2023學(xué)年完整公開(kāi)課版公開(kāi)課教案U1Grammar2

SubjectVerbAgreement主謂一致原則邵武一中楊海英SubjectVerbAgreement主謂一致是指句子的______與_____在_____和____上必須保持一致主謂一致的三個(gè)原則:

1.語(yǔ)法一致

2.意義一致

3.就近原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)數(shù)一、語(yǔ)法一致的原則是指主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與其相呼應(yīng)。二、意義一致的原則指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念，而不取決于表面的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)志，主要表現(xiàn)為某些集體名詞后可跟動(dòng)詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如果這些集體名詞指整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指具體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。三、就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于離它最近的詞語(yǔ)，而無(wú)須考慮其他的詞Mary’sMary_______adog.hasTom’sMaryandTom_______adog.have謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)一致。語(yǔ)法一致Ayoungmanandagirlwant

togothere.Thesingerandthewriterarefamoustomanyyoungpeople.

BothJackandTim_____diving.are語(yǔ)法一致由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。asingeranddancerThesingeranddancer_____onthestage.is語(yǔ)法一致Thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals.Whatisit?aknifeandforkAknifeandfork

isusedtohavemeals.語(yǔ)法一致主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致１）由and連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，同一事，同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)這時(shí)后面的名詞沒(méi)有冠詞。

arehas內(nèi)容一致/意義一致主謂一致2)用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體,如:breadandbutter,knifeandfork等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)(由兩個(gè)部件配成的物品),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如:

Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.A.has

B.have

C.had

D.ishaving２）由each,every,no,manya(許多)所修飾的名詞，即使用and連接作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。

ＡManyaman___________thestory.

hasbelievesThegroup____madeupofninestudents.Thegroup____dancinghappily.isareTheteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasare

Groupdiscussion:Canyoufindoutthegrammarrules?Collectivenounscanhaveasingularorpluralverb.Ifthenounreferstoawholeunit,theverbissingular.Ifitreferstothedifferentmembersofaunit,theverbisplural.group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,police,

army,band,minority(少數(shù))andsoon.

Collectivenouns（集體名詞）由集體名詞，如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,crew等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),如果看成一個(gè)整體(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,如果看成其中各成員，（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）則用復(fù)數(shù)形式.

注意：集體名詞為

people,police,cattle，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g.Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.

1、集體名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致

Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Theresearchgroup

(is,are)madeupoffivepeople.

2.What

(do,does)thegroupwantfortheirlunch?3.Ourfamily

(is,are)notpooranymore.4.Hehastoworry.Hisfamily

(is,are)waitingforhim.5.Theclass

(is,are)morethanfortyinnumber.isdoisareis6.Theclass

(have,has)disagreedamongthemselvesaboutwheretheyshouldgoandhaveapicnic.7.Thegovernment

(has,have)spentmorethantwomillionyuaninplantingtrees.8.Thecitygovernment

(has,have)differentopinionsaboutnextyear’splan.havehashaveNeitherdog_____big.(A.isB.are)Neitherofthem_____big.(A.isB.are)

ANeitheroftherabbits_____handsome..(A.isB.are)A/BNeitherrabbit_____handsome.(A.isB.are)AA/B＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿二、代詞作主語(yǔ)兩者都不neitherofnoneofn.(U)n.(C)neither+n.(singl.)V.

singl.plural.HowtousenoneandneitherV.(singl.)V.(singl.)代詞none和neither有時(shí)用作單數(shù)看待,有時(shí)作復(fù)數(shù)看待,主要根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思決定.但是代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),只看作單數(shù);neither作形容詞時(shí)與單數(shù)名詞連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).語(yǔ)法一致none做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù),也可用復(fù)數(shù);但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù),因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).如:3.Neitherofus________(was/were)readywhenthepartybegan.4.Noneofthem________(has/have)watchedthetalkshow.have/haswas/were

1.Noneofthesepeople___doctors.A.hasB.isC.areD.was2.Neitherofthem___agoodsinger.A.areB.isC.wereD.isusedtobeCBeverybody當(dāng)這些詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，在句中我們可以用they

來(lái)代替它們，有時(shí)我們可以用he/she來(lái)代替。anybodyeveryonenobodysomebodyeverythinganythingnothingsomethingIndefinitepronounsnoone,nobody,each,theotherNothing________difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit.2.Nobodythought_________________wouldhavetopayfor_____________________ownticket(s).they/he/shetheir/his/herisBobBob_____aworker.isMike

MikeandBob_____workers.areBothMikeandBob_______workers.areNeitherMikenorBob_______ateacher.isBillNeither

ofthem_______(know)howtoteachEnglish.

knows/knowNoneofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.

knows/know三、用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由or,either…or,neither…nor,both…and或notonly…butalso連接PeterHenryEitherPeterorHenry_____goingtowin.isHenry

Aor

B

NotAbut

B

EitherAor

B

NeitherAnor

B

Not

onlyAbutalso

B

Verb

HereThere+Verb

AandB

A,BandC就近原則:當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由or,either…or,neither…nor…

或notonly…butalso連接時(shí),謂語(yǔ)通常與臨近的名詞或代詞保持一致。由there或here引導(dǎo)的句子,主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致.Notonlyyoubutalsohe____wrong.(is/are)Neitheryounorhe___right.(is/are)There___twoshopsandacinemabesidetherailwaystation.(is/are)Here__amapandahandbookforyou.

(is/are)isisareis＿＿＿＿＿＿_(dá)_____＿M(jìn)r.Black,aswellastwowomen,______attheoffice.isMr.Black

with,togetherwith,（和…一起）

alongwith,（同…一道）aswellas,（既…又…）asmuchas,（和…一樣多）

nolessthan,

（和…）一樣；多達(dá)ratherthan,（寧愿）but,except,besides,including,like,inadditionto（另外）四.主語(yǔ)＋介詞（短語(yǔ)）：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面接說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的修飾語(yǔ)，如aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,,including等時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)不受修飾成分的影響，仍保持同主語(yǔ)一致的關(guān)系，由主語(yǔ)的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。

主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致1.Theteacherwithtwostudents______atthemeeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,________animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playwasA主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致五、分詞、量詞作主語(yǔ)由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)或alotof,lotsof,plentyof,halfof,therestof,someof,mostof,allof,(a)partof+名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)這個(gè)名詞或代詞來(lái)確定其謂動(dòng)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:

e.g.Tomisoneof

thestudents

who____goodatplayingfootball.Tomisthe

onlyoneofthestudentswho____goodatplayingfootball.

areis[注意]在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是若前有theonly,將其限定為只有一個(gè)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.六、名詞化的形容詞作主語(yǔ)e.g.Therich

aretohelpthepoor.Thewounded

wasayoungboy.

以定冠詞the+adj.（或過(guò)去分詞）結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如thebrave,thepoor,theblind,thesick,theold等，但有少數(shù)過(guò)去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指?jìng)€(gè)體，用單數(shù)形式。主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致七．

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由不定式、動(dòng)名詞或疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的句子充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。1).ToholdtheOlympicGames____arichprizeforacountry.(be)

2).Choosingwhattoeat___nolongeraseasyasitoncewas.isis

Whatweneed______moretimeandmorematerials.

Whatweneed____teachers.(由what,who,why,how,whether等引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指的具體內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式.)3)isare

內(nèi)容一致/意義一致主謂一致1.表示時(shí)間,金錢(qián),距離,度量等的名詞作主語(yǔ),盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式,它們作為一個(gè)單一的概念時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.如:表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被看作整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

isAmilliondollars__(is/are)reallyalotofmoney.Sixtyyears

alongtime.Threethousandmiles

alongdistance.Fiftykilogrammes

nottooheavytobecarried.isisis主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致2.名詞如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù).但這類(lèi)表示成雙的東西的名詞前有apairof修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如:Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致3.形復(fù)意單名詞如:news;以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱(chēng)如:physics,mathematics;國(guó)名如:theUnitedStates;報(bào)紙名如:theNewTimes;書(shū)名如:ArabianNights;以及theUnitedNations等作主語(yǔ);謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).如:主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致4.“a+名詞+andahalf”,“oneandahalf+名詞”,“thenumberof+名詞”等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù).如:“the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞做主語(yǔ)的主謂一致“the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞”表示一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)；若指某一抽象概念，則用單數(shù)。①Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.②Thetrueistobetoldfromthefalse.1．Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be2．NeithermywifenorI____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．beExercises:3．NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be4．Nottheteacher，butthestudents____lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm．

A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．be5．NobodybutBettyandMary____lateforclassyesterday．

A．was B．wereC．hasbeen D．havebeen6．Awomanwithsomechildren____soon．

A．iscoming B．a(chǎn)recomingC．hascome D．havecome7．Nooneexceptmyparents____anythingaboutthis.

A．know B．knowsC．isknown D．a(chǎn)reknown8．Theteacheraswellasthestudents____thebookalready．

A．hasread B．havereadC．a(chǎn)rereading D．isreading9．Allbutone____intheaccident．

A．waskilled B．werekilledC．willbekilled D．a(chǎn)rekilled10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory___yet.A.hasnotbeendecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided11.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___fifty,butanumberofthem___absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were12.____ofthelandinthatdistrict____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is B.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is D.Twofifths;are13.Theresultsoftheexamination___thatyouhaveallmadegreat_____.

A.show;progress

B.shows;progress

C.show;progresses

D.shows;progresses

14.Here_____anewpairofshoesforyou.

A.is

B.are

C.have

D.has主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見(jiàn),集體名詞謂用單。如若強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員,復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)記心間.有些名詞謂常復(fù),people,police,cattle即這般主語(yǔ)單數(shù)后接介,謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)介無(wú)關(guān).manya作主語(yǔ)也如此,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單or,nor,butalso,therebe,近主原則掛嘴邊.

ThenecklaceThestoryhappenedinParis.Oneday,Pierretogetherwithhiswife,Mathil