寒假輕松銜接Unit+1+Food+for+thought+復(fù)習(xí)鞏固-高一英語外研版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)

復(fù)習(xí)鞏固：（7）Unit1Foodforthought——2023-2024學(xué)年高一英語外研版（2019）寒假輕松銜接一、填空題1.Someplantsare_____(poison)andshouldbehandledwithcare.2.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughavarietyof_____(suffer)duringthewar.3.Anamusementparkistheperfectlocaleforyoungsterstohaveall________(sort)ofadventures.4.Whileclimbingthemountain,Robert_____(bite)onthearmbyanunknowninsect.5.Inanewinterview,shesaidshe________(original)turneddownthejobasasecretary.6.Despitetheimpactofthepandemic,Qingdaostillwitnessed________(satisfy)growthintrade.7.EachofGermany's16stateshasitsown_______(slight)differentschoolsystems.8.Accordingtoarecentstudy,whenatree_______(attack)byinsects,itsendssignalstowarnitsneighboursofthedanger.9.Anathleteaddictedto_______(climb)rocksbuiltaclimbingwallinhislivingroomwhenhewasforcedtoremainindoorsbyaCOVID-19lockdown.10._____(original),tomatoeswereplantedinSouthAmericaandinthe16thcentury,theyspreadtootherpartsoftheworld.二、閱讀理解Overtheyears,BrianWansink,directoroftheFoodandBrandLabatCornellUniversity,hasstudiedsuchthingsashowfarAmericanstypicallydrivetobuyfood,howmanytimeswerefillourplatesatall-you-can-eatbuffetsandhowweorganizeourkitchens.Inthemid-2000shefamouslycoinedthephrasemindlesseating"(andwroteabookbythatname)tofocusattentiononallthebaddietarydecisionswemakewithoutreallythinkingaboutthem.Hisnewbook,SlimbyDesign:MindlessEatingSolutionsforEverydayLife,aimstochangethedesignofrestaurants,schoollunchrooms,officecafeteriasandhomessothatthemindlesschoiceswemakewillbemorehealthfulones.Herearesomeexamples.Keepkitchencountersclear.Novisiblesnackfood,nobread,nonuts—notevenbreakfastcereals.InWansink'sresearch,"womenwhohadevenoneboxofbreakfastcerealthatwasvisible—anywhereintheirkitchens—weighed21poundsmorethantheirneighborswhodidn't".Trickyourselfintodrinkinglesswine."Wetendtofocusontheheightofwhatwepourbutnotthewidth,sowepour12percentlesswineintotallerwineglassesthanwepourintowiderwineglasses."Andtheshapeoftheglassisnottheonlyvariable(變量)thataffectshowmuchwedrink.Wansinkwrites,"Becauseredwineiseasiertoseethanwhitewine,wepour9percentlesswheneverwepouraglassofredwine."Wansinksaidhisresearchersalsofoundthatpeopleatelessatrestaurantswhensittinginwell-lightedareasnearwindowsanddoors,thanindarkerareasorintheback.Theyatelessiftheywereofferedadoggiebag,orato-gobox,beforetheygottheirmeals:apparentlytheideaofgettinga"free"secondmealoutweighedtheimpulse(沖動(dòng))tocleantheirplates.Workerswhofrequentlyateattheirdesksweighed15.4poundsless,onaverage,thanthosewhodidn't.Fruitandvegetableskeptonthetopshelfoftherefrigeratorwereeatenathigherratesthanthoseonlowershelves.Thepoint,Wansinksays,istoconsiderfindingslikethoseandchangeyourenvironmentorhabits.Thenyouwon'thavetothinkaboutit:you'lljusteatless.11.WhydidBrianWansinkwriteSlimbyDesign:MindlessEatingSolutionsforEverydayLife?A.Becausehewantedpeopletobecomethin.B.Becausehewantedpeopletolearnfromhim.C.Becausehehopedtocoinanewphrase"mindlesseating".D.Becausehewishedtochangethedesignofdiningplaces.12.AccordingtoWansink,whichofthefollowingaffectstheamountofwinewedrink?A.Theshapeofwineglasses. B.Thecolorofwineglasses.C.Thetasteofwine. D.Thequalityofwine.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"adoggiebag"inParagraph5probablymean?A.Abagforcarryingthings. B.Aboxfortakeawayfood.C.Abagforcarryingdogfood. D.Acontainerforleftovers.14.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Changingtheenvironmentoreatinghabitswillhelpyoueatless.B.Eatingfruitandvegetablesisbetterforyourhealth.C.Keepingyourkitchencounterclearofanyfoodwillhelpmakeyouthin.D.Manypeopleeatordrinktoomuchwithoutpayingattentiontoit.三、七選五

Foodissomuchapartofdailylifethatpeopleoftentakeeatingforgranted.

①_____Nowitisagoodtimeforyoutothinkcarefullyaboutthisquestion:Whatkindsofneedsdoesfoodmeet?

②_____Foodsuppliestheenergyneededforday-to-dayactivities.Eatingtherightfoodeachdayhelpsyourbodyperformimportantfunctions.

Physicalneedsarenottheonlyonespeoplesatisfybyeatingeveryday.Peopleofteneatevenwhentheyarenothungry.Somepeopleeattocomfortthemselveswhenevertheyareupsetornervous.③_____

Foodservessocialneedsaswellasphysicalandemotionalones.Peopleoftencombineeatingwiththecompanyoffriendsandfamilybecausebothexperiencesarepleasurable.Insomefamilies,mealtimesaretheonlytimeofadaywhenthewholefamilycanbetogether.④_____Manysocialoccasionsareassociatedwithspecificfoods—birthdaycakes,Thanksgivingturkeys,ortheFourthofJulycookouts.⑤_____A.Foodalsoplaysanimportantroleinkeepingsocialtraditions.B.Foodhasmanypurposes.C.Theyarenotevenawareoftheirowneatinghabits.D.Thesetraditionsprovidelinksbetweenfoodandsocialactivities.E.Likeotherlivingthings,peopleneedenergytolive.F.Nomatterhowoldyouare,astrongbodycanprotectyoufromdiseases.G.Otherseattoremoveboredom.

答案以及解析一、填空題1.答案：poisonous解析：考查形容詞。句意:有些植物有毒,應(yīng)該小心對(duì)待。根據(jù)are及句意可知此處應(yīng)用形容詞作are的表語,表示"有毒的"。故填poisonous。2.答案：sufferings解析：考查名詞及其復(fù)數(shù)。句意:據(jù)說這位老人在戰(zhàn)爭期間經(jīng)歷了各種各樣的苦難。由avarietyof可以判斷此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。suffer的名詞形式是suffering,意為"苦難"。故填sufferings。3.答案：sorts解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:游樂場是年輕人尋求各種冒險(xiǎn)的絕佳場所。根據(jù)空前的all可知空格處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。allsortsof意為"各種各樣的"。故填sorts。4.答案：wasbitten解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意:在爬山時(shí),羅伯特的手臂被一種不知名的昆蟲咬傷了。此處表示過去發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);根據(jù)句意可知此處表示羅伯特被咬傷,則Robert與bite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填wasbitten。5.答案：originally解析：考查副詞。句意:在一個(gè)新的采訪中,她說她本來是拒絕了秘書的工作的。本空修飾動(dòng)詞短語turneddown,應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填originally。6.答案：satisfying解析：考查形容詞。句意:盡管受到疫情的影響,青島的貿(mào)易仍有令人滿意的增長。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞,故填satisfying,意為"令人滿意的"。故填satisfying。7.答案：slightly

解析：考查副詞。句意：德國16個(gè)州中的每個(gè)州都有自己稍有不同的學(xué)校制度。本空修飾形容詞different，故應(yīng)用副詞slightly，意為"略微，稍微"。故填slightly。8.答案：isattacked

解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)一棵樹受到昆蟲攻擊時(shí)，它會(huì)發(fā)出信號(hào)，警告它的鄰居有危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)語境可知，本句表示的是"客觀事實(shí)"，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；且tree和動(dòng)詞attack之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故本空應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填isattacked。9.答案：climbing解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:一名酷愛攀巖的運(yùn)動(dòng)員在因新冠肺炎封鎖而被迫待在室內(nèi)時(shí),他在自己的起居室里筑起了一面攀巖墻。句中addictedto_______rocks是后置定語,相當(dāng)于定語從句whowasaddictedto_______rocks,beaddictedto意為"對(duì)……上癮,沉迷于……",其中to為介詞,故本空應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填climbing。10.答案：Originally解析：考查副詞。句意:西紅柿最初在南美洲種植,在16世紀(jì)傳播到世界其他地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處作狀語,修飾整個(gè)句子,應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填Originally。二、閱讀理解11.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Hisnewbook...aimstochangethedesignofrestaurants,schoollunchrooms,officecafeteriasandhomessothatthemindlesschoiceswemakewillbemorehealthfulones."可知,布萊恩·汪辛克的新書力求改變餐館、學(xué)校餐廳、辦公室自助餐廳以及家里的設(shè)計(jì),以便讓我們無意識(shí)的選擇變得更加健康。由此可知布萊恩·汪辛克寫這本書是因?yàn)樗Ｍ淖冇貌蛨鏊脑O(shè)計(jì)。故選D。12.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的"Wetendtofocusontheheightofwhatwepourbutnotthewidth"及第三句"Andtheshapeoftheglass...thataffectshowmuchwedrink."可知,布萊恩·汪辛克認(rèn)為,酒杯的形狀影響我們的飲酒量。故選A。13.答案：D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段中的"Theyatelessiftheywereofferedadoggiebag,orato-gobox,beforetheygottheirmeals"及"apparentlytheideaofgettinga‘free’secondmealoutweighedtheimpulse(沖動(dòng))tocleantheirplates"可知,當(dāng)在飯前給人們提供打包袋時(shí),人們會(huì)吃得更少,"得到了免費(fèi)的第二頓飯"的想法會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝人們吃光盤子里的食物的沖動(dòng)。由"theywereofferedadoggiebag,orato-gobox"可知or連接兩個(gè)并列成分,or前后的adoggiebag和ato-gobox是同類事物,由to-gobox(打包盒)可推知畫線部分是指打包剩菜的容器。A:攜帶東西的袋子;B:盛外賣食物的盒子;C:攜帶狗糧的袋子。故選D。14.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段、第二段介紹了布萊恩·汪辛克所從事的研究并引出本文要介紹的他的一項(xiàng)研究;接下來的第三、四、五段