專題04閱讀理解備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語之沖刺題型專項練(全國通用版)

專題04閱讀理解備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語之沖刺題型專項練（全國通用版）一、閱讀單選（2022·山東濟(jì)南·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Publictoiletsaroundtheworldhaveabadnameforbeingdark,dirtyanddangerous.SomepublicrestroomsinTokyo’strainstationsdon’thavehandsoapinside.AkindergarteninSouthernJapanstopstakingchildrentoacityparkbecausetheyareafraidofthefliesintherestrooms.Peoplehavelongcalledforachange.Tokyorecentlyintroducednewrestroomsintwopublicparks.Foronething,theyarebrightlylitandlookcolourful.Foranother,theyaretransparent(透明的).Thisway,peoplewhoneedtogotothetoiletcancheckoutthecleannessandsafetyoftherestroomswithoutwalkinginsideortouchinganything.Thenewrestrooms,designedbyShigeruBan,aremadeoutof“smartglass”thathasalreadybeenusedindifferentbuildingstoprovideprivacywhenneeded.Whenusedandlockedproperly,thecolourfulglasstoiletwillbecomeopaque.Whenthedoorisunlocked,itwillbecometransparentagain.Thetoiletsareconsideredasafuturisticexampleofthecountry’stechnologicalachievements.However,peopleholddifferentopinionsaboutthesenewpublictoilets.“Itwilltaketimetogetusedtotheidea,”saidMingCheng,whosejobisdesigningbuildings.Buthewouldliketogiveitatry.SarahCopperwhite,atechnologyworkerinTokyo,saidthatalthoughshealwaysavoidedpublictoilets,shewasgladtousethenewonesbecausetheylookedbrightandclean.“Itrustscience,”shesaidinaphoneinterview.“Idon’twanttoputmyprivacyatrisk,”SachikoIshikawa,a32-year-oldwriterandtranslator,said.MsIshikawaworriedthatsomesmallmistakesmightmakerestroomusersaccidentallyexpose(暴露)themselves.TaliaHarris,awriterwhohaslivedinTokyoforsevenyears,saidshedidnotseeitasausefulwaytomakepeoplefeelcomfortableinpublicrestrooms.“Personally,Ithinkthiswillmakepeoplefeelmoreuncomfortable,especiallyforwomen.”MsHarris,29,said.1.WhatdoweknowaboutthetoiletsintheJapanesecitypark?A.Theyarealwayscrowded.B.Theyareverydirty.C.Theyhavenotoiletpaper.D.Theyhavenohandsoap.2.WhydidTokyointroducenewrestroomsinpublicparks?A.Toshowitstechnologicalachievements.B.Tomakethepublicparksmorepopular.C.Toimprovethepresentconditions.D.Tohelpdisabledpeopleout.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“opaque”possiblymeaninEnglish?A.Notabletobeseenthrough.B.Notcleanenoughtobeused.C.Warmenoughforpeopletouse.D.Bigenoughtoholdmanypeople.4.WhatdoesSachikoIshikawathinkofthenewpublictoilets?A.Theycosttoomuch.B.Theyarequiteamazing.C.Theymakeusersuncomfortable.D.Theycannotmakepeoplefeelsafe.5.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowdoweuseapublictoiletB.PublictoiletaroundtheworldC.NewpublictoiletinTokyoD.Neverusepublictoilet【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了日本為解決公共廁所不干凈衛(wèi)生的問題，推出新型“透明”廁所，將藝術(shù)和技術(shù)結(jié)合起來?！敬鸢浮?.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.C1.【解析】推理判讀題。根據(jù)“AkindergarteninSouthernJapanstopstakingchildrentoacityparkbecausetheyareafraidofthefliesintherestrooms.”可知，日本南部的一家幼兒園因為害怕廁所里的蒼蠅而停止帶孩子們?nèi)コ鞘泄珗@。由此推知日本城市公園的廁所很臟。故選B。2.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“SomepublicrestroomsinTokyo’strainstationsdon’thavehandsoapinside.AkindergarteninSouthernJapanstopstakingchildrentoacityparkbecausetheyareafraidofthefliesintherestrooms.Peoplehavelongcalledforachange.”可知，東京火車站的一些公共廁所里沒有洗手液。日本南部的一家幼兒園不再帶孩子去城市公園，因為他們害怕廁所里的蒼蠅。人們長期以來一直呼吁改變。由此推知在公園引入新的廁所是為了改變現(xiàn)狀，故選C。3.【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Whenusedandlockedproperly,thecolourfulglasstoiletwillbecomeopaque.Whenthedoorisunlocked,itwillbecometransparentagain.”可知，如果使用時和鎖好，彩色玻璃馬桶會變得不透明。當(dāng)門被打開時，它將再次變得透明。由此可知，“opaque”表示“不透明的”，是“transparent”的反義詞。故選A。4.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“MsIshikawaworriedthatsomesmallmistakesmightmakerestroomusersaccidentallyexpose(暴露)themselves.”可知，Ishikawa女士擔(dān)心，一些小錯誤可能會使廁所使用者不小心暴露自己。由此推知，Ishikawa女士認(rèn)為新廁所不能讓人感覺安全。故選D。5.【解析】最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了日本為解決公共廁所不干凈衛(wèi)生的問題，推出新型“透明”廁所。因此文章的標(biāo)題為“東京的新公共廁所”。故選C。（2022·浙江溫州·統(tǒng)考二模）Everybodyisafraidofsomething.That’swhatmorethan1,700kidstolduswhenweaskedthemaboutfearsandscarystuff.Wegavekidsalistof14scarythingsandaskedwhichonefrightenedthemmost.Herearethetop5answersfromoursurvey:①ScarymoviesandTVshows;②Scarydreams;③Thunderstorms,hurricanes,andotherterribleweather;④Warandterrorism*;⑤Soundsheardatnight.Itseemsthatnoteveryoneisafraidofthesamething.Whatmakesonepersonscaredcanbeofnobigdealforsomeoneelse.Plentyofkidssaidtheirbiggestfearwasn’tonourlist.Whatisfear?Fearisafeelingthateveryonehas—it’sprogrammedintoallofus—andthat’sagoodthingbecausefearistheretoprotectus.We’rebornwithasenseoffearsowecanreacttosomethingthatcouldbedangerous.Thebabycries,andtheirmomcomesovertocomforthimorher,helpingthebabyfeelsafeandOKagain.Realvs.PretendThebestwaytogetoverafearistogetmoreinformationaboutit.Askidsgetolder,theyunderstandmoreandstartseeingthedifferencebetweenwhatisrealandunreal.SowhenWilliam’simaginationleadshimtothinkofwitches,hecantellhimself,“Waitaminute.They’reonlypretendthings.Idon’tneedtoworryaboutthem.”Thesamegoesforthedark.Akid’simaginationcanstartplayingtrickswhenthelightsgoout.What’sundermybed?IsthatathiefIhear?Withthehelpofaparent,kidscangetmorecomfortableinthedark.Usinganightlightorshiningaflashlightunderthebedtoseethatthere’snothingtherecanhelpkidsfightthatfear.6.Whichofthefollowingcan’thelpakidfightthefearofdark?A.Usingimaginationstothinkofwitches.B.Theirparentscomingovertocomfortthem.C.Usinganightlighttoseethere’snothingunderthebed.D.Shiningaflashlighttoseethere’snothingunderthebed.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pretend”inparagraph4mean?A.Ugly. B.Usual.C.Unreal. D.Lovely8.Whatisthesecondparagraphofthepassagemainlyabout?A.Fourteenscarythingskidslist.B.Peopleareafraidofdifferentthings.C.Thebiggestfearforkidsarealwaysthesame.D.Thethingsfrightenpeoplearethesameasthesurvey.9.WhichisTRUEaboutthewriter’sopinion?A.Havingasenseoffearisnotabadthing.B.Nothingcanhelpkidstogetoverafear.C.Fearissomethingwegetwhenweareolder.D.Notallpeoplecanreacttodangerousthings.【導(dǎo)語】試題分析：本文講述了小孩子恐懼的事物。通過調(diào)查列出了孩子恐懼的事物，由此作者發(fā)現(xiàn)人們害怕的事物是不同的，并標(biāo)明害怕并不是一件壞事?！敬鸢浮?.A

7.C

8.B

9.A6.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段介紹如何幫助孩子戰(zhàn)勝對于黑暗的恐懼。根據(jù)第二行Withthehelpofaparent,kidscangetmorecomfortableinthedark.“在父母的幫助下，孩子們會感覺更加舒適?！笨芍狟正確；根據(jù)最后一句Usinganightlightorshiningaflashlightunderthebedtoseethatthere’snothingtherecanhelpkidsfightthatfear.“使用小夜燈或是手電筒在床下照一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)什么也沒有這樣可以幫助孩子們戰(zhàn)勝恐懼。”可知B、C正確。故選A。7.【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文講述真實與不真實的事情，再結(jié)合本句Waitaminute.They’reonlypretendthings.Idon’tneedtoworryaboutthem.“等一下。他們只是假想的。我不需要擔(dān)心他們?！笨芍鸢笧镃。8.【解析】段落大意題。第二段主要講述人們害怕的東西是不同的。故選B。9.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話Fearisafeelingthateveryonehas—it’sprogrammedintoallofus—andthat’sagoodthingbecausefearistheretoprotectus.“害怕是每個人都會有的感覺，受我們自己控制的，這是一件好事因為害怕可以保護(hù)我們?！笨芍狝正確，有害怕的感覺不是壞事?？键c：科普類短文閱讀。（2021·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考一模）Earlyonemorning,morethanahundredyearsago,anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedreallyhardtogetthethread(線)torunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle(針).Thoughhewastired,Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamedthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesoldierswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.ThekingflewintotheprisonandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspears(矛)raised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream,realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecenteroftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypracticalsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclight,saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowthevalueofdreams,youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen,apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(無意識的),butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallkindsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartofthebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimages(圖像)whichtheconsciouspartmaynotknowatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”.10.Accordingtothepassage,EliasHowewas_______.A.thefirstpersonthatsolvedproblemsinhissleepB.muchmorehard-workingthanotherinventorsC.thefirstpersontodesignasewingmachinethatreallyworkedD.theonlypersonatthetimewhoknewthevalueofdreams11.TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas_______.A.whatkindofthreadtouseB.wheretoputtheneedleC.howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakD.howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle12.ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause_______.A.healsotriedtoinventasewingmachine B.hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC.hewasoneofHowe’sbestfriends D.healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“secretmessagestoourselves”mean?A.Strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideas.B.Imageswhichhavenomeaningareused.C.Wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaning.D.Somespeciallytrainedpeoplecanknowthem.【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了EliasHowe做了一個夢，在夢中這個簡單的想法給了他很大的啟發(fā)，使得他設(shè)計并建造出了第一個真正奏效實用的縫紉機(jī)的故事，借此引出了在夢中獲得現(xiàn)實問題解決答案的不止他一個人，最后肯定了夢給一直在思考問題的人很大啟發(fā)的結(jié)論?！敬鸢浮?0.C

11.D

12.B

13.A10.【解析】根據(jù)問題定位到文章第二段：ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypracticalsewingmachine.可知EliasHowe做了一個夢，在夢中這個簡單的想法給了他很大的啟發(fā)，使得他設(shè)計并建造出了第一個真正奏效實用的縫紉機(jī)。故答案為B.11.【解析】根據(jù)問題定位到第一段：Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedreallyhardtogetthethread(線)torunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle(針).可知EliasHowe遇到的問題就是如何使絲線順利通過這個針。故答案為D.12.【解析】根據(jù)問題定位到第三段：EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.可知，EliasHowe擁有發(fā)言權(quán)，因為他在夢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了解決現(xiàn)實問題的答案。故答案為B.13.【解析】根據(jù)文章最后一段信息：Itusesstrangeimages(圖像)whichtheconsciouspartmaynotknowatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”它使奇怪的起初意識中的那一部分可能還不被了解的圖像，這就是夢有時被叫做我們自己神秘信息的原因。故答案為A.（2022·湖北襄陽·統(tǒng)考二模）Orderingtakeoutsisverypopularnowadaysbecauseitisconvenient.Morethan60percentofthepeopleinChinaordertakeoutfoodatleasttwiceaweek.Ifpeopledon’twanttoeatout,theycanjustordertakeoutsonthesmartphoneandwaitforittobedelivered(送達(dá)).Whataboutpeoplelivinginancienttimes?Didtheyeattakeouts?Infact,therewastakeoutasfarbackastheSongDynasty.Accordingtohistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong(1127—1194)likedtoordertakeoutslateatnight.Hisservantsthenwentaroundthecitytopickupthedishesandbringthembacktothepalace.Ordinary(普通的)peoplealsoorderedtakeouts.Restaurantwaiterswouldgooutintothestreetsandyelloutwhichdishescouldbeorderedthatday.Afterhearingthewaiters,peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.Later,deliveryworkerswouldbringfoodtotheirhomes.InthefamousSongDynastypaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival(《清明上河圖》),atakeoutworkercanbeseenonadeliverywithfoodinhand.Peopleatthattimeevenhadaspecialmealboxfortakeoutdishes.Itwasalongwoodenboxwithseverallayers.Peoplealsousedwarmingplatesmadeoftwolayersofporcelain(瓷).Hotwatercouldbeputbetweenthemtokeepdisheswarm.14.Theunderlinedword“it”inPara1probablyrefersto(指的是)________.A.eatingout B.thesmartphone C.takeout D.aphonecall15.Accordingtothepassage,takeouthasalonghistoryofabout________yearsinChina.A.900 B.1,100 C.1,000 D.2,00016.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Manypeopleliketoordertakeoutsnowadays.B.OnlytheEmperorcouldordertakeoutsinancienttimes.C.PeoplecanseeatakeoutworkerinAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.D.PeopleusedspecialwoodenboxesfortakeoutdishesinancientChina.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了從宋代開始，中國就已經(jīng)有了外賣?！敬鸢浮?4.C

15.A

16.B14.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Orderingtakeoutsisverypopularnowadays”可知，此處代詞“it”指代的是“takeouts”，即“外賣”。故選C。15.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Accordingtohistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong(1127—1194)”可知，在中國，外賣已經(jīng)有900年左右的歷史了。故選A。16.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ordinary(普通的)peoplealsoorderedtakeouts”可知，在古代普通人也會點外賣，故B選項“只有皇帝點外賣”說法錯誤。故選B。（2022·山東聊城·統(tǒng)考二模）HouseForSaleGoldenGarden,Wuhan3-storyhome,509sqm(平方米)totallandarea(面積),428.8sqmbuilt-in,312.2sqmgarden.Asking￥13million($1.57million).MPelaxobWantedCherry,24,ashininggirl,goodatoralEnglish(英語口語)andPutonghua.NowIamworkingataninternationaltradecompanyinGuangzhou.Iamkind-hearted,hard-workingandhealthy,andwouldlikepart-timeweekendworkofferingPutonghualessonstoforeignfriends.Ifyouareinterested,pleaseemailmeatcherrylf@.BeijingSnowWorldSkiParkPrice:18yuan(entranceticket門票),50yuan/houronweekdaysand70yuan/houronweekends,120yuan/fourhoursonweekdaysand190yuan/fourhoursonweekends.Tel:010-6919161717.IfanAustralianstudentwantstolearnChinese,heorshecan__________.A.calB.emailcherrylf@C.faD.telephone010-6919161718.Howmanysquaremeters(平方米)isthetotallandareaofthehouseforsale?A.509sqm. B.428.8sqm. C.312.2sqm. D.80.2sqm.19.WhereisCherryworkingnow?A.Shanghai. B.Pudong. C.Beijing. D.Guangzhou.20.Ifhegoesskiingon__________inBeijingSnowWorldSkiPark,NickhastopaymoremoneythanonTuesday.A.Wednesday B.Friday C.Sunday D.Monday21.Ifyouwanttoskiforfourhoursonweekdays,howmuchmoneywillyoupayatleast?A.138yuan B.200yuan C.208yuan D.280yuan【導(dǎo)語】試題分析：本文是有關(guān)賣房、找工作、公園的三則廣告，提供了相關(guān)的詳細(xì)廣告信息、聯(lián)系方式等等?！敬鸢浮?7.B

18.A

19.D

20.C

21.A17.【解析】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：如果一位澳大利亞學(xué)生想學(xué)漢語，他或她可以A.cal電話B.emailcherrylf@發(fā)郵件到cherrylf@；C.fa傳真D.telephon電話第二則廣告提供語言學(xué)習(xí)，其聯(lián)系方式是發(fā)郵件到：cherrylf@。故選B。18.【解析】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。所銷售的房屋總面積多少平方米？A.509sqm；B.428.8sqm；C.312.2sqm；D.80.2sqm。根據(jù)第一則廣告，正確選A。19.【解析】D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：Cherry現(xiàn)在在哪兒上班？A.Shanghai.上海；B.Pudong浦東；C.Beijing.北京；D.Guangzhou.廣州。Cherry是第二則廣告中的聯(lián)系人，該公司在廣州，故選D。20.【解析】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題意：如果尼克去北京世界滑雪場滑雪，他在哪一天去會比星期二付更多的錢？A.Wednesday星期三；B.Friday星期五；C.Sunday星期天；D.Monday星期一。根據(jù)第三則廣告，滑雪價格是周日50元每小時，周末70元每小時，故選C。21.【解析】A理解推斷題。如果你要在周日去滑雪四小時，你要至少付多少錢？A.138yuan；B.200yuan；C.208yuan；D.280yuan周日的價格是：門票18元，120元每四小時。18+120＝138，故選A?？键c：廣告類短文閱讀。（2022·安徽蕪湖·統(tǒng)考一模）AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem:aremote-operatedvehicle(遙控潛水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetectionsystem.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可見的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimatechange.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolvetheworld’sproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”22.AnnaDunoticed________whilewalkingalongthebeach.A.paper B.plastics C.shells D.sand23.WhatcanDu’sROVdo?A.Itcanfindtheplasticseasilyonthebeach.B.Itcancleanplasticsallupontheearth.C.Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.D.Itcanhelpaddresstheeffectsofclimatechange.24.WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?A.Becauseshe

learnsalotfromthestudentsandscientists.B.Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolvetheworld’sproblems.C.Becauseherparentswanthertoworkasanengineer.D.Becauseshefailedmanytimesinhertests.25.WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?A.Agoodengineeringsense. B.Thespiritofnevergivingup.C.Thesupportfromherparents. D.Aboveall.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹一個愛發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的女孩AnnaDu，她發(fā)明的遙控潛水器可以幫助清理海洋塑料?！敬鸢浮?2.B

23.C

24.B

25.D22.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.”可知AnnaDu在海邊散步的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)很多塑料。故選B。23.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知ROV可以在水中移動，找到海洋中的塑料。故選C。24.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolvetheworld’sproblems,”可知Du想成為工程師的原因是她喜歡造東西來幫助解決世界的問題。故選B。25.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit”、“Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”和“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities”可知好的工程感、不放棄的精神和父母的支持讓她成功建造了ROV。故選D。（2022·山東濱州·中考模擬）Chinaisagreatcountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.Inordertosolvethepopulationproblem,ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicy(政策)before.Whenitiscarriedoutforsometime,manypeoplenotonlyseeitsadvantagesbutalsodisadvantages.From2016,two-childpolicyisputintoeffect.Inmyopinion,two-childpolicyisgood.Firstofall,two-childpolicyisthegiftforsomeonlychild.Forsomefamilies,maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocanhaveonlychild.Besidesthelonelinessoftheirchild,whentheirchildgrowsupandtheygrowolder,theirchildmarryanonlychildgirl,theburden(負(fù)擔(dān))ontheirchildandhiswifeistooheavy.Theirchildandhiswifehavetotakecareoftwocouples.Usually,ayoungcouplelookingafteranoldcoupleisalittledifficult.Butiftheirparentshavetwochildren,theycansharetheburdenoftakingcareoftheirparents.Itwouldbemuchbetter.Secondly,two-childpolicycanguarantee(保證)thenumberofChinesepopulation.Allinall,one-childpolicyhasbeenoutofdate.Andtwo-childpolicyisneededandnecessary.Itcansolvetheproblemsofnowadays(現(xiàn)在)andthefuture.26.Whichcountryhasthelargestpopulationintheworld?A.America B.Britain C.China D.Japan.27.Theunderlinedphrase“carriedout”inParagraph1means“”inChinese.A.攜帶 B.取消 C.禁止 D.實行28.Ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicybeforeinorderto.A.solvethepopulationproblemB.takecareoftwooldcouplesC.sharetheburdenoftakingcareoftheirparentsD.arguethattwo-childpolicyshouldbeputintoeffect29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.One-childpolicyhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.B.It’seasyforayoungcoupletolookafteranoldcouple.C.Chinaisagreatcountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.D.Forsomefamilies，maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocanhave30.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Two-childpolicyisneededandnecessary.B.Ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicy.C.Two-childpolicyisthegiftforsomeonlychild.D.Two-childpolicycanguaranteethenumberofChinesepopulation.【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇議論文。作者按照，第一段提出為了解決人口問題，施行了獨生子女政策，一段時間之后人們發(fā)現(xiàn)它有利也有弊.第二段講從2016起，二孩政策產(chǎn)生了影響，作者提出了兩個方面的好處：第一，二孩政策減輕了一孩政策一對夫婦贍養(yǎng)四位老人的負(fù)擔(dān)；第二，二孩政策能夠保證中國人口數(shù)量。第三段，作者進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，獨身子女政策已經(jīng)過去，二孩政策是需要和有必要的，它能夠解決現(xiàn)在和未來的問題?！敬鸢浮?6.C

27.D

28.A

29.B

30.A26.【解析】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句Chinaisagreatcountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.可知中國是在世界上人口最多的國家。故選C。27.【解析】D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該詞組在位置，以及文章前后句，推測短語含義，我們的國家以前實行獨生子女政策，carryout，實行，故選D。28.【解析】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句Inordertosolvethepopulationproblem,ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicy(政策)before可知，實行獨生子女政策是為了解決人口問題，故選A。29.【解析】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句和第一句可知，A，C是正確的，根據(jù)第二段第三句Forsomefamilies，maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocanhaveonlychild.可知選項D是正確的；根據(jù)第二段：ayoungcouplelookingafteranoldcoupleisalittledifficult一對年輕的夫婦照顧一對年老夫婦有點困難可知B錯誤，故選B。30.【解析】A歸納總結(jié)題。根據(jù)短文主要講了二孩政策的好處，即二孩政策是需要和有必要的，故選A。（2018·廣西貴港·中考真題）Doyoualwaysfocusonstudyingandgetting“A”gradesinschool?MostChinesestudentsworkreallyhard.ButintheUnitedStates,youmightbeconsideredabookworm(書呆子)ifyoucannotsocialize(社交).Socializingisasimportantasyourgrades.Ifyoujuststudyallthetimeanddon’tsocialize,yourlifewon’tbecomplete.So,howdoesonesocializewithstudentsintheUS?Lotsofhighschoolsoftenhavesoccergamesduringtheautumnterm.Ididn’tknowanythingaboutsoccer,butIjoinedsomeofthesoccergamesinordertohavefunwithmyfriends.IthoughtIcouldlearntherulesfromothers.However,tomysurprise,someAmericanstudentsdon’tevenknowtherulesbutstillgotothegamesinordertosocialize.Theycheerforthesoccerplayersandhavefuntogether.Theothercommonwaytosocializeistojoinafter-schoolclubs.Youcanchooseclubsthatyouareinterestedinandmakealotofnewfriends.Forexample,oneofmyfriendsstartedasketch(素描)club.Iwasinterested,soIjoinedtheclub.ThereImetlotsofstudentswhowerealsointerestedinsketching.Wesoonbecamefriendswitheachother.SocializingisanimportantthingintheUS.Butgradesarestillimportant,too.Acompletestudentshouldhavetheabilitytobalance(平衡)hisorherstudyingandsocializing.31.Youmightbeconsidered________ifyoucannotsocializeintheUnitedStates.A.agoodstudent B.abookwormC.alazystudent D.ahard-workingstudent32.WhendolotsofhighschoolshavesoccergamesintheUS?A.Duringtheautumnterm. B.Duringthesummerterm.C.Duringthespringterm. D.Duringthewinterterm.33.Howmanywaystosocializearementionedinthepassage?A.Five. B.Four. C.Three. D.Two.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.MostChinesestudentsworkreallyhard.B.NotallAmericanstudentswhogotothesoccergamesknowtherules.C.Thewriterjoinedsomeofthesoccergamesinordertoplaysoccer.D.Ifyouwanttomakelotsofnewfriends,youcanjoinclubsthatyouareinterestedin.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoMakeNewFriends.B.BalanceStudyingandSocializing.C.SocializingIsNotasYourGrades.D.SocializingIstheMostImportantThingintheUS.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國學(xué)生如何進(jìn)行社交并且要平衡社交和學(xué)習(xí)?！敬鸢浮?1.B

32.A

33.D

34.C

35.B31.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“youmightbeconsideredabookworm(書呆子)ifyoucannotsocialize(社交).”可知，在美國如果你不會社交的話，你會被認(rèn)為是書呆子，故選B。32.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lotsofhighschoolsoftenhavesoccergamesduringtheautumnterm.”可知，高中在秋季學(xué)期的時候會有很多的足球比賽，故選A。33.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章可知，文章提到了參加足球賽和參加課后俱樂部兩種方式來社交，故選D。34.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“butIjoinedsomeofthesoccergamesinordertohavefunwithmyfriends.”可知，我參加足球賽是為了和我的朋友玩耍，不是為了踢足球，故選C。35.【解析】最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要是介紹如何進(jìn)行社交，且社交和學(xué)習(xí)一樣重要，要去平衡兩者，故選B。（2022·廣東·模擬預(yù)測）Areyouafanofcoolinventions?Thesenewproductsmakeourlivesmoreconvenientandevenfun.Timepickedout100ofthebestinventionsin2020.Let’shavealookatthreeofthem.EmbodiedMoxieRobotLookinglikeafriendlyandhelpfulcharacterfromthepopularchildren’sTVshowMisterRogers’Neighborhood,therobotwasdesignedbysomeoftheshow’screators,aswellaseducationexperts.Moxiecanbeafriendwhoencourageskidstoreadanddraw.Ithelpsthemdevelopcreativeandsocialskills.Forexample,itencourageschildrentotalkabouttheirfeelingswiththeirfriends.DarkSkysDS-1PlanetariumDoyoulikewatchingthestarsatnight?Withahomeplanetarium(星空儀),wecanlookatthenightskywheneverwewant.TheMillerEngineeringDarkSkysDS-1Planetariumcanproject4.1millionstars!Lastyear,manypeoplewerestuck(困于)insideduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Thisplanetariumbecamepopularbybringingthenightskybacktothem.SATOTapHandwashingStationBecauseofCOVID-19,washinghandsmoreoftenbecomesnecessary.Butsometimeswecouldn’tfindwaterorsoap.Tomakeitmoreconvenient,aJapanesecompanyLIXILinventedtheSATOTap,whichisamobilehandwashingstation.Thereisalsoaplacetoputthesoap.Thisnewproductcostsonly3dollarsto6dollars.36.WhowillEmboidedMoxieRobothelp?A.Aneducationalexpert. B.Aprimaryschoolstudent.C.AfriendofMisterRogers’. D.AcreatorofMisterRogers’Neighborhood.37.Whydidhomeplanetariumbecomepopularlastyear?A.Itpreventsthecustomersfromgettingill.B.Itmakeswatchingstarsatanytimepossible.C.Ithelpspeoplestepoutsidetoenjoythenightsky.D.Itisamachinethatcanprojectthemoststars