassomethingtodowithnaturethat/whichwerehangingbeforeverydustywindowswhocamefromEnglandwhich/thatwasspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150which/thatwasofmoret