Unit+5+Using+Language+Chemical+versus+organic+farming+Assessing+your+progress高二英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

ChemicalVersusOrganicFarming

（體育，法律上）對抗；（比較兩種不同想法、選擇等）與…相對，與…相比[?v??s?s]化學耕作與有機耕作Unit5WorkingtheLand--Reading

forWritingLearningObjectives1.Clearthedefinitionsofchemicalandorganicfarmingandtrytoexplaintheminyourownlanguage.2.Describethebenefits,problemsandsolutionsofdifferentfarmingmethods.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetwofarmingmethods?chemical/conventionalfarmingorganicfarmingOrganicFarmingPrediction1.Whatisthetextabout?ChemicalfarmingOrganicfarming

picturestitle2.Whattypeofwritingisit?A.Narration(記敘文)B.Exposition(說明文)C.Argumentation(議論文)

chemicalversusorganicfarminge7d195523061f1c0c2b73831c94a3edc981f60e396d3e182073EE1468018468A7F192AE5E5CD515B6C3125F8AF6E4EE646174E8CF0B46FD19828DCE8CDA3B3A044A74F0E769C5FA8CB87AB6FC303C8BA3785FAC64AF5424764E128FECAE4CC72932BB65C8C121A0F41C1707D94688ED66335DC6AE12288BF2055523C0C26863D2CD4AC454A29EEC183CEF0375334B579Chemicalfarmingisfarmingusing_________________and_________________whileorganicfarmingissimplyfarming_________usinganychemicals.chemicalpesticidesartificialfertiliserswithout1.Whydidmanyfarmerswelcometheintroduction

ofchemicalfarming?

Manyfarmerswelcomedthemasagreatwayto

fightcropdiseases

andincreaseproduction.2.Whatconcernsmanypeopleabouttheuseof

pesticides?

Theirlong-termusecansometimesharmboth

thelandandpeople’shealth.Para.1Reading--Task13.Whatisoneproblemwiththeuseofchemical

fertilisers?

Cropsgrownwiththemusuallygrowtoofastto

berichinnutrition.Para.24.Howisorganicfarmingdifferentfromchemicalfarming?Organicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.

Organicfarmersfocuson

keepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdiseases

throughnaturalmeans.Para.35.Whydoorganicfarmerschangethekindof

cropgrowninafieldeveryyear?Differentcropsaregrownbecausetheyput

importantmineralsbackintotheground,makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.Para.4Task2----ReadforthemainideasMatchthemainideas(A-D)belowwiththeparagraphs.ParagraphMainidea1-2345BCADWhatorganicfarmingisWhyman-madechemicalsarestillusedinfarmingOrganicmethodsforproducingrichsoilTheproblemswithchemicalfarmingParagraphMainIdeaDetail1-2Pesticides?can?kill?helpful

.Some?pesticides?have?been

?becauseofthe

.Crops?grown?with?chemical?fertilisers?usually

tobefullof

.3Many?organic?farmers?use

asfertiliser.DAbacteriaandinsectsprohibiteddamagetheycausegrowtoofastnutritionnaturalwastefromanimalsParagraphMainIdeaDetail4They?often

grownineachfield

.They?also?plant?crops?that?use?

ofthesoiltohelpkeepitrich.5Organic?farming?is?nowhere?near?able?to?meet?the?high

.CBchangethekindofcropeveryyeardifferentdepthsdemandforfoodaroundtheworldReadfororganizationTitleTexttype:ExpositionThe_______and_________ofchemicalfarming.

benefitsproblemsPart1:(Para1&2)Whatorganicfarmingisand__________________.howitkeepthesoilrichPart2:(Para3&4)Part3:(Para5)Conclusion

DrawthestructureofthetextSummarySincethemiddleofthe20thcentury,usingchemicalfertilisers_______________(become)verycommoninfarming.Manyfarmerswelcomedthemasagreatwaytofightcropdiseaseandincrease___________(produce).Overtime,_________,scientistshavefoundthattheirlong-termusecansometimesharmboththeland______people’shealth.Theycandamagethelandby________(kill)theharmfulbacteriaandinsectsaswell____helpfulones.Besides,thesechemicalscanstayinthesoilandunderstandwatersourcesfor___longtime.Cropsgrownwiththemusuallygrowtoofasttoberich___nutrition.Asanalternative,somefarmershaveswitchedtoorganicfarming.Manyorganicfarmerspreferusing_______（nature）wastefromanimalsasfertiliser,whichmakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinminerals.Theyalsousemanyothermethodstoproducerichsoil.Thegoalofusingdifferentorganicfarmingmethodsis_________(grow)goodfoodwhileavoidingdamagetotheenvironmentoftopeople’shealth.hasbecomeproductionhoweverandkillingasainnaturaltogrowLearnaboutYuanLongping’slifeLanguagepointsChemicalpesticidesandartificialfertilisershavebeeninwidespreaduseinfarmingsincethemiddleofthe20thcentury.Whentheywerefirstintroduced,manyfarmerswelcomedthemasagreatwaytofightcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.Overtime,however,whatsomescientistshavefoundisthattheirlong-termusecansometimesharmboththelandandpeoples’health.自20世紀中葉以來，化學農(nóng)藥和人工肥料在農(nóng)業(yè)中得到了廣泛的應用。剛開始使用的時候，很多農(nóng)民都很歡迎，認為這是防治作物病害和提高產(chǎn)量的好辦法。但隨著時間的推移，一些科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，長期使用它們有時會損害土地和人們的健康。_________________在廣泛使用中____________________推行；實施；引進________________隨著時間流逝_________________損害

inwidespreaduseintroduceovertimeharmorganic/???ɡ?n?k/adj.有機的；不使用化肥的；有機物的

organically

adv.有機地

pesticide/?pest?sa?d/n.殺蟲劑；除害藥物

widespread/?wa?dspred/

adj.分布廣的；普遍的；廣泛的

harm/hɑ?m/

vt.損害；傷害n.傷害；損害harm讀一讀

細觀察1.Didthestormdoanyharmtothecorn?詞性________含義____________2.Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.

詞性________含義________3.Ithinkproperexerciseisharmlesstoyourlegs.詞性_____含義________名詞損害；傷害__________________對某人/某物有害doharmtosb/sth形容詞有害的__________________adj.

有害的harmful形容詞無害的__________________對...有害beharmfulto__________________adj.

無害的harmless即學即用單句語法填空1.Fruitjuicescanbe____________(harm)tochildren’steeth.句型轉換2.Don’treadinbed.Itwilldoharmtoyoureyes.Don’treadinbed.Itwill_________________youreyes.harmfulbeharmfulto

Forexample,pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmfulbacteriaandinsects,butalsohelpfulones.Inaddition,thesechemicalscanstayinthesoilandundergroundwatersourcesforalongtime.Thisaffectsthecropsgrownonthelandand,inturn,theanimalsandhumanswhodigestthem.Manypeopleworrythatthesechemicalsmaymakethemillandevencausecancer.Infact,somepesticideslikeDDThavebeenprohibitedinmostcountriesbecauseofthedamagetheycausetopeopleandtheenvironment.Asforchemicalfertilisers,cropsgrownwiththemusuallygrowtoofasttoberichinnutrition.Theymaylookbeautifulontheoutside,butinsidethereisusuallymorewaterthanessentialminerals,andtheyoftenhavelessflavouraswell.

例如，農(nóng)藥不僅會殺死有害的細菌和昆蟲，還會殺死有益的細菌和昆蟲，從而破壞土地。此外，這些化學物質會在土壤和地下水源中停留很長時間，這會影響到土地上種植的作物，進而影響到消化這些作物的動物和人類。很多人擔心這些化學物質會讓他們生病，甚至致癌。事實上，一些殺蟲劑，如DDT，由于對人和環(huán)境的破壞，大多數(shù)國家已經(jīng)禁止使用。至于化肥，使用化肥種植的農(nóng)作物通常生長過快，營養(yǎng)不豐富。但里面通常含有更多的水分而不是必需的礦物質，而且它們的味道往往也較差。。_________________損害；破壞____________________細菌___________相應地；轉而；輪流；依次_________________消化____________

完全必要的；及其重要的damagebacteriuminturndigestessentialbacterium/b?k?t??ri?m/n.細菌bacteria/b?k?t??ri?/

n.(pl.)細菌inturn相應地；轉而；依次，輪流

digest/da??d?est/v.消化；領悟；領會/?da?d?est/n.摘要；文摘essential/??sen?(?)l/adj.

完全必要的；極其重要的essentialsn.生活必需品mineral/?m?n?r?l/n.礦物；礦物質Forexample,pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmfulbacteriaandinsects,butalsohelpfulones.damage讀一讀

細觀察1.Thiscouldcause/doseriousdamagetoyourenvironment.

詞性________含義____________名詞損害；損失____________________損害某人的健康damageone’shealth____________________對...造成損害；損害...cause/dodamageto..辨

析damage指價值，用途降低或外表損壞等；可以修復destroy指徹底毀壞以至于不能或很難修復ruin多指因外部原因受到嚴重破壞或毀壞，側重破壞的徹底性，也可用于引申意義。即學即用選詞填空（damage/destroy/ruin）1.Thetownwas___________inthefire.2.Theheavyrain_________ourholiday.3.Thecarwasbadly___________intheaccident.destroyedruineddamaged依次Thisaffectsthecropsgrownonthelandand,inturn,theanimalsandhumanswho

digestthem.turn常用短語讀一讀

細觀察1.Thegirlscalledouttheirnamesinturn.含義__________2.It’sapitythatheturneddownmyoffer.含義_________3.Whenintrouble,Ioftenturntomyfather.含義__________4.Heagreedtocomebutdidn’tturnup.

含義____________5.Let’staketurnstohelpthem.含義_________6.Theycleantheroombyturns.含義____________________依次；輪流；轉而inturnbyturns強調(diào)“?個接?個”和“輪流”，帶有“循環(huán)”的意思inturn強調(diào)“順序”，是“依次相繼地”的意思。這層意思。________________拒絕拒絕turndown向...求助___________向...求助turnto出現(xiàn)___________出現(xiàn)turnup輪流________________輪流taketurns輪流________________輪流byturnsdigest/da??d?est/v.消化；領悟；領會

/?da?d?est/n.摘要；文摘讀一讀?

細觀察1.Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.詞性_______含義___________________2.Mymotherisreadingamonthlynewsdigest.詞性_______含義____________即學即用1.Wedidthework_____turns.2.Heturned_______herinvitationtotheparty.3.Sheturned_____lateasusual.完成句子4.飯后你應該留點時間讓食物消化。Youshouldallowalittletimeafteramealfor______________________.動詞領會；領悟；理解名詞摘要；文摘bydownupthefoodtodigest

Asanalternative,somefarmershaveswitchedtoorganicfarming,andmanycustomershaveturnedtoorganicfoodwhentheyshopatthelocalgrocery.Organicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.Organicfarmersfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdiseasethroughnaturalmeans.Forexample,manyorganicfarmersusenaturalwastefromanimalsasfertiliser.Thismakesthesoilintheirfieldsricherinminerals.Italsokeepstheair,soil,water,andcropsfreeofchemicals.

作為一種選擇，一些農(nóng)戶已經(jīng)改用有機耕作，許多顧客在當?shù)仉s貨店購物時也轉而選擇有機食品。有機耕作就是不使用任何化學品的簡單耕作。有機農(nóng)戶專注于通過自然手段保持土壤肥沃和沒有疾病。例如，許多有機農(nóng)民使用動物的天然廢物作為肥料。這使得他們田地里的土壤含有更豐富的礦物質。它還能使空氣、土壤、水和農(nóng)作物不含化學物質。________________可供選擇的事物____________________食品雜貨店________________使...免受（影響）_________________肥料alternativegrocerykeep...freeoffertiliseralternative/??l?t??n?t?v/n.可供選擇的事物

adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的grocery/?ɡr??s?ri/n.食品雜貨店；[pl.]食品雜貨____________________有做某事的選擇alternative

/??l?t??n?t?v/n.可供選擇的事物

adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的alternative常用短語讀一讀

細觀察1.Wedecidedtomakeanalternativeplanatlast.詞性________含義__________2.Homeopathy(順勢療法)isapopularformofalternativemedicine.

詞性________含義_________即學即用1.Ifwefail,therewouldbenoalternativebut_________(cancel)theprogrammealtogether.2.Doyouhave______alternativesolution?形容詞可供替代的____________________別無選擇只好做某事havenoalternativebuttodosth形容詞非傳統(tǒng)的havethealternativeofdoingsthtocancelanOrganicfarmersfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdiseasethroughnaturalmeans.keep...freeof=keep..freefrom使...免受（影響，傷害等）

拓展：keepsbfromdoingsthstopsbfromdoingsthpreventsbfromdoingsth牛刀小試1.Theylikelivinginavillage,keepingthemselvesfree_____crowdsandnoises.完成句子他給父母打了電話免得他們擔心。Hetelephonedhisparentsto___________________of/fromkeepthemfreefrom/ofanxiety/worry

Organicfarmersalsousemanyothermethodstoproducerichsoil.Theyoftenchangethekindofcropgrownineachfieldeveryyear.Forinstance,theymaygrowcornorwheatinafieldoneyear,andthengrowbeanstherethenext.Whydifferentcropsaregrownisbecausetheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground,makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.Organicfarmersalsoplantdiversecropsthatuseddifferentdepthsofsoiltohelpkeepitrich.Forexample,peanutsgrowontheground’ssurface,butmanyothervegetablesputdowndeeproots.Thegoalofusingdifferentorganicfarmingmethodsistogrowgoodfoodwhileavoidingdamagetotheenvironmentortopeople’shealth.有機農(nóng)民還使用許多其他方法來培養(yǎng)肥沃的土壤。他們經(jīng)常改變每年在每塊田里種植的作物種類。例如，他們可能會在某塊田里種植玉米或小麥，然后在第二年種植豆類。為什么要種植不同的農(nóng)作物，是因為他們把重要的礦物質釋放回地里，讓它再次為下一批農(nóng)作物做好準備。有機耕種的農(nóng)民還種植多樣化的作物，利用不同深度的土壤來幫助保持土壤的肥沃。例如，花生生長在地表，但許多其他蔬菜卻把根扎得很深。使用不同的有機耕作方法的目的是種植好的食物，同時避免對環(huán)境或人們的健康造成損害。____________例如；比如______________為...做準備______________深度forinstancereadyfordepthdepth

/depθ/n.向下（或向里）的距離；深（度）root

/ru?t/根；根莖；根部；根源depth

n.向下(或向里)的距離；深(度)1.Theoilwellextendedseveralhundredsoffeetindepth.

油井向下延伸了數(shù)百英尺。2.Hisideaslackdepth.

他的想法缺乏深度。3.Whenyouarereadytofinishtheexercise,graduallydeepenyourbreathing.

當你準備結束練習時，要慢慢地深呼吸。4.Asabusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.

作為一名女商人，我非常在乎我的顧客。①

indepth全面地；深入地；仔細地

inthedepthsof在……深處②

deep

adj.深的；深沉的；專心的

adv.

在深處；深深地

deepdown在內(nèi)心深處；本質上；實際上③

deeply

adv.深深地；非常地

deepen

v.(使)變深；加深與“deep—depth—deepen”變形相似的詞還有:adj.highwidelongstrongbroadn.heightwidthlengthstrengthbreadthv.heightenwidenlengthenstrengthenbroaden

Somepeoplewouldprefertostoptheuseofman-madechemicalsinagricultureentirely.Whatkeepsthemfromdoingsoisthefactthatchemicalfarmingservesthehighdemandforfoodaroundtheworld.Organicfarmingisnowherenearabletomeetthatneed.Therefore,thereisstillalongwaytofindasuitablesolutionthatputssufficientfoodonthedinnertablewhilekeepingpeopleandtheenvironmentashealthyaspossible.

有些人希望在農(nóng)業(yè)中完全停止使用人造化學品。阻止他們這樣做的原因是，化學農(nóng)業(yè)服務于全世界對食物的高需求。有機農(nóng)業(yè)遠遠不能滿足這種需求。因此，要找到一個合適的解決方案，既能讓餐桌上有足夠的食物，又能讓人們和環(huán)境盡可能地保持健康，還有很長的路要走。____________全部地；完整地______________高要求______________完全沒有，遠不及________________滿足某人的求________________盡可能...entirelyhighdemandnowherenearmeetone’sneedas...aspossibleentirely/?n?ta??li/adv.

全部地；完整地；完全地___________adj.寫作佳句Theplacewasn’t__________(entire)authenic(真實的)tough.(2021?新高考I卷)entireentirely

Whatkeepsthemfromdoingsoisthefactthatchemicalfarmingservesthehighdemandforfoodaroundtheworld.句式剖析

本句是主從復合句，_______引導的是主語從句；_____引導的同位語從句說明thefact的內(nèi)容注意：1.that引導的同位語從句多位于idea、fact、evidence、hope、belief、wish、doubt、news、advice、suggestion、等表示抽象意義的名次之后，用于解釋說明這些名詞的具體內(nèi)容。eg:Thenewsthatweareinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.thatwhat

Organicfarmingisnowherenearabletomeetthatneed.nowherenear完全沒有；遠不及擴展

nowhereadv.無處；哪里都不n.無處；任何地方；無名之地注意：當nowhere位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝，且把_______、________、_________提到主語前面eg.NowhereelsecouldMarygoexceptthispark.助動詞情態(tài)動詞be動詞翻譯句子1.Thejobdoesn’tpayanywherenearenoughforme.2.Mywatchisnowheretobefound.AssesingYourProgressQiMinYaoShu(《齊民要術》)isacomprehensiveagriculturalbookwrittenbyJiaSixie(賈思勰),anoutstandingChineseagronomistintheNorthernWeiDynasty,andoneoftheearliestmonographsinthehistoryofagronomyintheworld.ItisthemostcompleteagriculturalbookinChina.1.Readandcompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.Thenanswerthequestions.JiaSixiewasagovernmentofficialfromShandongProvincewhoconductedalotofagriculturalresearchinthesixthcentury.Inhistravels,heobservedthatsomefarmershadmuchbetter______thanothers,sohedecidedtoinvestigatethebestwaysof__________goodharvests.Afterretiring,hewroteabook,QiMinYaoShu,which___________________soundadviceandpracticesforpeopledoingagriculturalwork.Inonepieceofadvice,______________,hetoldfarmers