2022年高一年級上冊期末模擬預(yù)測卷（上海卷）02-英語（全解全析）

2022年高一上學(xué)期期末模擬預(yù)測卷02【上海卷】

英語試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡

皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.5:55.B.6:15.C.6:45.D.6:30

【答案】D

【原文】

M:Wereyoulateforthemusical?

W:Yes.Igottothetheatreat6:45.Ithadbeenonfor15minutes.

Q:Whendidthemusicalstart?

2.A.Ataconveniencestore.B.Atacinema.C.Atarailwaystation.D.Atahospital.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Excuseme,didanybodyfindablackumbrellaafterthelastshow?Ileftitundermychair.

W:Asamatteroffact,wedid.Pleasecheckitattheticketoffice.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

3.A.Fromthenewspaper.B.FromtheInternet.

C.Fromwildlifeprotectiongroups.D.Fromthegovernmentofficials.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Haveyoureadtoday'snewspaper?Itsaysthegovernmenthasdecidedtotakemeasurestoprotectthewildlife?

M:1learneditfromtheInternet.

Q:Howdidthewomanlearnthenews?

4.A.Helefthiscellphoneathome.B.Hewaslateforthemeeting.

C.Hewasinahurrytogobackhome.D.Hedidn'treadthemessagewhilerunning.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Whydidn'tyouansweranyofmytextsorcallme?

M:Iforgotmycellphone.Iwasrunningalittlelate,soIdidn'twanttogobackforit.

Q:Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?

5.A.Theboy'sexaminationscore.

B.Theboy'slifegoalsinthefuture.

C.Theboy'sperformanceinabasketballgame.

D.Parents5expectationonchild'sacademicperformance.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Mum,wewonthebasketballgameatlast.Iscored10goals.

W:Great!Yourdadwillbeproudofyou.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

6.A.Themanhadsupposedthewomantobelate.

B.Stacydidn'ttakethetrafficintoconsideration.

C.Stacydidn'tadmitbeinglatefortheappointment.

D.Thewomanwasalittlebitlatefortheappointment.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Stacy,you'rereallylate!Andthatisn'tacceptableatall.

W:I'msosorry.HowwasIsupposedtoknowthatIwasgoingtogetstuckinatrafficjam?

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

7.A.ShewatchedaTVshowuntilmidnight.B.Shewastryinganewdiet.

C.Shedidtoomuchphysicalexercise.D.Shewashavingafever.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:What'swrongwithyou?Youlooksotired.

W:IsawaTVshowaboutanewdiet.SoI'mtryingit.I'mhungryandsweatingallthetime.

Q:Whydidthewomanlooktired?

8.A.Themanshouldbuyadifferentmealticketeverymonth.

B.Buyingthemealticketwon'tsavethemananymoney.

C.Itisbetterforthemantopayforeachmealseparately.

D.Thepriceofamealmayvaryfrommonthtomonth.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Woulditbebettertobuyamonthlymealticket,orpayforeachmealseparately?

W:Whatdifferencedoesitmake,sincethepricepermealisthesameeitherway?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

9.A.Ticketsellerandaudience.B.Managerandsecretary.

C.Librarianandreader.D.Receptionistandcustomer.

【答案】D

【原文】

W:Theremustbesomemistake.Ibookedanon-smokingroom,butIcansmellsmokeintheroom.

M:I'msorry,ma'am.Ournon-smokingroomsarefullybooked,butwe'llupgradeyoutoanexecutivesuite.Isit

OK?

Q:Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

10.A.Shemissedthetelevisionprogrambecauseofpowerfailure.

B.Shedoesn'tthinkthetelevisionprogramwasfunny.

C.Shedoesn'tliketalkingabouttelevisionprograms.

D.Shewatchedthetelevisionprogramatafriend^house.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:DidyouwatchthatcomedyspecialonTVlastnight?Idon'tthinkIeverlaughedsohard.

W:Don'teventalktomeaboutit.TheonlynightIreallywantedtowatchsomethingandwehadapowerfailure

inmybuilding.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Apupilinneedofhelp.B.AteacherintheSemiraRegion.

C.Amemberfromacharity.D.Apersonwillingtodonatemoney.

12.A.10%.B.35%.C.50%.D.65%.

13.A.Totrainteachersforthedisabled.B.Tohelpapupilwithspecialneeds.

C.Topayforawalkingholiday.D.Toorganizeaneducationclub.

【答案】U.C12.D13.B

【原文】

Goodmorning.TmverypleasedtohavebeeninvitedtoyourclubtotalkaboutourCharitySponsored

WalkingHolidaysforEducationAid.Firstofall,letmeexplainwhatwemeanby“sponsored”here.Thisiswhere

peoplepromisetodonatemoneytothecharityifyouachieveyourgoal,inthiscase,towalkacertainnumberof

miles.

Basicallyweareorganizingaten-dayholiday,witheightdaysactualwalkingintheSemiraMountains.

Lefshavealookatsomeofthedetails.Werequireyoutoraisesponsorshipmoneyofatleast$3,200.About

thirty-fivepercentwillgoonyourexpensesandthat12.leavessixty-fivepercenttogotothecharity,whichbrings

metothemostimportantpart.ThislongwalkisbeingspecificallyorganizedtohelpeducationintheSemira

region.Lastyearwehelpedtrainteachersforthedisabled,and13.thisyearwearefocusingonthepupils.Eachof

thewalkers'sponsorshipmoneywillbeusedtohelpanindividualspecialneedspupilinoneofthemountain

schools.

Questions:

11.Whoisgivingthespeech?

12.Howmuchofthesponsorshipmoneygoestocharity?

13.Whatwillthesponsorshipmoneyofeachwalkerbeusedtodothisyear?

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Theylearnsinginganddancing.B.Theyattendoutdoormusicfestivals.

C.Theyworkonthefarmforcharity.D.Theyvolunteertoworkforothers.

15.A.Onthebeach.B.Inapark.C.Onafarm.D.Inastadium.

16.A.Itisrunonaprofit-makingbasis.B.Ithasachievedgrowingsuccess.

C.Fanscanhavefreelunchthere.D.Onlysuperstarsareinvitedtoperform.

【答案】14.B15.C16.B

【原文】

What'syourideaofagoodtime?Whataboutdancinginarainyfieldwithonehundredandfiftythousand

otherpeoplewhileafamousrockbandplaysonastagesofarawaythattheperformerslooklikeants?

ItmaysoundstrangebutthatiswhatmanyhundredsofthousandsofyoungpeopleintheUKdoevery

summer.Why?Becausesummeristhetimeforoutdoormusicfestivals.

Heldonafarm,theGlastonburyFestivalisthemostwell-knownandpopularfestivalintheUK.Itbeganin

1970andthefirstfestivalwasattendedbyonethousandfivehundredpeopleeachpayinganadmissionpriceof1

pound-theticketincludedfreemilkfromthefarm.SincethentheGlastonburyFestivalhasgonefromstrength

tostrength-in2004onehundredandfiftythousandfansattended,paying112poundeachforatickettothe

ihree-dayevent.Ticketsfortheeventsoldoutwithinthreehours.Performersincludedsuperstarsaswellasnew

talent.

Althoughmanysummerfestivalsarerunonaprofit-makingbasis,Glastonburyisacharityevent,donating

millionsofpoundstolocalandinternationalcharities.

Questions:

14.WhatdothousandsofyoungpeopleintheUKdoeverysummeraccordingtothepassage?

15.WhereistheGlastonburyFestivalheldeveryyear?

16.WhichofthestatementsistrueaboutTheGlastonburyFestivalaccordingtothepassage?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Sheisachef.B.Sheisanurseassistant.

C.Sheisamedicaltranscriptionist.D.Sheisahousewife.

18.A.Listeningtotheconversationbetweenthedoctorandpatients.

B.Writingdownthemedicalreportonthecomputer.

C.Findingtheproblemsinthemedicaltreatment.

D.Helpingthedoctortotakecareofpatients.

19.A.Shegetspaideverytwoweeks.

B.Shecanexplainittoherson.

C.Shecanlearnfromdifferentmedicalcases.

D.Shecanbalanceworkwithdomesticduties.

20.A.Heregardsthejobmeaninglessandlooksdownuponit.

B.Heinsiststhatitshouldbedonebythedoctorhimself.

C.Heisproudofhismotherandunderstandsherchoice.

D.Hefeelssorrythatitisnotpaidaswellashisfather^job.

【答案】17.C18.B19.D20.C

【原文】

M:Mom,myteacherwantsustotelltheclassaboutwhereourparentswork.

W:Whatwillyoutellthemaboutyourparents?

M:Iwilltellthemthatmydadisachefandcooksinanicerestaurant.ButIdon'tknowaboutyoubecauseI'm

notsurewhereyouwork.

W:Iworkfromhome.

M:Whatkindofworkdoyoudofromhome?

W:Iamamedicaltranscriptionist.

M:Whatdoesthatmean?

W:ItmeansthatIlistentoadoctortalkingaboutamedicalreportandthenIwriteitdownforthedoctor.This

waydoctorshavesomethingtolookatthenexttimetheyseetheirpatients.

M:Whydoesn'tthedoctorwriteitdownhimself?

W:Doctorsareverybusywithpatientsanddon'thavetimetowriteeverythingdown.

M:Youdoallofthishereathome?

W:Yes,Ireceivethetapesfromthedoctorandthen1writethereportsdownonourcomputer.

M:DoyougetpaidlikeDaddoesathisjob?

W:Yes,Igetapaycheckformyworkeverytwoweeks.Thepayisgoodactually.Moneyisn'tastightasitusedto

be.

M:Whydoyouwanttoworkathome?

W:Formanyreasonsactually,butaboveall,JneedflexibleworkinghourstomakesureI'mabletotakecareof

myfamily.

M:Now1understandandcanexplainittomyclass.Tmproudofyou,Mom!Iloveyou!

Questions:

17.What'sthewoman?

18.Whatdoesthejobinvolve?

18.Whydoesthewomanchoosethisjob?

20.Whatdoesthesonthinkofhismother\job?

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

ClassicgardensofSuzhou

Fineworksofartandarchitectureformanimportantpartofourculturalheritage.Fortunately,someofthese

culturalsites2J(preserve)wellsincetheywereunearthed.

Chinesegardendesign,22seekstorecreateminiaturenaturallandscapes,couldn'tbeanybetter

illustratedthanintheninegardensinthehistoriccityofSuzhou,Jiangsuprovince.Suzhou'sclassicalgardens,

23buildingsandlandscapearecoupledtogether,createaharmoniousunionbetweenmanandnature.

TheclassicalgardensofSuzhouaretheunificationofhousesandgardens,andtheyweremeanttobe

appreciatedandlivedinaswell.Athicklypopulatedcity24Suzhouoftenlacksrichnaturalscenery,

andthatiswhysuchtypicalarchitectureshouldbefoundinthecity.25(improve)theirliving

conditions,certainindividualsinSuzhouwouldattempttocreateharmonyintheirlivingenvironmentby

constructingtheirhomestogetherwithnature.

FoundedintheSongDynasty,CanglangPavilionhas26(long)historyamongalloftheexisting

classicalgardensofSuzhou.Naturallywelldesigned,it27(call)oneofthefourbestgardensin

Suzhou.28otherthreeareLionGroveGarden,theHumbleAdministrator'sGardenandLingering

Garden.ThemasterfullydesignedCanglangPavilionlookssimplebutelegant.Withoutfancydecorations,it

combinesbuildingswithscenerysoperfectlyandprofoundly29thewholegardenappearstohave

beenformednaturally.

Suzhou'sclassicalgardensholdhighvalueforthestudyofChineselandscapegardening,architecture,

culture,aesthetics(美學(xué))andphilosophy.AllnineofSuzhou'smostfamousclassicalgardens30

(add)totheWorldHeritageListbyUNESCOin1997.

【參考答案】

21.havebeenpreserved22.which23.where24.like25.Toimprove

26.thelongest27.iscalled28.The29.that30.wereadded

【語篇解讀】

這是一篇說明文。介紹了蘇州的古典園林。

【詳情解析】

21.[havebeenpreserved]考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這些文化遺址中的一些自發(fā)現(xiàn)以來就得到

了保存?？仗帪橹骶渲^語動詞，preserve和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)時間狀語sincetheywereunearthed

可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。主語為復(fù)數(shù)，主謂一致，故填havebeenpreserved。

22.[which]考查定語從句。句意：中國的園林設(shè)沖試圖再現(xiàn)微型自然景觀，這一點(diǎn)在江蘇省歷史名城蘇

州的九座園林中表現(xiàn)得再好不過了。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Chinesegarden

design,從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which。

23.[where]考查定語從句。句意：蘇州的古典園林，建筑和景觀結(jié)合在一起，創(chuàng)造了人與自然的和諧結(jié)

合。分析可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Suzhou，sclassicalgardens,關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)

從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“在那里故填where。

24.【like】考查介詞。句意：像蘇州這樣人口稠密的城市往往缺乏豐富的自然風(fēng)光，這就是為什么在這個

城市中會找到這樣典型的建筑。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞like和Suzhou構(gòu)成介詞短語，作后置定

語。故填like。

25.[Toimprove]考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了改善他們的生活條件，蘇州的某些人會試圖通過與自然一

起建造家園來創(chuàng)造生活環(huán)境的和諧。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示“為了句

首字母大寫，故填Toimproveo

26.[thelongest）考查形容詞最高級。句意：滄浪亭始建于宋代，是蘇州現(xiàn)存所有古典園林中歷史最悠久

的。根據(jù)句意和后文amongalloftheexistingclassicalgardensofSuzhou可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級

作定語，修飾名詞，表示“歷史最悠久的“。故填thelongest。

27.[iscalled）考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：自然設(shè)計精良，它（滄浪亭）被稱為蘇州四大園林之一。

謂語動詞call和主語it之間是被動關(guān)系，此處描述客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。主謂一致，

故填iscalledo

28.[The]考查冠詞。句意：另外三個是獅子林花園、拙政園和留園。根據(jù)前文句意可知，此處特指“另

外的三個園林”，應(yīng)用定冠詞限定。故填The。

29.[that]考查固定句型。句意：沒有花哨的裝飾，它將建筑與風(fēng)景完美而深刻地結(jié)合在一起，整個花園

看起來是自然形成的。根據(jù)句意和前文so可知，此處應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，so…that…”如此……

以至于……”是固定句型。故填that。

30.【wereadded】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：1997年，蘇州最著名的九座古典園林全部被聯(lián)合國教科文組織

列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。謂語動詞add和主語之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)時間狀語in1997可知，應(yīng)用一般過去

時的被動語態(tài)。主語為復(fù)數(shù)，主謂一致，故填wereadded。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonly

once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

TheKingandtheRoyalTrees

A.handsomeB.helplesslyC.asleepD.observedE.removeF.freezinglyG.damageH.

contentI.aweJ.pickK.provided

TheKinghadafrightfuldream.HedreamtthatwhileridinghishorsethroughtheRoyalForest,thesouth

windcalled:"Mindthefallingtees!Mindthefallingtrees!^Thoughthetreeswerebeautifulandwavedgentlyin

thewind,theKingwasin31.Heturnedhishorseanddashedoutoftheforest.

ThenextmorningtheKingorderedhispeopletocutdownallthetreesinthekingdom.“Wedonotwantthe

treestofalldownandhurtourchildren,hereasoned.€4Wewill32theforestandgrowvegetables

instead.”

ThepeoplelikedtheKing'sidea,fbrnowtheyhadtheir33ofthefinestwoodintheforesttobuild

housesandfurniture.Andtherestofthetreesweresoldat34pricestoneighboringkingdoms.

Onceallofthetreeswerecutdown,theKingfelt35-andrelieved.Butthepeopleweregloomy.

Theymissedthetrees,whichhad36workforloggersandcarpenters,andhomesforbirds.Although

theysadlymissedtheirwork,theymissedthebirdsmostofall.

Soonafterthetreesweregone,adrysouthwindbegantoblow.Itblewdayafterday.Thevegetablecrops

begantowitheranddie.Peoplehuddled（蜷縮）37intheirhouseswatchingthewinduproottheir

gardensandscatterthedeadplantsacrosstheland.

TheKingwasworried.Hecalledforhishorseandrodethroughthefieldstoinspectthe38There

werenomoretreestobreakthefuryofthewind.Asthewindblewfaster,itsweptwitheredplantsandsoilpast

theKing,who39dumblyashiskingdomblewnorthward.

Lostincloudsofdustanddriftingsand,fatigueovercametheKing.Nodding_____40_____inthesaddle（馬

鞍）,heheardthesouthwindcall:"Mindthefallingtrees!Mindthefallingtees!"

【參考答案】

31.I32.E33.J34.A35.H36.K37.F38.G39.D40.B

【語篇解讀】

本文是一篇寓言故事。文章主要講述了一個國王做了個噩夢，夢里南風(fēng)讓他小心倒下的樹，于是醒來

后的國王下令整個王國都將樹木砍掉。最后，國王心安了，可是他的王國也一片荒涼。

【詳情解析】

31.【I】考查名詞。句意：盡管這些樹很漂亮，在風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳，國王還是害怕不已。分析句子成分可知，

空處為名詞形式；再根據(jù)下文“Heturnedhishorseanddashedoutoftheforest.“可知，國王很害怕。awe,

名詞，意為“敬畏、害怕”，符合句意。故選I。

32.[E]考查謂語動詞。句意；我們將把森林砍倒，種蔬菜。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為本句謂語動詞，

和grow形式一致，為動詞原形；再根據(jù)下文“growvegetablesinstead.”可知，是把樹砍倒，種蔬菜。remove,

動詞，意為“去除、砍倒”，符合句意。故選E。

33.[J]考查名詞。句意：人們喜歡國王的主意，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在他們可以在森林里挑選最好的木材來建造房屋

和家具。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞；再根據(jù)下文的“thefinestwoodinthefbresttobuildhousesand

furniture.”可知，人們喜歡國王的主意是因?yàn)榭梢宰杂商暨x最好的木材。pick,名詞，意為“挑選”，符合

句意。故選J。

34.[A]考查形容詞。句意：其余的樹都以客觀的價格賣給了鄰國。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞。

根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，人們喜歡國王的這一主意，所以賣給鄰國的價錢不會低。handsome,形容詞，意為

“可觀的、英俊的“，符合句意。故選A。

35.【H】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)所有的樹都被砍倒后，國王感到很滿足，也松了?口氣。分析句子成分可

知，空處為形容詞擔(dān)當(dāng)表語。根據(jù)下文的“relieved”可知，空處意思大概相同，指的是國王的心情。content,

形容詞，意為“滿足的”，符合句意。故選H。

36.[K]考查動詞。句意：他們想念樹木，樹木為伐木工和木匠提供了工作，為鳥類提供了家園。分析句

子成分可知，空處為本句謂語動詞；根據(jù)空后的賓語“workfbrloggersandcarpenters”可知，空處指的是“提

供“。provided,動詞的過去分詞，與had搭配，構(gòu)成過去完成時；意為“提供”，符合句意。故選K。

37.[F]考查副詞。句意：人們凍得蜷縮在家里，看著風(fēng)把花園連根拔起，把枯死的植物吹得滿地都是。

根據(jù)謂語動詞huddled可知，人們因?yàn)楹洳膨榭s在家里。freezingly,副詞，意為“寒冷地、凍僵了”，

符合句意。故選F。

38.【G】考查名詞。句意：他叫來他的馬，騎著馬穿過田野去檢查受損地區(qū)。根據(jù)下文“Therewerenomore

treestobreakthefuryofthewind.”可知，國王是去了受損地區(qū)。damage,名詞，意為"損害”，符合句意。

故選G。

39.【D】考查謂語動詞。句意：風(fēng)刮得更快了，把枯萎的植物和土壤從國王身邊吹過，國王默默地看著他

的王國向北吹去。根據(jù)上文“TheKingwasworried.Hecalledforhishorseandrodethroughthefieldsto

inspectthe38_”可知，國王是去檢查那些受損地區(qū)。observed,動詞，意為“檢查符合句意，

故選D。

40.【B】考查副詞。句意：他在馬鞍上無助地垂著頭，聽到南風(fēng)在呼喚：“小心倒下的樹！小心倒下的樹！

根據(jù)上文的“Lostincloudsofdustanddriftingsand,fatigueovercametheKing.”可知，國王此時非常沮喪，

感到無助。hopelessly,副詞，意為“無助地”,符合句意。故選B。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Processedfoodslikechips,sodaandfrozenpizzasarefullofsalt,sugarandfat.Nowscientistsaretryingto

understandifthereissomethingelseaboutsuchfoodsthatmaybebadforhumans.Scientistshavealreadylinked

low-cost,41foodstorisingobesityratesaroundtheworld.Threerecentstudiesoffermore42

intohowourincreasinglyindustrializedfoodsupplymaybeaffectingourhealth.

Whatdoesprocessedfoodmean?

Theresearcherscreatedasystemthat43foodsintofourgroups.Thesystemsayshighlyprocessed

foodsaremade44ofindustrializedmaterialsandadditives.Sodas,packagedcookies,instantnoodles

andchickennuggetsaresomeexamplesofhighlyprocessedfoods.Butalsoincludedareproductsthatcan

45healthy,suchasmorningcereals,energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.

What'swrongwithprocessedfoods?

ResearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealthconductedafour-weekstudyinvolving20people.They

foundthatpeopleeatabout500morecaloriesadaywhen46mostlyprocessedfoods.Thatiscompared

withwhenthe47subjectsweregivenlessprocessedfoods.Theresearcherspermittedthe20

participantstoeatasmuchoraslittleastheywanted.Theyweretakentoamedicalcentersotheirhealthand

behaviorcouldbe48.

Inanotherstudy,researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohave

heartdisease.49.asimilarstudyinSpainlinkedeatingmoreprocessedfoodstoahigherriskofdeathin

general.

Whatisitaboutprocessedfoods?

Whengivenlessprocessedfoods,peopleinthestudy50moreofahormonethatcontrolshunger,

andlessofahormonethatcauseshunger.Thereasonforthe51isnotclear.Thescientistsalsofound

thatpeopleateprocessedfoodsmorequickly.

KevinHallisoneoftheresearcherswholedthestudy.HetoldtheAPthatprocessedfoodsareusuallysofter

andeasiertochewandswallow.Hallnotedthesourceofnutrientsmight52.Forexample,fiberfrom

wholefruitsandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeoplefeel53thanfiberaddedtopackagedfoods

suchasenergybarsandyogurt.

Whatshouldyoueat?

Avoidingprocessedfoodscanbehard,54forpeoplewithlimitedtimeandmoney.Processedfoods

canalsotakemanyforms.Inaddition,companiescontinually55productstomakethemseemhealthier.

Theneweststudiesmayprovidemorereasonstoavoidprocessedfoods.But,theyalsocallattentiontothe

difficultyofcomingupwithwaystodothat.

41.A.organicB.deliciousC.packagedD.cheap

42.A.inquiriesB.insightsC.explorationsD.reports

43.A.distinguishesB.definesC.classifiesD.keeps

44.A.speciallyB.mostlyC.naturallyD.technically

45.A.remainB.feelC.becomeD.appear

46.A.consumedB-forcedC.deprivedD.fed

47.A.sameB?normalC.differentD.alternative

48.A.explainedB.trackedC.curedD.overlooked

49.A.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.HenceD.Otherwise

50.A.collectedB.producedC.absorbedD.relieved

51.A.hungerB.procedureC.reactionD.feedback

52.A.strikeabalanceB.runariskC.poseathreatD.makeadifference

53.A.fullB.contentC.starvingD.excited

54.A.especiallyB.generallyC.speciallyD.reasonably

55.A.restructureB?rearrangeC.redecorateD.reengineer

【參考答案】

41.C42.B43.C44.B45.D46.D47.A48.B49.A50.B

51.C52.D53.A54.A55.D

【語篇解讀】

本文是說明文?？茖W(xué)家已經(jīng)確定，廉價的包裝食品與全球不斷上升的肥胖率有關(guān)。文章介紹了什么是

加工食品，加工食品有什么問題，加工食品與什么有關(guān)以及人們應(yīng)該吃什么。

【詳情解析】

41.[C1考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)確定，廉價的包裝食品與全球不斷上升的肥胖率有關(guān)。

A.organic有機(jī)的；B.delicious美味的；C.packaged包裝好的；D.cheap便宜的。根據(jù)卜文的“risingobesity

rates”可知，這種食物與肥胖有關(guān)，不可能是“有機(jī)的”和“美味的”，空格前l(fā)ow-cost與cheap意思相近，

C項(xiàng)“包裝好的”符合題意，說明不是新鮮食物。故選C。

42.【B】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近的三項(xiàng)研究為我們II益工業(yè)化的食品供應(yīng)如何影響我們的健康提

供了更多的見解。A.inquiries詢問；B.insights見解，洞察力;C.explorations探索;D.reports報告。根

據(jù)后文“intohowourincreasinglyindustrializedfoodsupplymaybeaffectingourhealth”指三項(xiàng)研究為我們

日益工業(yè)化的食品供應(yīng)如何影響我們的健康提供了更多的見解。故選Bo

43.1C】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：研究人員創(chuàng)建了一個系統(tǒng)，將食物分為四組。A.distinguishes區(qū)別；

B.defines定義；C.classifies分類;D.keeps保持。根據(jù)后文“fbodsintofourgroups”指將食物分為四組。

故選C。

44.【B】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這一系統(tǒng)指出，高度加工食品主要由工業(yè)材料和添加劑組成。A.specially

特別地；B.mostly大部分地；C.naturally自然地；D.technically技術(shù)上。根據(jù)空格前后文并結(jié)合常識可

知，高度加工食品主要由工業(yè)材料和添加劑組成。故選B。

45.[D]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也包括諸如早餐麥片、能量棒以及某些類型的酸奶等看起來健康

的產(chǎn)品。A.remain仍1日；B.feel感覺；C.become成為；D.appear出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)"suchasmorningcereals,

energybarsandsomekindsofyogurt.”可知，此處說的是高度加工的不健康的食品，因此推斷是呈現(xiàn)健康

的食品。故選D。

46.【D】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，飲食以加工食品為主的參與者每天會多攝入約500卡路里。

A.consumed消耗；B.forced迫使；C.deprived剝奪：D.fed喂養(yǎng)、以.為食。根據(jù)上文的“peopleeatabout

500morecaloriesaday”和下文“processedfoods”可推斷，此處指的是吃加工食品的人每天多攝入500卡熱

量。故選D。

47.【A】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是對同一個參與者食用較少加工食品的情況進(jìn)行比較后得出的結(jié)

論。A.same同樣的；B.normal正常的；C.different不同的；D.alternative替代的。研究理應(yīng)是對同一個

人的飲食結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對比。故選A。

48.【B】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：參與者被帶到醫(yī)療中心，對他們的健康和行為進(jìn)行跟蹤。A.explained

解釋;B.tracked跟蹤；C.cured治愈；D.overlooked忽視。根據(jù)上文"Theyweretakentoamedicalcenter”

可知，被帶去醫(yī)療中心，是對他們的健康和行為進(jìn)行跟蹤觀察。故選B。

49[A].考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，西班牙的一項(xiàng)類似研究表明，食用加工食品越多，死亡風(fēng)

險就越高。A.Meanwhile同時；B.However然而；C.Hence因此；D.Otherwise否則°上文“Inanotherstudy,

researchersinFrancefoundpeoplewhoatemoreprocessedfoodsweremorelikelytohaveheartdisease.“提至!J

在另一項(xiàng)研究中，法國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃更多加工食品的人更容易患心臟病，而與此同時，西班牙的

一項(xiàng)類似研究表明，食用加工食品越多，死亡風(fēng)險就越高。故選A。

50.[B]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：食用少量加工食品時，研究參與者會分泌更多控制饑餓的激素，而引

發(fā)饑餓的激素則會減少。A.collected收集；B.produced生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生；C.absorbed吸收；D.relieved緩解。

根據(jù)下文提到的“moreofahormone”可知，研究參與者分泌更多控制饑餓的激素，produce“產(chǎn)生”符合語

境。故選Bo

51.【C】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一反應(yīng)的原因還不得而知。A.hunger饑餓；B.procedure程序；C.reaction

反應(yīng)；D.feedback反饋。上文提到“食用少量加工食品時，研究參與者會分泌更多控制饑餓的激素，而

引發(fā)饑餓的激素則會減少”是參與者的反應(yīng)。故選C。

52.【D】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:霍爾指出，營養(yǎng)來源可能有所不同。A.strikeabalance公平處理；B.run

arisk冒險；C.poseathreat構(gòu)成威脅；D.makeadifference有影響；產(chǎn)生不同。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,fiber

fromwholefruitsandvegetablesmaybebetterformakingpeoplefeelfullthanfiberaddedtopackagedfoods

suchasenergybarsandyogurt.（比如，與能量棒和酸奶等包裝食品中添加的纖維相比，來自完整水果和蔬

菜的纖維可能更容易使人們有飽腹感戶可推斷，此處說的是營養(yǎng)來源不同，故選D。

53.[A]考查形容詞詞