老高考適用2023高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一編教材回眸Unit7TheSea北師大版

Unit7TheSea晨起第一事背誦經(jīng)典句1．Asmoothseanevermadeaskillfulmariner.平靜的海洋練不出熟練的水手。2．Thewaves,currents,andtidesoftheseaaremuchthesameastheups,downsandprecariousnessoflifeitself.大海的波濤、水流與潮汐，與人生的跌宕起伏非常相似。3．Itissaidthatthevoiceandwindoftheseaareverycomfortable.據(jù)說大海的聲音和海風(fēng)是很舒服的。4．ThisoneAntarcticglacieristhesizeoftheUKandisalreadyresponsibleforfivepercentofworldsealevelrise.這個南極冰川的面積相當(dāng)于英國的面積，它已經(jīng)造成了全球海平面上升5%。Ⅰeq\a\vs4\al(核心單詞)(1)participate(vi.)參加→participation(n.)參加，參與→participator(n.)參與者(2)evaluate(vt.)評估，評價→evaluation(n.)評估，評價(3)arrange(vt.)安排，準(zhǔn)備→arrangement(n.)安排→arranged(adj.)安排的(4)spirit(n.)精神→spiritual(adj.)精神上的，崇高的→spirited(adj.)有精神的，精力旺盛的(5)eventually(adv.)終于，最終→eventual(adj.)最后的，終于的(6)journey(n.)旅行，旅程→travel(n.&vi.)(近義詞)旅行，旅游→trip(n.)(近義詞)旅游→voyage(n.)(近義詞)(海上)旅行(7)apologise(vi.)道歉→apology(n.)道歉(8)pollution(n.)污染→pollute(vt.)使污染→polluted(adj.)受到污染的→pollutant(n.)污染物質(zhì)(9)ban(vt.)禁止→prohibit(vt.)(近義詞)禁止→forbid(vt.)(近義詞)禁止(10)altogether(adv.)完全(11)handle(vt.)對付(n.)把手(12)department(n.)部門，部，系，局→departmental(adj.)部門的→departmentalize(vt.)把……分成各部門(13)solution(n.)答案，解決辦法→solve(vt.)解決(14)present(vt.)講演，演示(n.)禮物(adj.)在場的，目前的→presence(n.)出席，到場(15)energetic(adj.)有活力的，精力充沛的→energy(n.)精力，活力→energetically(adv.)精力充沛地，積極地(16)discovery(n.)發(fā)現(xiàn)→discover(vt.)發(fā)現(xiàn)→invent(vt.)(近義詞)發(fā)明→create(vt.)(近義詞)發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造(17)educate(vt.)教育→education(n.)教育(18)attract(vt.)吸引→attraction(n.)吸引人的地方→attractive(adj.)吸引人的，有魅力的→attractively(adv.)引人注目地(19)measure(vt.&vi.)(長度、數(shù)量等)量度為；測量(n.)措施(20)terrify(vt.)使人感到恐懼→terrified(adj.)感到恐懼的→terrifying(adj.)令人恐懼的(21)escape(vi.)逃脫，逃跑(22)survive(vi.)幸存，生存下來→survival(n.)幸存，殘存(23)recover(vi.)恢復(fù)正常，康復(fù)→recoverable(adj.)可收回的，可重新獲得的→recovery(n.)康復(fù)(24)recognise(vt.)辨認(rèn)出→recognition(n.)認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)→recognizable(adj.)可辨認(rèn)的Ⅱeq\a\vs4\al(閱讀單詞)(1)industrial(adj.)工業(yè)的→industry(n.)工業(yè)→industrialize(vt.)使工業(yè)化(2)agricultural(adj.)農(nóng)業(yè)的→agriculture(n.)農(nóng)業(yè)→farming(n.)(近義詞)農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)耕(3)intelligence(n.)智力，理解力→intelligent(adj.)有才智的，聰明的(4)up-to-date(adj.)現(xiàn)代的，最新的(5)discount(n.)折扣，減價→discountable(adj.)可打折扣的(6)trick(n.)戲法，把戲(7)melt(vi.)熔化，融化(8)horrible(adj.)可怕的，令人厭惡的→horribly(adv.)可怕地，令人厭惡地(9)sink(vi.)下沉；沉沒→sank(過去式)→sunk(過去分詞)(10)debate(n．&vt.)辯論，爭辯(11)local(adj.)當(dāng)?shù)氐?，地方性的→location(n.)地點(diǎn)，地方，位置→located(adj.)坐落在，位于(12)disagree(vi.)意見不合，不同意→disagreeable(adj.)令人不愉快的，不合意的→disagreement(n.)意見不一，爭論[單句語法填空]1.Iwouldliketoofferan(apologise)forthedelaytoyourclasstoday.答案：apology2．Thepolicehavewarnedthecity'sinhabitantsnottoswiminthe(pollute)river.答案：polluted3．Hehopestogetajobonthelocalnewspaperand(eventual)workfor“TheTimes”．答案：eventually4．Themoretheyoungstudentsworked,themore(energy)theybecame.答案：energetic5．Hewas(terrify)atthethoughtofbeingcaughtinthewoods.答案：terrified6．Iknowher,buthername(escape)menow.答案：escapes7．Wemusttakesomestrict(measure)toprotectthoserareanimals.答案：measures8．Weencouragestudentstoparticipatefullytherunningofthecollege.答案：in9．Severalbuildingsinthetown(survive)frommedievaltimes,youknow.答案：havesurvived10．Itisimportant(recognize)howlittleweknowaboutthisdisease.答案：torecognize1．以-sure結(jié)尾的名詞①pleasure高興，快樂②measure措施③exposure暴露，揭發(fā)④enclosure圍場；附件⑤treasure財富，珍寶⑥leisure悠閑；閑暇⑦pressure壓力2．以-ment結(jié)尾的名詞家族①advertisement廣告②development發(fā)展③movement運(yùn)動④improvement改進(jìn)，提高⑤achievement成就；達(dá)成⑥arrangement安排⑦management管理⑧assignment分配；作業(yè)⑨agreement協(xié)議⑩enjoyment快樂，樂趣?government政府；治理，管理?judgement判斷?payment償還；付款?appointment失望?establishment確立?equipment設(shè)備，裝備?argument爭論，辯論?punishment懲罰1．fillout填寫2．setsail啟航3．a(chǎn)ccordingto根據(jù)，按照4．getintotrouble陷入麻煩5．persuadesbtodosth(成功)勸說某人做某事6．makeitto到達(dá)7．insearchof尋找，尋求8．dealwith處理9．makealiving謀生10．watchout注意，小心，當(dāng)心11．ontheedgeof某事快要發(fā)生，在……邊緣12．pickup拾起；接載13．a(chǎn)llatonce突然，忽然14．becoveredwith被……覆蓋15．fromthenon從那時起16．managetodosth成功地做成某事[選詞填空]fillout，makealiving，accordingto，getintotrouble，makeitto，insearchof，watchout，ontheedgeof，pickup，fromthenon1．Toapplyforthejob,you'llhavetoanapplicationformfirst.答案：fillout2．Withbloodpouringfromhisleg,heanearbyhouse.答案：madeitto3．Markwenttothenearbyriverwater.答案：insearchof4．Youwouldn'thaveifyouhadtakenmyadvice.答案：gotintotrouble5．Wemustbepreparedtomodifyourplansanynewcircumstancesthatmayarise.答案：accordingto6．forcarswhenyoucrossthestreet.答案：Watchout7．Rememberafteryoucomebackfromwork,youhavetoourchildfromtheprimaryschool.答案：pickup8．，wecontactedeachotherbye-mail.Sometimeswemetinthegivenplace.答案：Fromthenon9．Myunclebyteaching.答案：madealiving10．Theireconomyiscollapse.答案：ontheedgeof1．動詞＋it構(gòu)成的短語①makeit成功，做完，達(dá)成②getit理解，明白③catchit受罰④footit步行去⑤cabit坐出租車去⑥helpit有助，有利2．含有名詞turn的短語①byturns輪流②outofturn不按順序地，不合時宜地③beone'sturntodosth輪到某人做某事④inturn依次，輪流課文原句句式梳理仿寫訓(xùn)練1.Ericsetsailonceagain,thistimewith25ships,ofwhichonly14madeittoGreenland.埃里克再次啟航，這次有25艘船，其中只有14艘到達(dá)格陵蘭島。(P8)介詞(of)＋which/whom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句Thisisthebook－store,.我就是從這個書店買了兩本英語雜志。2.Ontheotherhand,Ididn'tthinkthatthecaféwasasgoodasitshouldbe.另一方面，我認(rèn)為那家咖啡館還不夠好。(P13)Idon't/didn'tthinkthat...“我認(rèn)為……不……”否定轉(zhuǎn)移，賓語從句的not，移至主句中。條件：主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是表示“認(rèn)為、相信、猜測、想象”等的動詞，從句的否定移到主句否定，但譯為漢語時，否定詞否定從句Itheywillcomebacktoday.我認(rèn)為他今天不會回來了。答案：1.fromwhich/whereIboughttwoEnglishmagazines2.don'tthink①participatevi.參加，參與(P4)(1)單句語法填空①Yesterdaytherewasasportsmeetinourschoolwithhundredsofstudents(participate)．②Everyoneintheclassisexpected(participate)inthediscussion.答案：①participating②toparticipate(2)單句寫作Theywelcometheopportunitytofullythelifeofthevillage.他們很高興有這個機(jī)會充分參與到該村的生活中去。答案：participate;in(1)participatein參加(2)participationn.參與，分享eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)participate后面不能接on,to或直接接名詞，而要說participateinsth。②arrangevt.安排，準(zhǔn)備(P4)(1)單句語法填空①Ourheadmasterwillarrangehissecretarytopickuptheexpertsattheairport.②Haveyou(arrange)tomeetMarkthisweekend?答案：①for②arranged(2)單句改錯Foracaselikethis,we'llarrangealawyertovisityourneighborwithyou.答案：arrange后加for(1)arrangetodosth安排做某事arrangeforsth為……做準(zhǔn)備(安排)arrangeforsb/sthtodosth安排某人/物做某事(2)arrangementn.整理；布置；安排makearrangementsfor...為……做好安排eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)表示“安排某人做某事”應(yīng)該用arrangeforsbtodosth不能用arrangesbtodosth。③eventuallyadv.最終，終于(P8)(1)單句語法填空①I'msurethatourteamwillsucceed(eventual)．②Itisimpossibletopredictwhatthe(eventually)outcomewillbe.答案：①eventually②eventual(2)單句寫作yourchildwillleavehomeasafullyindependentadult.最后，你的孩子會離開家，作為一個完全獨(dú)立的成年人過她自己的生活。答案：Eventually;toleadherownlife(1)abandonstheventually最終放棄某物succeedeventually最后成功(2)eventualadj.最終的，最后的④apologisevi.道歉(P9)(1)單句語法填空Hismotherofferedher(apologise)toMrsBlack.答案：apology(2)單句改錯Hemadepublicapologytohisteacherinclassforwhathehaddone.答案：made后加a(1)apologisetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn.道歉makeanapologytosbforsth因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone'sapology接受/拒絕某人的道歉owesbanapology應(yīng)向某人道歉⑤pollutevt.使污染(P10)(1)單句語法填空①Theisland(pollute)byacoppermineseriously.②Energyconsumption,congestion,and(pollute)haveincreased.答案：①hasbeenpolluted②pollution(2)單句寫作Violenceontelevisionofourchildren.電視暴力正在毒害我們孩子的思想。答案：ispollutingtheminds(1)pollute...with...用……污染……pollutethemind污染思想polluteair/atmosphere污染空氣(2)pollutionn.污染environmentalpollution環(huán)境污染airpollution空氣污染(3)pollutantn.污染物⑥handlevt.對付，處理(P10)(1)單句語法填空①He'snotaverygoodteacher—hedoesn'tknowhow(handle)children.②Weholdthebeliefthattheaffairsofagivencountrymust(handle)byitsownpeople.答案：①tohandle②behandled(2)單句改錯Mostcustomersweresatisfiedwiththewaytheircomplaintshandled.答案：complaints后加werehandle是及物動詞，直接跟賓語，不用接介詞。⑦presentvt.講演，演示n.禮物adj.在場的；目前的(P11)(1)單句語法填空①Onhisretirement,colleaguespresentedhimasetofgolfclubs.②Manystudentswerepresenttheimportantconferencelastweek.答案：①with②at(2)單句改錯Ourteacherpresentedthewinneranaward.答案：winner后加withatpresent目前，現(xiàn)在presentsbwithsth贈予某人某物bepresent出席，參加eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)present用作動詞作“授予”講時，不用于presentsbsth結(jié)構(gòu)，須用presentsbwithsth結(jié)構(gòu)。⑧attractvt.吸引(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Whatfirst(attract)metoherwashersenseofhumour.②WewelcomeyoutojoinusonaspecialtourwhichexploresthisuniqueAustralian(attract)．答案：①attracted②attraction(2)單句寫作Recently,theTVprogramTheReader.近來，電視節(jié)目《朗讀者》吸引了很多人的注意力。答案：attractstheattentionofmanypeople(1)attractsbto...把某人吸引到……attractone'sattention/interest吸引某人的注意/興趣(2)attractionn.吸引人的事物，吸引力attractiveadj.有魅力的，吸引人的beattractivetosb對某人有吸引力⑨escapevi.逃脫，逃跑；逃避(P14)(1)單句語法填空①Twoofthe(escape)prisonerswerecaughtinLiaoning.②Hemanagedtoescapetheburningcar.答案：①escaped②from(2)單句改錯Hetriedtoescapeawaylastnight.答案：去掉away(1)escapefrom...從……中逃脫escape(doing)sth避免/逃脫(做)某事(2)makeone'sescape逃走anarrowescape九死一生(3)escapedadj.逃跑了的eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)escape表“離開”之意時，不再與away,off等詞連用，因?yàn)閑scape本身已具有離開之意。另外，作“被……忘記，沒有被……注意到”講時，用sthescapesb結(jié)構(gòu)表示，而不是用sbescapesth結(jié)構(gòu)。⑩recognisevt.辨認(rèn)出(P14)(1)單句語法填空①Heglancedattheenvelopeand(recognise)Eade'shandwriting.②Lawrence'snovelwaseventuallyrecognisedworksofgenius.答案：①recognised②as(2)單句寫作ShehadchangedsomuchthatIcould.她變得我簡直認(rèn)不出來了。答案：hardlyrecogniseherberecognisedas被認(rèn)為是……recognisesb/sthas/tobe...承認(rèn)某人/某物是……①getintotrouble陷入麻煩(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Youwillgettroubleifyoudriveafterdrinkingalcohol.②Frankhadmuchtroublefindingthemagazinehewanted.答案：①into②in(2)單句寫作Ifyoukeeptherules,youarenot.如果你遵守規(guī)則，你就不大會遇到麻煩。答案：likelytogetintotroublelookfortrouble自找麻煩havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事有麻煩introuble處于不幸(苦惱、困境)之中takethetroubletodosth不怕費(fèi)事或困難做某事eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)trouble作名詞，是不可數(shù)名詞。②persuadesbtodosth/intodoingsth(成功)說服某人做某事(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Icouldn'tpersuadeher(accept)myterms.②Hermotherpersuadedherstayingathomeforthewholeday.答案：①toaccept②into(2)單句寫作Iyourfathertobuysomeshares.我正在試圖說服你爸爸買些股票。答案：amtryingtopersuadepersuadesbofsth使某人確信某事persuadesbthat...使某人相信……trytopersuadesbtodosth＝advisesbtodosth勸某人做某事eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)persuade用來表示“說服某人做某事”時，一般不接that從句，可接帶動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如果僅表示勸說的過程，不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，用trytopersuade或advise。③makeitto到達(dá)，達(dá)成(P8)(1)單句語法填空①HewantedtogotoAmericaandatlasthemadeitCanada.②It'saverydifficultexamination;areyousureyoucanmake？答案：①to②it(2)單句寫作Thebusgoesintenminutes;youmusthurryoryou.汽車還有10分鐘就要開了，你必須快一點(diǎn)，否則就趕不上了。答案：won'tmakeitgetit明白，知道，理解that'sit就這樣④insearchof尋找，尋求(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Hesetoutsearchofideasforstartingacompanyofhisown.②Thebadweatherishamperingthesearchsurvivors.答案：①in②for(2)單句寫作Theyouthswerearrestedandanythingthatwouldincriminatethem.警察逮捕了那些年輕人，并進(jìn)行搜身看能不能找到可以認(rèn)定他們有罪的證據(jù)。答案：searchedforcarryoutasearch進(jìn)行搜查makeasearchfor搜查，尋找searchsbforsth搜身尋找某物eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)insearchof表示“尋找”時，介詞of不能用for替換。⑤allatonce突然，忽然(P14)(1)單句語法填空①Thelittlegirlburstintotearsatonce.②WhenIsawhimIrecognizedhimonce.答案：①all②at(2)單句寫作Weweresittingaroundthetablewhen.我們正圍坐在桌旁，這時電燈突然滅了。答案：allatoncethelightswentoffallofasudden突然suddenlyadv.突然atonce馬上，立刻rightnow馬上，立刻⑥pickup??；撿起；學(xué)會，(開車)去接(P14)(1)單句語法填空①I(pick)upthephonebookandglancedthroughit.②After(pick)upawomanontheway,thebusleftforthecapitaloftheprovince.答案：①picked②picking(2)單句改錯IttookMaryalongtimetopickupanewdressatthestore.答案：up→outpickandchoose挑三揀四，仔細(xì)挑選pickatsth一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地吃；拉扯某物pickout挑揀，挑出pickon故意刁難(某人)，跟(某人)找別扭eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)當(dāng)賓語是代詞時，習(xí)慣上把代詞放在pick與up之間；當(dāng)賓語是名詞時，一般放在pickup之后。⑦managetodosth成功地做成某事(P18)(1)單句語法填空①Atfirst,noreadytechnicaldatawereavailable,butwemanaged(go)without.②Idon'tknowhowI'llmanage，butI'llbethere.答案：①togo②it(2)單句改錯Ifinallymanagedpushthehugeanimalaway.答案：managed后加tomanagewithout在沒有(某物)的情況下繼續(xù)Icanmanageitmyself.我自己可以處理。eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)manage意為“設(shè)法做成，努力完成”時，不在前面加can或could。①[教材原句]AccordingtotheoldstoriesofIcelandandNorway,ErictheRedwasforcedtoleaveIcelandbecausehehadcommittedamurder,forwhichhegotintotrouble.根據(jù)冰島和挪威的古老傳說，埃里克·雷德因一起謀殺罪而被迫離開冰島，為此他陷入困境。(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Howcananyoneblameherforactionswhichshefeelsherselftobeinnowayresponsible?②Hewasalsoawriterofbeautifulstories,someofarecollaborationswithhisfiancee.答案：①for②which(2)單句寫作Shelostherhearttotheyoungmanshehadstudiedandworkedforsolong.她愛上那個小伙子了，多年來她和他既是同窗又是同事。答案：withwhom介詞＋which/whom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)(1)“介詞＋which/whom”引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞是人，用whom；先行詞是物，用which。且這個結(jié)構(gòu)前還可以加名詞或代詞，即“n./pron.＋of＋which/whom”；此時，n./pron.也可以放到ofwhich/whom之后。(2)本結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇根據(jù)從句中動詞的搭配或先行詞的介詞搭配以及語境含義而定。②[教材原句]Somefishcanproducesoundsalmosttwiceasloudasyourspeakingvoice!有些魚發(fā)出的聲音幾乎是你說話聲音的兩倍！(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Therearetwiceasmanygirlsboysinourclass!②Thisroomisthreetimes(large)thanthatone.答案：①as②larger(2)單句寫作Theyhaveaswedo.他們擁有的奶牛是我們的三倍多。答案：threetimesasmanycows倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞原級＋as表示“……是……的幾倍”。eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)(1)能充當(dāng)倍數(shù)的成分有：整數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、名詞等。(2)表示“兩倍”用twice，表示其他整數(shù)倍時，用基數(shù)詞＋times即可。③[教材原句]Youcertainlywon'tfindanoisierfish.你肯定找不到比這更吵鬧的魚了(這就是最吵鬧的魚)。(P13)(1)單句語法填空①Nowriteris(adventurous)thanMarkTwainintheworld,Ithink.②Whatanexcitingandinstructivenovel!I'veneverreada(good)one.答案：①moreadventurous②better(2)單句寫作Haveyougotthansitthereplayingthatsillygame?你光坐著玩那個愚蠢的游戲，就找不到更好的事來做嗎？答案：nothingbettertodo否定詞(含有否定意義的詞)＋形容詞比較級，相當(dāng)于該形容詞的最高級含義。eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)常見的含有否定的詞有：no,not,nothing,little,few等。④[教材原句]Iwasstilltiedtothebarrelandthewavessooncarriedmetoanareawheretheotherfishermenwere.我仍然被捆在木桶上，海浪很快把我?guī)У搅似渌麧O民聚集的地方。(P15)(1)單句語法填空①It'soneofthefewcountriespeopledriveontheleft.②Putthisenvelopeinasafeplacenoonecangetaccesstoit.答案：①where②where(2)單句寫作Whatisthenameofthetown？你過去生活過的那座城鎮(zhèn)叫什么名字？答案：whereyouusedtolive關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)關(guān)系副詞除了where外，when,why也能引導(dǎo)定語從句。⑤[教材原句]Fromthenon,theywerehappytofollowZhengHewhereverheledthem.從那時起，無論鄭和帶他們?nèi)ツ睦?，他們都會高興地跟隨他。(P18)(1)單句語法填空①shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.②helives,heneverfeelslonely.答案：①Wherever②Wherever(2)單句寫作，whereverhewent,Iclosely.從那以后，他無論走到哪里，我都會緊緊跟隨的。答案：Fromthenon;wouldfollowhim主句＋wherever＋讓步狀語從句根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheVikings,whoseancestorscamefromScandinavia,werethefirstEuropeans1(reach)America.TheyhadlivedinmanyplacesofNorthernEurope.In982AD,aman2(call)ErictheRedwasforcedtoleaveIcelandbecauseofamurder,forwhichhe3(get)intotrouble.EricdiscoveredGreenlandandpersuadedsomepeople4(settle)inGreenland.Ericsetsailagain,butonlynearlyhalfoftheshipsmade5toGreenlandthistime.LateramanbythenameofBiarnisetsailfromIcelandinsearch6Eric'sparty.Buthe7(blow)offcourseandfoundhimselfinanunknownland,fromwherehe8(eventual)reachedGreenland.Intheyear1002,Leif,ErictheRed'sson,followedBiarni'sdirectionsandsailedto9isbelievedtobethecoastofpresent-dayCanada.HealsodiscoveredNew-foundland.Actually,ErictheRedandLeif's10(deed)arethefirstrecordswehaveofEuropeanssailingtotheAmericas.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.答案：1.toreach2.called3.got4.tosettle5.it6.of7.wasblown8.eventually9.what10．deedsⅠ.單句語法填空1．TherearetimesIwonderwhyIdothisjob.答案：when分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾times，when在從句中又作時間狀語。2．Thereasonshewaslateforthemeetingwasthatshehadtodealwithseveralmistakesinthereport.答案：why分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用why引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾reason,why在從句中又作狀語。3．Canyousuggestaplacewecanspendoursummervacationthisyear?答案：where根據(jù)句意可知，表示“我們今年能度假的地方”用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾place，where在從句中又作地點(diǎn)狀語。4．Theshortoneisbyfarexpensiveofthefive.答案：themost句意：短的那一個是五個中最貴的。表示“五個中”最貴的，用形容詞最高級。5．Hespokemuchloudlythanhehadintended.答案：more有比較級標(biāo)志than，故其形容詞important前用more。6．We'veproducedtwiceascottonthisyearaswedidtenyearsago.答案：much本句中用as...as表示同級比較，故as...as中間用形容詞原級，修飾不可數(shù)名詞cotton，用much。7．Thelengthoftheroadisfourtimesitwasthreeyearsago.答案：what根據(jù)句子含義，表示事物本身發(fā)展不同階段的對比用“倍數(shù)＋whatitwas”，故填what。8．Thenewriveryardisthreetimesthe(long)oftheonelyinginthesouthofourcity.答案：length本句是考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法之一“倍數(shù)＋the＋性質(zhì)名詞＋of...”，故此處用名詞length。9．Thequestionswereallonopera,aboutsubjectIknownothing.答案：which句意：那些問題都是關(guān)于歌劇的，對此我一無所知。aboutwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。10．Ihave8newfriendshere,thethreeofarefromthesouth.答案：whom句意：在這里我有八個新朋友，其中三個是來自于南方。本句用thethreeofwhom引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。Ⅱ.單句寫作1．Thisisthehouse(我們上次參觀過的)．答案：(which/that)wevisitedlasttime2．Itoldmyfriendthat(我從未讀過比這更有趣的小說)．答案：Ihadneverreadamoreinterestingnovelthanthisone3．Theysaidtheyhad.他們說他們有麻煩了。答案：gottenintotrouble4．我試圖勸他放棄那項(xiàng)計劃，但是他沒有聽我的。(persuadesbtodosth)答案：Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveuphisplan,buthedidn'tlistentome.5．與我們校長談話的那個人我認(rèn)識。答案：Iknowthemanwithwhomourheadmasteristalking.Ⅲ.語法填空Ifyou1(admit)toauniversityinChina,regardlessofwhateveryouchooseasyourmajor,there'sonecompulsorycoursethatyoucan'tavoid:English.Thefactis2youcanprobablymiss3(attend)Englishclasseswhenothercoursesaretaught,butyou'dbettertakeEnglish4(serious).HavingfailedintheNationalCollegeEnglishTest,youmaynotbeable5(secure)yourbachelor'sdegree,evenyouhaveyourownmajor6(do)well.Eachstudentlearnsaforeignlanguage,andmostlyEnglishfromDayOneof7(them)compulsoryeducation.Suchapolicy8(be)inplacesinceChinastartedtoreformandopenupintheearly1980s.China'stotalnumberofEnglishlanguagestudentsandgraduatesovertheyearscanbeequal9theentirepopulationofAustralia,thankstotennational－levelcollegiateforeignlanguageteachinginstitutes,of10themostimportantonesareShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversityandBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了英語這門必修課在大學(xué)的重要性以及中國對學(xué)英語的政策。1．a(chǎn)readmitted考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：如果你被中國的一所大學(xué)錄取，不管你選擇什么專業(yè)，有一門必修課你無法避免：英語。beadmittedto“被……錄取”。根據(jù)句意可知是被錄取，被動語態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為you，be用are。故填areadmitted。2．that考查表語從句的連接詞。此處為表語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，用that引導(dǎo)。故填that。3．a(chǎn)ttending考查非謂語動詞。missdoingsth“錯過做某事”。此處是指錯過上課。故填attending。4．seriously考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：但是你最好認(rèn)真對待英語。takesthseriously“認(rèn)真對待某事”。故填seriously。5．tosecure考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果你在全國大學(xué)英語考試中失敗了，即使你自己的專業(yè)考得很好，你也可能無法獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位。beabletodosth“能夠做某事”，故填tosecure。6．done考查非謂語動詞。havesthdone“使某事被做”。major與do存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填done。7．their考查代詞。句意：每個學(xué)生從接受義務(wù)教育的第一天起就開始學(xué)習(xí)一門外語，其中大部分是英語。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的名詞education可知，此處用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。8．hasbeen考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，主句常常使用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語為apolicy，助動詞用has。故填hasbeen。9．to考查介詞。句意：多年來，中國英語專業(yè)學(xué)生和畢業(yè)生的總數(shù)相當(dāng)于澳大利亞的總?cè)丝?。beequalto“相等，等于”。故填to。10．which考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。此處為定語從句，先行詞為“tennational－levelcollegiateforeignlanguageteachinginstitutes”表地點(diǎn)。從句中缺少狀語，根據(jù)前面的of可知，用which引導(dǎo)，介詞＋關(guān)系代詞＝關(guān)系副詞。故填which。Ⅳ.短文改錯WhenIwaslittle,Friday'snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.答案：WhenIwaslittle,eq\o(Friday's,\s\do8(①Friday))nightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofalleq\o(sort,\s\do8(②sorts))inthesittingroom.Aseq\o(the,\s\do8(③a))kid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtoeq\o(watching,\s\do8(④watch))them,myparentswouldnoteq\o(eq\o(to,＼),\s\do9(⑤))letme.Theywouldsaytoeq\o(us,\s\do8(⑥me))thatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIeq\o(∧,\s\do8(⑦was))unwillingtoplaythegameseq\o(for,\s\do8(⑧with))themsometimes.Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentseq\o(are,\s\do8(⑨were))untilIenteredhighschool.Thegamesmyparentstaughtmeeq\o(where,\s\do8(⑩when))Iwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.1．Friday's→Friday考查名詞作定語。名詞作定語，往往表明被修飾名詞的時間、地點(diǎn)、類別、目的或用途、材料或來源等。名詞所有格作定語則強(qiáng)調(diào)與被修飾的詞的所有關(guān)系或表示邏輯上的謂語關(guān)系。此處表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有關(guān)系，故把Friday's改為Friday。2．sort→sorts考查名詞。all表示三者或三者以上，后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故把sort改為sorts。3．the→a考查冠詞。這里表示“作為一個孩子”，a用在表示泛指的單數(shù)名詞前，the表示特指。故把the改為a。4．watching→watch考查動詞不定式。此處是用不定式表示目的。故把watching改為watch。5．去掉to考查情態(tài)動詞。would后跟動詞原形，故把to去掉。6．us→me考查代詞。此處是對“我”說，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改為me。7．I后加was考查固定搭配。beunwillingtodosth意為“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介紹的是過去的情況，故用過去時。所以在unwilling前加was。8．for→with考查介詞。playthegameswithsb表示“和某人一塊玩游戲”，故把for改為with。9．a(chǎn)re→were考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知此處要用一般過去時。故把a(bǔ)re改為were。10．where→when考查賓語從句的連接詞。賓語從句連接詞并不是表示地點(diǎn)狀語，而是時間狀語。故把where改為when。課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.完形填空(2021·“超級全能生”高三全國卷乙卷地區(qū)聯(lián)考)WhenKrishnamurthywasateenager,hewitnessedapondnearhishomefulloftrash.The1tothepondinspiredhimtobecomeaconservationist.In2007,Krishnamurthy2theEFI—agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia.Theteamworksto3thegarbageandrestoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants,givingwildlifeachanceto4.Overthelast13years,EFIhas5restorationworkon112lakesandponds.EFI's6goalistorestorelakesandponds,buttheorganization'sworkbenefitsIndia'swater7onasmallscale,becauserestoringwaterbodyisofgreat8inrecharging(補(bǔ)給)groundwater.Infact,groundwateris9toIndia,accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply.10overusingwaterisreducingreservesataworryingrate.Governmentisurgedtotakesomemeasures,butKrishnamurthybelieves11haveagreatroletoplay.That'swhyhewantsto12whathecallswaterliteracy(水文知識)andraisepeople's13ofwater'simportanceinpeople'sdailylives.HepointstothefactthatgroundwaterinIndiaisused14，andalotofitiswastedfinally.Currently,EFIisfacinga15whenitcomestohandlingwaste.Upto95%ofthesolidwasteit16fromthepondsendsupinlandfill.Thegroupisresearchingonvarious17forreusingandrecyclingmoreofthetrash.Despitethechallenges,hefeels18notonlyforIndiabutfortheworld.He19peopletocareforthelakesandponds,andtocarefortheneedsofwildlife.Withtheright20，everyonecanmakeadifferenceonourplanet.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Krishnamurthy克里希納穆爾蒂看到家附近池塘填滿垃圾，于是創(chuàng)建了一個組織去保護(hù)湖泊、池塘和野生動物，并且呼吁人們共同努力保護(hù)環(huán)境。1．A.journey B．relationC．damage D．way答案：C句意：對池塘的破壞促使他成為一名環(huán)保主義者。journey“旅行”；relation“關(guān)系”；damage“損壞”；way“方法，方式”。根據(jù)前文“hewitnessedapondnearhishomefulloftrash(看到充滿垃圾的池塘)”可知，此處指“對池塘的破壞”，故選C。2．A.founded B．quitC．a(chǎn)dvertised D．rebuilt答案：Afound“建立”；quit“離開，放棄”；advertise“做廣告”；rebuild“重建”。根據(jù)后文“agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，這是他創(chuàng)立的一個組織。故選A。3．A.burn B．reuseC．sort D．remove答案：Dburn“燃燒”；reuse“再次使用，重新使用”；sort“分類”；remove“移除”。根據(jù)前文“restoresfreshwaterlakes”和后文“thegarbageandrestoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants”可知，要恢復(fù)鳥、青蛙和本地植物的棲息地，需要移除垃圾。故選D。4．A.appear B．returnC．play D．perform答案：Bappear“出現(xiàn)”；return“返回”；play“玩?！?；perform“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”。根據(jù)前文“restoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds”可知，此處指“給野生動植物一個回歸自然棲息地的機(jī)會”。故選B。5．A.appliedfor B．gaveupC．carriedout D．putoff答案：Capplyfor“申請”；giveup“放棄”；carryout“實(shí)施”；putoff“推遲”。根據(jù)前文“restoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，這個組織在保護(hù)湖泊和池塘，即實(shí)施修復(fù)工作。故選C。6．A.common B．primaryC．big D．proper答案：Bcommon“共同的”；primary“首要的，初級的”；big“大的”；proper“合適的，正確的”。根據(jù)前文“theEFI—agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，這個組織的首要目標(biāo)就是修復(fù)湖泊和池塘，故選B。7．A.supply B．safetyC．treatment D．preparation答案：Asupply“供應(yīng)”；safety“安全”；treatment“治療”；preparation“準(zhǔn)備”。根據(jù)后文“Infact,groundwateris9toIndia,accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply.”可知，該組織的工作在小范圍內(nèi)對印度的水供應(yīng)是有利的。故選A。8．A.harm B．interestC．quality D．effect答案：Dharm“傷害”；interest“興趣”；quality“質(zhì)量”；effect“效應(yīng)，影響”。根據(jù)常識可知，修復(fù)水體對補(bǔ)給地下水是有重要作用的。故選D。9．A.familiar B．a(chǎn)ttractiveC．vital D．helpful答案：Cfamiliar“熟悉的”；attractive“吸引的”；vital“重要的”；helpful“有幫助的”。根據(jù)后文“accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply”可知，地下水占印度供水量的百分之八十，對印度來說很重要。故選C。10．A.However B．ThereforeC．Instead D．Besides答案：A前文講述的是修復(fù)水體對水供應(yīng)的有利影響，后文講到過度用水的不利影響，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。11．A.members B．individualsC．farmers D．a(chǎn)dults答案：Bmember“成員”；individual“個人”；farmer“農(nóng)民”；adult“成年人”。根據(jù)前文政府采取措施和后文“haveagreatroletoplay”可知，他認(rèn)為個人也能發(fā)揮巨大的作用。故選B。12．A.learn B．exposeC．record