職稱英語綜合類a級(jí)模擬49

職稱英語綜合類A級(jí)模擬49

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接

近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans

2、It'sanadvisableideatogetoutofthedispute.

A.wiseB.urgentC.uselessD.proper

3、Takevigorousexerciseforseveralhoursaweek.

A.energeticB.physicalC.regularD.free

4、Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.

A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD,bends

5、Everybodyisawareofthehazardsofsmoking.

A.evidenceB.dangerC.caseD.

picture

6、Thistextistoodifficulttocomprehend.

A.understandB.digestC.summarizeD.read

7、Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.

A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.

consumption

8、Hisdepartmentwillmergewithmine.

A.combineB.sellC.closeD.break

9、Thebenefitsareimmense.

A.immediateB.greatC.equalD.moderate

10>Butdecent,affordableaccommodationfornewcityresidentsisthinon

theground.

A.privateB.generalC.goodD.

special

11>Theroomwasfurnishedwiththesimplestessentialszabed,achair,and

atable.

A.suppliedB.gatheredC,graspedD.made

12>Theseprogrammesareofenormousvaluetooldpeople.

A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.

immense

13、Heemphasizedafeasibleplanwhichcanbeacceptedbythebothsides.

A.favorableB.possibleC.formalD.

genuine

14、Whendoesthenexttraindepart?

A.pullupB.pulldownC.pulloutD.pullin

15>Becauseadministeringthewholecompany,hesometimeshastoworkaroundthe

clock.

A.adjustingB.evaluatingC?engagingD.

managing

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供

的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文

中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

Food

Irradiatingfruits,vegetables,porkandchickentokillinsectsand

bacteriahasbeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministrationoverthepast

decadeorso.Irradiationofothermeatszsuchasbeefandlamb,isbeing

reviewed.Federalapprovaldoesnotrequirethatindustryadopttheprocess,

andfewfoodprocessorspresentlyofferirradiatedproducts.

Marketstudieshaveshownthatmanyconsumersareafraidthateating

irradiatedfoodsmaycausecancer,despitescientificstudiesthatprovethe

safetyoftreatedfoods.Somepeoplearguethatmoreseveregovernment

inspection,higherfoodsafetystandards,andmorecareful-preparation

practicesbyconsumersareallthatisneededtoensurethatfoodissafe.

Consequentlyzcompaniescurrentlyseenoneedtospendmillionsofdollars

outfittingprocessingplantswiththeequipmentnecessaryforaprocessthat

veryfewshoppersareinfavorof.

Allsupermarketsthatsellirradiatedfoodmustlabelthefoodeither

directlyonthepackaging,or,inthecaseofbulkitemslikefruitsandvegetables,

byplacingasignnearby.Thereisnorequirementforthelabelingofirradiated

foodservedbychainrestaurantsorhospitalsthatbuydirectlyfrom

distributorsznoranyregulationsforproductsthatcontainirradiated

ingredients.

Presently,theFDAallowsfoodtobetreatedwiththreetypesof

radiation—gammarays,high-energyelectrons,andXrays—andsetslimitson

doseszdependingonthetypeoffood.Theprincipleisthatthedosetobe

usedforacertaintypeoffoodshouldnotexceedtheamountthatissufficient

tokillmostharmfulinsectsandbacteriapresentinit.Differenttypesof

food,becauseoftheirmolecularcompositionszmayrequiredifferentdoses

ofradiation.

16、Accordingtothepassage,killinginsectsandbacteriapresentinfoods

byirradiatingisnotcompletelyapprovedbytheUSgovernment.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Therearequiteanumberoffoodprocessorswhichareinterestedinproducing

irritatedfoods.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Someconsumersaredoubtfulofthesafetyofirradiatedfoodsandsuggest

amoreseveregovernmentinspectionbetaken.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Somecompaniesforeseethepromisingfutureofsettingupfoodprocessing

factorieszalthoughtheydonotseetheneednow.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Itisrequiredthatlabelsplacedonirradiatedfoodornearbybulkitems

suchasvegetablesandfruitsshouldindicateirradiatedingredients.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Restaurantscanserveirradiatedfoodboughtdirectlyfromdistributors

withoutlabelingit.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22^ThepassagetellsusthatFDAapprovesirradiatingfoodtosomeextent

butirradiatedfoodisnotwidelyaccepted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1?4段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

TheMagicIoPersonalDigitalPen

1.CheckouttheioPersonalDigitalPenlaunchedbyLogitech：It1samagic

penthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteandtransferittoyourcomputer.

Andyoudon11havetolugahandhelddevicealongwithyouforittowork.

2.Logitech1stechnologyworkslikethis：Thepenwritesnormally,using

normalballpointpenink.Butwhileyouarewriting,atinycamerainside

thepenisalsotaking100snapshotspersecondofwhatyouaredoing,mapping

yourwritingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprintedonthepaper.Allthis

information—themovementofyourpenonthepaper,basically—isthenstored

digitallyinsidethepen,whetheryouarewritingnotesordrawingcomplex

diagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesinthepen*smemory.

Asfarasyouareconcerned,youarejustusinganormalpen.

3.ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connectedcradlethatthe

funbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhatyouhavedone,

andbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethelasttimeit

wasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhavetickedcertainboxesonthespecial

notepad,itcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedtobeane-mailz

a"todoHtask,oradiagramtobeinsertedintoawordprocessingdocument.

Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthem,printthemoutorconvert

themtootherformats.

4.TheioPersonalDigitalPenisaneatandsimplesolutiontotheproblem

ofstoring,sharingandretrievinghandwrittennotes,aswellasforhandling

diagrams,picturesandothernon-textdoodling.Youdon*thavetocarrya

laptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodoisjustwhipoutthepenandthe

specialpaperandyouareoff.

5.Itisagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutowork

differently—walkingaroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarm,orcarrying

withyouextrabitsandpieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpen

ifyouneeditto,whilethespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.

Theonlystrangelookswillbefrompeoplewhoarecuriouswhyyouarewriting

withacigar.

6.TheioPersonalDigitalPenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.FedEx,for

example,isintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfillout

formsbyhand—insteadofpunchinglettersintocumbersomedevices.Oncethat

dataisdigitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringit

wirelesslytoacentralcomputer,forexample,orviaahandphone.Doctors

couldtransmittheirprescriptionsdirectlytopharmacieszreducingfraud：

policemencouldsendtheirreportsbacktothestation,reducingpaperwork.

A.FriendlyandConvenientDevice

B.WaystoDownloadtheStoredInformation

C.ExamplesofOtherPotentialApplicationsoftheIoPen

D.Customers*PassionfortheIoPen

E.FedExtheFirstUseroftheIoPen

F.WorkingPrincipleoftheIoPersonalDigitalPen

23^Paragraph2_______

24、Paragraph3_______

25>Paragraph5_______

26、Paragraph6_______

27、ThereisnoneedtolearnhowtousetheioPersonalDigitalPenbecause

A.youdon*thavetocarryyourlaptopalong

B.theinformationwillbeshowndigitallyonthepen

C.FedExhasspecialsoftwaretostoreyourinformation

D.itworkslikeanordinarypen

E.yousimplyplacethepenintoitscomputerconnectedcradle

F.themovementofyourpenisrecordeddigitallyinsidethepen

28>Ifyouwanttodownloadwhatyouhavedonewiththemagicpen,

29、Themagicpenisparticularlyconvenientwhenyouworkawayfromhome

orofficebecause.

30、Nomatterwhatyouwriteordraw,.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

弟局

WhyDon*tBabiesTalkLikeAdults?

Overthepasthalfcentury,scientistshavesettledontworeasonable

theoriesrelatedtobabytalk.Onestatesthatayoungchild1sbrainneeds

timetomasterlanguage,inthesamewaythatitdoestomasterotherabilities

suchasphysicalmovement.Thesecondtheorystatesthatachild1svocabulary

levelisthekeyfactor.Accordingtothistheory,somekeystepshaveto

occurinalogicalsequencebeforesentenceformationoccurs.Children1s

mathematicalknowledgedevelopsinthesameway.

In2007zresearchersatHarvardUniversity,whowerestudyingthetwo

theories,foundacleverwaytotestthem.Morethan20,000internationally

adoptedchildrenentertheUSeachyear.Manyofthemnolongerheartheir

birthlanguageaftertheyarrive,andtheymustlearnEnglishmoreorless

thesamewayinfantsdo—thatiszbylisteningandbytrialanderror.

Internationaladopteesdon11takeclassesoruseadictionarywhentheyare

learningtheirnewtongueandmostofthemdon11haveawelldevelopedfirst

language.Allofthesefactorsmakethemanidealpopulationinwhichtotest

thesecompetinghypothesesabouthowlanguageislearned.

NeuroscientistsJesseSnedeker,JoyGerenandCarissaShaftostudiedthe

languagedevelopmentof27childrenadoptedfromChinabetweentheagesof

twoandfiveyears.ThesechildrenbeganlearningEnglishatanolderage

thanUSnativesandhadmorematurebrainswithwhichtotacklethetask.

Evenso,justaswithAmericanborninfantsztheirfirstEnglishsentences

consistedofsinglewordsandwerelargelybereft（缺乏的）offunctionwords,

wordendingsandverbs.Theadopteesthenwentthroughthesamestagesas

typicalAmericanbornchildren,thoughatafasterclip.Theadopteesand

nativechildrenstartedcombingwordsinsentenceswhentheirvocabularyreached

thesamesizes,furthersuggestingthatwhatmatterisnothowoldyouare

orhowmatureyourbrainis,butthenumberofwordsyouknow.

Thisfinding—thathavingmorematurebrainsdidnothelptheadopteesavoid

thetoddler-talkstage—suggeststhatbabiesspeakinbabytalknotbecause

theyhavebabybrains,butbecausetheyhaveonlyjuststartedlearningand

needtimetogainenoughvocabularytobeabletoexpandtheirconversations.

Beforelong,theone-wordstagewillgivewaytothetwo-wordstageandso

on.Learninghowtochatlikeanadultisagradualprocess.

Butthispotentialansweralsoraisesanevenolderandmoredifficult

question.Adultimmigrantswholearnasecondlanguagerarelyacheivethe

sameproficiencyinaforeignlanguageastheaveragechildraisedasanative

speaker.Researchershavelongsuspectedthereisa"criticalperiod"for

languagedevelopmentzafterwhichitcannotproceedwithfullsuccesstofluency

Yetwestilldonotunderstandthiscriticalperiodorknowwhyitends.

31>Whatisthewriter1smainpurposeinParagraph2?

A.Torejecttheviewthatadoptedchildrenneedtwolanguages.

B.Toarguethatcultureaffectsthewaychildrenlearnalanguage.

C.Togivereasonswhyadoptedchildrenwereusedinthestudy.

D.Tojustifyaparticularapproachtolanguagelearning.

32>Snedeker,GerenandShaftobasedtheirstudyonchildrenwho.

A.werefindingitdifficulttolearnEnglish

B.werelearningEnglishatalateragethanUSchildren

C.hadcomefromanumberoflanguagebackgrounds

D.hadtakenEnglishlessonsinChina

33、Whataspectoftheadoptedchildren1slanguagedevelopmentdifferedfrom

thatofUSbornchildren?

A.Therateatwhichtheyacquiredlanguage.

B.Theirfirstwords.

C.ThewaytheylearntEnglish.

D.Thepointatwhichtheystartedproducingsentences.

34、WhatdoestheHarvardfindingshow?

A.Notalltoddlersusebabytalk.

B.Somechildrenneedmoreconversationthanothers.

C.Languagelearningtakesplaceinorderedsteps.

D.Notallbrainsworkinthesameway.

35、Whenthewritersays"criticalperiod"zhemeansaperiodwhen.

A.studiesproduceusefulresults

B.adultsneedtobetaughtlikechildren

C.languagelearningtakesplaceeffectively

D.immigrantswanttolearnanotherlanguage

弟一^扁

DNAFingerprinting

DNAisthegeneticmaterialfoundwithinthecellnucleiofallliving

things.Inmammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）thestrandsofDNAaregroupedintostructures

calledchromosomes（染色體）.Withtheexceptionofidenticaltwins,thecomplete

DNAofeachindividualisunique.

DNAfingerprintingissometimescalledDNAtyping.Itisamethodof

identificationthatcomparesbitsofDNA.ADNAfingerprintisconstructed

byfirstdrawingoutaDNAsamplefrombodytissueorfluidsuchashair,

blood,orsaliva（口垂液）.Thesampleisthensegmentedusingenzymes（酶）,and

thesegmentsarearrangedbysize.Thesegmentsaremarkedwithprobesand

exposedonX-rayfilm,wheretheyformapatternofblackbars—theDNAfingerprint.

IftheDNAfingerprintsproducedfromtwodifferentsamplesmatch,thetwo

samplesprobablycamefromthesameperson.

DNAfingerprintingwasfirstdevelopedasanidentificationtechniquein

1985.Originallyusedtodetectthepresenceofgeneticdiseases,itsoon

cametobeusedincriminalinvestigationsandlegalaffairs.Thefirstcriminal

convictionbasedonDNAevidenceintheUnitedStatesoccurredin1988.In

criminalinvestigationszDNAfingerprintsderivedfromevidencecollected

atthecrimescenearecomparedtotheDNAfingerprintsofsuspects.Generally,

courtshaveacceptedthereliabilityofDNAtestingandadmittedDNAtest

resultsintoevidence.However,DNAfingerprintingiscontroversialinanumber

ofareas：theaccuracyoftheresults,thecostoftesting,andthepossible

misuseofthetechnique.

TheaccuracyofDNAfingerprintinghasbeenchallengedforseveralreasons.

First,becauseDNAsegmentsratherthancompleteDNAstrandsare"fingerprinted”：

aDNAfingerprintmaynotbeunique；largescaleresearchtoconfirmthe

uniquenessofDNAfingerprintingtestresultshasnotbeenconducted.In

addition,DNAfingerprintingisoftendoneinprivatelaboratoriesthatmay

notfollowuniformtestingstandardsandqualitycontrols.Also,sincehuman

beingsmustinterpretthetest,humanerrorcouldleadtofalseresults.

DNAfingerprintingisexpensive.Suspectswhoareunabletoprovidetheir

ownDNAtoexpertsmaynotbeabletosuccessfullydefendthemselvesagainst

chargesbasedonDNAevidence.

WidespreaduseofDNAtestingforidentificationpurposesmayleadtothe

establishmentofaDNAfingerprintdatabase.

36、Iftwosistersareidenticaltwins,theircompleteDNAsare.

A.thesameB.unique

C.differentD.similar

37>DNAfingerprintingisatechniqueof.

A.groupingDNAstrandsintostructures

B.segmentingDNAwithprobes

C.constructingbodytissuesbyenzymes

D.identifyingapersonbycomparingDNAs

38、DNAfingerprintingwasfirstusedin.

A.criminalinvestigation

B.animalreproduction

C.privatelaboratories

D.geneticdiseasedetection

39、PeoplequestionthereliabilityofDNAfingerprintingfor

A.thesubjectiveinterpretationoftestresults

B.itscomplexprocedure

C.itslargescaleresearch

D.itsuniformtestingstandards

40、ItcaninferredfromParagraph5thatDNAfingerprinting.

A.iscostlytothepolice

B.couldbeasocialissue

C.istheonlywaytoproveinnocence

D.hasbeenaprofitablebusiness

第機(jī)二—篇機(jī)

Caffeine

Caffeineisprobablythemostwidelyuseddrugintheworld.Humanshave

beenconsumingcaffeineforhundredsofyearszprimarilyintheformofcoffee,

tea,andcocoa.Habitualcoffeeandteadrinkershadlongbeenobservedto

havealowerincidenceofnon-melanoma（黑色素瘤）skincancerszalthoughno

oneknewwhy.Arecentstudyfoundthatcaffeineaffectsskincellsdamaged

byultravioletradiation,amaincauseofskincancer.Caffeineinterferes

withaproteinthatcancerouscellsneedtosurvive,leavingthedamagedcells

todiebeforetheybecomecancerous.Drinkingcaffeinatedcoffeehasalso

beenassociatedwithadecreasedincidenceofendometrial（子宮內(nèi)膜的）

cancer—thatis,cancerofthecellsliningtheuterus—thestrongesteffect

appearstobeinoverweightwomen,whoareatgreatestriskforthedisease.

Researchersbelievebloodsugar,fatcells,andestrogen（雌性激素）mayplay

arole.Althoughthemechanismremainsunknown,peoplewhodrinkmorethan

twocupsofcoffeeorteaadayreportedlyhaveabouthalftheriskofdeveloping

chronicliverdiseaseasthosewhodrinklessthanonecupofcoffeedaily；

caffeinatedcoffeehasalsobeenassociatedwithloweredriskofcirrhosis

（月干硬化）andlivercancer.

Whilemanyofcaffeine*sundesirableeffects,suchaselevatedheartrate

andbloodpressure,arebriefzsomeshort-termbenefitszincludingpainreliefz

increasedalertness,andincreasedphysicalendurance,havealsobeen

attributedtocaffeine.Asacomponentofnumerousoverthecounterdietpills

andpainrelieverszcaffeineincreasestheireffectivenessandhelpsthebody

absorbthemmorequickly.Byconstricting（收縮）bloodvesselsinthebrain,

itcanalleviateheadaches—evenmigraines（偏頭痛）一andcanhelpcounterthe

drowsiness（眩暈）causedbyantihistamines（抗組月安藥）.

Caffeinedoesnotaltertheneedforsleep,butitdoesofferatemporary

solutiontofatigueforpeoplewhoneedtostayalert.Researchhasshown

thatsleepdeprivedindividualswhoconsumedcaffeinehadimprovedmemory

andreasoningabilities,atleastintheshortterm.Studiesofrunnersand

cyclistshaveshownthatcaffeinecanimprovetheirstamina—henceitsaddition

toenergyboostingsportsdrinks.

Peoplewhoconsumealotofcaffeineregularlymaydeveloptemporary-

withdrawalsymptoms,headachebeingthemostcommon,iftheyquitorcutback

onitabruptly.Fortunately,thesesymptomslastonlyadayortwoinmost

cases.Individualswhoaremoresensitivetothestimulatorysideeffects

ofcaffeinemaywanttoavoiditzbutmostdoctorsagreethattheequivalent

ofthreecupsofcoffeeadaydoesnotharmhealthypeople.Thereisnomedical

basistogiveupdailycaffeineandmanyreaso