2022年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解（53張）

答題技巧題型一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題的考查主要是針對(duì)文中某個(gè)句、某段或某個(gè)事實(shí)進(jìn)行提問。其設(shè)題方式多種多樣，概括起來有兩大類，即：1.直接理解題，主要是4個(gè)w和一個(gè)H，即what,when,where,why和how。2.語義轉(zhuǎn)換題，主要是通過改變題干的敘述方式，要求考生迅速識(shí)別原文的信息，準(zhǔn)確作答。這類題的答題要領(lǐng)如下：技巧1：關(guān)鍵詞定位法題干中的關(guān)鍵詞往往是要找的答案的同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等信息詞。技巧2：句子定位法根據(jù)問題或圖片，從原文直接找到對(duì)應(yīng)的句子。技巧3：信息歸納法對(duì)于不能從原文中直接找出答案的，可在把握全文內(nèi)容的前提下，進(jìn)行信息歸納。53.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.CatsstartedtomovearoundtheworldfromChina.B.Catsgetfoodatnighttosaveenergylikewildcats.C.Catshavealittleincommonwiththeirwildcats.

D.CatswereacceptedandbroughttoEuropebyRomans.......CatsfirststartedtolivearoundpeopleinEgyptabout6,000~7,000yearsago.FromEgypt,catsstartedtomovearoundtheworld.ThisisaboutthesametimethatEgyptiansbeganstoringgraininbuildings.Scientistsusedtobelievethatpeopletamedcatstocatchmiceandprotectthegrain.However,catsdon’tliketobetoldwhattodo!......

SooncatswereinGreece,thentheMiddleEastandChina.TheymovedalongEgyptianbusinessroadskeepingawaymiceandkeepingpeoplearoundthem.

AftertheRomanscametoEgypt,theyalsoacceptedthecatsandbroughtthemtoEurope.Thesecatlikelybred(繁殖）withothercatstoformthemanykindsofhousecatswehavetoday.Catsarerelativelyrecenthouseanimals.Housecatsstillhavealotincommonwiththeirwildrelatives.

Catssleepalottosaveenergyjustlikewildcats.Theywilloftengetfoodatnightaswell.......

答題技巧題型二、推理判斷題推理判斷題要求根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息，推斷出未知的信息，推理不是憑空猜測(cè)，是在已知信息的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)未知的內(nèi)容做出陳述。此類題的題干中不會(huì)出現(xiàn)與原文完全相同的內(nèi)容。做好這類題的方法是：第一步：定位，即定位段落，進(jìn)行目標(biāo)閱讀。第二步：詳讀，即在了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行深層把握。第三步：推理，要立足語篇，據(jù)實(shí)推理。答題技巧（2015河南）THEFORKSMARKET

TheForksMarketoffersmanydifferentkindsofspecialsouvenirs.Downstairs,shoppersmaybuyfreshfoodandfruits.Intheupstairs,shopperswillfindartworks.Openyear-round.Tel:204-942-6302

60.Whereistextmostprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Apicturebook.C.Ahistorybook.D.Asciencebook.MANITOBALEGISLATIVEBUILDINGManitobaLegislativeBuildingwascompletedin1920.manyconsiderittobethefinestinthecountry.Openfroma,m,to8p.m.forself-guidedtours.Guidedtoursareofferedfree.Callformoreinformation.Tel:204-945-5813.mb.ca/mit/legtour/index.htmlAguidebook入門書,指南手冊(cè)

指導(dǎo)書,參考手冊(cè)答題技巧題型三、主旨大意題主旨大意題要求學(xué)生在理解全文大意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)短文做出總結(jié)性或概括性的評(píng)價(jià)。如歸納文章的大意、提取文章的標(biāo)題、說出寫作目的等。解決這類問題的方法有三：技巧1：定位主題句主題句的顯著特點(diǎn)是：所表達(dá)的意思具有明顯的概括性，句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單精煉。主題句一般位于段首或段尾。技巧2：查找關(guān)鍵詞如果文章或段落中找不到主題句，就要找出關(guān)鍵詞（句），然后根據(jù)對(duì)文章的理解歸納概括出文章的中心思想。一般來說，文章中的關(guān)鍵詞常常多次出現(xiàn)，它蘊(yùn)含著文章的中心思想。技巧3：概括總結(jié)法有些文章的主旨大意并不顯現(xiàn)在文章里面，而是需要全文閱讀后進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。50.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？

A.TheWiseKingB.TheNiceFalconsC.TheBestFalconerD.TheFlyingWings.15年閱讀A15年閱讀B14年閱讀B13年閱讀B答題技巧題型四、詞義猜測(cè)題猜測(cè)詞義是指在閱讀過程中根據(jù)對(duì)語篇的信息、邏輯、背景知識(shí)及語言結(jié)構(gòu)等的綜合理解去猜測(cè)或推斷某一生詞、難詞、關(guān)鍵詞的意義。解決這類題的方法是：技巧1：見“形”辨義。即利用構(gòu)詞法來理解詞義。技巧2：望“文”生義。即根據(jù)上下文，利用定義或釋義、

同義詞、反義詞等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。技巧3：拆“句”知義。即分析句子，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯

關(guān)系來理解詞義。答題技巧......CatsfirststartedtolivearoundpeopleinEgyptabout6,000~7,000yearsago.FromEgypt,catsstartedtomovearoundtheworld.ThisisaboutthesametimethatEgyptiansbeganstoringgrain(谷物）inbuildings.Scientistsusedtobelievethatpeopletamedcatstocatchmiceandprotectthegrain.However,catsdon’tliketobetoldwhattodo!Now,scientistsbelievedthatcatsfollowedthemiceandlearnedtoacceptpeople.Finally,someofthecatsbegantogrowcomfortablearoundpeople,theseweresmallercatsthatneededprotection.Asthesecatsandpeoplegotusedtoeachother,thentheymovedintogether.Around5,000yearsago,catsstartedtolivewithpeople.......54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tamed”meaninChinese?A.驅(qū)散B.捕捉C.馴化

D.引進(jìn)【思路點(diǎn)撥】本題可采用望“文”生義。tamed后面的內(nèi)容是“怎么樣讓野貓捕捉老鼠保護(hù)糧食”可見“馴化夜貓捕捉老鼠保護(hù)糧食”更加順理成章。2015答題技巧Wouldyouliketoexperiencewhatgoingtoschoolwaslikeinthelate1800s?Tostartwith,imagineeveryoneinschoolsharingonlyoneclassroom.Inthe19thandearly20thcenturies,mostAmericanstudentswenttoaone-roomschoolhouse.Asingleteacherwouldtypically(典型地)havestudentsinthefirstthrougheighthgrades,andshetaughtthemall.Thenumberofstudents

variedfromsixto40ormore.Theyoungestchildrensatinthefront,whiletheoldeststudentssatintheback.Theteacherusuallytaughtreading,writing,arithmetic,history,andgeography.Studentsmemorized(記憶)andretoldtheirlessons.......1.Whatdoestheword“varied”inParagraphTwomeaninChinese?A.變化B.排列C.調(diào)整D.減少【思路點(diǎn)撥】本題可采用拆“句”知義法。varied后的賓語為fromsixto40ormore。即“從6到40或更多”。前面的主語是Thenumberofstudents“學(xué)生的數(shù)量”，由此我們可判斷，這是學(xué)生的數(shù)量在“變化”。2014答題技巧MomthoughtforawhileandthendecidedtoletJessiegiveitatry.Afterall,shewashomeandwouldkeepaneyeonher.Jessiealreadyknewhowtostartthelawnmowerfromwatchingherdad.Jessiecheckedthegas(汽油)tomakesureitwasfull,andputonhergardeningglovestoprotectherhands.Momwatchedfromthekitchenwindow.Jessiereallydoesknowhowtomowthelawn.Shewasverycarefularoundtheflowersandtrees.Whenshefinished,shefeltsogood,butshewassohot.Mombroughthersomeiceteaandsaid,“Yousuredidagreatjob.Dadwillbeverysurprised.”()47.Whatdoes“keepaneyeon”mean?A.保護(hù)B.注視C.培養(yǎng)D.瞄準(zhǔn)2013【思路點(diǎn)撥】本題可采用望“文”生義法，即根據(jù)上下文的信息來判斷。上文講到Jessie的媽媽決定讓她嘗試，下文又講到Jessie操作割草機(jī)的過程中，她的媽媽透過廚房的窗戶一直觀察（watched)著她，由此可見keepaneyeon應(yīng)該是watch的同義詞。答題技巧題型五、還原句子題英語閱讀中的還原句子題主要考查句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。解決這類題的方法是：⑴閱讀選項(xiàng)，劃出關(guān)鍵詞(名詞、代詞)；⑵仔細(xì)閱讀首段，劃出關(guān)鍵詞(名詞、代詞)；⑶閱讀空格所在的段落，重點(diǎn)是空格前后的句子，劃出句