2023年高考英語重難題型高分攻略12 閱讀理解之詞句猜測題（含代詞指代題）（解析版）

備戰(zhàn)2023例讀考點(diǎn)分類訓(xùn)練之詞句常潰題

PassageA

Foryoungpeoplewithautism（自癥）,growingintoadulthoodcanhaveitsown

challenges.Butstudentsatthenon-profiteducationalprogramExceptionalMindsprovethatautism

canalsomeanspecialtalents.

MadelinePettiisanexampleofhowExceptionalMindshelpsstudentswithautismseekand

reachtheirfullpotential/'IwanttheworldtoknowthatIlikedesigningthingsandExceptional

Mindsisagreatplaceforme."Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigitaleffectsartists.Sheisa

young,talentedstudentwhohasautism.Sheislearningallabouttheentertainmentindustrywith

ExceptionalMinds,whichprovidesvocational（職業(yè)的）trainingforyoungadultswithautism.

Madelinehasplayedvideogamessincethe4thgrade.Shehasalsoalwayslovedwatching

animated（動畫的）shows.Butshesaidshehadatorturoustimelearningintraditionalsettings/61get

boredeasilywhenI'mjustsittingthereandpeoplearetalkingaroundme.I'mnotreallypersonally

devotedtothematerial.Whenyouarenotpersonallydevoted,youhavetoforceyourselftostayin

themomentandpayattention.Ifyoudon'thavethemotivationtoforceyourself,youarepretty

muchgoingoffintoyourpersonalLaLaLand.^^

ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindoflearningenvironmentfbrMadeline.More

actionjesstalking.Shesaid,“Ilikecomingherebecauseit'ssohands-on.Wegetshownexamplesor

wewillfollowalongwiththedirections.!guesswearedoingmore.”

ErnieMerlanisanEMprogramdirector.Hesaid,“Theheartofourprogramisafulltime

three-yearvocationalprogramspecificallyfbrtheentertainmentindustry.Theprogramteachesthe

studentsnotonlythetechnicalskillstheyneedbuttheworkreadinessskillstheyneedinorderto

getajob.Sowefocusonhowtheylookandwhattheirattitudeis,andthenworkplaceconflict

whichweallhave.”

l.WhatcanbeknownaboutMadelinePetti?

A.Shesuffersfromgameaddiction.

B.Shehasatalentfordigitaleffects.

C.Sheisworkinginalocalindustry.

D.Shedislikesdesigningthingsnow.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torturous”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Hard.B.Normal.C.Long.D.Devoted.

3.HowisExceptionalMindsdifferentfromtraditionalprograms?

A.Itisaboutentertainment.

B.Itfocusesmoreonaction.

C.Itisdesignedforchildren.

D.Itisaimedatactivetalks.

4.WhyareErnieMerlan'swordsmentioned?

A.Toshowthebenefitsofhisjob.

B.Totelltheprogram'schallenges.

C.Tofurtherintroducetheprogram.

D.Tostresstheinfluenceofattitude.

解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章通過自閉癥患者M(jìn)adeline在非營利的教育項(xiàng)目

ExceptionalMinds的學(xué)習(xí)情況及該項(xiàng)目的員工所說的話來介紹這一項(xiàng)目的教學(xué)方法和它的

一些關(guān)注點(diǎn)。

1.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigital

effectsartists.Sheisayoung,talentedstudentwhohasautism.”可知,MadelinePetti在數(shù)字特

效藝術(shù)方面是有天賦的。

2.A解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“IgetboredeasilywhenVmjustsittingthere

andpeoplearetalkingaroundme.”可知，對于Madeline而言,在傳統(tǒng)環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)是艱難的，所

以畫線詞的意思與Hard“艱難的，煎熬的”最為接近。

3.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindof

learningenvironmentforMadeline.Moreactionjesstalking.可知,ExceptionalMinds的不同

之處在于它更注重行動而非言語。

4.C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,ErnieMerlan介紹了ExceptionalMinds

這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的核心宗旨;由此可推斷，提及他的話是為了進(jìn)一步介紹這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

PassageB

TheInternationalBaccalaureate(IB)Programisaninternationallyrecognizedqualificationfor

entryintohighereducation.Usually,16-to19-year-oldstakeitduringthelasttwoyearsofhigh

school.High-achievinghighschoolstudentswhowantaninternationalperspectiveinavarietyof

subjectsshouldconsiderthisprogram.

TheIBProgramincludesthreerequiredcourses.Thefirst,TheoryofKnowledge,discusses

whereknowledgecomesfromandhowtoanalyzeinfbrmation.Thesecondrequired

course,ExtendedEssay,involvesresearchingasubjectofthestudenfschoiceandwritinga

4,000-wordessayonit.Thethirdrequirement,calledCreativity,Activity,Service,requires50hoursof

workoutsideofclassineachofthethreeareas.Creativityincludestheater,musicandart.Activity

referstosports,andServicemeansvolunteering.

Theprogramincludesclassesinsixothersubjectareasaswelklanguageand

literature,languageacquisition,individualsandsocieties,sciences,mathematicsandthearts.Students

areexpectedtotakeoneclassfromeachsubjectarea.However,theycanchooseanadditionalcourse

fromoneoftheotherareasasasubstitutionfortheartsrequirement.

TheIBProgramintroducesstudentstoawiderangeofcourses.Thiscangivestudentsalegup

inuniversityapplicationsbecauseitshowstheycanlearnaboutmanydifferentsubjects.Onthe

otherhand,thevarietyofsubjectsmeansthatstudentscanonlytakeoneortwoclassesinanyone

area.Therefbre,studentswhowanttospecializeinfieldssuchasmedicineorengineeringmayas

welltakemoreclassesinasinglesubjectarea.TheIBProgrammaynotbeagoodfitforthese

students.

TheIBProgramistime-consumingandintellectuallychallenging.Notallstudentswilldesire

orfeelequippedtoputinthework.Forthosewhopursueit,however,theIBProgramoffersa

wide-rangingeducationfocusedondevelopingskillsstudentswillneedinlife.

5.WhoisrecommendedtoparticipateintheIBProgram?

A.Studentspursuingengineering.

B.Studentswantingtoserveothers.

C.Studentshuntingforanoccupation.

D.Studentsinterestedinvariousfields.

6.WhatcanweknowaboutthecoursearrangementoftheIBProgram?

Altdemandsstudentsshouldbegoodataparticularsport.

B.Itallowsstudentstoselectanothercoursetoreplacearts.

C.Itadvisesstudentsshouldgraduatefromhighschoolfirst.

D.Itrequiresstudentstochooseonecourseineachsubjectarea.

7.Whatdoesthephrase“alegup“probablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Anadvantage.B.Acertificate.

C.Afastspeed.D.Asuggestion.

8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ApplicationsfortheIBProgram.

B.RequiredcoursesintheIBProgram.

C.AnintroductionoftheIBProgram.

□.SuitableparticipantsfortheIBProgram.

解析：本文是一篇說明文。國際學(xué)士學(xué)位(IB)課程是國際公認(rèn)的高等教育入學(xué)資格。文

章介紹了國際學(xué)士學(xué)位(IB)課程學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，申請學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)課程的對象和作用。

5.D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"High-achievinghighschoolstudentswhowant

aninternationalperspectiveinavarietyofsubjectsshouldconsiderthisprogram.”可知，建議

對不同領(lǐng)域感興趣的學(xué)生參加IB課程。

6.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"However,theycanchooseanadditionalcourse

fromoneoftheotherareasasasubstitutionfortheartsrequirement.可知,IB課程允許學(xué)生

選擇另一門課程來代替藝術(shù)。

7.A解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞組后文“becauseitshowstheycanlearnaboutmany

differentsubjects.v及畫線詞組前文“TheIBProgramintroducesstudentstoawiderangeof

courses.”可知,IB課程可以給申請大學(xué)的學(xué)生一個(gè)優(yōu)勢。由此推知，畫線詞組alegup意為“一

個(gè)優(yōu)勢，

8.C解析主旨大意題。整篇文章都是圍繞"TheInternationalBaccalaureate（IB）

Program”來敘述的。由此可知,AnintroductionoftheIBProgram.（IB課程簡介）符合題意。

故選C項(xiàng)。

PassageC

Gettingmixedfamiliestogetherisn'talwaysaneasytaskandsomechildrencanbeleftfeeling

hurtorangrywhentheirparentsremarry.Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepsonknows

exactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）tohim.

VanessaLynch,30,becamestepmumtonine-year-oldHenrywhenshetiedtheknotwithCraig

Lynchandaftermakinghervowstohernewhusband,sheturnedherattentiontotheyoungboy.Her

vowssaid,“Henry,IknowIwasn'tthereforyourfirststepsoryourfirstwords,butIpromiseIwill

betherefbrmanymoreofyourfirsts.IpromisetoloveyouasifyouweremyownandlastlyI

promiseIwillbethebestwifeforyourdadandIpromisetobethebeststepmumIcanbeforyou.^^

AndVanessainsistedshewantedtodedicatesomeofhervowstoHenrybecauseshedidn't

wanthimtoseeherasjusta“womanhisdadwasmarriedto9,.Sheexplained,ctFmgladIdecidedto

doitbecauseHenrytoldmethattheymeantalottohimandthathefeelsevenclosertomethan

befbre.^^

Vanessaalsohadastepdadgrowingupandchosetowalkdowntheaislewithbothher

biologicaldadandherstepdadtoshowthatfamilydoesn'tjustmeanbloodrelatives.Shesaid,"I

comefromamixedfamily,soIwantedtoshowhowstepparentsshouldtreatstepchildrenasthough

theyweretheirownchildren.Youdon'tsharebloodwithsomeone,butitdoesnotmeanyoucannot

beafamily.ltallcomesfromloveyouholdfbrapersonandwhatyoucommittooneanother.^^

9.HowdidVanessashowhercareforherstepson?

A.Byallowinghimtolivewithher.

B.Byvowingtohimatherwedding.

C.Bypurchasinghisfovouritetoys.

D.Bypromisingtogivehimfreedom.

10.Whatmaytheunderlinedpartmeaninparagraph2?

A.Gotmarriedto.B.Gotfamiliarwith.

C.Gotengagedin.D.Gotinvolvedwith.

11.HowistherelationbetweenVanessaandherstepsonnow?

A.Worsethanever.B.Ascloseasbefore.

C.Greatlyimproved.D.Nocloserthanbefore.

12.WhichwordscanbestdescribeVanessaLynch?

A.Sensitiveandskeptical.B.Ambitiousandgentle.

C.Talentedandintelligent.D.Kindandconsiderate.

解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章以Vanessa經(jīng)歷的重組家庭例子，表明家庭不僅僅是指血

親，沒有血緣也可以成為一家人。

9.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和結(jié)合下文得出這位女性指的是Vanessa可知,Vanessa通過在婚禮上向繼子宣誓來顯

示她對繼子的關(guān)心。

10.A解析詞句猜測題。由第一段中的“Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和第二段中的“VanessaLynch,30,becamestepmum...Hervowssaid99可知,Vanessa成

了九歲亨利的繼母，還進(jìn)行了結(jié)婚宣誓，說明她和克雷格林奇結(jié)婚了,tiedtheknotwith在此處

意為"結(jié)婚（Gotmarriedto）”。

ll.C解析推理判斷題。由第三段中的mgladIdecidedtodoitbecauseHenrytold

methattheymeantalottohimandthathefeelsevenclosertomethanbefore.w可知，繼子亨

利比以前更親近Vanessa,二人關(guān)系現(xiàn)在大大改善了。

12.D解析推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Butonewomanhasmadesurehernewstepson

knowsexactlyhowmuchsheappreciateshim,bydedicatingpartofherweddingvows（誓言）to

him.”和第二段中的“Hervowssaid,canbeforyou.'”可知,Vanessa通過在婚禮上向繼

子宣誓來顯示她對繼子的關(guān)心,說她會愛繼子，成為最好的繼母,可得出Vanessa是一位善良體

貼的人。

PassageD

FouTs'ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterpretationsofChopin,Debussy

andMozart,diedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas86.

Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas

7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.Theconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsin

Beijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.Fousoonmovedto

Poland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatory（音樂學(xué)校）onascholarship.Toprepareforthe

fifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersand

wasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.

Mr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalprominencewhenhetookthe

thirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.Healsowonaspecial

prizeforhisperformanceofChopin'smazurkas（馬祖卜舞曲）.Almostovernight,hebecamea

nationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou9srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproof

thatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.Chinesereportersflockedto

interviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.

In1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedin

China.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei'sFamily

Lettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swords

resonated（共鳴）longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.

“Myfatherhadasayingthat'Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,and

onlythencanyoubeapianist.'"Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview/'Evennow,!believeinthis

order-thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”

l.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?

A.FouTs'ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.

B.FouTs'ongfirstperformedonthestageat7.

C.FouTs'ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.

D.FouTs'ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.

2.WhydoesFouTs'ong'sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?

AltearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.

B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.

C.ItprovesChinesepeople'stalentformusic.

D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they”inparagraph4referto?

A.Mr.Fu'swords.

B.YoungChinese.

C.FouTs'ongandhisfamily.

D.ReadersofFuLei'sFamilyLetters.

4.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei'sideasinthelastparagraph?

A.Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.

B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.

C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.

D.Talentisofthegreatestimportanceforapianist.

解析：本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹中國出生的鋼琴家傅聰。他以其對肖邦、德彪西

和莫扎特作品的細(xì)致詮釋而聞名，他的國際知名度為中國藝術(shù)在西方贏得了一席之地。

1.C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句話"ToprepareforthefifthChopin

CompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwas

nearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.w可知，傅聰先生為了比賽付出了很多。

2.A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"ToChina,Mr.Fousrecognitionina

well-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsown

artisticallyintheWest.”可知,傅聰?shù)膰H知名度為中國藝術(shù)在西方贏得了一席之地。

3.A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的aBesidesinfluencingagenerationof

Chinese,Mr.Fu,swordsresonatedlongafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywere

intended.w可以看出,they指代上文提到的Mr.Fu，swords,說明除了影響了一代中國人外，傅

雷先生的話在他去世后依然能夠讓聽到這些話的人產(chǎn)生共鳴。由此推知,they指的是his

wordso

4.B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"MyfatherhadasayingthatFirstyoumust

beaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist/"可知，傅雷

先生教兒子傅聰要先成為人，再成為藝術(shù)家,再成為音樂家，最后才能成為鋼琴家。這表明，傅雷

先生認(rèn)為成為一名鋼琴家，身上要具備很多的品質(zhì)。

PassageE

Acarboncapturingdevice,calledOrca,beganoperatinginIcelandinSeptember.Themachine

wasinventedandmadebyaSwisscompanycalledClimeworks.Thenamecomesfromthe

Icelandicwordorkawhichmeansenergy.

Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairandsenditdeepintotheground,wherejtisturned

intostone.Thedeviceismadeupoffoursectionswhichlooklikegiantairconditionersstacked

together.Eachsectioncontains12largefansthatsuckairfromoutsideintosteelcompartments.

Inside,theairpassesthroughafilter（過濾器）whichgathersthecarbondioxide.ltisthenheated

toahightemperaturesothecarbondioxidecanbecollectedfromthefilter.Then,thecarbondioxide

ismixedwithwaterandputdeepinthegroundintoatypeofrockcalledbasalt.Basaltcausesthe

carbondioxidemixturetoturnintostoneaftertwoorthreeyears.

Orcaisanexperimentaldevice.ltwasbuilttodemonstratethatitispossibletopermanently

removecarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.ltcanremove4,000metrictonsofcarbondioxide

fromtheaireachyear.That'saboutthesameamountastheemissionsproducedby850carsina

year.Inordertoremoveenoughcarbondioxidetomakeabigdifferencetoglobalwarming,much

largerdeviceslikeOrcawouldhavetobebuiltinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.

Someenvironmentalactivistssaygovernmentsshouldspendmoretimeandmoneyon

reducingtheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceeachyear,insteadofinvestingincarboncapture

methods.Butotherssaythat,inorderforcountriestomeettheirgoalofnetzeroemissionsby

2050,theywillneedtodoboth:reducenewemissionsandremovethecarbondioxidealreadyinthe

air.

5.What'sthepurposeofdesigningOrca?

A.Toconserveenergy.

B.Toachievezeroemissions.

C.Toprotectnaturalresources.

D.Toremovecarbondioxideintheair.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it"refertoinparagraph2?

A.Orca.B.Thebasalt.C.Theair.D.Carbondioxide.

7.HowdoesOrcawork?

a.Suckingtheair.

b.Collectingthecarbondioxide.

c.Mixingwithwater.

d.Filteringandheating.

e.Puttingintotheground.

A.a,d,b,c,eB.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,c,b,eD.a,b,c,d,e

8.Whyaresomeenvironmentalistsnotinfavor?

A.Reducingemissionsismoreimportant.

B.Itmightresultinnewpollution.

C.Thetechnologyisnotmature.

D.Itdoesn'tworkefficiently.

解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了瑞士公司制造的名為Orca的碳捕捉設(shè)備，并詳細(xì)

說明了其工作原理和一些環(huán)保人士對它的看法。

5.D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中uOrcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairand

senditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.w可推知，設(shè)計(jì)Orca的目的是去除空

氣中的二氧化碳。

6.D解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairand

senditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.w和指代關(guān)系可知，代詞it指的是上

文提到的acarbondioxide故選D項(xiàng)。

7.A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知Qrca的工作過程是:先吸入空氣，對其過濾

并加熱收集到的二氧化碳，完成二氧化碳的收集后，與水混合，最后存入地下。

8.A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Someenvironmentalactivistssaygovernments

shouldspendmoretimeandmoneyonreducingtheamountofgreenhousegasweproduce

eachyear,insteadofinvestingincarboncapturemethods.w可推知,一些環(huán)保人士不支持Orca,

因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為減少我們每年產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體更重要。

PassageF

InFebruaryof1942,MexicanfarmerDionisioPulidothoughtheheardthundercomingfrom

hiscornfield.However,thesoundwasn'tcomingfromthesky.Thesourcewasalargesmokingbreak

sendingoutgasandpushingoutrocks.Thisopeningwouldcometobeknownasthevolcano

Paricutin,andoverthenext9years,itslavaandashwouldcoverover200squarekilometers.But

wheredidthisnewvolcanocomefrom,andwhatcauseditsunpredictableeruption?

Oneofthemostcommoncausesofaneruptionisanincreaseinmagmastatic

pressure.Magma（巖漿）containsvariouselementsandcompounds.Athighenough

concentrations,compoundslikewaterorsulfur（硫）formhigh-pressuregasbubbles.Whentheseballs

ofgasreachthesurface,theycanburstwiththeforceofagunshot.Andwhenmillionsofbubbles

explode,theenergycansendashintotheair.Butbeforetheypoporburst,theyactlikebubblesof

CO2inashakensoda.

Notalleruptionsareduetorisingmagmastaticpressure—sometimestheweightoftherock

abovecanbecomedangerouslylow.Landslidescanremovemassivequantitiesofrockfromatopa

magmachamberorroom,droppingthepressureandinstantlytouchingoffaneruption.Thisprocess

isknownas“unloading“andit'sbeenresponsiblefornumerouseruptions,includingthesudden

explosionofMountSt.Helensin1980.Butunloadingcanalsohappenoverlongerperiodsoftime

duetoheatingiceormeltingglaciers.Infact,manygeologistsareworriedthatglacialmeltcaused

byclimatechangecouldincreasevolcanicactivity.

Unfortunately,knowingwhatcauseseruptionsdoesn'tmakethemeasytopredict.While

scientistscanroughlydeterminethestrengthandweightoftheEarth9scrust（地殼）,thedepthand

heatofmagmachambersmakesmeasuringchangesinmagmastaticpressureverydifficult.But

volcanologistsareconstantlyexploringnewtechnologytoovercomethisrockyfield.Advancesin

thermalimaging（熱成像）haveallowedscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.Spectrometerscan

analyzegasesescapingmagma.Hopefully,thesetoolswillhelpusbetterunderstandthesegasbreaks

andtheirexplosiveeruptions.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofafarmerinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toshowthepowerofvolcanoeruption.

B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.TointroducethevolcanoParicutin.

D.Toexplainthereason.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inparagraph2referto?

A.ThebubblesofCO2.

B.Theashofthevolcano.

C.Gasbubblesofcompounds.

D.Theelementsofasoda.

11.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheeruptionofMountSt.Helens?

A.Landslidesshouldberesponsiblefbritseruption.

Bitbegantoexplodeoveralongperiodoftime.

C.Theprocessof“unloading”occurredafteritsexplosion.

D.Theweightoftherockaboveitincreasedastocauseitseruption.

12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistscandeterminetheeruptionofthevolcanoinadvance.

B.ItisquitedifficulttomeasuretheweightoftheEarth'scrust.

C.Spectrometerscanhelpscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.

D.Scientistsarepositiveaboutfurtherstudyofvolcanoeruption.

解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是火山爆發(fā)的原因。

9.B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，第一段提到一個(gè)農(nóng)民的故事是為了引出火

山噴發(fā)的原因這個(gè)主題。

10.C解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Athighenoughconcentrations,compoundslike

waterorsulfur（硫）formhigh-pressuregasbubbles.Whentheseballsofgasreachthesurface

及they后的“canburstwiththeforceofagunshotw可知，是氣泡會爆炸,they指的是水或硫這

樣的化合物形成的高壓氣泡，即Gasbubblesofcompoundso

ll.A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Landslidescanremove...explosionofMount

StHelensin1980」可知，山體滑坡應(yīng)該對圣海倫斯火山的爆發(fā)負(fù)責(zé)。

12.D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的aSpectrometerscananalyzegasesescaping

magma.HopefuIly,thesetoolswillhelpusbetterunderstandthesegasbreaksandtheir

explosiveeruptions.w可推斷出,科學(xué)家們對火山爆發(fā)的進(jìn)一步研究持積極態(tài)度。

PassageG

Ican'tprovethis,butI'msureifstruernobodyontheirdeathbedeverwishedthey9dspent

moretimewatchingtelevision.Lifeisshortandtherearetoomanyactivitiesthataremoreimportant

andfulfillingthansittinginfrontofatelevisionforhoursonend.That'snottosuggestyoushould

removetelevisionfromyourlifecompletely.ButFvecometoseeitassomethingbestplacedatthe

edgeoflife,ratherthanthecenter.

Ididn'talwaysfeelthatway.Infact,therewasaperiodinmylifewhenIwastednearlysix

hoursofmydaywatchingtelevisionandwatchedtillIfellasleepnearmidnight.Eighthours

later,rdwakeupwiththeTVstillon,feelingnomorerestedthanwhenIwenttosleep.Whenyou

dothemath,it'srathershocking.Sixhoursperdayaddsupto2,190hoursoverthecourseofa

year,whichequatestoabout91days.

AlthoughIfailedtorecognizeitatthetime,ifsclearnowthatwatchingTVhadbecomea

fuU?blown（全部）addictionformeltwasawaythatIusedtodistractmyselffromthe

problems,fearsandchallengesIwasrefusingtodealwithinmylife.Iusedtelevisiontodistract

fromtheshame,embarrassmentandstressIfeltaboutsomeirresponsiblefinancialdecisionsand

theirresultingfallout.Iusedittoavoidfacingmyfearofsteppingoutintotheworldmore

fully,connectingwithothersandpursuingthehigherpurposetowhichmysoulwasbeingcalled.I

usedittocopewithboredomandfillthespaceofanotherwiseemptylife.

Inshort,mylifewasamessandmyself-esteem（自尊）wasshort,andwhileTVmayhave

providedashort-termescapefromthatreality,itkeptmelockedwithinit.

Luckily,nowInolongerlivesuchalife.SohowdidImakeit?

l.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?

A.Theauthordidn'talwayslovewatchingTV.

B.TheauthorusedtoplaceTVatthecenterofherlife.

C.Theauthoralwaysfeltpositive.

D.Theauthorusedtothinklifewasverylong.

2.WhydidtheauthorspendmostofhertimewatchingTVinthepast?

A.Tohaveagoodrestathome.

B.Tolearnabouttherealworld.

C.Togetawayfromherproblems.

D.Togetridofherbadhabits.

3.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthornow?

A.Sheleadsaverysimplelife.

B.Shelivesamorefulfillinglife.

C.ShewatchesTVforhourseveryday.

D.Shelikescommunicatingwithothers.

4.Whatwouldthenextparagraphsprobablybeabout?

A.WhywatchingTVisharmful.

B.Howtoliveamorefulfillinglife.

C.Whattheauthordoesinherdailylifenow.

D.HowtheauthorovercameherTVaddiction.

解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者曾經(jīng)沉溺于電視來逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的經(jīng)歷。

1.B解析句意猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Infact,therewasaperiodinmylifewhenI

wastednearlysixhoursofmydaywatchingtelevisionandwatchedtillIfellasleepnear

midnight."可知，作者曾將大部分的時(shí)間都投入到電視之中。畫線句子的意思是作者曾把電視

當(dāng)成生活的中心。

2.C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ItwasawaythatIusedtodistractmyselffrom

theproblems...fallout.w可知，作者曾經(jīng)沉迷于電視來逃避她的問題。

3.B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中aLuckily,nowInolongerlivesuchalife.w可

知，現(xiàn)在作者過著更充實(shí)的生活。

4.D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“SohowdidImakeit?（那我是怎么做到的呢?）”

可知，接下來作者想要講述她是如何克服電視癮的。

PassageH

Bicycleridinghastakentheworldbystorm.Bicyclesaretypicallymadeofsteelor

aluminum（鋁）butnowthereisauniquecompanythatisgrowingbikesontreesJiterally.These

bicyclesaremadeofBritishgrownashtreesbyWelshmakerAndyDix.HisHay-on-Wye

company,TwmpaFrames,ismakingbikesthatareofhighperformanceandenvironmentally

sustainable.

“It'sgreattopushformorebikesandfewercarsontheroad,butthere'snoescapingthefact

thatthebikeindustryasawholeisprettyenergyintensive,vDixtoldCyclingIndustry/Tvealways

triedtominimizeenvironmentalimpactinmywork.Ratherthanrelyingonheavily-processed

metals,orlayersofplasticthatwillonedayendupinlandfill,Fmbuildingbikesfromcaptured

carbon,inaprocesspoweredbysunlight.^^

Ittooktwoyearstobuildtheprototype（雛形）thatwasmadefromashwood.Dixtestedthe

woodenbikeontheroughestroadshecouldfindanddiscoveredthatitwascomfortable,durable,and

excellentatabsorbingshakes.Heputmorethan3,000milesonthebike.Dixexplained/!was

runningalongbatteredroadsthatwouldhaveshakenmetobitsonanaluminumbike.Thepenny

dropped.NotonlycouldImakeabikeoutofwood,butithadinherentadvantagesoverother

materials.^^

Thoughcuttingdowntreescanaddtomorecarbonintheatmosphere,sustainabletreefarming

ispossible.DixsaidthatmanufacturingaBritishtonneofaluminumresultsincarbonemissionsof

4,532kgwhileproducingatonneofwoodonlyemits457kg.Currently,thecostofanewTwmpa

Cycleis