2023年暑假新高一英語初高中銜接知識(shí)必學(xué)10 定語從句

10定語從句

一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

（-）常見關(guān)系代詞的基本用法

1.that

可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于

whicho不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；不可置于介詞后作賓語。

2.which

指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語。如：

Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）

3.who,whom,whose

（1）who:主格，在從句中作主語，只可指人

（2）whom:賓格，在從句中只能作賓語；只可指人

（3）whose:表所屬關(guān)系，在從句中作定語。譯為：某人的，某物的

（4）whose+名詞=the+n.+ofwhich（某物的）=he+n.+ofwhom（某人的）

注意：

①關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語（在定語從句中，介詞提前時(shí)，介詞后：表人用whom；表物用which）

②關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞可放于從句之首，也可放于從句之末。但以放于句首較

為正式。（介詞前置，必須注意不影響動(dòng)詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞必

須放在句末。）

4.as

as引導(dǎo)定語從句，在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語

（1）如為限制性的,多用于thesame...as;thesameas（與...相同）;such...as...（如此，這樣）；asmany/much

as（和...一樣多）;so/as...as（與....一樣）等結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

（2）如為非限制性的，as還可以單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，代替整個(gè)主句，這種定語從句可置于句首，句

中或句尾，譯為"正如，這一點(diǎn)"o（動(dòng)詞常為know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）

Asweallknow,smokingishannfultoone'shealth.（as作賓語）眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。

（二）that、which只能用其中一個(gè)的情況

1.只能用that,不能用which的情況

（1）先行詞是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代詞或先行詞被

albany,every,no,little,much,some等詞彳修飾。

Allthepeoplethatcomefromthecountryworkmuchharder.

所有來自農(nóng)村的人工作都更努力得多。

(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、theonly,thevery,thelast等修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞通常只用that,不

用whicho如：

ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我讀的第一本英文小說是《城市》。

ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.

這是我見過的最激動(dòng)人心的足球比賽之一。

Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.

這是我們現(xiàn)在惟一能做的事情。

(3)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用ihat,不用which。如：

Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.

我們所有人都?xì)J佩你告訴我的那位科學(xué)家和他所取得的成就。

TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren'sPalace.

外國(guó)游客高度贊揚(yáng)了他們?cè)谏倌陮m所看到的少先隊(duì)員以及他們的表演。

(4)關(guān)系代詞在限定性定語從句中作表語并帶有類比含義時(shí)，通常只用that,不用which。如：

Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是過去的那位明星了。

Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我們的學(xué)校不再是以前的那所學(xué)校了。

(5)句中其他位置已出現(xiàn)which,為避免重復(fù)，不用which而用that引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句。如：

Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus?超過我們的是哪輛車？

2.只用which,不能用that的情況

(1)在介詞提前到關(guān)系代詞之前形成”介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)來修飾表事物的先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞必

須用whicho如:

Thehouseinwhichweliveisverylarge.我們住的房子非常大。

Thisisthereferencebookofwhichtheteacherisspeaking.這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。

注意：如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首，which就可換為that,如：

Thisisthequestionwhich/thatwe'vehadsomuchdiscussionabout.=Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe've

hadsomuchdiscussion.這就是我們已經(jīng)多次討論過的問題。

(2)先行詞為“those+表事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞通常只用which而不用that。例如：

Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.

學(xué)生應(yīng)牢記那些規(guī)范自己的行為準(zhǔn)則O

Abookshopshoulddealwithavarietyofthosebestsellerswhicharenewlypublished.

書店應(yīng)該經(jīng)營(yíng)新出版的各種暢銷書。

（3）當(dāng)先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在句中作主語或賓語，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用

thato

二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因（一般為reason）的名詞，在從句中作狀

語。有時(shí)可用"介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)替換。

IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.我還記得我第一次來北京的那天。

2.當(dāng)定語從句中缺少主語或賓語時(shí)，即使先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞仍用which/that。

Isthisthereason（that）heexplainedforhisrudenessatthemeeting?

這是他在會(huì)議上解釋的無禮的原因嗎？

3.當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：point,situation,case,stage等，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀

語，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句；如果不作狀語，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。

Themediacanoftenhelpsolveproblemsanddrawattentiontosituationswherehelpisneeded.

媒體經(jīng)常能夠幫助解決問題，把注意力吸引到需要幫助的情況。

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇

用法依據(jù)

若是及物動(dòng)詞，后面若無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；若是不及物動(dòng)詞則用

根據(jù)從句謂語動(dòng)詞

關(guān)系副詞。

把關(guān)系詞放進(jìn)定語從句中，若作主語或賓語用關(guān)系代詞；作狀語則

根據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句中作的成分

用關(guān)系副詞。

三、非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句是對(duì)意義已經(jīng)非常明確的先行詞給予補(bǔ)充、說明，刪去非限制性定語從句，主句的意

思仍是概念清晰、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的。非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有who,whom,which,whose,as,when,where

等，Ihat不可用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句之前要用逗號(hào)。

先行詞指人,則用who,whose,which等;

先行詞指物，要用which；

先行詞表時(shí)間或者地點(diǎn)，并在句中作時(shí)間狀語或者地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)要用when或者where引導(dǎo)。

（一）使用非限制性定語從句的情況：

1.關(guān)系代詞指代整個(gè)主句時(shí)，使用非限制性定語從句。

"Youdidalotforme,forwhichIwasgrateful.你為我做了許多，對(duì)此我很感激。

1?"TheDiaoyuIslandbelongstoChina,asisknowntous.眾所周知，釣魚島屬于中國(guó)。

“Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一"個(gè)中年女子殺害了自己的丈

夫，這令我十分恐懼。

2.當(dāng)先行詞指的是世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物或人名地名等專有名詞時(shí)，使用非限制性定語從句。

i?rChina,whichismymotherland,isdevelopingfast,中國(guó)是我的祖國(guó)，正在快速發(fā)展。

所Eason,whowasapopstar,gotmarriedlastyear.伊森去年結(jié)婚了，他是明星。

由LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencewastobeheld.他們上周日到達(dá)南京，有個(gè)會(huì)議要

在那里舉行。

3.當(dāng)先行詞指的是某人只有一個(gè)親屬（son,daughter等）時(shí)，使用非限制性定語從句。

吐Hehasadaughter,whoisstudyinginLondon.他有個(gè)女兒，現(xiàn)在正在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)。（只有一一個(gè)女兒）

所Thisismyteacher,whohassomethingtotellyou.這是我的老師，他有一些事情要告訴你。

（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別

1.形式不同

限制性定語從句主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開，口語中使用時(shí)也不停頓；而非限制性定語從句與主句之

間通常有逗號(hào)隔開，口語中使用時(shí)有停頓。

2.功能不同

限制性定語從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不

清；而非限制性定語從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。

所Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。（若把從句去掉句子就失去意

義）

Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。（若

把從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整）

3.翻譯不同

在翻譯定語從句時(shí)，一般把限制性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前，而把非限制性定語從句與主

句分開。

由Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。

，T'veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。

4.含義不同

比較下面的兩個(gè)句子：

“Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.我有一個(gè)醫(yī)生的姐姐。（姐姐不止一個(gè)）

1haveasister,whoisadoctor.我有一個(gè)姐姐，她是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的。（只有一個(gè)姐姐）

5.先行詞不同

限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可

以是短語或句子；另外，當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無二性的普通名詞時(shí)，通常要用非限制性定語

從句，而不用限制性定語從句。

所Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.彼得開車很快，這是很危險(xiǎn)的。（which指drivetoofast）

由Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。（which指整個(gè)主句）

Mr.Smith,whoisourboss,willleaveforJapannextweek,我們的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。（先行

詞為專有名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾）

，■-Herfather,whohasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.她父親很有錢，希望她出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。（先行詞

為表獨(dú)一無二意義的普通名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾）

6.關(guān)系詞不同

關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句

中，關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略，而在非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞一律不能省略。

四、"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的定語從句

?"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"的用法

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，我們通常用”介詞+關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指"

人"，用"介詞+whom"；如果指"物"，用"介詞+which",

?"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用

1.一般來說，確定關(guān)系代詞前的介詞，可以從以下三方面入手：①先行詞的意義；②從句中的動(dòng)詞或形容

詞與先行詞的固定搭配；③句子的意思。

rilneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.

我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記孩童時(shí)代我在鄉(xiāng)村度過的時(shí)光。

2.表示"整體和部分關(guān)系"，介詞常用of。在some,any,few,none,alLboth,neither,most,each

等代詞或數(shù)詞的前、后可以用ofwhich/whom。

Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofwhomarefamilymembers.

約翰邀請(qǐng)了大約40人參加他的婚禮，他們當(dāng)中絕大部分是家庭成員。

3.有時(shí)”介詞+where”可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，此時(shí)要和”介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句從意思上加以區(qū)

別。

Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.

他的頭很快從窗口探了出來，從那里除了樹木他什么也看不到。（fromwhere相當(dāng)于fromoutofthe

window,而不是fromthewindow）

五、練習(xí)

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Alexhasfinallybecomeanastronaut,allhisfamilymembersthinkishisdreamcareer.

A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom

2.ThebesttimestovisitShangri-laarespringandautumnthetemperatureisatitsmildest.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

3.1stillrememberthefarmmyparentsworkedtenyearsago.

A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which

4.Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.

A.thatB.where

C.whichD.when

5.一Ihavetriedbungeejumpingandit'sasplendidexperience.

-Youbet.Itisoneoftheextremesportscourageismoreessentialthanskillstoexperiencingthefun.

A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whose

6.Twothirdsofthepeoplelivedthereweredeadorinjured.

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where

7.isknowntoall,readingplaysanimportantpartinEnglishlearning.

A.WhichB.ItC.ThatD.As

8.TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallhassurvivedChina'slonghistory.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

9.1stillremembertheparkwemetforthefirsttime.

A.whichB.asC.whereD.that

10.—Alicetoldmeyoucalledyesterday.

——Yes,IhadaproblemwithJane,Ithoughtyoucouldhelpmewith,butyouwerenotin.

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which

11.Shesaysthatshe'llneverforgetthetimeshe'sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.

A.whichB.whereC.whenD.how

12.ThisisMr.GeorgeWoods,incompanymybrotherworkedformorethan10years.

A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who

13.Touseaforeignlanguageeffectively,youneedtounderstandtheculture_itisspoken.

A.whereB.which

C.howD.why

14.Thetownwevisitedlastmonthistheonethefamouspainterwasborn.

A.where；whichB.which；where

C.which；thatD.where；where

15.TheSoundofMusicisthefirstEnglishfilmIhaveeverseen.

A.whichB.that

C.whenD.what

16.ManysoldiersweresenttoTangshantodigoutthoseweretrappedundertheruins.

A.thatB.whoC.whomD.whose

17.Ourschoolhasdevelopedalearningsystem_studentscandoalotofteamwork.

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where

18.Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthingsupsetus.

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.as

19.Youcanonlybesureofyouhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomethingyoumightgetin

thefuture.

A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that

20.Hegotintoasituationitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.

A.whichB.whereC.whenD.why

21.Theylivedunderground,theykeptmachinessothattheEloiwouldbehappyandwell

fed.

A.where;runningB.which;torun

C.when;torunD.what;running

22.Wearetoholdthesportsmeetingnextweekend,theairqualitybecomesbetter.

A.whichB.when

C.whereD.while

23.I'mtoldthatlanguagepractising,comisafreewebsitelearnerscannotjustlearn

variouslanguagesbutalsochatonline.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what

24.一Hewasnearlydrownedonce.

一Whenwas?

-wasin2000hewasinmiddleschool.

A.that;It;whenB.this;This;that

C.that;This;whenD.that;It;that

25.ThisisthefirstbirthdaygiftIreceived.Tvekeptitmanyyears.

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

26.—Isthisschoolourforeignfriendsvisitedthemodernlabtheotherday?

—Yes,itis.

A.thatB.theonethatC.inwhichD.theonewhere

27.Iexplainedonthephone,IwillgowithyoutotheparknextSunday.

A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.When

28.Itisfantasticforchildrentohaveaharmoniousfamily,_theparentstreattheirchildlikeafriend.

A.whyB.that

C.whichD.where

29.TherearemanytraditionaltribesinAsia,ofwhichtheKayantribemaybetheonlyonewomen

havetheirnecksstretchedtoincrediblelengthsusingbrasscoils.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whose

30.Theheavyconstructionequipmentwasfirsttransportedtothatplaceworkerswouldreachaweek

later.

A.whenB.asC.thatD.where

31.ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetcultureviolenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparents

don'tallowthemtogoonline.

A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.that

32.Keepthethingsyou'llneedduringtheweekinasafeplace________youcaneasilyfindthem.

A.fromwhichB.thatC.whichD.where

33.Raisingawarenessofendangeredspeciesisjustoneofthewayswearetakingactionforthegoodoftheplanet

A.wecallithomeB.calledithomeC.callinghomeD.wecallhome

34.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrytheChinesewriting

systembegantodevelopinonedirection.

A.thatB.inthat

C.whereD.which

35.Mostwomenidentifiedatleastonetrustedfriendstheycouldturninatroublemoment.

A.offwhichB.onwhichC.towhomD.upwhom

36.---Whoisthemostfamousmartialartsnovelists?

---JinYong,worksdeeplyinfluencedtheculturaldevelopmentofChinese-speaking

communitiesaroundtheworld.

A.heB.his

C.whoD.whose

37.Therehavebeenmanyexpeditionssenttotheforesttotrytheirhandatlookingforthecreatures,

havecomeupemptyhanded,leavingthenewspeciesatotalmystery.

A.noneofwhomB.allofwhichC.noneofwhichD.mostofthat

38.Thefactory,behindwasabigtheatre,wasmyparentsusedtowork.

A.that;theplacewhichB.which;theplacewhich

C.which;whereD.what;where

39.Tom,aswellashisteammates,fbrthetalentshow,makesthemproudandhappy.

A.hasbeenselected;whichB.hasselected;that

C.isselected;thatD.arebeingselected;which

40.Morethanonestudent,tookpartintheactivity,thatthecharityactivitymeansalot.

A.who,thinksB.who,thoughtC.that,thinksD.whom,think

41.Itwasinthatsmallhousewasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfatherhespenthischildhood.

A.that;whereB.which;that

C.which;whichD.that;which

42.1sawamanshoutingatadriver,thecarisblockingthestreet.

A.whoseB.ofwhomC.ofwhichD.whom

43.TveneverbeentoParis,butitisaplaceI'dliketovisit.

A.whereB.towhichC.whoseD.不填

44.Endurance,perseverance,industryandtalentarethemeansmenachievegreatends.

A.inwhichB.bywhichC.ofwhichD.onwhich

45.Thegreatpianistperformedinthecentreofstage,commandthekeyswereproducingwonderful

tunes.

A.atwhomB.atwhose

C.inwhomD.inwhose

46.Amongthecountrieslistedinthe2021WorldHappinessReport,thoseatthebottomweremainly

underdevelopedcountriesissuessuchaspoliticalconflictshavebeenwidespreadinrecentyears.

A.ofwhichB.whereC.whatD.when

47.Theproblemwithtrafficcrowdednessinthecityputforwardatthemeeting,_thegovernmenttakesinto

consideration,isofgreatimportance.

A.whatB.where

C.whichD.as

48.-Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamousscientistsyoucanuseforthereport?

一Notyet.TilsearchsomeontheInternet.

A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where

49.OnNewYear'sEve,abigfiresweptthroughatopnightclubinBangkok,atleast60people,most

ofwereforeigners.

A.havingkilled;themB.killed;whoC.killing;themD.killing;whom

50.CristianoRonaldo,got42goalslastseasonhelpedhisteamwinEngland'sPremierLeague（英格蘭

超級(jí)聯(lián)賽），wasthewinnerof2008GoldenBall.

A.thatB.which

C.whoseD.who

51.WhenwearrivedinisnowcalledtheCentreforProdigies,wegottomeetamostgiftedteenager

expertsthoughtmightmakegreatachievementsinastronomy.

A.where;whoB.where;thatC.what;whomD.what;who

52.Theatersmayhaveabrighterfutureiftheycanprovideamovieexperience_peoplecannotgetathome.

A.thatB.whoC.whomD.what

53.Hecametoapointtherewasnomoreroadtofollow,andbeforehimhecouldseenothingbutathick

forest.

A.whereB.whatC.whichD.that

54.Lastsummerholiday,Iwentbacktomyhometown,theneighboursandthehouseIused

tobefamiliarwithweregone.

A.onlyfinding;whichB.onlytofind;that

C.tofind;whomD.found;that

55.MynewpartnerisaprettygirlnameisDiane.

A.herB.she

C.itsD.whose

56.Americanwomenusuallyconsidertheirbestfriendassomeonetheycantalkfrequently.

A.whoB.whom

C.aboutwhichD.withwhom

57.Wasitnineo'clocklastnighthecamebackhomefromwork?

A.thatB.whichC.whileD.when

58.Wearelivinginanagewetreasureverymuch,becauseitseesman'srapiddevelopment.

A.whichB.whenC.whereD.What

59.ThestudentisgratefultohisEnglishteacher,withoutencouragementhewouldn'thavepulled

through.

A.whatB.whoseC.whomD.which

60.Hefailedinthecompetition,madehimupset.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as

二、完成句子

61.他敏感而又相當(dāng)嚴(yán)肅，這使得他有時(shí)顯得有點(diǎn)書生氣?

He'ssensitiveandratherserious,sometimesa

littlebookish.

62.那位老人有三個(gè)兒子，他們都很關(guān)心他。

Theoldmanhasthreesons,careabouthimverymuch

63.ThisistheroomShakespearewasbomin.

這就是莎士比亞出生的房間。

64.我們想要一個(gè)工作努力、有愛心并且幽默的老師。

Wewantateacher.

65.伽利略的思想遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了他所處的年代。

Galileo'sideaswerewellinadvanceoftheagehelived.

66.誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。

He,laughsbest.

67.史密斯先生在青島這座城市投資了一大筆錢，將來他會(huì)因此受益頗多。

Mr.SmithinvestedalargeamountofmoneyinthecityofQingdao,alotinthefuture.

（benefit）

68.我討厭她一直嘲笑我的方式。

Ihatetheway.

69.That（打開了通向..的窗子）theworldatthebeginningof

China'sopeningup.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）

70.Someyearsago,thegroupwhichSparrowwastakenoverbyanothercompany.

幾年前，Sparrow所屬的集團(tuán)被另一家公司收購(gòu)。

71.他有兩個(gè)都住在國(guó)外的姐姐。

Hehastwosisterslivingabroad.

72.創(chuàng)造一種讓所有的員工都認(rèn)為是這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的一部分的工作氛圍是一個(gè)很大的挑戰(zhàn)。

Creatinganatmosphereisabigchallenge.

73.受到他的排球教練和那些積極從事慈善事業(yè)的人鼓勵(lì)，John決定盡力幫助別人。

hisvolleyballcoachandwereactiveincharity,Johndecidedtohelpothers

74.Peopleinashantytownmaketheirownhouses,oftenfromwoodormaterials.

貧民區(qū)的人通常用木頭或其他廢棄的材料自制房子。

75.眾所周知，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們不得不面對(duì)各種壓力。

all,withthedevelopmentofeconomy,peoplehavetofacevariouspressures.

76.這就是那位父母親在地震中喪生的年輕人。

Thisistheyoungmanintheearthquake.

77.眾所周知，袁隆平為世界做出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。.

toall,YuanLongpingmadegreatcontributionstotheworld.

78.湯姆提到幾個(gè)演員的名字，他對(duì)他們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)不高。

Tommentionedthenamesofafewactors,hedidnot.

79.我要感謝布朗教授，沒有他的幫助我不可能獲得一等獎(jiǎng)。

IwishtothankProfessorBrown,Iwouldneverhavegotthefirstprize.

80.衢州擁有6000多年文明史，在此，游客會(huì)驚嘆于它豐富的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，

Withahistoryofmorethan6,000yearsofcivilization,QuZhouisacityvisitorswillbeamazedbyits

richintangibleculturalheritage

81.Thisisthepark.

這是我們城市最漂亮的一個(gè)公園。

82.首先，我們通常用右手拿筷子，這樣更方便拿起食物。（it作形式主語，非限制性定語從句）

Tobeginwith,.

83.另一個(gè)瀕危動(dòng)物是大熊貓，它的棲息地在中國(guó)。（whose引導(dǎo)定語從句）

Anotheranimalindangeristhegiantpanda,.

84.他就是我們昨天見到的那個(gè)人。（thesame...that...）

Heiswemetyesterday.

85.昨天從廢墟中營(yíng)救出來的那個(gè)女孩已經(jīng)脫離了生命危險(xiǎn)。

Thegirlyesterdayisoutofdanger.

86.我在花園里散步，那里有許多花。

Iwalkedinthegarden,.

87.它在溫暖潮濕的地方長(zhǎng)得很好。

Itgrowswell.（where）

88.閱讀和旅行能夠改變?nèi)藗兯伎家约翱创澜绲姆绞健?/p>

Readingandtravellingcanchangetheway.

89.真正的友誼猶如健康的身體，直到失去時(shí)才知其可貴。

Friendshipislikehealth,isseldomknownuntilitislost.

90.這就是我和我的哥哥度過歡樂童年的村莊。

ThisismybrotherandIspentourhappychildhood.

三、語法填空

1

閱讀下面的材料，在答題卡相對(duì)應(yīng)的題號(hào)區(qū)域內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（每空不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。

Strangethingswere91(happen)inthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthe

villagewells92(rise)andfell.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksin93(they).A

smellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervous94(eat).

Miceranoutofthefield95(look)forplacestohide.Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.96

about3:00amonJuly28th,1976,somepeoplesaw97(brightly)lightsinthesky.Thesoundofplanescould

98(hear)outsidethecityofTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsome

buildingscrackedandburst.99theonemillionpeopleofthecity,]Q0thoughtlittleoftheseevents,

wereasleepasusualthatnight.

2

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Languageissometimeswrittenasacodesothatpeoplecancommunicatesecrets.During101

SecondWorldWar,theGermanNavy(海軍)usedacodetosendmessages.TheBritishbrokethecodeand

102(learn)aboutmanyGermanplans.TheJapanesealsousedacodetotalkto103(they)ships

atsea.ItwascalledthePurpleCode.AlthoughtheAmericanssoonbrokethiscode,theJapanesedidn'tknowit

104(break).In1942,theAmericansbegantousetheirowncodetosend105(secret).Afew

Navajo(納瓦在人)Indiansmadethiscode106(base)ontheirlanguage,whichonlysomeAmerican

Indiansspoke.ThecodedescribedafewthingstheAmericanarmydid.Onlytheycouldunderstandthiscode,so

theywentwiththearmyasitfoughtagainsttheJapanese.TheseNavajosoldierspromised107(keep)

thiscodeasecret,eventhoughthiscouldcausetheir108(die).TheJapaneseneverbrokethecode

becausetheyknewnothing109theNavajolanguage.Andthecode,110connectedtwo

languages,helpedwinthewarinthePacific.

3

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.

Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeverydifficulttoletgoofyouranger.Butforgivenessis

possible—anditcanbesurprisingly111(benefit)toyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Sofar,research112

(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep."Peoplewhoforgiveshow

113(little)angerandmorehopefulness,"saysDr.FredericLuskin,whowrotethebookForgiveforGood.So

itcanhelpreducethetirednessoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeople114(feel)moreenergetic.0

Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,cooldownfirst.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomething115

givesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don'twaitforan116(apologize).""Many

timesthepersonwhohurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing,"saysDr.Luskin.''Theymayhavewantedtohurt

youortheyjustdon'tseethingsin117sameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletosaysorry,youcouldbewaiting

averylongtime."

Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean118(accept)theactionofthepersonwho

upsetsyou.Instead,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.Finally,trytoseethingsfromthe

otherperson'sperspective.Youmayrealizethathe119shewasactingoutofignorance.Togainperspective,

youmaywanttowritealetterto120(you)fromthatperson'spointofview.

4

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確式。

Lastweek,ouryearlyschoolsportsmeeting121(hold)andthestudentsofourclasstook122

activepartinit.Onthefirstday,wewatchedtheimpressiveopeningceremony123(perform)byenergetic

teachersandstudents.Soon,thegamesformallybegan.Someofmyclassmatesrantothetracktocheerforthe

124(athlete)whileothersremained125(seat),watchingthemfromadistance.Iwas126(excite)

becauseIwouldcompete127the100-meterdashwithmyclassmatescheering.Unfortuna