專題10閱讀表達(dá)a-補(bǔ)全短文(六選五)-備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語(yǔ)臨考題號(hào)押題(四川成都卷)

押四川成都B卷第四題閱讀表達(dá)A：補(bǔ)全短文(六選五)本題主要考查考生在閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法的能力，其目的在于評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生在給定語(yǔ)境中正確理解并綜合選用給定詞匯以表達(dá)思想的能力，是融完形填空與閱讀理解為一體的半控制性的一種綜合型能力測(cè)試。其難度高于A卷的完形填空與閱讀理解。學(xué)生只有把握文本的主題思想，進(jìn)行邏輯推理和語(yǔ)篇分析，才能較好地完成該部分試題。通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇閱讀，本題可以測(cè)試學(xué)生根據(jù)句中、句間和篇章信息，利用背景知識(shí)和上下文邏輯關(guān)系，恰當(dāng)使用單詞正確形式以實(shí)現(xiàn)達(dá)意的語(yǔ)用能力。通過(guò)閱讀語(yǔ)篇，學(xué)生也能知奇趣英式幽默，品全球多元文化，增個(gè)體人文素養(yǎng)，長(zhǎng)國(guó)際理解能力。分析成都近幾年中考真題可知，補(bǔ)全短文題型的命題特點(diǎn)具體如下：1.考查形式：2013～2020年為6選5,2012年為5選5；2.文體：說(shuō)明文(10年10考)；3.話題：事物介紹(10年8考)、生活百科(2018;2017)；4.詞數(shù)：175～390之間；生詞量：0～4個(gè)；5.設(shè)題方式：設(shè)空均勻，段首設(shè)空(10年10道)，段中設(shè)空(10年23道)，段尾設(shè)空(10年17道)，所給備選項(xiàng)以單句為主，少量涉及復(fù)合句。2014年選項(xiàng)為6個(gè)半句，其余年份為完整的句子(2013年兩個(gè)備選項(xiàng)由兩句話組成)。句子還原型題型的設(shè)空特點(diǎn)通常為在段首/段尾設(shè)空，一般考查以下兩方面：①段首/段尾主題句。空格在段首，通常是段落主題句或段落小標(biāo)題；空格在段尾，一般是對(duì)上文或全文的總結(jié)概括；②段首/段尾過(guò)渡句/細(xì)節(jié)句。過(guò)渡句：在段首/段尾的句子有時(shí)承上啟下，應(yīng)注意瞻前顧后，段尾句有時(shí)是為了引出下一段內(nèi)容；細(xì)節(jié)句：段尾句作為細(xì)節(jié)句時(shí)，常是對(duì)空前內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充，或者與空前內(nèi)容是并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折或因果關(guān)系。在段中位置設(shè)空，一般是段落的細(xì)節(jié)句或過(guò)渡句。因此考生做題時(shí)，一定要注意空格前后的關(guān)鍵詞和過(guò)渡詞，而不要因只關(guān)注題空選項(xiàng)，而忽略了所選選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是否與空格前后句內(nèi)容一致。此外，還應(yīng)掌握以下三大微技能。微技能1把握上下文語(yǔ)境，若文中沒(méi)有明顯的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系等關(guān)鍵詞或句式的提示，考生可通過(guò)理解挖空處上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)作答。具體方法如下：第一步：理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容和事件的發(fā)展時(shí)間及過(guò)程。第二步：根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)或事情發(fā)展順序，找出設(shè)空處與前后文之間的關(guān)系(常見(jiàn)的有承上啟下、總結(jié)、解釋等)。第三步：根據(jù)前后文關(guān)系，聯(lián)系語(yǔ)境與備選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)對(duì)比選出正確答案。第四步：注意空前空后句中出現(xiàn)的代詞，并確定其意義。弄清代詞指代的是單數(shù)名詞還是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。結(jié)合指代意義和單復(fù)數(shù)解題。第五步：分析語(yǔ)境，注意空前空后句子語(yǔ)義上、邏輯上的關(guān)系。分析選項(xiàng)所表示的邏輯關(guān)系。將選項(xiàng)帶入原文，檢查邏輯是否合理。解答此類試題，通常需要考慮以下四類邏輯關(guān)系：并列遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(and,also,besides,then,first,second,notonly...butalso...,inadditionto等)、因果關(guān)系(because,becauseof,for,since,as,so,thanksto,asaresult,therefore,forthisreason等)、轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系(but,however,yet,though,although,evenif等)、解釋例證關(guān)系(inotherwords,thatistosay,itmeans...,infact,suchas,forexample等)。具體如下：第六步：通讀上下文，注意空前空后句子中出現(xiàn)的表示時(shí)間順序或空間順序等的詞匯，例如：first/second/third...；atthebeginning/next/intheend...。第七步：按照文章發(fā)展邏輯確定空處所處“位置”，并分析選項(xiàng)。第八步：通讀上下文，注意空前空后句子中出現(xiàn)的表示舉例的詞匯或語(yǔ)義，例如：forexample,suchas,like...。對(duì)比分析選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合空格前后的具體內(nèi)容，找出可能合適的答案。第九步：介紹段落主旨時(shí)，常會(huì)有核心詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，但不是詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)，而是核心詞以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞出現(xiàn)。在做題時(shí)，注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與原文意思相同、相近或相反的詞匯。第十步：相似結(jié)構(gòu)找線索成都補(bǔ)全短文的體裁為說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明文常采用“總—分”或“總—分—總”形式，第一段說(shuō)明文章的主題，下面幾段從不同角度說(shuō)明問(wèn)題，最后一段總結(jié)，各段之間多是平行關(guān)系。文章在句式的使用上，多出現(xiàn)相似句型。有時(shí)設(shè)空句是句子的某一部分，所以可以借助相似句型和句子結(jié)構(gòu)解題。A（2020·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的A~F選項(xiàng)中,選出5個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文。Closefriends,thinkalike?“What!You,too?IbelievedIwastheonlyone.”Haveyoueversaidsomethinglikethistosomeone?_____1_____Itseemsthatsimilarityoftenhelpsformfriendship.TheGreekthinkerAristotleoncesaid,“Peopleregardfriendshipasamatterofsimilarity;theysaythatwelovethosewhoarelikeour-selves.”____2____ScientistsfromUniversityofCaliforniasaidfriendshavesimilarbehaviors,ScientificAmericanreported.Thescientistsinvited42universitystudentstotakepartinatest.Eachstudentwatchedthesamesetofvideos,whichincludedacomedy,adiscussionandasoccermatch._____3_____Accordingtotheirscans,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoreactedinsimilarways.Similarpartsoftheirbrainslitupwhilewatchingthevideos,especiallypartsthatareconnectedwithmotivation(動(dòng)機(jī)),learningandmemory.____4____“Seeingone’sfriendshavesimilarbehaviorswillreinforce(強(qiáng)化)one’sownvalues,opinions,andinterests,”leadscientistCarolynParkinsontoldBusinessInsider.___5___ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthatfriendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyouaretosomeone.Thescientistsdidatestwithfirst-yearcollegestudentsthefirsttimetheymetinclass.Inthistest,studentswhosatinneighboringseatsweremorelikelytobecomefriends.A．Now,thereissomesciencebehindthisidea.B．Ifso,youmayhaveendedupbecomingfriendswiththisperson.C．Friendssharealotofsimilarities,thoughtherearesomedifferences.D．Butbrainsimilarityisnottheonlythingthatcanresultinfriendship.E．However,peoplewhoweren’tfriendshaddifferentreactionstothesamevideos.F．Atthesametime,scientistsscannedtheirbrainsandrecordedtheirbrainactivity.【答案】1．B2．A3．F4．E5．D【分析】本文主要敘述大腦相似性可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生友誼，但這并不是友誼產(chǎn)生的唯一因素。1．句意：如果是這樣的話，你可能最終和這個(gè)人成為了朋友。分析上下文可知，前文提及可能與別人有相同的想法，后文說(shuō)到相似之處似乎有助于建立友誼。所以此處內(nèi)容與友誼和相似性相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B。2．句意：現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)想法背后有一些科學(xué)依據(jù)。根據(jù)后句“ScientistsfromUniversityofCaliforniasaidfriendshavesimilarbehaviors,ScientificAmericanreported.”可知，據(jù)《科學(xué)美國(guó)人》報(bào)道，加州大學(xué)的科學(xué)家稱，朋友之間也有類似的行為。后文提及科學(xué)依據(jù)，所以此處與科學(xué)研究相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。3．句意：與此同時(shí)，科學(xué)家掃描了他們的大腦并記錄了他們的大腦活動(dòng)。根據(jù)后句“Accordingtotheirscans,friendswhowatchedthesamevideoreactedinsimilarways.”可知，根據(jù)掃描結(jié)果，看了同一段視頻的朋友的反應(yīng)是相似的。此處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與掃描相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選F。4．句意：然而，那些不是朋友的人對(duì)同樣的視頻有不同的反應(yīng)。分析上下文可知，上文做了掃描的研究，指出看了同一段視頻的朋友的反應(yīng)是相似的，研究結(jié)果呈現(xiàn)的應(yīng)該不止一種結(jié)果，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，“那些不是朋友的人對(duì)同樣的視頻有不同的反應(yīng)”符合，故選E。5．句意：但是大腦的相似性并不是導(dǎo)致友誼的唯一因素。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“ScientistsfromtheUniversityofLeipzig,Germany,foundthatfriendshipisalsobasedonhowphysicallycloseyouaretosomeone.”可知，德國(guó)萊比錫大學(xué)的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，友誼還取決于你和某人的身體距離，所以前文敘述的大腦的相似性并不是導(dǎo)致友誼的唯一因素，還有其他因素存在。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D。B（2021·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theinventionofbarcodes(條形碼)isbasedonaverysimpleidea.Weonlyneedtogiveeachproductaspecificnumberandprintit.__6__Itcansimplyprintthenumberitself.Butthiscancauseproblems.Forexample,anunclearlyprinted“seven”couldlooklikea“one”toacomputer.It’salsotruefor“three”and“eight”.___7___Weneedabetterwayofprintingnumberssothattheycanbereadcorrectlyathighspeeds.That’stheproblembarcodessolve.Eachnumberinabarcodeisshownbysevenblocksofthesamesize.__8__Forexample,thenumber“one”isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes(條),twoblackstripes,twowhitestripes,andoneblackstripe.__9__Abarcodeincludesdifferentpartsandeachoneprovidesaspecificmeaning.Thefirstpartofabarcodetellsyouthecountrywheretheproductwasmade.Forexample,690—692isthebarcodeforChina.___10___Thefinalpartisabouttheproductitself.Thisishowbarcodeswork.A．Thencomputerscanreaditdirectly.B．Allinformationcanbeshownbybarcodes.C．Thenextparttellsyouwhoproducedtheproduct.D．And“nine”lookssimilarto“six”ifyouturnitupsidedown.E．Evenifyouturnitupsidedown,itisn’tsimilartoanyothernumber.F．Thesearecoloredeitherblackorwhitetoshowthenumberzerotonine.【答案】6．A7．D8．F9．E10．C【分析】本文主要介紹了條形碼的相關(guān)知識(shí)。6．根據(jù)“Weonlyneedtogiveeachproductaspecificnumberandprintit.”可知，上文講述了如何使用條形碼，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)A“然后計(jì)算機(jī)可以直接讀取?！苯榻B接下來(lái)的步驟。故選A。7．根據(jù)“Forexample,anunclearlyprinted‘seven’couldlooklikea‘one’toacomputer.It’salsotruefor‘three’and‘eight’.”可知，上文介紹僅僅打印數(shù)字會(huì)存在數(shù)字混淆的問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D“如果你把它翻過(guò)來(lái)，’九’看起來(lái)和’六’很像?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。8．根據(jù)“Forexample,thenumber‘one’isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes,twoblackstripes,twowhitestripes,andoneblackstripe.”可知，數(shù)字“1”可以用白色和黑色的條來(lái)表示，選項(xiàng)F“它們被涂成黑色或白色來(lái)表示數(shù)字0到9。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。9．根據(jù)“That’stheproblembarcodessolve.”以及“Forexample,thenumber“one”isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes...”可知，條形碼用白色和黑色的條解決了數(shù)字混淆的問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)E“即使你把它顛倒過(guò)來(lái)，它也和其他數(shù)字不一樣?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。10．根據(jù)“Thefirstpartofabarcodetellsyouthecountrywheretheproductwasmade.”以及“Thefinalpartisabouttheproductitself.”可知，此處介紹條形碼的最后部分，選項(xiàng)C“下一部分告訴你是誰(shuí)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。C（2022·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）補(bǔ)全短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A-F選項(xiàng)中，選出5個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文。Brainstormingisthepracticeofcomingupwithideasorsolutions.__11__Butwedohavesomerulestofollowforsuccessfulbrainstorming.Focusonquantity(數(shù)量)overquality.Whenitcomestobrainstorming,themoreideas,thebetter.Don’tworryaboutthequalityofyourideasfornow.__12__Rememberthatyourgoalistocomeupwithasmanyideasaspossible.Evenifnoneofthemareperfect,you’llstillhavemanycreativeideastouseforyourfinalplan.Encouragebigorunusualideas.__13__Althoughunusualideasmaynotbeimmediatelypractical,justcreatingthoseideasgivesyourbraintraining.Itcanalsohelptoproducecreativesolutionsthatarehardtocomeupwith.__14__Don’tsaynototheideasofothers.Youcanputtogetherthebestpartsofdifferentideastocreatenew,evenbetterones.Evenifyou’renotbrainstormingasagroup,youshouldstillthinkaboutsharingyourideaswithothersandaskingthemfortheiradvice.Youdon’thavetoregardyourselfasaverycreativepersontocomeupwithexcellentideasandsolutionsatonce.__15__Evenifyoudon’tfindtheperfectsolution,justpracticingitcanhelptoimproveyourcreativity.Putthesetipstogetherandyouaresuretocomeupwithsomegreatideas.A．Shareideaswitheachother.B．Brainstormingcanhelpunlockideas.C．There’snocorrectwaytobrainstorm.D．Justsayorwriteanyideathatcomestomind.E．Youcanpracticebrainstormingskillswheneveryouwantto.F．Don’tgiveupyourideas,nomatterhowstrangetheyseemtobe.【答案】11．C12．D13．F14．A15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了一些成功的頭腦風(fēng)暴要遵循的規(guī)則。11．根據(jù)“Butwedohavesomerulestofollowforsuccessfulbrainstorming”可知雖然沒(méi)有頭腦風(fēng)暴的正確方法，但是有一些規(guī)則，選項(xiàng)C“沒(méi)有正確的頭腦風(fēng)暴方法”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。12．根據(jù)“Don’tworryaboutthequalityofyourideasfornow”以及“Rememberthatyourgoalistocomeupwithasmanyideasaspossible”可知不要擔(dān)心想法的質(zhì)量，只要想出盡可能多的想法，把它們說(shuō)出來(lái)或者寫(xiě)下來(lái)，選項(xiàng)D“只要說(shuō)出或?qū)懴孪氲降娜魏蜗敕ā狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。13．根據(jù)“Encouragebigorunusualideas”可知此處內(nèi)容和不同尋常的或者奇怪的想法有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“不要放棄你的想法，無(wú)論它們看起來(lái)多么奇怪”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。14．根據(jù)“Don’tsaynototheideasofothers”以及本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了要和其他人分享想法，選項(xiàng)A“和其他人分享想法”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。15．根據(jù)“Evenifyoudon’tfindtheperfectsolution,justpracticingitcanhelptoimproveyourcreativity”可知此處說(shuō)明頭腦風(fēng)暴的好處，選項(xiàng)B“頭腦風(fēng)暴可以幫助解鎖想法”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。A（2023·四川成都·樹(shù)德中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Inmanycountries,tattoosareinfashion(時(shí)尚).OnTVyoucanoftenseeafamousactorormusicianwithatattooonhisarmorfoot.Manysportsplayershavethem,too.____16____FortypercentofAmericansagedbetween26and40haveatattoo,and60percentofcustomersintattoostoresarewomen.Thesepeopleareoftenprofessionalpeoplelikedoctor,teachersandlawyers.However,tattoosarenotmodern.Infact,theyareveryoldinhumanhistory.Forexample,archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)foundahumaninicefrom5,000yearsago.Hehad57tattoosonhisback,ankles,legs,kneesandfeet.____17____InancientEgypt,peoplegottattoosbecausetheywere“beautiful”.ButinancientRome,tattooswerenegative(負(fù)面的)andputoncriminalsandprisoners.InIndia,tattooswerereligious(宗教的).Inthe16thand17thcentury,Europeansailors(船員)arrivedontheislandsofPolynesia.Theysawtattoosforthefirsttime.Thepeopleontheislandshadtattoosontheirshoulders,chests,backsandlegs.____18____TheEuropeansailorslikedthemandmadetheirowntattoos,sotheideatraveledtoEurope.TattoosinPolynesiaarestillimportanttoday.____19____Soisthereaconnectionbetweentraditionaltattoosandfashionabletattoos?Andcanyoucalltattoosafashion?ChrisRainierisanexpertintattoosandhisbookAncientMarkshasphotosoftattoosfromallovertheworld.Hethinkspeopleinmodemsocietiesoftenhavetattoosbecausetheyareaconnectiontothetraditionalworld.____20____Theyarepermanent(永久的)andforlife.A．Oftenthetattooswereofanimalsornaturalfeatureslikeariveroramountain.B．It’snormaltoseepeoplewithtattoosallaroundtheworld.C．Tattooswereusedformanydifferentreasons.D．Buttattoosaren’tafashionlikeclothesorahaircutbecauseyoucan’tputthemonandtakethemoffagainlikeajacketorahat.E．IntheUS,tattoosareverypopular.F．Theyshowinformationaboutaperson’shistory,theirislandortheirjob.【答案】16．E17．C18．A19．F20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了紋身的用途和歷史。16．根據(jù)“FortypercentofAmericansagedbetween26and40haveatattoo,and60percentofcustomersintattoostoresarewomen.”可知有很多美國(guó)人紋身，選項(xiàng)E“在美國(guó)，紋身非常流行?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選E。17．根據(jù)“InancientEgypt,peoplegottattoosbecausetheywere‘beautiful’.ButinancientRome,tattooswerenegative(負(fù)面的)andputoncriminalsandprisoners.InIndia,tattooswerereligious(宗教的).”可知此處是介紹紋身的作用，選項(xiàng)C“紋身被用于許多不同的原因?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。18．根據(jù)“Thepeopleontheislandshadtattoosontheirshoulders,chests,backsandlegs...TheEuropeansailorslikedthemandmadetheirowntattoos,sotheideatraveledtoEurope”可知島上的人們?cè)诩绨颉⑿夭?、背部和腿部都有紋身，而且歐洲水手喜歡它們，并制作了自己的紋身，所以空處應(yīng)填歐洲水手喜歡的東西，選項(xiàng)A“紋身通常是動(dòng)物或自然特征，如河流或山脈。”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。19．根據(jù)“sotheideatraveledtoEurope.TattoosinPolynesiaarestillimportanttoday.”可知是指在身上紋身的想法傳到了歐洲，而且在如今波利尼西亞的紋身仍然很重要。選項(xiàng)F“它們顯示了一個(gè)人的歷史、他們居住的島嶼或工作的信息?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選F。20．根據(jù)“Theyarepermanent(永久的)andforlife.”可知紋身是永久的，而且是終身的。選項(xiàng)D“但紋身不像衣服或發(fā)型那樣是一種時(shí)尚，因?yàn)槟悴荒芟裢馓谆蛎弊幽菢哟魃嫌置撓??！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選D。B（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A-F選項(xiàng)中，選出5個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文。CanyouimagineanAIchatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)competingwithyouinanexamination?Doyouthinkyoucouldgethigherscoresthanit?AnewAIchatbotcalledChatGPTrecentlypassedalawschoolexam!Soundscrazy?____21____ChatGPTwasdevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI.____22____Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1000students,over89percentofthemhaveusedChatGPTtohelpwithhomework.____23____Forexample,NewYorkCitypublicschoolsdon’tallowstudentsandteacherstouseChatGPTonthedistrict’snetworksanddevices(設(shè)備).Themeasure(措施)comesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatonhomework.____24____“Itdoesnotdevelopthinkingqualityandproblem-solvingskills,whicharenecessaryforstudyingandlifelongsuccess,”saidJennaLyle.Apartfrombans(禁令),teachersaremakingchangestotheirclassestopreventtheuseofChatGPT.SomecollegeteachersintheUStrytoincludemorespeakingexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadoftypedones.____25____SomeCanadianuniversitiesaremakingrulesonitsuse,forbothstudentsandteachers.Theyhavenoplanstocompletelybanthetoolsofar.SomepeoplesaidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotwise.“WehavetoknowthatAIisatoolpeoplewilluse,”Whatweneedtodois“changeourlearning,teachingandexaminations”.Inthatwaywecan“haveintegrity(誠(chéng)信)whilerecognizingtheuseofthetool”.A．Itisapowerfultool.B．Soitisverypopularamongstudents.C．However,notalleducatorssay“no”toChatGPT.D．SomeschoolsintheUSdonotallowstudentstouseit.E．TheuseofChatGPThasraisedheateddiscussionsintheeducationworld.F．SomealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtospreadincorrectinformation.【答案】21．E22．A23．D24．F25．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了AI聊天機(jī)器人ChatGPT的相關(guān)信息及教育界人士對(duì)ChatGPT的看法。21．根據(jù)下文有些學(xué)校禁止使用ChatGPT而有些學(xué)校則不禁止?？赏瞥龃颂幹v這個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人引發(fā)了熱議，E項(xiàng)“ChatGPT的使用在教育界引起了熱烈的討論?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。22．根據(jù)“Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.”可知ChatGPT是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的工具，A項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的工具?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選A。23．根據(jù)“Forexample,NewYorkCitypublicschoolsdon’tallowstudentsandteacherstouseChatGPTonthedistrict’snetworksanddevices.”可知下文就美國(guó)不允許使用ChatGPT的學(xué)校給出了例子，D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的一些學(xué)校不允許學(xué)生使用它?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。24．根據(jù)“Themeasurecomesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatonhomework.”可知此處介紹另外一些擔(dān)憂，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“一些人還擔(dān)心ChatGPT可能被用來(lái)傳播不正確的信息?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。25．根據(jù)“Theyhavenoplanstocompletelybanthetoolsofar.SomepeoplesaidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotwise.”可知并非所有教育工作者都認(rèn)為需要禁止使用ChatGPT，C項(xiàng)“然而，并不是所有的教育工作者都對(duì)ChatGPT說(shuō)’不’?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。C（2022·四川成都·?？级＃└鶕?jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選擇出適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文（有一選項(xiàng)多余），并將選項(xiàng)的編號(hào)字母依次填入答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。Haveyouevermetsomeonewho“l(fā)ookslike”theirnames?___26___Scientistsaresuggestingthathumanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirlooks,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusaleminIsraelcollectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeled(貼標(biāo)簽)eachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.____27____Itseemsthathumansrecognizecertaincharacteristics(特點(diǎn))thatcangivethemclues(線索)aboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.____28____Volunteerswerealsonotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousenicknames(昵稱).Thisshowsthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,”RuthMayo,fromtheuniversity,toldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Previousstudieshaveshownthatgenderandrace(種族)stereotype(偏見(jiàn))canaffectaperson’sappearance.____29____Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.___30___.Theyexpectthemtobedelicate(嬌弱的)andfeminine(有女性氣質(zhì)的),justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.A．However,thisonlyworkswhenwe’relookingatnameswithinourownculture.B．Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.C．PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.D．However,somescientistsbelieveitonlyhappensbychanceE．Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.F．Whatdoesthismean,exactly?【答案】26．F27．B28．A29．E30．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了人們可以把人的名字和他們的外表人聯(lián)系在一起，甚至可以根據(jù)長(zhǎng)相猜出某人的名字，只有當(dāng)一個(gè)人經(jīng)常使用名字時(shí)，他的外表才會(huì)受到他們名字的影響。26．根據(jù)“Scientistsaresuggestingthathumanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirlooks,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.”可知，此處是在說(shuō)明人們很可能會(huì)把人的名字和長(zhǎng)相聯(lián)系起來(lái)，選項(xiàng)F“這到底意味著什么？”符合題意，是對(duì)第一句“Haveyouevermetsomeonewho“l(fā)ookslike”theirnames?”的提問(wèn)，故選F。27．根據(jù)“Itseemsthathumansrecognizecertaincharacteristics(特點(diǎn))thatcangivethemclues(線索)aboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.”可知，此處應(yīng)是志愿者根據(jù)人的某些特征猜名字，選項(xiàng)B“志愿者在38%的時(shí)間里能夠猜出正確的名字。”符合題意，故選B。28．根據(jù)下文“Volunteerswerealsonotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousenicknames(昵稱).”可知，志愿者不擅長(zhǎng)猜出那些使用昵稱的人的真實(shí)姓名，空格處應(yīng)是表示猜不出其他人的名字，選項(xiàng)A“然而，這只適用于我們自己文化中的名字。”符合題意，故選A。29．根據(jù)下文“Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.”可知，人們對(duì)人的名字和人的外表有固定印象，選項(xiàng)E“研究人員認(rèn)為，對(duì)名字也有類似的刻板印象?！狈项}意。故選E。30．根據(jù)“Theyexpectthemtobedelicate(嬌弱的)andfeminine(有女性氣質(zhì)的),justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.”可知，此處應(yīng)和花有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C“人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為叫羅斯的女人很漂亮?！狈项}意。故選C。D（2022·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？级＃└鶕?jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后A-F選項(xiàng)中選出5個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文。Whatdoyouthinkofa“talkingkitchen”?___31___ItteachesstudentshowtocookFrenchfoodandspeakFrenchatthesametime.Forthefirsttime,studentscanlearnthelanguagebythefollowingcookingsteps.Allgrammarandvocabularyhavebeencarefullychosentothekitchen’scomputertomakesurethattheuserscanunderstandFrenchwell.___32___ThekitchenprojectwasstartedbyProfessorPaul.Hebecameinterestedintheideaafterhevisitedanotherkindoftalkingkitchen.Hesaid,“___33___”Howdoesthekitchenwork?Thereisacomputerinthekitchen.Withthiscomputer,theuserscanfirstchooseaFrenchrecipethattheywanttofollow.___34___Iftheyfollowtheinstructionsonthecomputer,itwillmoveontothenext.Iftheygowrong,theprogramwillgobackandrepeatstherecipeorinformation.Atanytime,theuserscanaskthekitchentorepeattherecipeoranyotherinformation.___35___TheresearcherscanalsodevelopmorefunctionsforDigitalKitchenwhichcanbeusedinmoreplaces,forthenextthreeyears.A．Thenewkitchencanbeusedinschoolsandevenpeople’shomes.B．Afterlearningforsometime,theuserscantestthemselvesonthecomputer.C．TheKitchenoffersamoreusefulandhumorouswayoflearningalanguage.D．AFrenchDigitalKitchenhasbeendevelopedatNewcastleUniversityintheUK.E．Byusinginformationinthecomputer,thekitchenstartstoguidetheusershowtomakeaFrenchdish.F．ThepurposeoftheFrenchDigitalKitchenistomakelearningalanguagemoreinterestingandmoreeducational.【答案】31．D32．B33．F34．E35．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了“會(huì)說(shuō)話的廚房”。31．根據(jù)“Whatdoyouthinkofa‘talkingkitchen’”可知，空處與“會(huì)說(shuō)話的廚房”相關(guān)，D項(xiàng)“英國(guó)紐卡斯?fàn)柎髮W(xué)開(kāi)發(fā)了一款法國(guó)數(shù)字廚房?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。32．根據(jù)“Allgrammarandvocabularyhavebeencarefullychosentothekitchen’scomputertomakesurethattheuserscanunderstandFrenchwell.”可知，說(shuō)的是用戶使用時(shí)的語(yǔ)言理解，B項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間后，用戶可以在電腦上測(cè)試自己?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選B。33．根據(jù)“Hebecameinterestedintheideaafterhevisitedanotherkindoftalkingkitchen.”和“Hesaid”可知，空處是他參觀后要表達(dá)的言論，且與法國(guó)數(shù)字廚房有關(guān)。F項(xiàng)“法語(yǔ)數(shù)字廚房的目的是讓學(xué)習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言更有趣，更有教育意義?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。34．根據(jù)“Withthiscomputer,theuserscanfirstchooseaFrenchrecipethattheywanttofollow.”和“Iftheyfollowtheinstructionsonthecomputer,itwillmoveontothenext.”可知，空處應(yīng)是說(shuō)根據(jù)電腦指示做法國(guó)菜，E項(xiàng)“通過(guò)使用電腦中的信息，廚房開(kāi)始指導(dǎo)用戶如何做一道法國(guó)菜?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。35．根據(jù)“TheresearcherscanalsodevelopmorefunctionsforDigitalKitchenwhichcanbeusedinmoreplaces,forthenextthreeyears.”可知，空處說(shuō)的應(yīng)是新廚房的使用場(chǎng)所，A項(xiàng)“新廚房可用于學(xué)校，甚至家庭?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選