外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)必修五Module Animals in Danger 全國一等獎(jiǎng)

SectionⅣ

Grammar&WritingModule6

AnimalsinDanger

語法精講專項(xiàng)突破[品味經(jīng)典]1．Thisisanoldcomputerthat/whichworksmuchslowly.2．IhavemanyfriendstowhomI’mgoingtosendpostcards.3．IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.4．ThisisthefactorythatIvisitedlastyear.5．Thisnovel，whichIhavereadthreetimes，isverytouching.[自我探究]以上各句都是含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。第1句關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作________不能省略；第2句是“____________________”引導(dǎo)的定語從句；主語介詞＋關(guān)系代詞第3句是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作______；第4句雖然先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作visited的_______，故使用_______________引導(dǎo)；第5句是__________________從句，此時(shí)不能使用_______引導(dǎo)。狀語賓語關(guān)系代詞非限制性定語that一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．只用that不用which的情況：(1)先行詞為不定代詞all，everything，anything，nothing，little，much等?；蛴衋ll，any，no，every，few，little(少量的)，one，both等修飾。講解歸納Thereseemstobenothingthathecan’tdo.似乎沒有他做不了的事。Allthebooksthatyouofferedhavebeendonatedtothemountainareas.你提供的所有的書都已捐給山區(qū)了。(2)先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾或先行詞本身就是形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedwasJiuzhaigou.他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是九寨溝。(3)先行詞有theonly，thevery等詞修飾。Mr.Smithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他認(rèn)識(shí)的唯一一個(gè)外國人。(4)先行詞既有人又有物。Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeoplethatshelikedduringtheholiday.在假期里，她拍了一些她喜歡的人和物的照片。(5)當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時(shí)，用that。Whoisthemanthatwonthegoldmedal?贏得金牌的那個(gè)人是誰？(6)在therebe句型的定語從句中，用that引導(dǎo)，不用which。2．whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，可指代人也可指代物，其在定語從句中作定語。指物時(shí)，可與ofwhich互換，指人時(shí)，可與ofwhom互換。Theriverwhosebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.＝Theriverofwhichthebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.河岸上長滿樹的那條河流入大海。3．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法(1)as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于thesame...as，such...as結(jié)構(gòu)?！緶剀疤崾尽?/p>

thesame...as和thesame...that的區(qū)別ThisisthesamepenasIlost.這支筆和我丟的一樣(兩支)。ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.這就是我丟的那支筆(同一支)。(2)as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個(gè)句子。常譯為：正如……，常見句型有：asisknowntoall，asisreported，asissaid，asisannounced，asIexpect，asweallknow等。Asweexpected，hegothereontimeinspiteoftheheavyrain.正如我們所預(yù)料的，盡管下著大雨，他仍準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。二、“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，介詞的賓語只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)，即：介詞＋which/whom。1．當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)，介詞賓語只用which或whom，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。Thisisthelittleheroofwhomweareproud.這就是我們?yōu)橹湴恋男∮⑿邸hisisthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.這就是我用來寫信的鋼筆。2．當(dāng)介詞位于定語從句的末尾時(shí)，可用that/which(指物)，that/whom/who(指人)作介詞的賓語，而且作介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞往往省略。Helivedinabighouse，infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有棵大樹?！緶剀疤崾尽吭诮樵~＋關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，介詞的選用和它前面的先行詞或它后面的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配有關(guān)。在一些固定搭配的動(dòng)詞短語中，由于動(dòng)詞和介詞不可分割，因此不能把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前。例：ThisisthepenwhichI’mlookingfor.不可以說：ThisisthepenforwhichI’mlooking.三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞有where，when，why，在定語從句中代替先行詞作狀語，常可用

“介詞＋which”代替。1．where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。IsthisthehousewhereLuXunoncelived？(where＝inwhich)這是魯迅先生曾經(jīng)住過的房子嗎？2．when指時(shí)間，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。Shestillremembersthedayswhenshewasamiddleschoolstudent.(when＝onwhich)她仍然記得她的中學(xué)時(shí)代。3．why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Thereareseveralreasonswhywecan’tdothat.(why＝forwhich)我們不那樣做有好幾個(gè)理由?！緶剀疤崾尽?/p>

case，point，stage，conditions等表示“情況，方面”的名詞后可接where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。Hehadtofacetheconditionswherepressurewasheavy.他必須面對(duì)壓力很大的情況。四、用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞正確選用關(guān)系詞的依據(jù)：①弄清關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?；②辨別先行詞表示的是人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是原因等；③判斷從句是限制性的還是非限制性的?！緶剀疤崾尽坑袝r(shí)為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞同定語從句被隔開，應(yīng)注意識(shí)別。Ⅰ.把下面的簡單句改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句1．Theoldwoman，beinginpoorhealth，hasthehabitofgoingtobedearly.________________________________________________________________________________專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Theoldwoman，whoisinpoorhealth，hasthehabitofgoingtobedearly.

2．WritteninsimpleEnglish，thenoveliseasytoread.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenovel，whichiswritteninsimpleEnglish，iseasytoread.3．Anyonewishingtotakepartinthesportsmeetmaysignhisnamehere.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Anyonewhowishestotakepartinthesportsmeetmaysignhisnamehere.

4．Theboy，keepinghimselfatadistance，watchedthefightwithgreatinterest.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Theboy，whokepthimselfatadistance，watchedthefightwithgreatinterest.5．Whatarethegoodmeasurestobetakentostoppollution?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whatarethegoodmeasureswhicharetobetakentostoppollution?Ⅱ.語法填空“I’mputtingonweight！”MyfriendPeteroftencomplainstome.Hetriestoavoid1.________isfat.Allthefood2.________isinsidehisstomachhasbeentestedbyhiswifeaswellashimself.Butnothingcanprevent3.________fromgettingfat.Peter，4.________dietissocarefullydesigned，isalmostdeperate.whatthathimwhose寫作指導(dǎo)妙筆生花寫作要求根據(jù)下面提示，用英語寫一篇關(guān)于大熊貓的短文?！疽c(diǎn)提示】1．大熊貓是中國特有的舉世聞名的野生動(dòng)物，生活在中國西部的森林地區(qū)。2．大熊貓已存在一萬多年了。3．大熊貓非常喜歡爬樹，比一般動(dòng)物都敏捷。4．大熊貓最喜歡的食物是竹筍，嗜好飲水，一旦找到水源就會(huì)拼命地暢飲。5．大熊貓是由法國人ArmandDavid命名的。6．大熊貓是吉祥友誼的象征，是和平友好的使者。7．大熊貓屬于瀕危動(dòng)物之一，中國政府建立了大熊貓自然保護(hù)區(qū)。參考詞匯：竹筍：bambooshoots自然保護(hù)區(qū)：naturalreserve

寫作要點(diǎn)

1.中國特有的舉世聞名的野生動(dòng)物_____________________________________aworldfamouswildanimalborninChina2．喜歡爬樹

________________________________________3．最喜歡的食物

________________4．拼命地暢飲________________begoodat/likeclimbingtrees

favo(u)ritefooddrinklikecrazy

5．吉詳友好的象征

______________________________________6．和平友好的使者_(dá)____________________________________7．瀕危動(dòng)物

______________________________________thesymbolofluckinessandfriendshipthemessengerofpeace..endangeredanimals句式結(jié)構(gòu)1．大熊貓屬于一種瀕危動(dòng)物。Thepanda____________akindofendangeredanimals.belongsto2．大熊貓嗜好飲水，一旦找到水源就會(huì)拼命地暢飲。(使用從句中的省略)Pandaslikedrinkingmuchwater________________________，theywilldrinklikecrazy.sowhenfindingwater3．眾所周知，大熊貓是吉祥友誼的象征，又是和平友好的使者。(使用as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)____________________________，thepanda___________________________luckinessandfriendship，andthemessengerofpeace.Asisknownisthesymbolof連句成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________佳作欣賞ThepandaisaworldfamouswildanimalborninChina.ItonlyinhabitstheforestsinthewestpartofChina.Ithaslivedontheearthformorethantenthousandyears.Althoughtheyhavefatfigures，yetpandasarebetteratclimbingtreesthananyotheranimal.Thefavo(u)ritefoodthatitdependsonforlivingisbambooshoots.Pandaslikedrinkingmuchwatersowhenfindingwater，theywilldrinklikecrazy.Originally，thename“panda”wasgivenbyaFrenchmanArmandDavid.Asisknown，thepandaisthesymbolofluckinessandfriendship，andthemessengerofpeace.Infact，thepandabelongstoakindofendangeredanimals.However，toourjoy，theChinesegovernmenthasbuiltanaturalreservetoprotectthepandas.Theyarethetruefriendsofhumans.類文點(diǎn)津描寫動(dòng)物的作文屬于說明文的范疇，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱根據(jù)具體的句子來確定，常為第三人稱。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)使語言具有客觀準(zhǔn)確性，并做到生動(dòng)形象。文章中可適當(dāng)使用復(fù)雜句及連接詞，使文章銜接自然并有起伏。課時(shí)作業(yè)詞語串串練AccordingtostatisticsfromtheWWF,standingforWorldWideFundforNature，over12,000animalspeciesareonthebrinkofbeingextinct,includingTibetan①antelopes,_whales,ibisesandsomereptiles,whichlayeggsonthesands.TheWWFhassetupmany②branchesin90countriesinallfivecontinents,aimedatmonitoringsomeprojects,involvingfoundingnaturereserves,protectinganimals’n