2023屆山西省臨汾市高考考前適應(yīng)性訓練考試(一)英語試題

臨汾市2023年高考考前適應(yīng)性訓練考試（一）

英語

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分，不計入總分）

做題時，請先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)

涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.719.15.B.?9.15.C.?9.18.

答案：B

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.AChineserestaurant.B.Friedchicken.C.AnItalianrestaurant.

2.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheadvertisement?

A.It'scheap.B.It'sexpensive.C.It'sreasonable.

3.Whenisthefilmgoingtobeon?

A.At7:35.B.At7:05.C.At7:45.

4.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisweekend?

A.Haveapicnic.B.Prepareforanexam.C.Haveanexam.

5.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?

A.Takethebus.B.Seeanothershow.C.Walktothetheatre.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小

題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhydoesGracielacometoaskforhelpfromMr.Jenner?

A.Shehasaproblemwithherroommates.

B.Shehasaproblemwithherschoolwork.

C.Shehasaproblemwithherhousing.

7.WhatisGracielamostprobablygoingtodotomorrow?

A.Dotheschoolwork.

B.Moveintoaschooldormitory.

C.Haveabusridetrip.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.HowoftendoesSallygoabroadforatrip?

A.Everymonth.B.Everyfewmonths.C.Onceortwiceayear.

9.Whatisthemangoingtodothisweekend?

A.Goonaroadtrip.B.Visithisgrandpa.C.Liveinhospital.

10.Whatarethespeakersmostprobablygoingtodonextweekend?

A.Goonanouting.B.Goforapicnic.C.Traveloverseas.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.

12.Whafsprobablywrongwiththewoman?

A.Shehasacold.B.She'sfoodpoisoning.C.Shehasastomachache.

13.Whydoesthemanmakeaphonecall?

A.Todateadoctorforthewoman.

B.Toaskforaday'srestforthewoman.

C.Toaskforaleavetolookafterthewoman.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatkindoftabledoesthemanwanttohave?

A.Atablefarawayfromnoise.B.Atablenearthewindow.C.Atableforthree.

15.Whatkindofsoupisrecommendedtotheman?

A.Meatsoup.B.Fishsoup.C.Vegetablesoup.

16.Whatpiedoesthemanaskfor?

A.Apiewithvegetablesinit.B.Apiewithchickeninit.C.Apiewithicecreamontop.

17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inashop.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhatdidLincoln'sfatherdo?

A.Ateacher.B.Aworker.C.Afarmer.

19.Whycouldn'tLincolngotoschool?

A.Becausehewastoooldforschool.

B.Becausetherewasnoschoolnearby.

C.Becausehisfamilywastoopoor.

20.HowlongdidittakeMrs.Lincolntomakeatriptothetown?

A.Awholeday.B.Halfaday.C.Oneandahalfdays.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）

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閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Thelibraryistheheartofauniversity------itscollections,services,andstudyspacesarecentraltoevery

student'seducationaljourney.Let'stakealookatsomefamousuniversitylibrariesaroundtheworld.

MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary

OxfordUniversityisfamousforitsacademicprograms,butit'salsoknownforitsoutstandinglibrariesthat

aresaidtoincludemorethan11millionbooks.TheOldLibraryatMagdalenCollegeisthecrownjewelofthe

university'slibrarysystem.Itcontainsmorethan20,000rarebooksandmanuscripts.Nearlyallofthesevolumes

werepublishedbefore1800.

TUDelftLibrary

ThelibraryattheDelftUniversityofTechnologywasconstructedin1997,whichhasmorethan862,000books,

16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsownmuseum.Butitwillonlytakeaglancetobeattracted,asitisasightto

remember.Thebuildingitselfexistsbeneaththeground,soyoucan'treallyseetheactuallibrary.Whatmakesit

interestingistheroof,whichisagrassyhill.

TrinityCollegeLibrary

TheTrinityCollegeLibraryinDublinistheoldestlibraryinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI.It

containsmorethan200,000ofthelibrary'soldestbooks.Treasuresofthelibrary\extensivecollectionincludea

rarecopyofthe1916proclamationoftheIrishRepublicandabeautiful15thcenturyharp（豎琴）.

JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary

Openedin2011,theJoeandRikaMansuetoLibraryattheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedwithagrand

glassroof,perfectforstaringoutwhenyouaretired.Thelibrarycanholdaround3.5millionvolumesthroughits

undergroundautomaticstorageandretrievalsystem.Ifyouarenotalreadyimpressed,thelibrarians,roboticcranes,

willknockyoursocksoff.Theycanlocateandbringyouanybookwithinanaveragetimeof3minutes.

1.WhatdoMagdalenCollegeOldLibrary&TrinityCollegeLibraryhaveincommon?

A.Bothhousestringedinstruments.B.Bothfeatureattractivedesigns.

C.Bothboastnumerousancientbooks.D.Bothgainrecognitionascrownjewels.

2.Whichlibrarypossessesitsownmuseum?

A.TUDelftLibrary.B.TrinityCollegeLibrary.

C.MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary.D.JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary.

3.WhatmayimpressyoumostinJoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary?

A.Theglassroof.B.Thevolumeofbooks.

C.Thestoragesystem.D.Theroboticlibrarians.

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了世界上一些著名的大學圖書館。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題MagdalenCollegeOldLibrary下的段落中“Itcontainsmorethan20,000rarebooks

andmanuscripts.Nearlyallofthesevolumeswerepublishedbefore1800.（里面有2萬多本珍本書籍和手稿。

幾乎所有這些卷書都是在1800年以前出版的）”以及小標題TrinityCollegeLibrary下的段落中“The

TrinityCollegeLibraryinDublinistheoldestlibraryinIreland,foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI.It

containsmorethan200,000ofthelibrary'soldestbooks.（都柏林的三一學院圖書館是愛爾蘭最古老的圖書館，

由伊麗莎白女王一世于1592年建立。它收藏了20多萬本圖書館最古老的書籍）”可知，MagdalenCollege

OldLibrary和TrinityCollegeLibrary的共同之處是兩者都擁有大量的古籍。故選C項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題TUDelftLibrary下的段落中“ThelibraryattheDelftUniversityofTechnology

wasconstructedin1997,whichhasmorethan862,000books,16,000magazinesubscriptionsanditsown

museum.（代爾夫特理工大學的圖書館建于1997年，擁有超過86.2萬冊圖書，1.6萬份雜志訂閱和自己的

博物館）”可知，TUDelftLibrary有自己的博物館。故選A項。

3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題JoeandRikaMansuetoLibrary下的段落中“Ifyouarenotalreadyimpressed,the

librarians,roboticcranes,willknockyoursocksoff.Theycanlocateandbringyouanybookwithinanaverage

timeof3minutes.（如果你還沒有印象深刻，圖書管理員，機器人起重機，會讓你大吃一驚。他們可以在平

均3分鐘內(nèi)找到并給你帶來任何一本書）”可知，JoeandRikaMansueto圖書館給你印象最深的是機器人

圖書管理員。故選D項。

B

In1665,JohannesVermeer,oneofthegreatestpaintersinNetherlands,completedhismasterpiece“GirlWith

aPearlEarring."OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedherfitnessapp,and

watchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermeer'smasterpieceoverthestreetsof

Brooklyn.

Ms.Strongcreateswhathascometobeknownas“GPSart“一apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioning

Systemmappingcapabilitiesofmodernphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete'sroute.Ithasgrown

withthewidespreadavailabilityofsatellitetrackingforusebyordinarypeople.Infact,theideahasbeenaround

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sincebeforethepopularityofsmartphonesforfitnesslikeStravareleasedin2009.

In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremyWoodgottheideaforGPSart.Mr.Woodsaid

whilehewasusingaGPStrackeronaflightandtheplaneflewinaholdingpatternaboveHeath-rowAirport,he

wasattractedbythepatternappearingonhisGarminGPSdevice.Inrecentyears,technologyhasadvancedenough

tocreatevisualmapsinrealtimeusingaphoneorsmartwatch.

“Igetboredcyclingonthesamepathinthesamestreets/5Ms.Strongsaid.€4CreatingGPSartgivesmemore

reasonstohitthepavement,whichmakescyclingaloteasier.Ialwayshaveabigsmileonmyfacewhenitworks

outandIuploaditandit'sdone,^^sheadded."It'saverysatisfyingfeeling.^^

Tocompleteherdigitalvisionof“GirlWithaPearlEarring,"shebikedalmost50milesaroundsouthern

Brooklyn,carefullycheckingStravatomakesureeachturn,circle,andstraightlinewasachievingtheshapeof

earringandheadcoveringofVermeer'soriginal.

4.WhatcanweinferaboutJanineStronginparagraph1?

A.Shetestsafitnessapp.B.Sheisaninnovativecyclist.

C.Shelikespearlearrings.D.Sheisapainterofsomenote.

5.WhatinformationcanwegetaboutGPSart?

A.Itisrarelyusedbycommonpeople.B.Itaroseafterthepopularityoffitnessapps.

C.Itisbasedonapps'GPSmappingfunctions.D.Itisapracticeofcreatingrealisticdrawings.

6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.TheoriginofGPSart.B.TheprospectofGPSart.

C.ThefunctionofaGPStracker.D.TheadvancementofaGPSdevice.

7.WhowillbemostlikelytocreateGPSart?

A.Paintinglovers.B.Mobilegameplayers.

C.Softwaredevelopers.D.Runningenthusiasts.

【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了JanineStrong創(chuàng)作GPS藝術(shù)，她用自己的運動軌跡繪制出了

一幅名畫的形狀。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“OnanAprilday357yearslater,JanineStrongslowedherbiketostop,pausedher

fitnessapp,andwatchedasthesnakinglineofhercyclingroutedrewtheshapeofVermeer'smasterpieceoverthe

streetsofBrooklyn.(357年后的一個4月，JanineStrong放慢自行車的速度停下來，暫停了健身應(yīng)用程序，

看著她騎自行車時蜿蜒的路線在布魯克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer這幅杰作的形狀）”可知，JanineStrong

用自己的運動軌跡繪制出了一幅名畫的形狀，由此可推測她是一個有創(chuàng)新精神的自行車手。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ms.Strongcreateswhathascometobeknownas4GPSart，一apracticethatuses

theGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesofmodemphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithan

athlete'sroute.（Strong女士創(chuàng)作了所謂的‘GPS藝術(shù)'——利用現(xiàn)代手機應(yīng)用程序的全球定位系統(tǒng)繪圖功

能，以數(shù)字方式繪制運動員的路線）”可知，“GPS藝術(shù)”是基于應(yīng)用程序上GPS的繪圖功能。故選C。

【6題詳解】

段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合本段中“In2003,TheNewYorkTimesMagazinetoldofhowJeremy

WoodgottheideaforGPSart.（2003年，《紐約時報》雜志講述了JeremyWood是如何獲得GPS藝術(shù)的靈感

的）”可知，本段是講述GPS藝術(shù)的起源。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。結(jié)合第二段中“apracticethatusestheGlobalPositioningSystemmappingcapabilitiesof

modernphoneappstocreatedigitaldrawingswithanathlete'sroute（利用現(xiàn)代手機應(yīng)用程序的全球定位系統(tǒng)的

繪圖功能，以數(shù)字方式繪制運動員的路線）”可知，GPS藝術(shù)是跑步者利用應(yīng)用程序記錄跑步路線的功能

來精心設(shè)計自己的運動軌跡，從而繪制出想要的圖案，故跑步愛好者最有可能創(chuàng)造GPS藝術(shù)。故選D。

C

Peoplearelookingtomakemeaningaftertheglobalpandemic.Andonewaythatsomeofusdothisistocredit

coincidences-theunexpectedconcurrence（同時發(fā)生）ofevents—withhelpingtofindjobs,friendsandspouses,

makesignificantcareerdecisionsandrelievepains.Scholarsdisagreeonthecauseofcoincidences.Somesaythey

arerandomandduetoprobability.OthersseeGodorspiritualforcesatwork.Stillotherssayifsoursubconscious

makingconnections.Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattentiontothesemoments

mayhelpus,especiallyintimesofstress.

Studiesshowthatnoticingcoincidencesmayhelpboostboththeeffectivenessofpsychotherapyandmental

well-being.MichaelSchauch,42,aninvestment-portfoliomanagerinSquamish,BritishColumbia,whoisanavid

mountaineer,losthisbestfriendBrentlastyear.Afewmonthslater,Mr.SchauchclimbedamountainheandBrent

oftenscaledtogether.Atthesummit,Mr.Schauchfoundhundredsofladybugs.Whenheclimbedadifferent

mountainontheanniversaryofBrent'sdeath,hesawaladybugashestartedupeachnewsectionoftherockface.

“IknewatoncethatitwasBrent,andthathewasstilltherewithme,asiftosay:'You'vegotthis,Mike.Keep

going!'"hesays.

Coincidencescanmaketheworldfeellikeitmakesgoodsense,saysDavidB.Yaden,anassistantprofessorat

06/22

theJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchool.Varietiesofspiritualexperiencesshowacorrelation（關(guān)聯(lián)）between

coincidencesandanincreaseinpositiveemotions,betterpersonalrelationshipsandagreatersenseofmeaningin

life.

Coincidencesaremorelikelytohappentocertainpeople."Peoplewhoaretroubledbydistressandsearching

forsignsaremorelikelytoexperiencecoincidences,9,saysBernardBeitman,apsychiatristandacoincidence

researcher.Ifyou'dliketoenhanceyourabilitytonoticecoincidences,thereareseveralstrategies,saysLisaMiller,

aclinicalpsychologist:Beopentothem.Writethemdown.Talkaboutthemwithothers.uWereallyneedthisdeep

innerwisdom.^^shesays.

8.Whatcanwelearnaboutcoincidencesfromparagraph1?

A.Theyhappenasexpected.B.Theyprovideguidanceorrelief.

C.Theyactivatesubconsciousmind.D.Theycontributetoinvisibleforces.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionMichaelSchalch'sstory?

A.Toclarifythecauseofcoincidences.

B.Toofferamethodofcopingwithgrief.

C.Toshowthecomfortingeffectofcoincidences.

D.Topresentasolidfriendshipbetweentwoclimbers.

10.Whatcanweinterfromthelastparagraph?

A.Luckypeopletendtobesurprisedbycoincidences.

B.Wisdomistothesoulwhatmentalhealthistothebody.

C.Coincidencesmeanmoretoourdailylivesthanthesurface.

D.Themorewecultivatecoincidences,themorelikelytheyhappen.

11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Themeaningfulmomentsinlife.B.Thehiddenpowerofcoincidences.

C.Thevariousopinionsoncoincidences.D.Thestrategiesfornoticingcoincidences.

【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了“巧合”這一心理學概念，一起研究認為其對人們和世界起到的巨大作

用。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattention

tothesemomentsmayhelpus,especiallyintimesofstress.（不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都說，關(guān)注這些

時刻可能會幫助我們，特別是在壓力時期。）”可知，關(guān)注這些巧合的事情，可能對人們有所幫助，尤其當

人們面臨壓力的時候，可推測這些巧合可能給人們提供指導或者寬慰。故選B項。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句"WhenheclimbedadifferentmountainontheanniversaryofBrent?sdeath,

hesawaladybugashestartedupeachnewsectionoftherockface.44IknewatoncethatitwasBrent,andthathe

wasstilltherewithme,asiftosay:"You'vegotthis,Mike.Keepgoing!'"hesays.（當他在布倫特忌日爬上一座

不同的山時丁每開啟一塊新的巖石表面，他都看到一只瓢蟲。他說：“我一下子就知道是布倫特，他還在

那里陪著我，好像在說：'你有這個，邁克。繼續(xù)！'"。）”可知，爬山時看到和朋友布倫特之前一起看

到過的瓢蟲，麥可爾?沙爾奇覺得自己的朋友一直沒有離開，還陪在自己身邊，這緩解了他的悲傷情緒，因

此可推測本文介紹他的故事，是為了呈現(xiàn)這種巧合帶來的寬慰人的作用。故選C項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“"Peoplewhoaretroubledbydistressandsearchingforsignsaremorelikely

toexperiencecoincidences,nsaysBernardBeitman,apsychiatristandacoincidenceresearcher.（精神病學家和巧

合研究者貝瑪?shù)?拜特曼說：“那些被痛苦困擾并尋找痛苦征兆的人更有可能經(jīng)歷巧合?！埃笨芍?，專家

舉例表明，痛苦的人越想找到痛苦的征兆，他就越有可能體驗這種巧合，即經(jīng)歷類似的痛苦，故從最后一

段可以推測出的是人們越是去培養(yǎng)巧合，這種巧合越可能出現(xiàn)。故選D項。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第——段最后——句"Nomatterthecause,peoplewhostudycoincidencessaythatpayingattention

tothesemomentsmayhelpus,especiallyintimesofslress.（不管是什么原因，研究巧合的人都說，關(guān)注這些

時刻可能會幫助我們，特別是在壓力時期。）”；第二段第一句uStudiesshowthatnoticingcoincidencesmay

helpboostboththeeffectivenessofpsychotherapyandmentalwell-being.（研究表明，注意巧合可能有助于提高

心理治療的有效性和心理健康。）”以及第三段第一句uCoincidencescanmaketheworldfeellikeitmakes

goodsense,saysDavidB.Yaden,anassistantprofessorattheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchool.（約翰?霍普金斯

大學學院助理教授大衛(wèi),B?亞登說，巧合會讓世界覺得這很有意義。）”可知，本文各段主要講述了“巧合”

對人們和世界的作用，即“巧合”隱藏著巨大的力量。故選B項。

D

Afteraday'slabor,AndreasFichtnerandhiscolleagueshavespliced（絞接）togetherthreesegmentsoffibers,

creatinga12.5-kilometer-longfiber-optic（光學的）cable.Itwillstayburiedinthesnowtospyontheactivityof

Grfmsvotn,adangerous,glacier-coveredvolcano.

Fichtner,ageophysicistattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,inZurich,isoneoftheresearchersusing

fiberopticstotakethepulseofourplanet.Muchoftheirworkisdoneinremoteplaces,fromthetopsofvolcanoes

08/22

tothebottomsofseas,wheretraditionalmonitoringistoocostlyordifficult.

ThetechniqueusedbyFichtner'steamiscalleddistributedacousticsensing,orDAS."It'salmostlikeradarin

thefiber,“saysthephysicistGiuseppeMarraoftheUnitedKingdom'sNationalPhysicalLaboratory,inTeddington.

Whileradarusesreflectedradiowavestolocateobjects,DASusesreflectedlighttodetecteventsasvariedas

earthquakeactivityandmovingtraffic,andtodeterminewheretheyoccuned.Insidethecablesareopticalfibers.

DASinvolvesshootingquickpulsesoflaserlightdownthefiberanddetectingbitsoflightthatscatterbacktothe

lasersourceduetodisturbancesintheenvironment.Whentheearth'ssurfacevibratesandshifts,itpullsthecables,

soadetectorcanidentifythesesmallchanges.

TheNewYorkTimespointsoutthatalthoughwirelessandsatellitetechnologyarebooming,goodold-

fashionedcablesarestillthemostefficientwaytosendinformationacrossoceans.Repurposingcablescouldgive

scientiststheabilitytomonitorhigh-riskzonesthatwerepreviouslyhardtoreach.Theycouldhelpdetect

earthquakesandtsunamisafewsecondsearlierthantraditionalwarningsystems.

Inaddition,fiber-opticcablescouldalsohelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengesforhumans.Intherecent

years,scientistshavestartedtousethemtomeasureoceanwavesandaccessfault（斷層）information.Itisbelieved

thatfiber-opticcableswillservetobenefitusgreatlyinthefuture.

12.WhatisthepurposeoftheworkofFichtner'steam?

A.Totrackvolcanicactivities.B.Tostrikeoilunderthesea.

C.Tolengthenfiber-opticcables.D.Tokeepfiberscoveredinthesnow.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetechniqueofDAS?

A.Itdetermineswhenandwheredisastersoccurs.

B.Itusesradiowavestolocatemovingobjects.

C.Itimprovestheefficiencyoftransmittinglight.

D.Itdetectstinyvariationoftheearth'ssurface.

14Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"Repurposingcables^^probablymean?

A.Recyclingcablesinnewfields.B.Adaptingcablesforanewfunction.

C.Installingcablesbeneathvolcanoes.D.Promotingcablesintomassiveproduction.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DASIsFeelingtheHeartbeatofVolcanoes

B.SatelliteTechnologyIsBoominginOurTimes

C.UndergroundCablesAreTakingthePlanefsPulse

D.Fiber-opticCablesAreGivingUsInsightsintoEarthquakes

【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要講的是地下電纜正在測量地球的脈搏以及光纖電纜在將來會給我們帶來很

大的好處。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段uAfteraday'slabor,AndreasFichtnerandhiscolleagueshavespliced（絞接）together

threesegmentsoffibers,creatinga12.5-kilometer-longfiber-optic（光學）cable.Ilwillstayburiedinthesnow

tospyontheactivityofGrfmsvotn,adangerous,glacier-coveredvolcano."（經(jīng)過一天的勞動，AndreasFichtner

和他的同事們將三段纖維拼接在一起，形成了一根12.5公里長的光纖電纜。它將被埋在雪中，監(jiān)視

Grfmsvotn火山的活動，這是一座危險的冰川覆蓋的火山。）可知，F(xiàn)ichtner團隊工作的目的是追蹤火山活

動。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“DASinvolvesshootingquickpulsesoflaserlightdownthefiberanddetecting

bitsoflightthatscatterbacktothelasersourceduetodisturbancesintheenvironment.Whentheearth'ssurface

vibratesandshifts,itpullsthecables,soadetectorcanidentifythesesmallchanges.（DAS包括沿光纖發(fā)射

快速激光脈沖，并檢測由于環(huán)境干擾而散射回激光源的光位。當?shù)厍虮砻嬲駝雍鸵苿訒r，它會拉動電

纜，所以探測器可以識別這些微小的變化。）可知，我們可以從DAS技術(shù)中了解到它能探測到地球表面

的微小變化。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheNewYorkTimespointsoutthatalthoughwirelessandsatellitetechnology

arebooming,goodold-fashionedcablesarestillthemostefficientwaytosendinformationacrossoceans."

（《紐約時報》指出，盡管無線和衛(wèi)星技術(shù)正在蓬勃發(fā)展，但老式的電纜仍然是跨越海洋發(fā)送信息的最有

效方式。）提出老式的電纜仍然是跨越海洋發(fā)送信息的最有效方式，以及劃線單詞句中的“…couldgive

scientiststheabilitytomonitorhigh-riskzonesthatwerepreviouslyhardtoreach."（可以使科學家能夠監(jiān)測

以前難以到達的高風險地區(qū)。）可猜測，劃線單詞Repurposingcables為“重新調(diào)整電纜用途”，結(jié)合選項

B項Adaptingcablesforanewfunction"為新功能改造電纜”意思一致。故選B項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段“Fichtner,ageophysicistattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,

inZurich,isoneofIheresearchersusingfiberopticstotakethepulseofourplanet.Muchoftheirworkisdonein

remoteplaces,fromthetopsofvolcanoestothebottomsofseas,wheretraditionalmonitoringistoocostlyor

difficult.w（Fichtner是蘇黎世瑞士聯(lián)邦理工學院的地球物理學家，他是使用光纖測量地球脈動的研究人

10/22

員之一。他們的大部分工作是在偏遠的地方完成的，從火山頂部到海底，傳統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測太昂貴或太困難。）

和最后一段"Inaddition,fiber-opticcablescouldalsohelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengesforhumans.In

therecentyears,scientistshavestartedtousethemtomeasureoceanwavesandaccessfaultinformation.Itis

believedthatfiber-opticcableswillservelobenefitusgreatlyinthefuture.M（此外，光纖電纜還可以幫助解

決人類面臨的一些最大挑戰(zhàn)。近年來，科學家們已經(jīng)開始使用它們來測量海浪和獲取故障信息。人們相

信光纖電纜在將來會給我們帶來很大的好處。）可知，文章主要講的是地下電纜正在測量地球的脈搏以及

光纖電纜在將來會給我們帶來很大的好處。故文章最好的標題是“地下電纜正在測量地球的脈搏”。故

選C項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Thechickenortheegg——whichcamefirst?It'sprobablyoneofthemostcommonlycitedparadoxes（'悖論）一

achickenhatchesfromanegg,sotheeggcamefirst,right?Butthenwhatlaidtheegg?16That'sexactly

whataparadoxis—aproblemthatseeminglyhasnodefinitivesolutionandcan'tbelogicallysolved.

17Howcanworkbeflexiblebutmaintainstructure?Howcanweswitchoffifwe'reworkingfrom

home?Twocontrastingideascouldcausepeoplestress,butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandchangetheway

welookatit?18

Aparadoxconsistsoftwoseeminglyimpossiblerealitiesthatexistatthesametime.19Forexample,

holdingontochangemayleadtoburn-out,whilemaintainingstabilitymayleadtoboredom.Someexpertshave

foundtheacceptanceofbothrealitiesandawillingnesstoacceptthemcanimprovebothcreativityandproductivity

byallowingyoutofindapaththroughthecontradictions.

A1996studyofgeniusesbyAlbertRothenbergfoundthatthosethinkersspenttimeconsideringoppositesand

antitheses.ConsiderEinstein.Thetheoryofrelativitywasbornoutoftheparadoxthatsomethingcouldbemoving

andstationaryatthesametime,dependingonperspective.

So,havinga"paradoxmindset“andacceptingthebiggerpicturemayhelpyoutobetterunderstandproblems.

20Asaresult,itmayleadyoutoimprovingyourproductivityandcreativity.IfitworkedforEinstein,

maybeitcouldbegoodforyoutoo!

A.Thetwoideasseemcontradictory.

B.Thetwoquestionsremainunanswered.

C.Thisiswhatsomeexpertscallthe“paradoxmindset”.

D.Itcouldalsomakeyouhappierknowingthatcontradictionsexist.

E.Paradoxesareapparentlyridiculousorself-contradictorystatements.

F.Paradoxesdon'tjustexistinphilosophicaldebatesbutalsoinourdailylives.

G.Ifyouembraceoneofthoserealitiesandignoretheother,itcancauseproblems.

【答案】16.A17.F18.C19.G20.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了悖論的定義，以及接受“矛盾心態(tài)”可能會給你帶來一些好處。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thechickenortheegg——whichcamefirst?It'sprobablyoneofthemostcommonlycitedparadoxes

——achickenhatchesfromanegg,sotheeggcamefirst,right?Butthenwhatlaidtheegg?"（先有雞還是先有

蛋？這可能是最常被引用的悖論之-----雞是從蛋里孵出來的，所以先有蛋，對吧？那么是什么下了蛋

呢？）提出一種悖論的事實，結(jié)合常識可知，這兩種觀點相互矛盾。下文“That'sexactlywhataparadox

is—aproblemthatseeminglyhasnodefinitivesolutionandcan'tbelogicallysolved."（這正是悖論的含義一

一—個似乎沒有確定的解決方案，也不能用邏輯解決的問題。）可推知，空格處內(nèi)容為這兩種觀點的評

價。結(jié)合選項A項“Thetwoideasseemcontradictory."（這兩種觀點似乎相互矛盾。）符合此推斷，上下文

語意連貫，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選A項。

【17題詳解】

由該空格處位于段落句首可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容或與下文內(nèi)容相關(guān)。該段下文“Howcanworkbeflexible

butmaintainstructure?Howcanweswitchoffifwe'reworkingfromhome?Twocontrastingideascouldcause

peoplestress,butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandchangethewaywelookalit?"（怎樣才能工作靈活

而又保持結(jié)構(gòu)？如果我們在家工作，我們怎么能關(guān)機呢？兩種截然不同的觀點可能會給人帶來壓力，但

如果我們接受這種矛盾并改變我們看待它的方式呢？）可知，講的是悖論存在于生活中的案列。結(jié)合選

項F項“Paradoxesdon'tjustexistinphilosophicaldebatesbutalsoinourdailylives.n（悖論不僅存在于哲學

辯論中，也存在于我們的日常生活中。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選F項。

【【8題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Howcanweswitchoffifwe'reworkingfromhome?Twocontrastingideascouldcausepeople

stress,butwhatifweacceptthecontradictionandc