重難點30任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子-2023年中考英語【熱點·重點·難點】專練(全國通用)(解析版)

專項五中考題型重難點30任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子 1.句子還原題型滿分技巧 1.1.解題步驟（1）讀選項，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。（2）讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。（3）先易后難來解題。（4）回讀文章定答案。2.2.得分技巧（1）抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。（2）盯緊橫線的前后詞語。2.句子還原題型復習策略及解題技巧：2.1.養(yǎng)成限時閱讀的習慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效率問題。閱讀速度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘40—50個詞為宜。2.2.注意?？键c。平時練習多注意代詞（如it，this，they）、選項的句內(nèi)關(guān)系（如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折）及重現(xiàn)（文章與選項的復現(xiàn)提示）等。2.3.解題技巧通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項填入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。2.3.1.如果問題設(shè)在段首（1）通常是段落的主題句。認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（2）與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有某種的銜接手段。（3）段落間的過渡句。這時要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。2.3.2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾（1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（2）通常是結(jié)論，概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號詞，如：Therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（3）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關(guān)系。（4）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。（5）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段的開頭是否有一定的銜接，認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù)歷年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1.學生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。2.學生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。典例解析（2022·山東泰安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項.并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Whenyouuseaknifeandfork.youhavetotaketheknifewithyourrighthandandtheforkwithyourlefthand,oryoucan’tputfoodintoyourmouth.Butwithchopsticks,youcansolvetheeatingproblemswithjustonehand.____1____ChopstickswerecalledzhuorjiainancientChina.ItissaidthattheywereinventedbyDaYu,whosuccessfullycontrolledtheheavyflood（洪水）.Onedayhewasbusydealingwiththeflood.Inordertosavetimewheneating,heusedtwosticksfromatreetotakethehotfood.Thatwashowchopstickscameintouse.___2____Infact,theearliestchopsticksfoundinChinaweremadeofbronze（青銅）,whichwereunearthedfromYinxuinAnyangcity.HenanProvince.Manypeopleprobablyhaven’trealizedtheculturalmeaningsofchopsticks.____3____Doyounoticethatoneendofchopsticksissquareandtheotherendisround?So,why?Accordingtoourancestors,theroundendsymbolized（象征）HeavenandthesquareendsymbolizedEarth.___4____InChineseculture,itshowstheperfectcombination（結(jié)合）ofyinandyang.TheinfluenceofChineseculturehasstretched（延伸）farandwide.____5____Soit’sunbelievablethatforeignerscannotusechopsticks.A．Besides,chopsticksareusedinpairs.B．It’sconvenientandefficient（有效率的）.C．Itwasoneofthelegends（傳說）aboutchopsticks.D．Atleast1.8billionpeopleareusingchopsticksaroundtheworld.E．TheyareregardedasoneofthesymbolsofChinesefoodculture.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了筷子的起源，與其有關(guān)的傳說以及它的象征意義?！敬鸢附馕觥?．根據(jù)“Butwithchopsticks.youcansolvetheeatingproblemswithjustonehand”可知，相比刀叉，筷子就方便得多，B選項“它既方便又高效”符合，故選B。2．根據(jù)“ItissaidthattheywereinventedbyDaYu,whosuccessfullycontrolledtheheavyflood…”可知，此處在介紹有關(guān)筷子的傳說，C選項“這是關(guān)于筷子的一個傳說”符合，故選C。3．根據(jù)“Manypeopleprobablyhaven’trealizedtheculturalmeaningsofchopsticks”可知，此處介紹筷子象征的文化，E選項“它們被視為中國飲食文化的象征之一”符合，故選E。4．根據(jù)“InChineseculture,itshowstheperfectcombination（結(jié)合）ofyinandyang”可知，筷子展示了陰和陽的完美結(jié)合，所以筷子都是成對出現(xiàn)的，A選項“此外，筷子是成對使用的”符合，故選A。5．根據(jù)“TheinfluenceofChineseculturehasstretched（延伸）farandwide”可知，此處介紹筷子的影響力，D選項“全世界至少有18億人在使用筷子”符合，故選D。（2022·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyyear,millionsofbirdsarekilledorhurtwhentheyflyintobuildings.Whydoesthishappen?___1___Birdsareflyingintowindowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.Manybirdsflyfromoneplacetoanother.Mostofthetime,theyliveinthewild,suchasforestsandwetlands.___2___Theymightseesmalltreesandflowersinsideawindowandwanttorestontheseplants.Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.___3___Somebirdsflyatnight.Theyusethemoonandstarstohelpguidethemintherightdirection.Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse(迷惑)thebirds.___4___Thebirdsseethelight,buttheycannottellthatthelightiscomingfrominsideabuilding.Theyflytowardthelightandcrashintoabuilding.Onmanymornings,theremightbeseveraldeadbirdslyingontheground.___5___Manyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.A．Theanswerisglass.B．Peoplearetryingtosolvetheproblem.C．Thesebirdshavenoideawhatglassis.D．Asaresult,theyflyrightintotheglass.E．Inthisway,theycanavoidcrashingintoglass.F．Peopledon’tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.G．Thisisabigproblem,especiallyonfoggyandrainynights.【短文大意】本文主要講述了城市中帶有玻璃墻的建筑內(nèi)晚上的燈光給遷徙的鳥兒造成了困擾，使得它們誤撞上玻璃從而導致死亡。【答案解析】1．根據(jù)“Whydoesthishappen?”可知，空處應(yīng)是解釋背后的原因，結(jié)合“windowsandtallbuildingsthatareallcoveredbyglass.”可知，與玻璃有關(guān)，A項“答案是玻璃”符合語境。故選A。2．根據(jù)“Mostofthetime,theyliveinthewild,suchasforestsandwetlands.”可知，大多數(shù)時候，它們生活在野外，比如森林和濕地，所以對于玻璃沒有概念，C項“這些鳥根本不知道玻璃是什么?！狈险Z境。故選C。3．根據(jù)“Thebirdsdonotknowthereisglassbetweenthemandtheplants.”可知，鳥兒不知道它們和植物之間有玻璃，所以就撞上了，D項“結(jié)果，它們直接撞到了玻璃上?！狈险Z境。故選D。4．根據(jù)“Tallbuildingswithlightsonatnightcanconfuse（迷惑）thebirds.”可知，這里是說夜晚亮著燈的高樓大廈會迷惑鳥類這一問題，G項“這是一個大問題，尤其是在霧天和雨夜?！狈险Z境。故選G。5．根據(jù)“Manyofficebuildingsnowturnofftheirlightsatnight.Thishelpsreducethenumberofbirdsthatflyintobuildingsanditalsohelpssaveenergy.”可知，本段是講對于這一問題人們采取的解決辦法，B項“人們正在努力解決這個問題?！狈险Z境。故選B。（2022·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的選項中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項，使短文通順連貫，其中有兩項是多余選項。Giftsareawayforpeopletoshowlove.___6___Thegiftcanbeanything,yourfavouriteCD,abook,clothes,deliciousfoodandsoon.Gettingagiftcanmakeyoufeelthelove.Ahandmadegiftisthebestwaytoshowyourlove.Andonthedayofmakingagift,youcansharethatlovewithsomeoneyoucareabout.MakeaGiftDayisonDecember3.___7___Thedayiscoming.Ifyoudon’tknowwhattobuy,whynotmakeagiftonthisday?___8___Therewastime,notallthatlongago,whenahandmadegiftwastheonlykindofgiftyoucouldgive.Inthepast,gift-giverswouldspendtimemakinggiftsfortheirfriends.Whetherit’sasimplehandmadewallet,anewskirt,orababybedforasoon-to-bebaby,everythingishandmadewithlove.YoumaywonderhowtocelebrateMakeaGiftDay.Itisaneasyone!Makehandmadegiftsonthisday!Tryyourhandatmakingagift,nomatterwhatitis.___9___DIYsomegiftswithyourfriends.Don’thaveaDIYskill?Startlearningfromtoday.YoucanstartmakinghandmadegiftsforyourfamilyandfriendsintheNewYear.Youallhavetheabilitytomakegiftsforpeopleyoucareabout.___10___Andwritesomesentencesonittoexpressyourlove.Therearesomanykindsofgiftsyoucanmakeandyouneedtothinkandcreateforyourself.Peoplewhogetyourgiftswillknowhowmuchyoulovethem.A．Ilikethisnicegiftverymuch.B．Forexample,youcanmakeacard.C．Butdoyouknowaboutitshistory?D．Youcanrefusethegiftifyoudon’tlikeit.E．It’sfuntogetagiftandthinkaboutwhat’sinit.F．Also,youcanhaveagift-makingpartytocelebrateit.G．Itencouragespeopletomakehandmadegiftsfortheirlovedonesonthisday.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了“禮物制作節(jié)”?！敬鸢附馕觥?．由后句“Thegiftcanbeanything,yourfavouriteCD,abook,clothes,deliciousfoodandsoon”可知，此句是說收到的禮物可能會是什么，E項“收到一份禮物，想想里面有什么是很有趣的?！狈险Z境，故選E。7．由前句“MakeaGiftDayisonDecember3”可知，此處介紹“禮物制作節(jié)”，G項“它鼓勵人們在這一天為他們的愛人手工制作禮物”符合語境，故選G。8．由后句“Therewastime,notallthatlongago,whenahandmadegiftwastheonlykindofgiftyoucouldgive”可知，此句與“禮物制作節(jié)”的歷史有關(guān)，C項“但是你了解它的歷史嗎”符合語境，故選C。9．由后句“DIYsomegiftswithyourfriends”可知，此句是在說如何慶?！岸Y物制作節(jié)”，F(xiàn)項“另外，你也可以舉辦一個禮物制作派對來慶?！狈险Z境，故選F。10．由后句“Andwritesomesentencesonittoexpressyourlove”可知，此句應(yīng)該是說制作一張類似卡片的禮物，B項“例如，你可以制作一張卡片”符合語境，故選B。（2022·云南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Doyoufeelnervouswhenyoutalktoyourparents?Doyoueasilymakethemangry?Don’tworry.____11____Findthecommoninterestsbetweenyouandyourparents.Forexample,ifyouandyourdadbothlikeplayingbasketball,youcanwatchonegametogetherandtalkaboutit.____12____Trytostartadinnertimetalkwithyourparents.Askyourparentsabouttheirday,andtheywillopenuptoyoueasily.Don’tforgetthatyouhavetoopenuptothem,too.____13____Besides,it’salsoagoodideatosharesomethingaboutthelatestmovies.Soonallofyouwillhaveagoodconversation.____14____Eyecontact(交流)isnecessary.Don’tbebored,ortheywillprobablystoptalkingandwalkaway.____15____Ifyoulistenpatiently,they’llbeinterestedintalkingtoyou.Asaresult,therewillbeawarmconversationbetweenyouandyourparents.Inaword,it’seasytogetalongwellwithyourparentsifyouseethemasyourfriends.A．Letthemknowyou’relistening.B．Tellthemwhathappenedatschool.C．It’simportanttohaveahealthydiet.D．Lookatyourparentswhenyoutalk.E．Getsometrainingataparents’school.F．Youcanfindtheconversationwillcomeeasily.G．Hereissomeadviceabouthowtotalktoyourparents.【短文大意】本文就如何和父母良好地溝通提出了一些建議?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．根據(jù)“Doyoufeelnervouswhenyoutalktoyourparents?Doyoueasilymakethemangry?Don’tworry”及下文內(nèi)容的介紹可知，此處有一些幫助你如何和父母溝通的建議，G選項“這里有一些關(guān)于如何與父母交談的建議”符合，故選G。12．根據(jù)“Findthecommoninterestsbetweenyouandyourparents”可知，尋找和父母之間的共同興趣，讓對話變得更容易，F(xiàn)選項“你會發(fā)現(xiàn)對話來得很容易”符合，故選F。13．根據(jù)“Don’tforgetthatyouhavetoopenuptothem,too”可知，也要跟他們談一談自己發(fā)生的事情，B選項“告訴他們學校發(fā)生的事”符合，故選B。14．根據(jù)“Eyecontact(交流)isnecessary.Don’tbebored,ortheywillprobablystoptalkingandwalkaway.”可知，此處說的是注意眼神交流，D選項“說話的時候看著你的父母”符合，故選D。15．根據(jù)“Ifyoulistenpatiently,they’llbeinterestedintalkingtoyou”可知，此處介紹聆聽的重要性，A選項“讓他們知道你在傾聽”符合，故選A。（2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhenyoudoDIY,youmake,repairordecoratethingsyourselfinsteadofpayingsomeonetodoit.Foronething,it’sawonderfultimetoenjoyyourselfwhenyoumakesomething.____16____Today,Iwillshowyouhowtomakeafruitsalad.First,chooseyourfavouritefruit.Usefruitinseason.____17____Next,washthefruit.____18____Forexample,mixingredapples,greenpearsandpurplegrapescanmakeyoursaladlookverycolorful.Then,cutsomeofthelargerfruitintosmallpieces.____19____Finally,mixthemtogetherandaddsomesaladcreamifyoulike.____20____Justprepareitbeforeyouaregoingtoeatit,becausesomeofthefruitwillquicklyturnbrownwhenyouleaveitintheairforsometime.A．Makesurethatitisfresh.B．Pleasetakecarewhenyouuseaknife.C．You’dbetterusefruitofdifferentcolors.D．ItwilltakeyoualotoftimetodoDIY.E．Trynottopreparethefruitsaladtooearly.F．Foranotherthing,itcansaveyoumoney.G．DIYstandsfor“do-it-yourself”.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了如何制作水果沙拉?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．根據(jù)“Foronething,it’sawonderfultimetoenjoyyourselfwhenyoumakesomething”可知接下來繼續(xù)描述DIY的好處，選項F“另一方面，它可以為你省錢”符合語境。故選F。17．根據(jù)“Usefruitinseason”可知要使用時令水果，這樣可以保證水果新鮮，選項A“確保它是新鮮的”符合語境。故選A。18．根據(jù)“Forexample,mixingredapples,greenpearsandpurplegrapescanmakeyoursaladlookverycolorful.”可知要用不同顏色的水果，選項C“你最好用不同顏色的水果”符合語境。故選C。19．根據(jù)“cutsomeofthelargerfruitintosmallpieces”可知此處和切水果有關(guān)，選項B“用刀時請小心”符合語境。故選B。20．根據(jù)“Justprepareitbeforeyouaregoingtoeatit”可知不要提前準備，在你吃之前準備好，選項E“盡量不要過早準備水果沙拉”符合語境。故選E。（2022·山東濟南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.____21____Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.____22____Whatarethereasons?Becauseoftheirdislikeoftheclothestheyareaskedtowearandthelack（缺乏）offacilities（設(shè)備）todotheirhairafterwards.Asmoregirlsthanboysfailtotakepartinphysicalactivities,thisisseenasaproblemthatneedsdealingwith.ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorecomfortabletowear.ThegirlswantedtohavethechancetosaywhatthePEclothesshouldlooklike.Theysuggestedclothingshouldcovermoreoftheirbodies,suchasleggingsandhigh-neckedshirts.____23____Anotherkeyproblemthegirlsreportedwasnothavingthefacilitiesavailabletodotheirhairaftertheyhadtakenpartinexercise.Thegirlsbeinginterviewedwantedprivatespacewheretheycouldgetchanged.Theyfeltschoolsshouldsupplyhairdryerssothattheycouldstyletheirhair.____24____Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.____25____Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.Itshouldhelpthemseethevalueofkeepingphysicallyfit,enjoyingteamspiritandachievingtheirsuccessandnotworryingaboutwhattheirhairlookslike.A．GirlshadthefollowingproblemswithPEclasses.B．Evenaquarterofthemactuallyavoidtakingpart.C．However,noteveryoneagreeswiththesuggestions.D．Theyalsorequired15minutesattheendofthePEclass.E．Surprisingly,mostgirlsdon’tagreewiththissuggestion.F．PEclassesareonewayofgettingyoungpeopletodothis.G．Theyalsothoughtthematerialsusedwerenotgoodenough.【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了女生們不喜歡上體育課的原因以及學生們對此問題提出的相關(guān)建議?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．根據(jù)上一句“Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.”可知，讓年輕人進行體育鍛煉是真的很重要。因此此處應(yīng)是說明如何讓年輕人做這件事。選項F“體育課是讓年輕人做這件事的一種方法?！狈险Z境。故選F。22．根據(jù)上一句“Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.”可知，最近的一份報告顯示，在接受問卷調(diào)查的女生中，只有一半的女生喜歡做運動。由此可知，此處應(yīng)是說明女生參加運動的其他情況。選項B“甚至她們中有四分之一實際上還逃避運動。”符合語境。故選B。23．根據(jù)上文“ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorecomfortabletowear.”可知，此處講女生們不喜歡體育課上所要穿的衣服。選項G“他們還認為所用的材料不夠好。”符合語境。故選G。24．根據(jù)下一句“Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.”可知，他們可以利用這個時間去整理她們的頭發(fā)，確保她們看起來和去上體育課前一樣。說明此處應(yīng)是建議要有一個特殊的時間段。選項D“她們也要求體育課結(jié)束的時候要有15分鐘的休息時間?！狈险Z境。故選D。25．根據(jù)上一句“Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.”可知，有些研究人員認為學校應(yīng)該認真對待這些問題。結(jié)合下一句“Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.”可知，有些老師認為應(yīng)該讓年輕人摒棄和外貌有關(guān)的想法。此處應(yīng)是說明有些人的看法不一致。選項C“然而，并不是每個人都同意這些建議?！狈险Z境。故選C。（2022·云南昆明·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Plasticbringsusconvenience,andpollutionaswell._____26_____It’sinourfoodanddrinks,intheclotheswewearandevenintheairwebreathe.Someverytinypiecesofplasticarecalledmicroplastics(微塑料).Thelargestmicroplasticscanbedirectlyseen._____27_____Whatshouldwedothen?_____28_____Anytimeplasticboxesareheated,microplasticscangetintoyourfood.Ifyoucan’tavoidusingplasticboxes,trynottoheatfoodinthem.Useaglassormetalcupinsteadofaplasticone.Researchershavefoundthatbottledwaterhasmoremicroplasticsthantapwater._____29_____Soifyoulikedrinkingcoffee,hotmilkorotherhotdrinks,remembertouseaglassormetalcup.Sinceplasticiseverywhere,researcherssuggestthatweshouldbecarefulwithpossiblemicroplasticsinlife.Theymaybefrombabytoys,pens,andevenphonesweuseeveryday._____30_____根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A．What’sworse,it’severywhere.B．Avoidheatingfoodinplasticboxes.C．Weshoulddrinkmorebottledwater.D．Useplasticproductswidelyinourdailylife.E．Allinall,weshoulduseplasticproductsproperly.F．Butmanyofthemaresmallenoughtobearounduswithoutbeingseen.G．Also,theheatofyourdrinkswillencouragemicroplasticstogetintoyourdrinks.【短文大意】本文主要講述了塑料污染在日常生活中很常見，文章就如何避免塑料污染提出了幾個建議?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．根據(jù)“It’sinourfoodanddrinks,intheclotheswewearandevenintheairwebreathe”可知塑料很常見，到處都是，選項A“更糟糕的是，它到處都是”符合語境。故選A。27．根據(jù)“Thelargestmicroplasticscanbedirectlyseen”可知大的塑料可以看見，但是細小的塑料不容易被看見，選項F“但它們中的許多都小到可以在我們周圍而不被發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合語境。故選F。28．根據(jù)“Anytimeplasticboxesareheated,microplasticscangetintoyourfood”可知本段主要建議不要加熱塑料盒子，選項B“避免在塑料盒中加熱食物”符合語境。故選B。29．根據(jù)“Researchershavefoundthatbottledwaterhasmoremicroplasticsthantapwater”可知此處描述瓶裝水的危害，選項G“此外，飲料的熱量會促使微塑料進入您的飲料中”符合語境。故選G。30．空格處在文章結(jié)尾，所以應(yīng)是總結(jié)性話語，選項E“總而言之，我們應(yīng)該正確使用塑料制品”符合語境。故選E。（2022·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項?！癆childwithamotherislikeatreasure.”___31___Whenyouwereababycryingallnight,yourmomsangtoyouandstayedbyyourside.Whenyouweretired,___32___Whenyoufellandhurtyourself,shegaveyouahugandliftedyouup.Whenyoudidn’tgetwhatyouwanted,whenyouweresad,when...yourmotherwasalwaystheretohelpyou.Sheisamotherwhoiscommonandwantsnothinginreturnatall.Amongallthemothers,wearedeeplymovedbythetwomothers.WangYapingisthefirstChinesewomantoliveintheTiangongstationandthefirstfemale（女性）Chinesespacewalker（太空行走者）.Sheisalsoa6-year-oldgirl’smother.Beforesettingout,shepromisedtopickastarforherdaughter.Sixmonthslater,WangYapingcamebackandtoldherlittledaughter,“Momhasreturnedafterreachingforthestars.”___33___Sheisaninspiring（鼓舞人心的）andunusualmother.ZhangGuimeiistheheadmasterofHuapingGirlsHighSchoolinLijiang,shewentoutofherwaytoraisemoneysothatshesetupthisschool.___34___Overthepast13years,shehassent1,800girlstouniversity.ZhangGuimei’seffortandlovehavechangedtheirlives.___35___sheisaselfless（無私的）mothertothesegirls.Motherplaysanimportantroleinourlives.Allthemothershaveonethingincommon:Fullloveintheireyes,brightlightintheirhearts.A．shegaveyouwarmarmstosleepin.B．Shesucceededinachievingherpromise.C．However,ZhangGuimeiraisedmoneyforherownchild.D．Thissongshowsthatmothermeansthewholeworldtoherchild.E．Althoughshedoesn’thaveherownchild,F．Thissongbringsfriendsclosertogether.G．Ithasofferedfreeeducationtogirlsinthemountains.【短文大意】本文講述母親對于孩子的愛，講述王亞平和張桂梅偉大的母愛?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．根據(jù)“Achildwithamotherislikeatreasure”可知，文章開頭講述《世上只有媽媽好》這首歌的歌詞。句子講述這首歌的意義。D選項“這首歌意味著母親是孩子的全世界”符合。故選D。32．根據(jù)“Whenyouwereababycryingallnight,yourmomsangtoyouandstayedbyyourside.Whenyouweretired”可知，當你還是嬰兒的時候晚上哭泣，你的母親會給你唱歌待在你旁邊?？芍渥又v述當你疲憊的時候，母親的反應(yīng)。A選項“她會給你溫暖的胳膊讓你入睡”符合。故選A。33．根據(jù)“Beforesettingout,shepromisedtopickastarforherdaughter”及“Momhasreturnedafterreachingforthestars”可知她承諾給她的女兒摘星星，六個月之后她回來跟她的女兒說她觸摸星星之后回來了?？芍袷亓顺兄Z。B選項“她成功了遵守了她的承諾”符合。故選B。34．根據(jù)“shewentoutofherwaytoraisemoneysothatshesetupthisschool”她專門籌錢建立了華坪女子中學，可知句子表達這所學校的作用。G選項“它為山里的女孩子提供了免費的教育”符合。故選G。35．根據(jù)“sheisaselflessmothertothesegirls”對于這些女孩來說，她是一位無私的母親。可知，句子表達張桂梅對于這些女孩子的作用和母親這個身份有關(guān)。E選項“雖然她沒有自己的孩子”符合。故選E。二、閱讀還原6選5（2022·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）補全短文根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的A-F選項中，選出5個適當?shù)倪x項補全短文。Brainstormingisthepracticeofcomingupwithideasorsolutions.__36__Butwedohavesomerulestofollowforsuccessfulbrainstorming.Focusonquantity（數(shù)量）overquality.Whenitcomestobrainstorming,themoreideas,thebetter.Don’tworryaboutthequalityofyourideasfornow.__37__Rememberthatyourgoalistocomeupwithasmanyideasaspossible.Evenifnoneofthemareperfect,you’llstillhavemanycreativeideastouseforyourfinalplan.Encouragebigorunusualideas.__38__Althoughunusualideasmaynotbeimmediatelypractical,justcreatingthoseideasgivesyourbraintraining.Itcanalsohelptoproducecreativesolutionsthatarehardtocomeupwith.__39__Don’tsaynototheideasofothers.Youcanputtogetherthebestpartsofdifferentideastocreatenew,evenbetterones.Evenifyou’renotbrainstormingasagroup,youshouldstillthinkaboutsharingyourideaswithothersandaskingthemfortheiradvice.Youdon’thavetoregardyourselfasaverycreativepersontocomeupwithexcellentideasandsolutionsatonce.__40__Evenifyoudon’tfindtheperfectsolution,justpracticingitcanhelptoimproveyourcreativity.Putthesetipstogetherandyouaresuretocomeupwithsomegreatideas.A．Shareideaswitheachother.B．Brainstormingcanhelpunlockideas.C．There’snocorrectwaytobrainstorm.D．Justsayorwriteanyideathatcomestomind.E．Youcanpracticebrainstormingskillswheneveryouwantto.F．Don’tgiveupyourideas,nomatterhowstrangetheyseemtobe.【短文大意】本文主要講述了一些成功的頭腦風暴要遵循的規(guī)則?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．根據(jù)“Butwedohavesomerulestofollowforsuccessfulbrainstorming”可知雖然沒有頭腦風暴的正確方法，但是有一些規(guī)則，選項C“沒有正確的頭腦風暴方法”符合語境。故選C。37．根據(jù)“Don’tworryaboutthequalityofyourideasfornow”以及“Rememberthatyourgoalistocomeupwithasmanyideasaspossible”可知不要擔心想法的質(zhì)量，只要想出盡可能多的想法，把它們說出來或者寫下來，選項D“只要說出或?qū)懴孪氲降娜魏蜗敕ā狈险Z境。故選D。38．根據(jù)“Encouragebigorunusualideas”可知此處內(nèi)容和不同尋常的或者奇怪的想法有關(guān)，選項F“不要放棄你的想法，無論它們看起來多么奇怪”符合語境。故選F。39．根據(jù)“Don’tsaynototheideasofothers”以及本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了要和其他人分享想法，選項A“和其他人分享想法”符合語境。故選A。40．根據(jù)“Evenifyoudon’tfindtheperfectsolution,justpracticingitcanhelptoimproveyourcreativity”可知此處說明頭腦風暴的好處，選項B“頭腦風暴可以幫助解鎖想法”符合語境。故選B。（2022·山西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，從所給的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，使短文意思通順，選項中有一項為多余項。Courageisoftenthoughttobeoneoftheimportantspiritseveryoneneeds.Thenwhatiscourage?___41___Oneisn’tnecessarilybornwithcourage,butoneisbornwithpotential(潛力).Kidsbuildcourageastheyaregrowingup.Manypeopletalkaboutconnectionsbetweencourageandfear.___42___Ifthereisnofear,thereisnoneedforcourage.Thatistosay,courageistheabilitytodowhatmakesyoufeelafraid.Couragedoesn’tonlymeangreatactionssuchassavingone’slifeortakingabigrisk.___43___Forexample,weshowcouragewhenweraiseourhandtoanswerahardquestionduringclassortryanewsport.Courageisineverydaychoiceswemake.Canyoubekindtothenewkidinclass?___44___Orcanyoustandupforsomeoneinneed?Often,thesethingsdon’tcomewithpraise,buttheyneedcourage.___45___Whenwebecomebraveenoughtofacefailure,we’llbemorewillingtotrynewthingsandtryagainafterwefail.Couragedoesn’talwaysshout.Sometimescourageisthelittlevoiceattheendofthedaythatsays,“I’lltryagaintomorrow.”A．Youshouldlearntospeakinpublic.B．Itistheabilitytodosomethingdifficult.C．Couragealwaysstandssidebysidewithfear.D．Canyoulistentothenewpersoninyourgroup?E．Learningtofailisanotherimportantpartofcourage.F．Couragealsomeansthesmalleractionsofoureverydaylives.【短文大意】本文介紹勇氣是在我們生活中的各種情況下都能勇敢面對的能力。在該文中作者就如何才能建立起我們的勇氣給出了一些建議?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．根據(jù)“Thenwhatiscourage?”可知，此處應(yīng)該介紹勇氣的含義，選項B“它是做困難事情的能力?！狈险Z境，故選B。42．根據(jù)“Ifthereisnofear,thereisnoneedforcourage.”可知，如果沒有恐懼，就不需要勇氣，所以二者是共存的，選項C“勇氣總是與恐懼并肩而行?！狈险Z境，故選C。43．根據(jù)“Couragedoesn’tonlymeangreatactionssuchassavingone’slifeortakingabigrisk.”可知，勇氣不僅意味著挽救生命或冒大風險等偉大的行動，選項F“勇氣也意味著我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械男∈??！狈险Z境，故選F。44．根據(jù)“Canyoubekindtothenewkidinclass?...Orcanyoustandupforsomeoneinneed?”可知，此處也應(yīng)是一個Can開頭的一般疑問句，選項D“你能聽聽小組里新來的人的聲音嗎？”符合語境，故選D。45．根據(jù)“Whenwebecomebraveenoughtofacefailure,we’llbemorewillingtotrynewthingsandtryagainafterwefail.”可知，當我們變得足夠勇敢面對失敗，我們會更愿意嘗試新事物，并在我們失敗后再次嘗試。此處強調(diào)勇氣與失敗的關(guān)系，選項E“學會失敗是勇氣的另一個重要組成部分?！狈险Z境，故選E。（2022·四川南充·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從其后所給的六個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有一項為多余選項。TheUnity(和諧)ofManandNatureThe“unityofmanandnature”isnecessaryandimportantintheculturaltraditionofChina.TheChinesebelieveintheunityofmanandnature,abasicwaytotheirphilosophy(哲學)oflife.___46___Theyarealsocelebratedfornature.___47___Zhuangzi,forexample,believed“Heaven(天)andearthareparentstoallthingsintheworld”.Thebeautyofnatureisto“givebirthtoallthings”and“l(fā)etallthingsgrow”,whilethedutyofhumansisto“makeallthingsperfect”.Heaven,earth,andhumansshouldbeoneinunity.___48___Theyarenecessarytoeachother,sotheyshouldtreateachotherwithkindness.TheideaofunityofmanandnaturehasbeenintheheartofChinesepeople.___49___InmostprovincesofChina,someruleshavebeenmadetoreducepollution.Manypowerstationsthatproduceandprovidesafeandcleanelectricityhavebeenbuilt.___50___MostoftheChinese,especiallytheyoung,arewillingtoprotectthenaturalenvironment.Chinaisnowworkingwithallothercountriestomaketheearthabetterplacetolive.A．Eachofthethreehasitsownway.B．Thepowerisfromwater,wind,andsunlight.C．ThereareplentyofgreatpeopleinthehistoryofChina.D．TheancientChineseneverplacedthemselvesabovenature.E．ItencouragesmodernChinesetotakeactiontoprotectnaturalenvironment.F．MosttraditionalChinesefestivalsbuildarightorderofrelationshipsamonghumans.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中國文化中的“天人合一”的思想。【答案解析】46．根據(jù)“Theyarealsocelebratedfornature.”可知，空處應(yīng)是引出被慶祝的“They”指代的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)項“大多數(shù)中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日都建立了正確的人際關(guān)系秩序”符合語境。故選F。47．根據(jù)“Zhuangzi,forexample,believed“Heaven(天)andearthareparentstoallthingsintheworld”.Thebeautyofnatureisto“givebirthtoallthings”and“l(fā)etallthingsgrow”,whilethedutyofhumansisto“makeallthingsperfect”.”可知，此處是介紹古代中國人關(guān)于大自然觀點，D項“古代中國人從不把自己置于自然之上”符合語境。故選D。48．根據(jù)“Heaven,earth,andhumansshouldbeoneinunity.”可知，空處與天、地、人三者之間的關(guān)系有關(guān)，A項“這三者各有各的方式”符合語境。故選A。49．根據(jù)“InmostprovincesofChina,someruleshavebeenmadetoreducepollution”可