Module+7+Unit+2+知識點 外研版英語八年級下冊

You

will

love

coming

to

Los

Angeles

to

learn

about

American

culture

and

improve

your

English

at

the

same

time.

你會喜歡來洛杉磯的，在這里你會了解美國文化，同時提高你的英語水平。（教材P58）&1&

learn

about了解；獲悉He

read

a

lot

to

learn

about

the

history

of

China.

他大量閱讀以便了解中國的歷史。&2&

culture/?k?lt??/

n.

文化

作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞均可。形容詞形式為cultural，意為“文化的”。You

won't

fully

experience

the

culture

of

a

foreign

country

unless

you

go

there

in

person.

除非你親自去那里，否則你不會完全體驗到外國的文化。（安徽中考）We

should

respect

different

cultures.我們應(yīng)該尊重不同的文化。（作可數(shù)名詞）&3&

與culture相關(guān)的常見表達：Western

culture西方文化traditional

culture傳統(tǒng)文化national

culture民族文化local

culture本土文化；地方文化popular

culture大眾文化典例1

根據(jù)句意及首字母提示填寫單詞。

(宿遷中考改編)

Many

people

think

that

Hanfu

is

anart

form

and

one

of

the

most

important

parts

of

Chinese

national

c______.ulture【解析】句意：許多人認為漢服是一種藝術(shù)形式，是中國民族文化最重要的組成部分之一。根據(jù)語境及首字母提示可知，此處表示"文化"，故填culture。&5&

at

the

same

time同時Swimming

is

good

for

our

health,

but

at

the

same

time,

we

mustn't

forget

our

safety.

游泳對健康有益，但與此同時，我們一定不能忘記自身安全。&6&

與time相關(guān)的其他短語：at

a

time依次；每次

for

the

first

time首次at

times有時；間或

at

that

time在那時from

time

to

time有時，偶爾

at

one

time曾經(jīng)The

courses

last

for

four,

six

or

eight

weeks.課程持續(xù)4周、6周或8周。（教材P58）&7&

last

/lɑ?st/

v.

持續(xù)；延續(xù)&8&

在此作延續(xù)性動詞，不用于進行時，其后常接"for+一段時間"，表示"持續(xù)多長時間"，其中for可省略。The

celebration

lasted

for

three

days.慶祝活動持續(xù)了三天。Each

game

lasts

about

an

hour.每場比賽持續(xù)約一小時。&9&

last的其他常見用法：作形容詞最近的，上一個的；最后的I

was

very

busy

last

week.

我上周很忙。Thisis

my

last

hope.

這是我最后的希望。作副詞最后；上一次,最近He

came

last

in

the

race.這次賽跑他得了最后一名。It

has

been

a

long

time

since

I

saw

you

last.

自我上次見你已過去很長時間了。Our

teachers

are

well

trained

and

have

a

lot

of

experience.

我們的教師訓(xùn)練有素、經(jīng)驗豐富。（教材P58）&10&

train

v.培訓(xùn)；訓(xùn)練&11&

在此作及物動詞，are

trained

是其被動結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"被培訓(xùn)"，此處teachers與動詞train之間是被動關(guān)系；表示“訓(xùn)練有素”通常用well/highly

trained。We

invited

Mr

Wang

to

train

the

swimmers.

我們邀請了王先生來培訓(xùn)這些游泳運動員。The

staff

are

well

trained.這些員工訓(xùn)練有素。&12&

train用作名詞時，可表示"火車"。英語中常見的動詞和名詞意義不相關(guān)的單詞還有：book（v.預(yù)訂n.書）match（v.搭配n.火柴）watch（v.觀看n.手表）park（v.停車n.公園）You

can

work

in

small

or

large

groups:

it

depends

on

your

personal

choice.

你可以上小班課或大班課——這取決于你的個人選擇。（教材P58）&13&

depend

on

（可用upon代替）取決于；決定于&14&

&15&

其后可接名詞、代詞等，通常不用于進行時。Our

success

depends

on/upon

our

effort.

我們的成功取決于我們的努力。&16&

（1）depend

on依靠；依賴Fresh

water

is

important.

Life

on

Earth

depends

on

it.淡水很重要。地球上的生命都依賴它。（連云港中考）（2）that

depends/it(all)

depends

那得看情況（常用于口語中）—Are

you

going

home?

你要回家嗎？—It

(all)depends.

那得看情況。典例2

(南京中考)—Which

bicycle

should

I

choose,

sir?—It

___

what

you

want

to

use

it

for.DA.takes

on

B.carries

on

C.puts

on

D.depends

on【解析】句意：——我應(yīng)當選擇哪輛自行車，先生？——那____你想用它來做什么。take

on"承擔"；carry

on"繼續(xù)做"；put

on"穿上"；depend

on"取決于"。由語境可知選D。We

provide

books,

and

we

set

tests

every

week

to

check

your

progress.

我們提供教材并且每周設(shè)置測驗來檢查你的進展情況。（教材P58）&17&

provide

/pr??va?d

/

v.

提供；供應(yīng)&18&

&19&

provide與offerprovide側(cè)重指"提供"有用的或別人需要的東西。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：provide

sb.

withsth.=provide

sth.

for

sb.為某人提供某物offer側(cè)重指主動或愿意"提供或給予"。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：offer

sb.

sth.=offer

sth.

to

sb.為某人提供某物offer

to

do

sth.主動提出做某事Parents

always

try

to

provide

a

good

environment

at

home

for

their

children.父母總是努力為他們的孩子提供一個良好的家庭環(huán)境。Lu

Hong

opened

a

photo

factory

and

offered

jobs

to

disabled

people.陸鴻開了一家影集相冊加工廠，為殘疾人提供工作機會。（瀘州中考）We

offered

to

look

after

our

neighbour's

dog

when

she

was

away.我們主動提出在鄰居不在的時候照看她的狗。（蘇州中考）典例3

完成句子，每空一詞。(朝陽中考)他總是給有需要的人提供幫助，大家都很喜歡他。He

always

______________

help

______

people

in

need

and

everyone

likes

him

very

much.offers/providesto/for&20&

test

/test/

n.

測驗；考試

v.

測驗；考查&21&

（1）在此作可數(shù)名詞，意為"測驗；考試"，多指學(xué)科或技能的測試；exam多指課程或?qū)W年結(jié)束時舉行的考試。語境串記After

several

tests，

we

have

to

face

the

final

exam.

在數(shù)次測驗后，我們必須面對期末考試了。（2）test還可作及物動詞，意為"測驗；考查"。The

teacher

will

test

our

knowledge

at

the

end

of

the

term.老師將在學(xué)期末的時候測驗我們的知識。&22&

progress（作動詞時的發(fā)音與作名詞時的發(fā)音不同，主要體現(xiàn)在重音的位置上）

/?pr??gres/

n.

進步；進展/pr???gres/

v.（繼續(xù)）發(fā)展，推進&23&

（1）在此作不可數(shù)名詞，意為"進步；進展"。make

progress（in

sth.）表示"（在某方面）取得進步"。You

can't

make

much

progress

in

study

without

managing

your

time

well.如果不好好管理時間，你就不能在學(xué)習上取得很大進步。（蘇州中考）（2）還可作動詞，意為"（繼續(xù)）發(fā)展，推進"。Work

on

the

new

road

is

progressing

slowly.新路的修建工作正在緩慢進行。典例4

(齊齊哈爾中考改編)

Chinese

scientists

have

made

great

___

in

space

technology

recently.BA.information

B.progress

C.knowledge

D.pride【解析】句意：近來中國科學(xué)家在航天技術(shù)方面已經(jīng)取得了很大的進步。information"信息"；progress"進步"；knowledge"知識"；pride"驕傲，自豪"。此處考查固定短語make

progress（in

sth.）"（在某方面）取得進步"，故選B。Many

families

form

close

friendships

with

the

students

and

stay

in

touch

with

them.很多家庭和學(xué)生建立了親密的友誼，并和他們保持著聯(lián)系。（教材P58）&25&

form

/f??m/

v.形成

n.表格&26&（（（（（）（）（）()1在此處作動詞，意為"形成"。formaclosefriendshipwithsb."與某人建立親密的友誼"。Everyone，please

hold

your

hands

and

form

a

circle.各位，請手拉手圍成一個圈。（及物動詞）A

hurricane

is

a

huge

storm

that

forms

over

warm

ocean

water.

颶風是在溫暖的海水上形成的巨大風暴。（蘇州中考）（不及物動詞）（2）還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為"表格"。fillin/outaform意為"填寫表格"。Just

complete

the

form

and

return

it.

填好表格后交回即可。&27&

friendship

/?frend??p/

n.

友誼；友好

&28&

作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞均可，由"friend（名詞）+-ship（后綴）"構(gòu)成。Helen

developed

a

lasting

friendship

with

her

teacher.

海倫和她的老師建立了持久的友誼。（無錫中考）（可數(shù)名詞）Your

friendship

is

very

important

to

me.

你們的友情對我非常重要。（不可數(shù)名詞）&29&

-ship為常用的名詞后綴，表示狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、職位、資格等。常見的含此后綴的名詞有：relationship（關(guān)系）、citizenship（公民資格）、scholarship（獎學(xué)金）、hardship（困苦，苦難）等。典例5

根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成句子。(百色中考)

My

father

and

Uncle

Wang

have

been

good

friends

for

many

years,

and

their

__________（友誼）

is

very

strong.friendship&30&

stay

in

touch

（with

sb.）（與某人）保持聯(lián)系

與keepintouch（withsb.）同義，表示狀態(tài)。Wherever

you

go,

please

stay/keep

in

touch

with

me.

無論你去哪里，請和我保持聯(lián)系。&31&

（1）get

in

touch

with

sb."與某人取得聯(lián)系"，表示動作。We

will

get

in

touch

with

you

as

soon

as

we

know

the

results.

我們一得知結(jié)果就和你聯(lián)系。（2）lose

touch

with

sb.與某人失去聯(lián)系I

lost

touch

with

Julie

after

we

moved.

我們搬家后，我就和朱莉失去了聯(lián)系。典例6

(天津市濱海新區(qū)一模)It

is

possible

for

people

to

___

others

anytime

and

anywhere

by

mobile

phone.BA.win

the

heart

of

B.stay

in

touch

withC.pay

attention

to

D.look

forward

to【解析】句意：人們可以隨時隨地通過手機與他人保持聯(lián)系。win

the

heart

of"贏得……的心"；stay

in

touch

with"與……保持聯(lián)系";

pay

attention

to"注意"；look

forward

to"期盼"。根據(jù)"anytime

and

anywhere

by

mobile

phone"可推知，是用手機隨時隨地與別人保持聯(lián)系。故選B。But

if

you

prefer,

of

course,

you

can

stay

in

a

hotel.

但是如果你更喜歡，你當然可以住賓館。（教材P58）&32&

prefer

/pr??f??r/

v.

更喜愛；鐘愛&33&

&34&

相當于like...better，不可用于進行時。其過去式和過去分詞均為preferred，現(xiàn)在分詞為preferring。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Tom

prefers

travelling/to

travel

by

train.

湯姆更喜歡乘火車旅行。Nowadays

most

people

prefer

paying

online

to

using

cash.現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人更喜歡網(wǎng)上支付，而不是用現(xiàn)金。（達州中考）I

prefer

to

sleep

at

home

rather

than

go

on

vacation

to

the

seaside.=I

would

rather

sleep

at

home

than

go

on

vacation

to

the

seaside.我寧愿在家睡覺也不愿意去海邊度假。典例7

(揚州中考)People

in

cold

areas

___

warm

colours

to

calm

colours

in

their

homes.BA.protect

B.prefer

C.pronounce

D.practise【解析】句意：寒冷地區(qū)的人們在家里更喜歡暖色，而不是使人平靜的顏色。protect"保護"；prefer"更喜歡"；pronounce"發(fā)音"；practise"練習"。prefer

sth.

to

sth.表示"喜歡……勝過……"。故選B。You

are

certain

to

get

the

best

possible

experience

of

English

learning

and

life

in

the

US.

你一定能獲得英語學(xué)習和美國生活的最好體驗。（教材P58）&35&

certain（uncertain

adj.不確定的；無把握）

/?s??rtn/

adj.

確定的；無疑的&36&

為形容詞，多用作表語。to

do

sth.of/about

（doing）

sth.that從句becertain+You

are

certain

to

be

happy

with

your

friends.

和朋友在一起，你一定很快樂。If

you

want

to

be

certain

of

getting

a

ticket,

book

now.要想有把握買到票，你現(xiàn)在就得預(yù)訂。It's

certain

that

we

need

to

eat

less

sugar.

毫無疑問，我們需要少吃糖。（舟山中考）Check

the

answer

on

the

Internet

if

you

are

uncertain

about

it.

不確定的話就上網(wǎng)查答案。（連云港中考）&37&

certainly為副詞，意為"確定地；無疑地"。He

will

certainly

come.

他一定會來。You

must

pay

for

your

course

at

least

one

month

before

it

starts.

你必須至少在開課前一個