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大同市云岡區(qū)中學20232024學年高一上學期期中英語試題注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、準考證號和班級填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.全部答案在答題卡上完成,答在本試題上無效。3.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號?;卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案用的黑色筆跡簽字筆寫在答題卡上。4.考試結束后,將本試題和答題卡一并交回。一、閱讀理解(每小題3分,共42分)PasangLhamuSherpaAkitaisanelite(精英)climberandhasclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori(thesecondhighestmountintheworld).In2016,shewaschosenasNationalGeographic’sAdventureroftheYear.Sincethebirthofherson,herclimbinghastakenabackseat,butshewouldliketosetouttoinspirehim.Pasangisaskilledclimber,havingclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori.Buttogetthereshehadtoovereunbelievableadversity,asinSherpacultureclimbingisseenasamaleactivity.Peoplewouldsaysheshouldn’tbewithmenandclimbthatrock.Thenwhenshehadherfirstchild,EichanNurbu,shefacedfreshchallengesbecauseshewasexpectedtostayathomeandlookafterhimasthiswasviewedasthemother’sresponsibility.It’sdifficultforhertobalance(平衡)thiswiththeclimbing.ButPasangsaidthatshewantedtoinspirehersonandshowhimthatheshouldfollowhisdreams,soonhissecondbirthday,November14,2019,sheclimbedCholatse—a6,440meterhighmountainintheQomolangmaregion.Pasangsaid,“Ilearnedsomanythingsfrommymother.Shewassingle.Sheraisedtwokidsbyherself.Sheneverwenttoschool.Fromher,Isawhowawomancanbestrong.Ihavebigrespectforallthemothers,becausethemothersareverystrong.They’realwaystherefortheirchildren.Theysacrifice(犧牲)theirdreamsforchildren.Everybodyshouldhavetheirdreams.Now,I’mamother,butI’mstillhavingmydreams.Everybodyhasarighttorealizetheirdreams.Mostimportantly,Iwanttoinspiremysontofollowhisdreams.”1.WhydidPasangdecidetostartanotherclimbin2019?A.Tofindaneliteclimber.B.Tomakealivingbyclimbing.C.Toshareexperiencewithothers.D.Tobeanencouragementtoherson.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adversity”inparagraph2mean?A.Difficulty. B.Forgetfulness. C.Help. D.Curiosity.3.WhatwasPasang’snewchallengeafterherfirstchild’sbirth?A.Learningtolookafterhersonathome.B.Balancinghernewrolewithherdream.C.Facingpetitionwithmeninclimbing.D.petingwithothersintheQomolangmaregion.4.WhatdoesPasang’sstorymainlytellus?A.Thereisnoendtolife.B.Mumisthebestintheworld.C.Everyoneshouldsticktohisorherdream.D.It’simportanttosacrificedreamsforchildren.【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。帕桑拉木克服世俗看法,成為精英攀巖者,并在生育孩子之后仍然堅持自己夢想,以此激勵自己的孩子以及世人:每個人都有實現夢想的權利,都應該堅持自己的夢想?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段最后一句“ButPasangsaidthatshewantedtoinspirehersonandshowhimthatheshouldfollowhisdreams,soonhissecondbirthday,November14,2019,sheclimbedCholatse—a6,440meterhighmountainintheQomolangmaregion.(但帕桑說,她想激勵兒子,告訴他應該追隨自己的夢想,所以在兒子兩歲生日那天,也就是2019年11月14日,她爬上了珠穆朗瑪峰地區(qū)6440米高的Cholatse山。)”可知,為了鼓勵兒子追逐夢想,帕桑決定在2019年開始另一次攀登。故選D項?!?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段第一、二句“Pasangisaskilledclimber,havingclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori.Buttogetthereshehadtoovereunbelievableadversity,asinSherpacultureclimbingisseenedasamaleactivity(帕桑是一名熟練的登山者,曾攀登過珠穆朗瑪峰和喬哥里山。但為了到達那里,她必須克服難以置信的adversity,因為在夏爾巴人的文化中,攀巖被視為男性的活動)”可知,帕桑作為一名女性登山者,要克服世俗的影響,所以她面對著很大的困難。adversity意為“困難”,與Difficulty意思相近。故選A項?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段前兩句“Thenwhenshehadherfirstchild,EichanNurbu,shefacedfreshchallengesbecauseshewasexpectedtostayathomeandlookafterhimasthiswasviewedasthemother’sresponsibility.It’sdifficultforhertobalance(平衡)thiswiththeclimbing.(當她有了第一個孩子EichanNurbu時,她面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn),因為她被要求呆在家里照顧孩子,因為這被視為母親的責任。對她來說,在攀巖和這之間保持平衡是很困難的。)”可知,帕桑在第一個孩子出生之后面臨的新的挑戰(zhàn)是平衡她的新角色和她的夢想。故選B項。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后四句“Everybodyshouldhavetheirdreams.Now,I’mamother,butI’mstillhavingmydreams.Everybodyhasarighttorealizetheirdreams.Mostimportantly,Iwanttoinspiremysontofollowhisdreams.(每個人都應該有自己的夢想?,F在,我是一個母親,但我仍然有我的夢想。每個人都有實現夢想的權利。最重要的是,我想激勵我的兒子去追逐他的夢想。)”可知,帕桑的故事主要告訴了我們每個人都應該堅持自己的夢想。故選C項。Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavebeenfascinatedbydolphins.Dolphinshavedevelopedanumberofsimilarpersonalityqualitiestohumans’,suchascuriosityandsociability,despitehavingdevelopedinvastlydifferentenvironments,researchershavefound.Recently,aBritishresearchteamfinishedaneightyearstudyofIndoPacificdolphinsoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Thesedolphinscanusedifferenttoolstosearchforfood.Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtowalkwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.Otherparts,likefamilyclosenessorsex,havenoimpactonthisrelationship.“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialrelationshipbasedonsharedinterests,”UKbiologistSimonsaid.Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.Arefriendshipsonlylimitedtothesamespecies?Ofcoursenot.In2015,agoatTimurwasoriginallyleftinthetigerAmur’senclosure(圍場)asameal.ButinsteadofeatingTimur,AmurlikestoplaywithTimur.Scientistssaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirkingdomorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’slovetoengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingdolphin’scharacters?A.Dolphinsprefertohuntforfoodingroups.B.Dolphinstendtomakefriendslikehumans.C.Dolphinsaremorecuriousthanhumanbeings.D.Dolphinsmakefriendsbasedonfamilycloseness.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Showingcaptiveanimalsarefriendlierthanothers.B.Explainingwhycaptiveanimalscanformfriendship.C.Describinghowdifferentanimalsgetalongwithoneanother.D.paringdifferencesbetweenagoatandatiger’sfriendship.【答案】5.B6.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究成果——動物之間也會根據相同的愛好交朋友。5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Dolphinshavedevelopedanumberofsimilarpersonalityqualitiestohumans’,suchascuriosityandsociability,(海豚已經養(yǎng)成了許多與人類相似的性格特征,如好奇心和社交能力)”以及“Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtowalkwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.(研究人員發(fā)現,這些海豚更愿意與喜歡相同工具的伙伴一起散步)”可推知,通過介紹海豚的特征,作者想要展示海豚傾向于像人類一樣交朋友。故選B項。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirkingdomorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’slovetoengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.(這是因為在圈養(yǎng)環(huán)境中,動物不需要像在野外那樣花費太多時間和精力來標記自己的王國或尋找配偶。實際上,它們更容易感到無聊。在這種特殊情況下,動物對社交和娛樂的喜愛程度可能高于進食)”可知,本段主要解釋了圈養(yǎng)動物可以形成友誼的原因。故選B項。Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef.Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral(珊瑚).Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonlyonepercentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine(海洋的)lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefs(暗礁)havemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Thisstatistic(數據)isdepressingsoit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsapleteecosystemhasledmetotakeaction.I’vebeeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobepartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.7.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1?A.Heseldomwentsailingatthesea.B.Heforgothisexperiencesabouttheocean.C.Heneverwentbacktohishometown.D.HehadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay.8.WhatisAustralianmarinelifelikeaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.ItisescapingfromtheCoralSeagradually.B.Itdependsonreefsforlivinggreatly.C.Itmaybefacedwithdanger.D.Itisprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans.9.WhatistheaimoftheProtectOurCoralSeaactivity?A.Tocontributetoapleteecosystem.B.Topreventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangered.C.Tosetupalargenaturereserveforreefs.D.Toraisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness.10.WhydoAngusandtheauthorcreatealittlevideo?A.Toaskmorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespecies.B.Toinspiremorepeopletostudythesecretoftheocean.C.Tosharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean.D.Tobringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies.【答案】7.D8.C9.B10.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在澳大利亞長大,喜歡海洋的美麗和眾多的海洋生物。當得知澳大利亞海洋生物面臨危險時,作者采取行動,參與了“保護珊瑚海”活動,并號召更多人保護海洋物種。

【7題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Idon'tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn'tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.(我想在我的記憶中,沒有哪一段時間我沒有意識到海洋的美麗。我在澳大利亞長大,幸運的是有大海在我身邊。)”可知,作者一直都覺得海洋很美麗,在澳大利亞長大,很幸運身邊有大海。結合下文內容中,作者描述了澳大利亞美麗的海洋和動植物,由此推知作者到達HalfMoonBay后感受到了它的美,對HalfMoonBay有美好的印象。故選D。

【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia'sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.(當我得知澳大利亞只有百分之一的珊瑚海受到保護時,我很震驚。)”和“Butsadly,only45%oftheworld'sreefsareconsideredhealthy.(但可悲的是,世界上只有45%的珊瑚礁被認為是健康的。)”可知,作者很震驚澳大利亞只有1%的珊瑚海受到保護,得知世界上只有45%的珊瑚礁被認為是健康的,作者感到難過。由此推知澳大利亞海洋生物可能面臨危險。故選C。

【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“I’vebeeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean'sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.(我參與了“保護我們的珊瑚?!被顒?,該活動旨在創(chuàng)建世界上最大的海洋公園。它將成為海洋物種永遠安全的地方。)”可知,該活動旨在創(chuàng)建世界上最大的海洋公園,使之成為海洋物種永遠安全的地方,防止更多海洋物種瀕臨滅絕。故選B。

【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobepartofthemovement.(Angus和我一起制作了一個小視頻,我們希望它能激勵人們成為這個活動的一部分。)”可知,作者和Angus制作了一個小視頻,希望它能激勵人們成為“保護珊瑚?!被顒拥囊徊糠?,敦促更多的人采取行動來保護海洋物種,防止更多海洋物種瀕臨滅絕。故選A。

Whatyoudoafterstudyingcouldhaveabigeffectonhowwellyoulearnandremember.TodayonEducationTips,wewillexploretwonocostwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning:wakefulrestandsleep.Whenmanystudentsfinishstudying,theyoftengostraighttoanotheractivity.Perhapstheylookattheirphoneorputer.Theymightevenplayavideogameorwatchtelevision.Butresearchsuggeststhatrestingafteryourstudymayhelpyourememberwhatyouhavestudied.Thebasicideaisthis:bystoppingyouractivityafterthestudy,yourbraingetsachancetorest.Restingisdifficultwhenyouareplayingputergames.Whilethismightsoundunusualtoyou,manystudieshaveexploredthebenefitsofrestingafterlearning—whatiscalled“wakefulrest”.A2019studyfoundthatbothyoungandolderadultswereabletobetterrememberinformationtheylearnedafterdoingwakefulrest.Ifyouwanttogive“wakefulrest”atry,hereareafewsimplethingstodo.Restquietlyforfivetotenminutes.Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Itisreallythateasy!Besideswakefulrest,sleepisalsoimportantforlearning.TheDivisionofSleepMedicineatHarvardMedicalSchool(HMS)notesthatsleephelpspeopletolearnintwoways.Areportontheschool’swebsiteexplainsthat“asleepdeprivedpersoncannotfocusattentionwellandthereforecannotlearnwell”.Italsosays,“Sleepitselfhelpsustomemorizeandthatmemorizingisveryimportantforlearningnewinformation.”TheNationalSleepFoundation(NSF)suggeststhatadultsbetweentheagesof20and64getbetween7and9hoursofsleepperday.Teenagersmayneedalittlebitmore,andpeopleovertheageof65mayneedalittleless.Trytogetsome“wakefulrest”afterastudy.Thentrytogetagoodnight’ssleep.That’sit—asimple,nocostwaytohelpyourememberwhatyoulearn.11.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofsleep. B.Thegoodwaystogetarest.C.Thereasonforhavingarest. D.Thetypesofrestingactivities.12Whichactivitymightberemendedshortlyafterstudying?A.Readinganewspaper. B.Playingavideogame.C.Sittingtheredoingnothing. D.Havinganicesleepatnight.13.HowlongshouldteenagerssleepeachdayaccordingtoNSF?A.Lessthan7hours. B.Just7hours.C.Nomorethan9hours. D.Around9hours.14.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LowcostTipsonWorking B.GoodThingstoDoAfterYourStudyC.WhyDoWeNeedtoHaveaGoodSleep? D.HowLongShouldWeRestAfterLearning?【答案】11.C12.C13.D14.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“清醒式休息”的休息方式,指在學習后停止活動,讓大腦有機會休息,從而能更好地記住所學信息。介紹了這一休息方式的操作方式,除了清醒式休息,睡眠對學習也很重要,介紹了睡眠對人們的影響和成年人合適的睡眠時間?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段“Thebasicideaisthis:bystoppingyouractivityafterthestudy,yourbraingetsachancetorest.Restingisdifficultwhenyouareplayingputergames.”(其基本思想是:在學習結束后停止活動,你的大腦就有機會休息。當你玩電腦游戲時,休息就很困難)可知,第三段的主要內容是休息的原因。故選C項?!?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第六段“Ifyouwanttogive‘wakefulrest’atry,hereareafewsimplethingstodo.Restquietlyforfivetotenminutes.Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Itisreallythateasy!”(如果你想嘗試一下“清醒式休息”,這里有一些簡單的事情可以做。安靜地休息五到十分鐘。不要看你的,讀故事或玩游戲。真的很簡單!)可知,C選項“Sittingtheredoingnothing.(坐在那里什么也不做)”屬于“清醒式休息”,這一活動在學習后可能會被推薦。故選C項?!?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“TheNationalSleepFoundation(NSF)suggeststhatadultsbetweentheagesof20and64getbetween7and9hoursofsleepperday.Teenagersmayneedalittlebitmore,andpeopleovertheageof65mayneedalittleless.”(國家睡眠基金會建議20到64歲的成年人每天要睡7到9個小時。青少年可能需要多一點,65歲以上的人可能需要少一點)可知,根據國家睡眠基金會的說法,青少年每天的睡眠時間應稍微多于成人的7—9小時,所以9小時左右是青少年合理睡眠時間。故選D項?!?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Whatyoudoafterstudyingcouldhaveabigeffectonhowwellyoulearnandremember.TodayonEducationTips,wewillexploretwonocostwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning:wakefulrestandsleep.”(學習后做什么對你的學習和記憶有很大的影響。在今天的教育小貼士中,我們將探索兩種免費的方法來幫助你提高你的學習:清醒式休息和睡眠),結合文章主要介紹了一種名為“清醒式休息”的休息方式,指在學習后停止活動,讓大腦有機會休息,從而能更好地記住所學信息。除了清醒式休息,睡眠對學習也很重要,介紹了睡眠對人們的影響和各年齡段人合適的睡眠時間。由此可知,B選項“GoodThingstoDoAfterYourStudy(學習后要做的事情)”是對文章內容最好的概括。故選B項。二、七選五(每小題2分,共10分)Lifeisaconstant(不斷的)exerciseinselfimprovement.Intherushtoachieve,theideaofbeing“better”canbeelostsometimes.____15____.Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.____16____.Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.Soit’softennecessarytobepatientandtrymanythingsbeforeyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Registerinaclassyou’reinterestedin.Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.____17____.Determiningwhoyouenjoybeingaroundmayhelpyouknowwhatyou’llenjoy.Dowhatyoulove.Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyoumake,youwillnotbehappyifyouspendyourentirelifedoingsomethingyouhate.It’simportanttoatleastdevotesomeofyourtimetowhatmakesyouhappy.____18____,considerwhy.It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.Experiencesomethingnew.Researchhasshownthatwhenwe’reinourfortzone(舒適區(qū)),wearen’tasproductiveaswearewhenwestepjustbeyondit.Humanadaptsveryquicklytopositiveevents.Becauseofthat,wemayreactslowlytoourownpositiveexperiences.It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.____19____.A.ExploreyourtalentsB.DoingsocanhelpyouachievemoreC.Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjobD.YoumayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourselfE.ButsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbeF.SimilartypesofpeoplemaybeattractedtothesameactivitiessingG.Trynottoallowyourselftofocussomuchonacertainaspectofyourlife【答案】15.D16.A17.E18.C19.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹持續(xù)自我提升的一些辦法?!?5題詳解】空后說“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.(你想用更簡單的方式實現你的夢想。這里有一些給你的建議。)”,D選項“Youmayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourself(你可能總是想知道如何提高自己)”和空后的“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreams”相呼應,并引出后文的建議,點明了這些建議是重要的,因此D選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選D?!?6題詳解】空格處是小標題,根據后文“Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.(每個人都有一些突出的技能或興趣。)”可知,本段主要介紹探索個人天賦的過程。A選項“Exploreyourtalents(探索你的才能)”概括了空格下方兩段的內容,因此可作為這部分的小標題,故選A?!?7題詳解】根據前文“Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.(例如,喜歡冒險的人可能對安靜的國際象棋俱樂部不感興趣。)”可知,那些喜歡探險的人可能對安靜的棋類俱樂部不感興趣,但是那些喜歡安靜活動的人可能就喜歡,E選項“Butsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbe(但喜歡其他安靜活動的人可能會)”說明了喜歡安靜活動的人可能就會喜歡國際象棋,因此E選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選E?!?8題詳解】空后說“It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.(有些變化可能會改變你的感覺。如果你覺得你的工作沒有意義,或者不符合你的價值觀,考慮換一份工作。)”,說明你可能不喜歡你的工作,C選項“Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjob(如果你對工作特別不滿意)”說明了你不喜歡工作,和后文的“feelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues(覺得你的工作沒有意義,或者不符合你的價值觀)”相一致,因此C選項承上啟下,符合語境,故選C?!?9題詳解】空前說“It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.(擁有新的經歷和與他人的互動是很重要的,即使這些事情有點可怕。)”,B選項“Doingsocanhelpyouachievemore(這樣做可以幫助你獲得更多)”說明了擁有新的經歷和與他人的互動的好處,因此B選項承接上文,符合語境,故選B。三、完形填空(每小題1分,共20分)OnaFriday____20____,apooryoungartiststoodatthegateofthesubwaystation,playinghisviolin.Themusicwas____21____,andmanypeople____22____andputsomemoneyintothe____23____oftheyoungman.Thenextnight,theyoungartisttookoutalargepieceof____24____andlaiditontheground.Thenhebegan____25____.Themusicsoundedmorepleasant.Somepeoplegatheredandtheyfoundthe____26____onthatpaper.“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)____27____thingintomyhat.Pleaseetogetitback.”Whenthepeoplesawthat,theyfeltverycuriousandbeganto____28____whatitcouldbe.Afterabouthalfanhour,aman____29____thereinahurryandsaid,“Itcan’tbetrue!You...you...”Theyoungviolinistasked,“Didyou____30____something?”“Lottery(彩票).”themananswered____31____.Theviolinisttookoutalotteryticket.“Isit?”heasked.Themanwastoo____32____tosayaword...GeorgeSang____33____alotteryticketafewdaysago.Theawards(獎)openedyesterdayandhewon$500,000.Soluckyandexciteddidhefeelthathe____34____50dollarsandputitinthehatwhenhearingthemusic.However,thelotteryticketwasalsothrownintothehatwithoutbeingnoticed.Theviolinistfoundthelotteryticket.Thinkingthattheownerwould____35____tolookforit,hecamebacktowherehewasgiventhelotteryticket.Someoneaskedtheviolinist____36____hereturnedthelotterytickettotheman.Hesaid,“____37____Idon’thavemuch____38____,Ilivehappily;butifIlose____39____,Iwon’tbehappyforever.”20.A.morning B.afternoon C.noon D.night21.A.quiet B.beautiful C.familiar D.exciting22A.sloweddown B.speededup C.passedby D.wentaway23.A.wallet B.bag C.hat D.box24.A.paper B.glass C.plastic D.cloth25.A.working B.waiting C.singing D.playing26.A.poems B.articles C.words D.texts27.A.important B.fantastic C.dangerous D.interesting28.A.argue B.care C.expect D.guess29.A.came B.rushed C.walked D.left30.A.get B.find C.forget D.lose31.A.quickly B.anxiously C.seriously D.carefully32.A.confused B.anxious C.excited D.surprised33.A.bought B.made C.found D.sold34.A.handedout B.tookout C.huntedfor D.pickedup35.A.forget B.remember C.return D.pick36.A.where B.why C.when D.how37.A.If B.While C.Because D.Although38.A.money B.food C.time D.luck39.A.friendship B.hope C.love D.honesty【答案】20.D21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述一個年輕藝術家在街頭賣藝,意外收到一張彩票,他并沒有據為己有,而是將其歸還它的主人。年輕藝術家說,沒有了誠實,會永遠不快樂。【20題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:星期五的傍晚,一個貧窮的年輕藝人仍然像往常一樣站在地鐵站門口,專心致志地拉著他的小提琴。A.morning上午;B.afternoon下午;C.noon中午;D.night晚上。從第二段“Thenextnight”,可知年輕人是晚上在街頭賣藝。故選D項?!?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:音樂優(yōu)美動聽,許多人都放慢腳步,時不時地往年輕藝人跟前的禮帽里放一些錢。A.quiet安靜的;B.beautiful美妙的;C.familiar熟悉的;D.exciting令人興奮的。根據句中“andmanypeople___3___andputsomemoneyintothe___4___oftheyoungman.”可知,他的音樂吸引了很多人,一定是美妙的。故選B項?!?2題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:音樂優(yōu)美動聽,許多人都放慢腳步,時不時地往年輕藝人跟前的禮帽里放一些錢。A.sloweddown放慢速度;B.speededup加快;C.passedby路過;D.wentaway走開。根據下文“putsomemoneyintothe___4___oftheyoungman.”可知,人們被美妙的音樂吸引放慢腳步投錢進他的帽子。故選A項?!?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:音樂優(yōu)美動聽,許多人都放慢腳步,時不時地往年輕藝人跟前的禮帽里放一些錢。A.wallet錢包;B.bag包;C.hat帽子;D.box盒子。根據第三段“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)8thingintomyhat.”可知,錢是投入他的帽子里的。故選C項?!?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:第二天晚上,年輕的藝術家拿出一張大紙,把它放在地上。A.paper紙;B.glass玻璃;C.plastic塑料;D.cloth布料。根據第三段“Somepeoplegatheredandtheyfoundthe7onthatpaper.”可知可知年輕人在地上鋪了一張紙,在上面寫了一些字。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意:然后他開始演奏。A.working工作;B.waiting等待;C.singing唱歌;D.playing演奏。根據下文“Themusicsoundedmorepleasant.”可知,他開始演奏音樂。故選D項?!?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:一些人聚集在一起,他們發(fā)現了那張紙上的話?!白蛱焱砩?,一位先生在我的禮帽里放了一件很重要的東西。請來把它拿回去”。A.poems詩歌;B.articles文章;C.words話,句子;D.texts課文。根據句中“onthatpaper”和下文“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)___6___thingintomyhat.Pleaseetogetitback.”可知,年輕的藝術家在紙上寫了幾句話。故選C項?!?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一些人聚集在一起,他們發(fā)現了那張紙上的話?!白蛱焱砩希晃幌壬谖业亩Y帽里放了一件很重要的東西。請來把它拿回去”。A.important重要的;B.fantastic迷人的;C.dangerous危險的;D.interesting有趣的。根據第五段“‘Lottery(彩票).’themananswered___12___.”可知,有人把彩票這種比較重要的東西放在他的帽子里面了。故選A項?!?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:人們看到后,非常好奇,開始猜測那是什么東西。A.argue爭論;B.care關心;C.expect期望;預料;D.guess猜測。根據前文“theyfeltverycurious”可知,人們很好奇,會猜測會是什么東西。故選D項?!?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:過了半小時左右,一個人急急忙忙跑過去說:“這不可能是真的!”你……你……?!?。A.came來;B.rushed沖;C.walked走;D.left離開。根據句中的“inahurry”可知這個人非常著急,是沖著過來。故選B項?!?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:你是不是丟了什么東西?A.get得到;B.find發(fā)現;C.forget忘記;D.lose丟失。根據上文年輕人在白紙上寫的“Pleaseetogetitback.”可知,他是等失主,所以當有人來找的東西時候,他會問別人是不是丟了什么。故選D項?!?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:“彩票。”那個人焦急地回答。A.quickly快地;B.anxiously焦慮地;C.seriously嚴肅地;D.carefully仔細地。根據第三段“aman___10___thereinahurryandsaid,‘Itcan’tbetrue!You...you....’”可知,這個人丟了東西,非常焦慮。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:那人激動得一句話也說不出來了。A.confused困惑的;B.anxious焦慮的;C.excited興奮的;D.surprised驚訝的。根據下文可知,這個人的巨額彩票失而復得,所以他興奮得說不出話來。故選C項?!?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:喬治·桑幾天前買了一張彩票。A.bought買;B.made制作;C.found發(fā)現;D.sold賣。根據下文“Theawards(獎)openedyesterdayandhewon$500,000.”可知,喬治·桑買了一張彩票。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:他感到如此幸運和興奮,當他聽到音樂時,他拿出50美元并把它放進了帽子里。A.handedout分發(fā);B.tookout拿出;C.huntedfor尋找;D.pickedup撿起。結合語境和常識可知,喬治·桑的彩票中了大獎,感到高興,所以他拿出50美元放進年輕人的帽子里面。故選B項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:想到失主會回來找,他又回到了他拿到這張彩票的地方。A.forget忘記;B.remember記得;C.return歸還、返回;D.pick挑選。根據下文“hecamebacktowherehewasgiventhelotteryticket”可知,年輕藝人推測失主會回來。故選C項?!?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:有人問他為什么把獎票還給了這個人。A.where哪里;B.why為什么;C.when什么時候;D.how如何。根據下文可知,年輕藝人在解釋歸還彩票的原因,所以有人問他為什么要歸還。故選B項?!?7題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:他說,“雖然我沒有很多錢,但我生活得很快樂;但如果我失去了誠信,我就不會永遠快樂”。A.If如果;B.While在……時候;C.Because因為;D.Although雖然,即使。根據語境可知,“Idon’thavemuch(money)”與“Ilivehappily”在句意上是讓步對比關系,因此用連詞although引導。故選D項?!?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他說:“雖然我沒有很多錢,但我生活得很快樂;但如果我失去了誠信,我就不會永遠快樂?!盇.money錢;B.food食物;C.time時間;D.luck幸運。從文章開頭的apoorartist以及他拉小提琴賺錢可知,小提琴手沒有很多錢。故選A項?!?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他說:“雖然我沒有很多錢,但我生活得很快樂;但如果我失去了誠信,我就不會永遠快樂?!盇.friendship友誼;B.hope希望;C.love愛;D.honesty誠實。根據上文可知,年輕人不為巨額彩票所動,將其物歸原主,說明他是一個誠實的人,把誠信看得很重要,不能失去。故選D項。四、短文填空(每小題2分,共20分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Itisa____40____(move)storybetweenZhongJing,adoctor,andthevillagersinLongheVillage,LongchangTown,QianxinanBouyeiandMisoAutonomousPrefectureinGuizhouProvince.BeforeZhong’sarrival,therewasnoclinicinthevillage.Ifvillagershadtosee____41____doctorwhentheysufferedfromserioushealthproblems,theyhadno____42____(choose)buttogotothehospitalintownwhichismorethanfour____43____(hour)walkaway.SinceZhongsetuptheonlysmallclinic(診所)therewithallherlifesavingsatthetime,thingshavechanged.Withherexcellentmedicalskillandselflessdevotionforalongtime,she____44____(final)wonthelocals’heart.Sheoftenmakescallstosomewithdiseasessuchashighbloodpressure.“Ineedtoremindthem____45____(e)tohavetheirbloodpressureandbloodsugartested,”shesays.Iftheycan’tmakeit,Zhongwillvisitthem.Forthepasttwoyears,Zhong____46____(make)morehousecallstoherpatientssothattheyneedn’tmovearoundduringtheCOVID19times.ThankstotheguidanceofZhong,thelocalvillagersincreasinglydevelopa____47____(strong)healthawarenessthanbefore.Thenumberofpatients____48____visittheclinichasbeenbeinglessinrecentyears.Zhongsays,“I’mgladthatI’mnotonlyadoctorinthevillagenow.Itfeelsgreattobeofsomehelpandbetrusted_____49_____them.”【答案】40.moving41.a42.choice43.hours’44.finally45.toe46.hasmade##hasbeenmaking47.stronger48.who##that49.by【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了鐘靜(音譯)在貴州省黔西南布依族米索自治州龍場鎮(zhèn)龍河村幫助村民提供醫(yī)療服務的故事?!?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意:這是一個發(fā)生在貴州省黔西南布依族米索自治州龍場鎮(zhèn)龍河村醫(yī)生鐘靜和村民之間的感人故事。分析句子可知,設空處在句中作定語,修飾后面的名詞story,此處應填形容詞。根據句意可知,此處表示“令人感動的故事”,應用形容詞moving。故填moving?!?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意:如果村民有嚴重的健康問題必須去看醫(yī)生,他們別無選擇,只能去鎮(zhèn)上的醫(yī)院,步行需要4個多小時。此處表示“看醫(yī)生、就診”為固定短語seeadoctor。故填a?!?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意:如果村民有嚴重的健康問題必須去看醫(yī)生,他們別無選擇,只能去鎮(zhèn)上的醫(yī)院,步行需要4個多小時。設空處在句中作賓語,位于形容詞no后,應用名詞;choose的名詞形式為choice,表示“選擇”。havenochoicebuttodosth.“別無選擇只能做某事”。故填choice?!?3題詳解】考查名詞所有格。句意:如果村民有嚴重的健康問題必須去看醫(yī)生,他們別無選擇,只能去鎮(zhèn)上的醫(yī)院,步行需要4個多小時。根據句意可知,此處表示“步行四小時”,其結構可用“數詞+復數名詞的所有格+被修飾名詞”或“數詞+連字符+單數名詞+被修飾名詞”,即fourhours’walk或fourhourwalk。結合句中結構可知,句中沒有連字符,此處應填名詞所有格形式。故填hours’?!?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意:憑借精湛的醫(yī)術和長期無私的奉獻,她終于贏得了當地人的心。設空處在句中修飾謂語動詞won,應用副詞;final的副詞形式為finally,表示“最后、最終”。故填finally?!?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我要提醒他們來測血壓和血糖。根據句意可知,此處表示“提醒某人做某事”,常用固定結構remindsbtodosth,故設空處需填todo不定式,作賓語補足語。故填toe?!?6題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:在過去的兩年里,鐘靜為她的病人提供了更多的上門服務,這樣他們就不用在新冠肺炎疫情期間四處走動了。分析句子可知,設空處在句中作謂語,應用動詞;其主語為Zhong,與動詞make之間為主動關系;結合時間狀語forthefasttwoyears可知,此處表示動作發(fā)生在過去,一直持續(xù)到現在,應用現在完成時have/hasdone結構,或者也可用現在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing結構,因為她現在還在做這件事,并極有

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