內(nèi)燃機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)DOC

內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞--------------------------------------------------------------------------------活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(一)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)1往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)Reciprocatingengine2二沖程內(nèi)燃機(jī)Two-strokeengine3四沖程內(nèi)燃機(jī)Four-strokeengine4汽油機(jī)Gasolineengine5頂置氣門汽油機(jī)Overhead-valveengine6側(cè)置氣門汽油機(jī)Side-valvengine7汽油噴射式汽油機(jī)Gasoline-injectionengine8頂置凸輪軸內(nèi)燃機(jī)Overheadcamshaftengine9柴油機(jī)Dieselengine10煤氣機(jī)Gasengine11柴油煤氣機(jī)Gas-Dieselengine12多種燃料內(nèi)燃機(jī)Multi-fuelengine13低轉(zhuǎn)速柴油機(jī)Low-speedDieselengine14中轉(zhuǎn)速柴油機(jī)Medium-speedDieselengine15高轉(zhuǎn)速柴油機(jī)High-speedDieselengine16增壓柴油機(jī)SuperchargedDieselengine17低增壓柴油機(jī)Low-superchargedDieselengine18中增壓柴油機(jī)Medium-superchargedDieselengine19高增壓柴油機(jī)High-superchargedDieselengine20超高增壓柴油機(jī)SuperhighsuperchargedDieselengine21廢氣渦輪增壓柴油機(jī)TurbochargedDieselengine22機(jī)械增壓柴油機(jī)Mechanicalpressure-chargedengine23兩級(jí)增壓柴油機(jī)Twostagesuper-chargedengine24復(fù)合式柴油機(jī)CompoundDieselengine25十字頭式柴油機(jī)CrossheadDieselengine26船用掛機(jī)Outboardengine27水冷內(nèi)燃機(jī)Water-cooledengine28風(fēng)冷內(nèi)燃機(jī)Air-cooledengine29單缸內(nèi)燃機(jī)Single-cylindeenrgine30多缸內(nèi)燃機(jī)Multicylinderengine31臥式內(nèi)燃機(jī)Horizontalengine32立式內(nèi)燃機(jī)Verticalengine33斜置式內(nèi)燃機(jī)34直列式內(nèi)燃機(jī)In-lineengine35對(duì)置氣缸內(nèi)燃機(jī)Opposed-cylinder-typeengine36對(duì)動(dòng)活塞內(nèi)燃機(jī)Opposed-pistonengine37U形內(nèi)燃機(jī)U-pistonengine38V形內(nèi)燃機(jī)V-engine39W形內(nèi)燃機(jī)W-engine40X形內(nèi)燃機(jī)X-engine41星形內(nèi)燃機(jī)Radialengine42▽形內(nèi)燃機(jī)▽-Typeengine43工字形內(nèi)燃機(jī)工-typeengine44王字形內(nèi)燃機(jī)王-typeengine往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(二)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)45氣缸直徑Cylinderbore46活塞行程Stroke47上止點(diǎn)Topdeadcentre48下止點(diǎn)Bottomdeadcentre49行程缸徑比Stroke-borreatio50連桿比Ratiobetweencrankradiusandconnectingrodlength51充量Charge52工質(zhì)Workingmedium53進(jìn)氣行程Suctionstroke54壓縮行程Compressionstroke55膨脹行程Expansionstroke56排氣行程Exhauststroke57換氣-壓縮行程（二沖程）Scavenging-compressionstroke58膨脹-換氣行程（二沖程）Expansion-scavengingstroke59工作循環(huán)Workingcycle60掃氣過(guò)程Scavenging61直流掃氣Uniflowscavenging62回流掃氣Loopscavenging63橫流掃氣Crossscavenging64掃氣泵掃氣Scavengingbyblower65曲軸箱掃氣Crankcasescavenging66活塞底泵掃氣Under-pistonpumpscavenging67進(jìn)氣溫度Intaketemperature68進(jìn)氣壓力Intakepressure69進(jìn)氣渦流Intakeswirl70排氣溫度Exhaust-gastemperature71排氣背壓Backpressure72排氣煙度Exhaustgasopacity73充量系數(shù)Chargingefficiency7474殘余廢氣系數(shù)Residualgasratio75掃氣利用系數(shù)Coefficientofscavenging76掃氣漏失系數(shù)77掃氣系數(shù)Scavengingfactor78壓縮始點(diǎn)壓力Compressionbeginningpressure79壓縮終點(diǎn)壓力Compressionendpressure80壓縮始點(diǎn)溫度Compressionbeginningtemperature81壓縮終點(diǎn)溫度Compressionendtemperature82最高燃燒溫度Maximumcombustiontemperature83膨脹終點(diǎn)溫度Expansionendtemperature84膨脹終點(diǎn)壓力Expansionendpressure85平均壓力增長(zhǎng)率Meanrateofpressureincrease86放熱速率Rateofheatrelease87燃燒速率Burningvelocity88火焰?zhèn)鞑ニ俣萊ateofflamepropagation89表面點(diǎn)火Surfaceignition90放熱規(guī)律Regularityofheatrelease91過(guò)量空氣系數(shù)Excessairfactor92總過(guò)量空氣系數(shù)Totalexcessairfactor93氣缸工作容積Pistonsweptvolume94總排量Enginesweptvolume95壓縮多變指數(shù)Polytropicexponentofcompression96膨脹多變指數(shù)Polytropicexponentofexpansion97最高爆發(fā)壓力Maximumcylinderpressure98壓力升高比Rateofexplosion99初期膨脹比Cut-offrate100后期膨脹比Expansionrate101放熱系數(shù)Coefficientofheatrelease102熱平衡Heatbalance103有效功的熱當(dāng)量Mechanicalequivalentofheat104排氣熱損失Exhaustloss105冷卻熱損失Coolingloss106熱平衡余項(xiàng)損失Heatlossasresidualtermoftheheatbalance107示功圖Indicatordiagram108示功圖豐滿系數(shù)Diagramfactor109掃氣過(guò)量空氣系數(shù)Deliveryratio110空燃比Air-fuerlatio111掃氣效率Scavengingefficiency112低熱值Lowercalorificvalue113空氣利用率Rateofairutilization114熱量利用系數(shù)Coefficientofheatutilization115壓縮比Compressionratio116有效壓縮比Effectivecompressionratio117分子變更系數(shù)118指示功Indicatedwork119平均指示壓力Meanindicatedpressure120指示熱效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121指示熱消耗率Indicatedspecificheatconsumption122工作過(guò)程Workingprocess123壓縮空氣瓶容量124指示燃油消耗率Indicatedspecificfuelconsumption125燃油消耗率Specificfuelconsumption126燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127熱消耗量Heatconsumption128機(jī)油消耗率Specificoilconsumption129機(jī)油消耗量Oilconsumption130空氣消耗量Airconsumption131最低燃油消耗率Minimumspecificfuelconsumption132進(jìn)排氣重疊角Valveoverlap133進(jìn)氣持續(xù)角Intakevalve-openingtime134排氣持續(xù)角Exhaustvalve-openingtime135點(diǎn)火提前角Advanceangleofignition136進(jìn)氣提前角Intakeadvanceangle137進(jìn)氣滯后角Intakeretardangle138排氣提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139排氣滯后角Exhaustretardangle140掃氣持續(xù)角Scavengingport-openingtime141燃燒持續(xù)期Combustionduration142滯燃期Ignitiolnag143顯然期Apparentcombustionperiod144后燃期Afterburning145早燃Preignition146回火B(yǎng)ackfire147爆燃Detonation148工作粗暴Engineroughness149發(fā)火順序Firingorder150正時(shí)Valvetiming往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(三)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)151燃燒過(guò)程Combustionprocess152油膜燃燒Filmcombustion153空間燃燒Spacecombustion154復(fù)合燃燒Compoundcombustion155混合氣形成Mixing156廢氣凈化Exhaustemissioncontrol157霧化Atomization158噴油速率Injectionrate159噴油規(guī)律Characteristicoffueldelivery160噴油持續(xù)角Fuelinjectionperiod161噴油延遲角Fuelinjectionlag162供油提前角Deliverybeginning163噴油提前角Fuelinjectionbeginning164換氣過(guò)程Gasexchangeprocess165配氣相位Valvetiming166殘余廢氣Residualgas167增壓Supercharging168增壓比Pressureratio169氣波增壓Comprexsupercharging170增壓壓力Boostpressure171廢氣渦輪增壓Turbocharging172機(jī)械增壓Mechanicalsupercharging173復(fù)合增壓Twostagesupercharging174定壓增壓Constantpressure175脈沖增壓Pulseturbocharginsgystem176增壓中冷Intercooling177增壓度Degreeofcharging178增壓器出口溫度Superchargeroutlettemperature179脈沖進(jìn)氣Impulsesuction往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(四)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)180時(shí)間-面積值/角度-面積值Timearea181積炭Carbondeposit182結(jié)膠Sticking183敲缸Knock184氣阻Vapourlock185燃燒室面容比Surfacevolumeratio186燃燒室的擠流面積Squisharea187激冷效應(yīng)Quenching188燃料當(dāng)量比Equivalenceratio189L型燃燒室**Sidevalvecombustionchamber190楔形燃燒室**Wedgecombustionchamber191盆型燃燒室**Basintypechamber192F型燃燒室**F-headtypecombustionchamber193半球形燃燒室**Semisphericalcombustionchamber194開(kāi)式燃燒室*Opencombustionchamber195分開(kāi)式燃燒室*Dividedcombustionchamber196半開(kāi)式燃燒室*Semi-dividedcombustionchamber197渦流室燃燒室*Swirlchambertype198預(yù)燃室燃燒室*Precombustionchambertype199直接噴射燃燒室*Directinjectiontypechamber200*主燃燒室Maincombustiontypechamber201*球型燃燒室Sphericalcombustionchamber202*ω型燃燒室ωtypechamber203*盆型燃燒室Dishtypechamber204層狀充氣Stratificehdarging205擠壓渦流Squishswirl206螺旋進(jìn)氣道Spiralport207切向氣道Tangentialport注釋：*指柴油機(jī)燃燒室，**指汽油機(jī)燃燒室。往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(五)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)208功率Power209標(biāo)定功率Ratedhorsepower210有效功率Brakehorsepower211指示功率Indicatedhorsepower212機(jī)械損失功率Mechanicalloss213經(jīng)濟(jì)功率Economichorsepower214極限功率Peakhorsepower215最大功率Maximumhorsepower216單缸功率Horsepowerpercylinder217升功率Specifichorsepower218活塞面積Pistonarea219單位活塞面積功率220儲(chǔ)備功率Reservepower221功率儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)Coefficientofreservepower222平均機(jī)械損失壓力223平均有效壓力Brakemeaneffectivepressure224機(jī)械效率Mechanicalefficiency225有效熱效率Brakethermalefficiency226扭矩Torque227最大扭矩Maximumtorque228扭矩儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)229適應(yīng)性系數(shù)230轉(zhuǎn)速Enginespeed231標(biāo)定轉(zhuǎn)速Ratedspeed232轉(zhuǎn)速儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)233最低空載轉(zhuǎn)速Lowidlingspeed234最低工作穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速235最高空載轉(zhuǎn)速Highidlingspeed236最大扭矩轉(zhuǎn)速M(fèi)aximumtorquespeed237轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)率Speedirregularity238瞬時(shí)調(diào)速率Instantaneousspeedchange239穩(wěn)定調(diào)速率Permanentspeedchange240活塞平均速度Meanpistonspeed241熱負(fù)荷Thermalload242機(jī)械負(fù)荷Mechanicalload243強(qiáng)化系數(shù)244機(jī)油容量Lubricatingoilvolume245冷卻水容量Coolantvolume246冷卻水泵流量Coolantdischarge247機(jī)油泵流量Lubricatingoildischarge248風(fēng)扇流量Coolingairdischarge249穴蝕Cavitation250竄機(jī)油251竄氣252搶氣253嗆油254拉缸Scratch255游車256飛車Runningaway257單位體積功率258比重量Weightperhorsepower259內(nèi)燃機(jī)凈重Netweight260內(nèi)燃機(jī)總重Grossweight往復(fù)活塞式內(nèi)燃機(jī)英語(yǔ)名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)(六)（GB1883）序號(hào)中文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)英文名詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)261標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣狀況Standardatmosphericcondition262環(huán)境溫度Environmentaltemperature263大氣壓力Atmosphericpressure264相對(duì)濕度Relativehumidity265臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)Bedtest266磨合Runningin267性能試驗(yàn)Performancetest268鑒定試驗(yàn)Typetest269出廠試驗(yàn)Examination270耐久性、可靠性試驗(yàn)Reliabilitytest271驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)Acceptancetest272起動(dòng)試驗(yàn)Startingtest273各缸均勻性試驗(yàn)Uniformitytest274內(nèi)燃機(jī)特性Enginecharacteristic275負(fù)荷特性Loadcharacteristic276速度特性Speedcharacteristic277萬(wàn)有特性Universalcharacteristic278調(diào)速特性Governingcharacteristic279調(diào)解特性Reglercharakteristik280突變負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)Loadsuddenremovaltest281轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)率試驗(yàn)Speedirregularitytest282最低工作穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速試驗(yàn)283空載特性試驗(yàn)Idlingcharacteristictest284最低空載轉(zhuǎn)速Lowestidlingspeedtest285熱平衡試驗(yàn)Heatbalancetest286推進(jìn)特性Propulsioncharacteristic287換向試驗(yàn)Reversingtest288停缸試驗(yàn)289停增壓器試驗(yàn)290背壓試驗(yàn)Backpressure291超負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)Overloadtest292增壓器配機(jī)試驗(yàn)Supercharge-enginematchingtest293道路試驗(yàn)Roadtest294牽引試驗(yàn)Tractiontest295配套使用試驗(yàn)Engine-drivenmachinerymatchingtest/article/jczs/2009-06-03/7723.html氣缸體總成Cylinderblockassembly齒輪室部件Timinggearchambersubassembly氣缸蓋及氣缸蓋罩Cylinderhead&itscowlhood活塞及連桿Piston&connectingrod曲軸減振器總成Crankshaftdamperassembly凸輪軸總成Camshaftassembly配氣機(jī)構(gòu)Valvetrain進(jìn)氣管部件Airintakemanifoldsubassembly排氣管組件Exhaustmanifoldsubassembly油底殼總成Oilsumpassembly機(jī)油集濾器Oilstrainer機(jī)油泵Oilpump機(jī)油濾清器Oilfilter機(jī)油冷卻器總成Oilcoolerassembly曲軸箱通風(fēng)裝置Crankcaseventilator供油系管路總成Fuelsupplysystempipelineassembly燃油濾清器總成Fuelfilterassembly噴油泵總成Fuelinjectionpumpassembly噴油器部件Fuelinjectorassembly燃油噴射泵附件總成Fuelinjectionpumpfittingsassembly斷油機(jī)構(gòu)總成Fuelcut-offmechanism增壓器總成Turbochargerassembly放水開(kāi)關(guān)Waterdraincock節(jié)溫器總成Thermostatassembly水泵總成Waterpumpassembly動(dòng)力輸出總成Powertake-offmechanismassembly轉(zhuǎn)向泵總成Steeringpumpassembly氣制動(dòng)空氣壓縮機(jī)Aircompressorforpneumaticbraking發(fā)電機(jī)總成Alternatorassembly起動(dòng)機(jī)Starter儀表、感應(yīng)器總成Meters&sensorsassembly定位套Locatingcollar氣缸體Cylinderblock氣缸套Cylinderliner螺塞Plugscrew碗形塞片Bowl-shapedtabularplug主油道螺塞Plugscrewformainoilgallery凸輪軸襯套ⅠCamshaftbushingI凸輪軸端蓋Camshaftendcover曲軸后油封Crankshaftrearoilseal定位銷Locatingpin墊圈Washer墊圈Washer螺栓Bolt曲軸后油封座Crankshaftrearoilsealseat后油封座墊片Rearoilsealseatgasket主軸承蓋(后)Mainbearingcap(rear)主軸承蓋螺栓Mainbearingcapbolt螺塞Plugscrew止推主軸承蓋Thrustmainbearingcap油標(biāo)尺座孔堵塞Dipstickseatholestop碗形塞片Bowl-shapedtabularplug噴嘴組件Injectorcomponent主軸承蓋Mainbearingcap定位銷Locatingpin惰齒輪襯套Idlergearbush惰輪軸螺栓Idlergearbolt惰齒輪軸Idlergearshaft惰齒輪Idlergear惰齒輪防磨板Idlergearwearplate碗形塞片Bowl-shapedtabularplug凸輪軸襯套ⅡCamshaftbushingⅡ齒輪室蓋板墊片Gearchambercoverplategasket齒輪室蓋板Gearchambercoverplate齒輪室墊片Gearchambergasket螺栓Bolt齒輪室Gearchamber張緊輪墊塊Tensionerpad噴油泵齒輪蓋墊片F(xiàn)uelinjectionpumpgearcoverwasher固定芯軸Fixedpivot支架焊接件Weldedbracket調(diào)節(jié)螺栓Adjustingbolt墊圈Washer張緊皮帶輪組件Idlerassembly墊圈Washer螺栓Bolt噴油泵齒輪蓋Fuelinjectionpumpgearcover螺栓Bolt墊圈Washer墊圈Washer螺栓Bolt上止點(diǎn)指針TDCpointer螺栓Bolt曲軸前油封Crankshaftfrontoilseal加機(jī)油口Oilfiller螺栓Bolt空壓泵惰齒輪座Idlergearseat惰齒輪襯套Idlergearbush空壓泵惰齒輪Idlergear惰齒輪減磨板Idlergearwearplate螺母Nut螺釘Screw復(fù)合式密封墊圈Compositesealwasher惰齒輪座螺栓Idlergearseatbolt氣缸蓋及氣缸蓋罩總成Cylinderheadandcylinderheadcowlhoodassembly前起吊環(huán)焊接件Weldedfronthoistingeye螺栓Bolt螺栓Bolt氣缸蓋罩焊接件Weldedcylinderheadcowlhood密封圈Sealring氣缸蓋罩墊片Cylinderheadcowlhoodgasket氣門導(dǎo)管Valveguide后起吊環(huán)Rearhoistingeye碗形塞片Bowl-shapedtabularplug排氣門座圈Exhaustvalveseat進(jìn)氣門座圈Intakevalveseat氣缸蓋墊片Cylinderheadgasket氣缸蓋Cylinderhead碗形塞片Bowl-shapedtabularplug氣缸蓋螺栓(長(zhǎng))Cylinderheadbolt(long)氣缸蓋螺栓(短)Cylinderheadbolt(short)墊板Stayplate活塞及連桿Pistonandconnectingrod氣環(huán)Compressionring刮油環(huán)Oilring油環(huán)部件Oilringcomponent活塞Piston活塞銷Pistonpin擋圈45Retainingring45連桿襯套Connectingrodbushing連桿體Connectingrodshank連桿軸瓦Connectingrodbearingshell連桿蓋Connectingrodcap定位套Locatingsleeve連桿螺栓Cnnectingbolt發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)engine內(nèi)燃機(jī)intenalcombusitonengine動(dòng)力機(jī)裝置powerunit汽油機(jī)gasolineengine汽油噴射式汽油機(jī)gasoline-injectionengine火花點(diǎn)火式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)sparkignitionengine壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)compressionignitionengine往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)reciprocatinginternalcombustionengine化油器式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)wcarburetorengine柴油機(jī)dieselengine轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)drotaryengine旋輪線轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)hrotarytrochoidalengine二沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)two-strokeengine四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)four-strokeengine直接噴射式柴油機(jī)directinjectionengine間接噴射式柴油機(jī)indirectinjectionengine增壓式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)wsuperchargedengine風(fēng)冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)air-cooledengine油冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)oil-cooledengine水冷式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)water-cooledengine自然進(jìn)氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Wnaturallyaspiratedengine煤氣機(jī)Cgasengine液化石油氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)liquifiedpetroleumgasengine柴油煤氣機(jī)Odieselgasengine多種燃料發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)gmultifuelengine石油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Fhydrocarbonengine雙燃料發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Sduelfuelengine熱球式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)vhotbulbengine多氣缸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)smultiplecylinderengine對(duì)置活塞發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)opposedpistonengine對(duì)置氣缸式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)opposed-cylinderengine十字頭型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)crossheadengine直列式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)in-lineengine星型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)radialengine筒狀活塞發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)trunk-pistonengine斯特林發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)stirlingengine套閥式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)knightengine氣孔掃氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)port-scavengedengine傾斜式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Sslantengine前置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Rfront-engine后置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)rear-engine中置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)centralengine左側(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)left-handengine右側(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)right-handengine短沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)oversquareengine長(zhǎng)沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)undersquareengine等徑程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)squareengine頂置凸輪軸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)overheadcamshaftengine雙頂置凸輪軸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)vdualoverheadcamshaftengine形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)V-engine頂置氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)zvalvein-headengine側(cè)置氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)sidevalveengine無(wú)氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Pvalvelessengine多氣門發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)multi-valveengine臥式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)qhorizontalengine斜置式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)oinclinedengine立式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)MverticalengineW形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)w-engineI形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)I-engineL形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)L-engineF形發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)F-engine性能performance二沖程循環(huán)two-strokecycle四沖程循環(huán)four-strokecycle狄塞爾循環(huán)dieselcycle奧托循環(huán)ottocycle混合循環(huán)mixedcycle定容循環(huán)constantvolumecycle工作循環(huán)workingcycle等壓循環(huán)constantpressurecycle理想循環(huán)idealcycle熱力循環(huán)thermodynamiccycle沖程stroke活塞行程pistonstroke長(zhǎng)行程longstroke上行程upstroke下行程downstroke進(jìn)氣行程intakestroke充氣行程chargingstroke壓縮行程compressionstroke爆炸行程explosionstroke膨脹行程expansionstroke動(dòng)力行程powerstroke排氣行程exhauststroke膨脹換氣行程expansion-exchangestroke換氣壓縮行程exchange-compressionstroke止點(diǎn)deadcenter上止點(diǎn)topdeadcenter(upperdeadcenter)下止點(diǎn)lowerdeadcenter(bottomdeadcenter)上止點(diǎn)前budc(beforeupperdeadcenter)上止點(diǎn)后atdc(aftertopdeadcetner)下止點(diǎn)前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter)下止點(diǎn)后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)缸徑cylinderbore缸徑與行程boreandstroke空氣室energychamber氣缸余隙容積cylinderclearancevolume燃燒室容積combustionchambervolume氣缸最大容積maximumcylindervolume壓縮室compressionchamber排氣量displacement發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排量enginedisplacement活塞排量pistonsweptvolume氣缸容量cylindercapacity單室容量single-chambercapacity容積法volumetry壓縮比compressionratio臨界壓縮比criticalcompressionratio膨脹比expansionratio面容比surfacetovolumeratio行程缸徑比stroke-boreratio混合比mixtureratio壓縮壓力compressionpressure制動(dòng)平均有效壓力brakemeaneffectivepressure(bmep)空燃比airfuelratio燃空比f(wàn)uelairratio燃料當(dāng)量比f(wàn)uelequivalenceratio扭矩torque單缸功率powerpercylinder升功率powerperliter升扭矩torqueperliter升質(zhì)量massperliter減額功率deratingpower輸出馬力shafthorsepower馬力小時(shí)，馬力時(shí)horsepower-hour總馬力grosshorsepower總功率grosspower凈功率netpower燃油消耗量fuelconsumption比燃料消耗率specificfuelconsumption空氣消耗率airconsumption機(jī)油消耗量oilconsumption有效馬力nethorsepower額定馬力ratedhorsepower馬力重量系數(shù)horsepower-weightfactor制動(dòng)功率brakehorsepower制動(dòng)熱效率brakethermalefficiency總效率overallefficiency排煙極限功率smokelimitinghorsepower功率曲線powercurve機(jī)械損失mechanicalloss機(jī)械效率mechanicalefficiency有效熱效率effectivethermalefficiency充氣系數(shù)volumetricefficiency過(guò)量空氣系數(shù)coefficientofexcessair適應(yīng)性系數(shù)adaptivecoefficient扭矩適應(yīng)性系數(shù)coefficientoftorqueadaptibility轉(zhuǎn)速適應(yīng)性系數(shù)speedadaptivecoefficient強(qiáng)化系數(shù)coefficientofintensification校正系數(shù)correctionfactor換算系數(shù)conversionfactor活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速enginespeed(rotationalfrequency)怠速轉(zhuǎn)速idlingspeed經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速economicspeed起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)速startingspeed最低穩(wěn)定工作轉(zhuǎn)速lowestcontinuousspeedwithload最大扭矩轉(zhuǎn)速speedatmaximumtorque最高空轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速maximumnoloadgovernedspeed調(diào)速speedgoverning超速overspeed怠速tidling轉(zhuǎn)速波動(dòng)率speedfluctuationrate工況workingcondition(operatingmode)額定工況declaredworkingcondition變工況variableworkingcondition穩(wěn)定工況steadyworkingcondition.空載no-load全負(fù)荷fullload超負(fù)荷overload部分負(fù)荷partload充量（進(jìn)氣）charge旋轉(zhuǎn)方向directionofrotation順時(shí)針clockwise逆時(shí)針counter-clockwise左轉(zhuǎn)left-handrotation右轉(zhuǎn)right-handrotation外徑majordiameter中徑pitchdiameter內(nèi)徑minordiameter徑向間隙radialclearance發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能engineperformance加載性能loadingperformance起動(dòng)性能startingperformance加速性能accelerationperformance動(dòng)力性能powerperformance排放性能pemissionperformance空轉(zhuǎn)特性noloadcharacteristics負(fù)荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics調(diào)速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics萬(wàn)有特性mappingcharacteristics穩(wěn)定調(diào)速率steadystatespeedgoverningrate氣缸體和氣缸蓋cylinderblockandhead氣缸體cylinderblock整體鑄造castinblock(castenblock)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)罩enginebonnet氣缸體加強(qiáng)筋engineblockstiffeningrib氣缸cylinder（轉(zhuǎn)子機(jī)）缸體stator缸徑cylinderbore氣缸體機(jī)架cylinderblockframe氣缸蓋cylinderhead配氣機(jī)構(gòu)箱valvemechanismcasing氣缸體隔片cylinderspacer氣缸蓋密封環(huán)cylinderheadringgasket氣缸蓋墊片cylinderheadgasket氣缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve)干式缸套drycylinderliner濕式缸套wetcylinderliner氣缸水套waterjacket膨脹塞expansionplug防凍塞Pfreezeplug氣缸壁cylinderwall環(huán)脊ringridge排氣口exhaustport中間隔板intermediatebottum導(dǎo)板guideway創(chuàng)成半徑（轉(zhuǎn)子機(jī)）generatingradius缸體寬度（轉(zhuǎn)子機(jī)）operatingwidth機(jī)柱column燃燒室combustionchamber主燃燒室maincombustionchamber副燃燒室subsidiarycombustionchamber預(yù)燃室prechamber渦流燃燒室swirlcombustionchamber分開(kāi)式燃燒室dividedcombustionchamber渦流式燃燒室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃燒室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃燒室bathtubsectioncombustionchamberL形燃燒室L-combustionchamber楔形燃燒室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber開(kāi)式燃燒室opencombustionchamber封閉噴射室closedspraychamber活塞頂內(nèi)燃燒室pistonchamber爆發(fā)室explosionchamber燃燒室容積比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber燃燒室口徑比surface-volumeratioofcombustionchamber通道面積比arearatioofcombustionchamberpassage曲軸箱通氣口crankcasebreather凸輪軸軸承座camshaftbearingbushseat定時(shí)齒輪室罩camshaftdrive(gear)cover曲軸箱檢查孔蓋crankcasedoor曲軸箱防爆門crankcaseexplosionproofdoor主軸承蓋mainbearingcap氣缸蓋罩valvemechanismcover飛輪殼flywheelcover掃氣儲(chǔ)器scavengingairreceiver活塞piston裙部開(kāi)槽活塞splitskirtpistonU形槽活塞U-slotpiston滾花修復(fù)活塞knurledpiston圓頂活塞domeheadpiston平頂活塞flatheadpiston凸頂活塞crownheadpiston(convexheadpiston)凹頂活塞concaveheadpiston階梯頂活塞step-headpiston筒形活塞trunkpiston橢圓形活塞ovalpiston抗熱變形活塞autothermicpiston不變間隙活塞constantclearancepiston鑲因瓦鋼片活塞)invarstrutpiston直接冷卻式活塞direct-cooledpiston間接冷卻式活塞indirectcooledpiston滑裙活塞slipperpiston活塞速度pistonspeed活塞頂部pistonhead活塞裙部pistonskirt整體活塞裙solidskirt活塞裙擴(kuò)大襯簧pistonskirtexpander滑履式活塞裙slipperskirt隔熱槽heatdam活塞標(biāo)記pistonmark活塞銷pistonpin活塞銷孔pistonpinboss活塞銷襯套pistonpinbushing全浮式活塞銷full-floatingpistonpin半浮式活塞銷semifloatingpistonpin固定螺釘式活塞銷setscrewpistonpin活塞環(huán)pistonring組合式活塞環(huán)compoundpistonring同心活塞環(huán)concentricpistonring偏心活塞環(huán)eccentricpistonring自由環(huán)freering閉合環(huán)closedring梯形環(huán)keystonering半梯形環(huán)halfkeystonering矩形環(huán)rectangularring油環(huán)oilcontrolring開(kāi)槽油環(huán)slottedoilco