互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可靠性信息系統(tǒng)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

附錄互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可靠性信息系統(tǒng)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)PAGE16互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可靠性信息系統(tǒng)外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)(文檔含中英文對(duì)照即英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：TheReliabilityofInternet-BasedInformationSystem

Summaryofpapersfocusedonthereliabilityoftheinformationsystemwiththewideareanetworkandserverstructuredevelopment.ExistingcustomersofthesystemandanamendmenttothetransformationserverHTTPtasktoperformanalysisandadvancedgraphics.Atthesametime,thearticleisalsoontheglobalinformationnetworkandthetechnicalbackground,aswellas,client/serversystemsanalysisexplained.Withsystemsdevelopment,designengineersandreliabilityanalystscanmorequicklyandeasilyonananalysisofthereliabilityofthesystem.Keywords:informationsystem,WWW,client/serverarchitecture,thereliabilityof1.Theintroductionofinformationsystemshaveawiderangeofpracticalapplication,itcanbeusefulforthejudgetomakeadecisivestrategy.Isgenerallybelievedthattheinformationsystemisbuiltonthemodeloftheorganizationalstructureofaparticulardataflow.Inreliabilityengineering,researchersintheaccessanddataanalysiswillbesomedifficulties.Thesystemdevelopmentprocessistheaccumulationofdatafromthemajorityofanalyststoobtainthereliability.Inthecomponentdata,computerfailurerateforeachcomponent,theapplication-specificdata(forexample,theimportanceoftheapplication,functionofthenumberofpins,andsoon.)Developersforthedesignofthesystemareveryimportantintermsof.Institutionsintheorganization,client/serverarchitecturehasbeenintegratedasagoodwayofcomputerdata.Withthetraditionalfocusonthecomputerenvironment,theclient/serverenvironment,userssharedata,applications,areeasiertodealwiththeprocess[1].Abilitytoworkdependsonthebalanceoftheapplicationofclient/serversystem,animportantrole.

SupportthedevelopmentoftheInternetasaninteractivedatadisplayanddistributionofthemeansoftransmission.Internetclientandserverinteractioninthestandardizationofinformationwasagreatsuccess.Similarly,inthedevelopmentofclientandserversoftwareornetworkprotocol,ifnotrequirespecialresources,Internet-basedsystemcanquicklycreate.

Inthischapter,weexplainedtheInternet-basedandclient/servertechnologytoachievethereliabilityofinformationsystems.ChapterIIprovidesanoverviewofclient/servercomputinginresponsetotheInternet.ChapterIIIdescribesthereliabilityofinformationsystemsimplementationdetails,andChapterIVoffurtherstudyweresummarizedanddiscussed.

2.Internetandclient/serverarchitecture

Client/serverstructureoftherelationshipbetweenthetwoprocessescanbesaidtoberunninganumberoftasksincooperation.Itsupportstheintegrityofinformationsystemsandscalability[2].Lyu(1995)demonstratedthattheclient/serverstructureofthefouradvantages:costreduction,productivityimprovement,systemlifecycleavailabilityofalongerandbetter.Therefore,client/serversystemarchitectureisconsideredaviablestructureofinformationsystems.

WiththedevelopmentoftheInternettoachieveclient/serverstructureofthesimplestpossiblewayoutisthetaskoftheclientsoftwareisdisplayedandtheformatoftheinformationobtainedfromtheserverusingawebbrowser.Manybibliographicretrievalsystemisthetypicalexample.Inawebbrowserasaclientaccesstoanexistingclient/serverplatform,onlyaclassofsystemcode(HTMLandhelpcode)needtomaintain.

Butforothersystems,theclientsoftwareonbehalfoftheserverintheimplementationofadditionaltasksorusers,theco-ordinationmechanismsneedawebbrowser-basedclienttorunthesejobs.AtypicalsolutionistousetheCommonGatewayInterface(CGI)program.However,duetovariousreasons,thisapproachisnotsatisfactory..InaCGI-basedsystem,allareusuallyhandledbytheclienttaskmustbesimulatedbytheCGIprogram.Increasetheburdenontheserver.AnotherfromthestandardInternetbrowseraccesstoclient/serverapplicationsisinventedbytheDossickandKaiser[3].TheyhaveputforwardaHTTPproxytoconnecttotheexistingclient/servernetworksystem.HTTPproxytointerceptHTTPrequestsfordataandusetheoriginalsetofrequestsfortheirtransfertothesourcesystem.

TheuseofAPIsissimilartoNetscape'sembeddedbrowser-specifictoolstocreateclient/serversystem,browser-basedclientisfeasible.However,theuseofsuchAPIsgeneratedbytheWeb-basedclientsoftwaretolimittheuseofaproprietaryplatform,aswellasadedicatedwebbrowser.UnnecessaryrestrictionswhichoffsetalotofclientstocreateWeb-basedbenefits.

3.System

ElectronicsandTelecommunicationsResearchInstitute(ETRI)hasdevelopedERISiscalledthereliabilityofinformationsystems.Itcanbesynthesizedusingacomputersystemfailurerateandreliabilityofthecalculation[4].ERISclientsincludeproceduresbythetwoneutralcomponents,theyaredifferenthardwareplatforms:workstationsandpersonalcomputers.NotfamiliarwiththeUNIXenvironment,userswillbeinconvenienttouse.

NeedstobenotedthatthereliabilityofsoftwaretoolsmadebyBirolini.Inordertobecomeusefultotheusersoftware,asopposedtootherrequirements,alargeenoughdatabaseisveryimportant.Instand-aloneenvironment,theusercanhaveanindependentdatastorage.Thiswillbeawasteofcomputerresourcesandtime.Mostexistingtoolsareindependent,tosharedatabetweenusersinconvenient.BasedontheaboveintheERIStestrequirementsandtheviewscollected,wesetthefollowingelements:

-Friendlyuserinterface:man-machineinterfacefortheeffectivehandlinglargeamountsofdataisveryimportant.Atthesametime,hisunderstandingoftheresultsoftheanalysisisveryhelpful.

-Openness:informationservicesmustbewidelyused.Openthesameend-usersinthereliabilityoftheinformationcanbeusedintheclienteasyaccesstootherapplications.

-Datasharing:OncepartofthedataintotheDBMS,thenthisdatashouldbesharedbyotherusers.

-UserManagement:Userinformationisstoredcaneffectivelydealwiththeincreaseinusers.

-Security:safedesignmustbeappropriatetoconsiderthedesigndatainordertopreventtheoutsideworldopen.Onlythosewithonlythecorrectuseridentificationnumber(ID)andpasswordoftheusertoenterthedatabaseserver.

Basedontheabove-mentionedrequirements,ERISfunctionsofthedevelopmentofthefollowing.Thesystemisdividedintothefollowingtwocategories:user/databasemanagementandreliabilityanalysis.

WeareacombinationofmethodstoconnecttotheInternetaswellasthesourceclient/serverstructureofthedevelopmentofERIS.Webbrowserinthedisplayandformattinginformationcanbeusedeffectivelyforallusers.WebbrowsermanagementconceptsusedforERIS.ERISallowsmanagementthroughtheuser'swebbrowserapplication.HomeuserscanapplyforERISthroughtheuseofID.Oncehis/herregistrationIDintheuserdatabase,he/shecanbeinanyplacetodownloadtheclientprogramERIS.

ERIS'stherealizationofclientsimilartoWindowsprogram.Conducivetotheserverthroughtheclienttodealwiththeoriginalfunction-specificapplications.Theyhaveabetterandeasytostoreauser-friendlyinterface,inordertomergethereliabilityoflearning,providethemwithagoodquerytothedesignprocess.ServerprocessandclientprocessesisinlinewiththeTCP/IPprotocolstandarddatarequirements.ERISprovidesmewithInternetandclient/serverarchitectureofthecompositestructure.CGIandCOMservershavetwoprocesses.CGIsolutioncomponentsfromawebbrowserclienttoissuetheHTTPrequestandreturnthecorrespondingresults.COMistomanagetheprocessofdatalinkrequest.Thereisatemporarydatabaseerrorfiltercomponentsanduserinformation.Onlyauthenticatedusersandtheinformationdatacanberegistered.

UNIXserveroperatingsystemistheuseofworkstations,theclientisthePC.Informixdatabasemanagementsystemusedtomanageusersanddata.ServerprocessthroughtheESQL/Clanguage.ClientthroughtheMSVisualC++andDelphidevelopmenttoolsfordevelopment.

4.Conclusion

ERISistodesignengineersandreliabilityanalystswidelyuseddevelopmentsystem.SuccessionthroughacombinationofInternetandclient/serverstructureoftheconcept,wehavethescopeinthedesignoftheengine,setupquicklytounderstandthereliabilityofthedesignenvironment.ThroughtheuseoftheInternet,thedistributionoftimetoinstallatooltoreducealotthanbefore.ERISalsoviatheInternettoprovideservicestootherorganizations.InternettechnologydevelopmentandwillstimulatepopularInternet-basedsystemtothetraditionalclient/serversystemchanges.譯文：基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的可靠性信息系統(tǒng)論文主要討論的是信息可靠性系統(tǒng)隨著廣域網(wǎng)和服務(wù)器構(gòu)造的發(fā)展。對(duì)系統(tǒng)中現(xiàn)有客戶和服務(wù)器進(jìn)行修正改造來(lái)執(zhí)行HTTP任務(wù)和高級(jí)制圖分析。同時(shí)，文章還對(duì)全球信息網(wǎng)的技術(shù)背景和關(guān)系，以及,客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器系統(tǒng)做了解釋分析。藉由系統(tǒng)開發(fā)，設(shè)計(jì)工程師和可信度分析家可以更為方便快捷地對(duì)系統(tǒng)的可靠性進(jìn)行分析。

關(guān)鍵字：信息系統(tǒng)，WWW，客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)，可靠性

1.引言

信息系統(tǒng)有廣泛的實(shí)際應(yīng)用性，它還可以對(duì)決定性策略做出有用判斷。一般認(rèn)為，信息系統(tǒng)是構(gòu)建在某一特定組織結(jié)構(gòu)模型數(shù)據(jù)流程。在可靠性工程學(xué)中，研究員在存取和數(shù)據(jù)分析方面會(huì)有一些困難.系統(tǒng)開發(fā)過(guò)程中積累的多數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)都是從可靠性分析家那里獲取的。在成份數(shù)據(jù)中,計(jì)算機(jī)每個(gè)成份的故障率時(shí)，特定應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)(舉例來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)用的重要程度，功能引腳的數(shù)字,等等.)對(duì)于系統(tǒng)開發(fā)者的設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)講都是很重要的。

在組織機(jī)構(gòu)中，客戶端/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)被視為整合計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)的好方法。與傳統(tǒng)集中計(jì)算機(jī)環(huán)境相比，在客戶端/服務(wù)器環(huán)境下，用戶共享數(shù)據(jù)、應(yīng)用、處理進(jìn)程都更加容易[1]。平衡工作的能力取決于應(yīng)用是客戶端/服務(wù)器系統(tǒng)的重要角色?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展成為了支持交互式數(shù)據(jù)顯示及分發(fā)的傳輸手段?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)在客戶端與服務(wù)器交互信息的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化方面獲得了巨大成功。同樣，在發(fā)展客戶端與服務(wù)器軟件或網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議時(shí)，如果沒有要求特殊資源，基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的系統(tǒng)可以迅速被創(chuàng)造。在本章，我們闡述了基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和客戶端/服務(wù)器技術(shù)的可靠性信息系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。第二章概述了客戶端/服務(wù)器計(jì)算的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)響應(yīng)。第三章介紹了可靠性信息系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)，并在第四章進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的研究總結(jié)和討論。2.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和客戶端/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系可以說(shuō)是兩個(gè)進(jìn)程合作運(yùn)行一些任務(wù)。它支持信息系統(tǒng)的完整性和可擴(kuò)充性[2]。Lyu(1995)論證了客戶端/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)的四項(xiàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)：成本降低、生產(chǎn)率提高、系統(tǒng)生命周期較長(zhǎng)以及更好的可用性。因此，客戶端/服務(wù)器系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)可行的信息系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶端/服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)的最簡(jiǎn)單的方法，就是在客戶端軟件的任務(wù)不過(guò)是顯示及格式化從服務(wù)器取得的信息時(shí)使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器。很多書目檢索系統(tǒng)就是代表性的例子。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器作為客戶端存取一個(gè)已存在的客戶端/服務(wù)器系統(tǒng)的平臺(tái)時(shí)，只有一類系統(tǒng)代碼（HTML和幫助代碼）需要維護(hù)。但對(duì)于其他系統(tǒng)，客戶端軟件在執(zhí)行代表服務(wù)器或用戶的額外任務(wù)的時(shí)候，協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制需要為基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器的客戶端運(yùn)行這些工作。典型的解決辦法是使用通用網(wǎng)關(guān)接口(CGI)程序。但由于種種原因，這一方法并不理想.。在一個(gè)基于CGI的系統(tǒng)中，所有通常由客戶端處理的任務(wù)必須由CGI程序模擬。因此增加了服務(wù)器的負(fù)擔(dān)。另一種從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器獲得客戶端/服務(wù)器應(yīng)用的方法是由Dossick和Kaiser發(fā)明的[3]。他們提出了一項(xiàng)以HTTP代理連接已存在的客戶端/服務(wù)器網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃。HTTP代理攔截HTTP數(shù)據(jù)請(qǐng)求，并使用原始設(shè)定把他們的請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)移向源系統(tǒng)。使用類似于Netscape的嵌入式APIs的瀏覽器專用工具創(chuàng)建客戶端/服務(wù)器系統(tǒng)的基于瀏覽器的客戶端是可行的。不過(guò)，使用這種APIs把產(chǎn)生的基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)客戶端軟件的使用限制在了專用平臺(tái)以及專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器上。這種不必要的限制抵消了很多創(chuàng)建基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)客戶端的好處。3.系統(tǒng)實(shí)施電子電信研究所(ETRI)開發(fā)了叫做ERIS的可靠性信息系統(tǒng)。它可以使用計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行合成系統(tǒng)的失誤率以及可靠性的計(jì)算[4]。ERIS的客戶端程序包括由兩個(gè)中立程序組成，他們處于不同的硬件平