2022年中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案：時(shí)態(tài)專題

2022年中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案：時(shí)態(tài)專題一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

注：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需加-s或-es：

規(guī)則1._____________________2._________________________3._______________________注意：動(dòng)詞have的第三人稱單數(shù)是has.

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式。

cook

6.

enjoy

______7.

go

_______8

receive

_________10.

close

_______11.

drive

______12.

choose

______13.

play

________14.

reach

_____一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：

表經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事作或狀態(tài)，常用的頻度副詞有：

always、often、

usually、seldom、never。Eg.SheoftensingswiththebandCrazyBoy.2.表內(nèi)心活動(dòng)感情等don'tthinkyouareright.

3.描述客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、格言警句等eg.Birdsflyinthesky.Pride

goes

before

a

fall.

驕者必?cái)　?.表計(jì)劃或預(yù)定的行為art,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take

place等。egThetrainleavesat9:00tomorrowmorning.5.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。My

father

worksinafactory.He

is

very

busy.

6.表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格、特征和能力等。Ann

writes

good

English

but

does

not

speak

well.具體情況（主要用于下面幾情況）1)描述當(dāng)前時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。在這種情景中，句子常帶有表示頻：always,everyday,often,onceaweek(month,year,etc.),sometimes,seldom,usually等等，以表示句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是習(xí)慣性的、經(jīng)常性的。例如：eautifulflowers.(she)ecollectingstamps.(Ben)listentomusiccarefully.(myaunt)likemakingamodelship.(Helen)3）寫出下列動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式

II.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1．I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.

2.Hedoean'welland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.

3.He_________(see)mecomein,forhe______(read)somethingwithgreatinterest.

4.I_________(l;et)youhavethebookassoonasI_________(finish)it.

5.Whilewe________(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy______(run)uptous.III單項(xiàng)選擇：

stuwillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.

'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'train

2.There___anEnglishfilmnextweek.

A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobe

3.Thepicture_______nice.

lookedlooking

4.She______downandsoonfellasleep.

A.liveB.lainC.laidD.lay

5.They_____theofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.

A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.getto

6.WeshallShanghaionbusinessbeforeyou_____backnextweek.

A.wilcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.come

7.Don'tsmokeuntiltheplane______off.

B.tooktakentake

8.Isawher__roomthismorning.

enterB.enteredC.enterD.enters

teaskedus______toschoolontime.A.tocome

10.Johnisa______others.

A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp

二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago,yes,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlong等。2.動(dòng)詞原形以ow／aw結(jié)尾，過(guò)去式常變?yōu)閑w。know—knew,grow—grew,throw—threw,draw—drew等。但是也有一些例外，例如：show—showed。3.許多動(dòng)詞只要將動(dòng)詞原形中的元音字母i改為a，就可變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式。begin—began,gve,sing—sang,swim—swam,sit—sat,drink—drank,ring—rang但是win—won例外。4．有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以o(a)ught結(jié)尾。bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught上述動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式究竟是以oughtt結(jié)尾，只要記住“有a則a，無(wú)a則o”即可。即:原形中有a的，過(guò)去式變?yōu)閍ught，否則為ought。5．以eep結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，常將eep改為ept構(gòu)成過(guò)去式。keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法1）表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,justnow,theotherday,in1982等連用。在一般過(guò)去式中，要表達(dá)“過(guò)多少時(shí)間之后”，一般用after。Wheredidyougojustnow?Afterafewyears,shestartedtoplaythepiano.2）表示在過(guò)去，經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與often,always等表示頻度的副詞連用。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.3）表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作。Thestudentsgotupearlyinthemorning,didmorningexercisesandthenreadEnglishaloudintheopenair.4）有些發(fā)生時(shí)間不是很清楚的情況，實(shí)際是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，也應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Hownicetoseeyouhere!Ithoughtyouwereout.另外，還可用過(guò)去時(shí)表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣。.Couldyoulendmeyourpen?特殊用法（一般過(guò)去時(shí)表現(xiàn)在）(1)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，由于時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的關(guān)系，可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在：Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.我不知道你在這兒。(were實(shí)際上指現(xiàn)在)Ididn’tknowyouweresobusy．我沒(méi)想到你這么忙。(were實(shí)際上指現(xiàn)在)(2)表示客氣委婉的現(xiàn)在：Iwonderedifyouwerefreethisevening.不知您今晚是否有空。Ithoughtyoumightlikesomeflowers.我想您也許想要些花?！咀ⅰ磕苓@樣有的動(dòng)詞主要限于want,wonder,think,hope,intend等少數(shù)動(dòng)詞。(3)用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中表示現(xiàn)在：It’stimewestarted.我們?cè)搫?dòng)身了。IwishIknewhisname.要是我知道他的名字就好了。I’dratheryoulivedclosertous.我希望你能住得離我們近點(diǎn)。【注】該用法主要用于it’stime,Iwish,I’drather,ifonly,asif,等少數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)后接從句的情形，其中有些結(jié)構(gòu)后面的句子還可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示將來(lái)：I’dratheryoucamenextMonday.我寧愿你下周星期一來(lái)。另外表主觀想法的虛擬條件句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在：IfIhadthemoneynowI’dbuyacar.假若我現(xiàn)在有錢，我就買輛小汽車。練習(xí)：1.—DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear?—_____________A.No,hedirgothereB.No,hehasnevergonehereC.No,heneverwasthereD.No,he’sneverbeenthere2.--I’msorrhavemissedthebus.It_________fiveminutesago.--WhatapA.wasleavingB.hasleft C.leftD.leaves3.--Mr.Johnson,wehavefoundyourwatch.--Mywatch！Thankyou.Where____it?A.doyoufindB.haveyoufoundC.didyoufindD.wereyoufinding4.LastweekJohn_____hisleg.A.feltandbrokenB.fellandbrokeC.feelsandbreaksD.fallenandbroken5.Jack_________histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.注意：1、時(shí)間，條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句一般是主將從現(xiàn)。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgocamping.2、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)（近主語(yǔ)原則）TherewillbeThereis/aregoingtobe具體情況（主要用于下面幾情況）主要用來(lái)描述將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在于未來(lái)的情況。這里所說(shuō)的“將來(lái)時(shí)間”是指“說(shuō)話、寫文章那一刻以后的時(shí)間”。它的表示方法主要有如下幾種：1）shall/w動(dòng)詞原形這種表示方法是說(shuō)，動(dòng)作在現(xiàn)在或目前還未發(fā)生，要在將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生；它沒(méi)有主觀性，是“純粹的將來(lái)動(dòng)作”。例如：Ishall/willnotbefreetomorrow.我明天沒(méi)空。2)be(am/is/are)+going+不定式這種表示方法主要是說(shuō)明A）“說(shuō)話人的意圖、打算”；B）“某種可能性”。例如：A)HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在倫敦度假。B)Itisgoingtorainsoon.馬上要下雨了。3)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（限于某些動(dòng)詞）表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事。主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事”。Theplanetakesoffat11:00.那架飛機(jī)上午十一點(diǎn)起飛。練習(xí)：1.Mr.Smith_______atalkoncountrymusicnextMonday.3Mary'hdayisnextMonday,hermother_____（give）herapresent.4.Itisverycoldthesedays.It______（snow）soon.5Iamafraidthere______（be）ameetingthisafternoon.Ican'tjoinyou.6.Mike______（believe,not）thisuntilhe______（see）itwithhisowneyes.7.Mostofusdon'tthinktheirteam______（win）.四、把下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)1．我叔叔今晚要來(lái)。2．他沒(méi)有打算住那座小屋。3．我們要讀這本書。4．-你爸爸要去釣魚嗎？-不。

四、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,ay(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)would,was/weregoingto,was/wereto，was/wereaboutto等+do基本用法1.賓語(yǔ)從句或間接引語(yǔ)中egHedidn'texpectthatwewouldallbethere.2.表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作egDuringthatperiod,hewoulddothiseveryday3.表示過(guò)去的愿望、傾向，多用于否定句om]A)ShetoldmethatshewouldgoontriptoEuropethenextday.她告訴我，她第二天要去歐洲旅行。Hedidn'texpectthatwewouldallbethere.他沒(méi)料到我們會(huì)全在那兒。B)Duringthatperiod,hewoulddomorningexerciseseveryday.在那段時(shí)間，他每天早鍛煉。Whenevhadtime,hewouldhelphismotherwithsomehousework.無(wú)論他什么時(shí)間有空,他總是幫他媽媽干點(diǎn)家務(wù)活。C)Nomatterhowdifficulttheworkwas,hewouldkeepondoingituntilheaccomplishedit.不管工作有多難，他總會(huì)堅(jiān)持不懈地把它干完。練習(xí)題I.選擇填空1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.A.as;cB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentBdspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit

B.hasvisited

C.isgoingtovisit

D.wouldvisit4.Ihope______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.A.tocome

B.iscomingC.willcome

D.wascoming5.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.took

B.wouldtakeC.takes

D.willtake6.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables.A.aregoingtogrow

B.weregoingtogrowC.willgrow

D.havegrown7.She______rkwhenthetelephonerang.A.isgoing

B.willgo

C.wasabouttogo

D.

istogoII.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.6.Iwasnewhetherhe_______(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.7.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.8.Whenevershehastime,she______(help)themintheirwork.五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.注：動(dòng)詞V-ing的構(gòu)成形式寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

1、shop

2、relax

3、jump

4、make

5、have

6、talk

7、tie

8、run

9、swim

10、cry

11、come

12、watch

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：1)表示現(xiàn)在（指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與now,rightnow,atthismoment等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：Wearewaitingforyounow.我們正在等你。2)表示現(xiàn)階段（說(shuō)話前后一段時(shí)間內(nèi)），一直在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)。說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如：Mr.iswritinganothernovel.他在寫另一部小說(shuō)。（說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。）Heisthinkingaboutthisproblemthesedays.這些天來(lái)他一直在考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題。3)表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，常與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，往往帶有說(shuō)話人的贊許、批評(píng)等主觀色彩。例如：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改變主意。4)表示漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。例如：Theleavesareturningred.葉子在變紅。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越來(lái)越熱了。5)表示一個(gè)在最近按進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。多有一個(gè)表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。這種情況僅限于少量動(dòng)詞，如：go,come,leave,arrive,see,have,lunch(吃午飯),return,dine(進(jìn)餐，尤指晚餐),work,sleep,stay,play,do,wear(穿，戴)等。等。例如：--Tom,

supper

is

ready.

Come

quickly.

-OK.

I'm

coming.

注意：表示狀態(tài)和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞如果指現(xiàn)在情況的話，一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。這樣的動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ove,

like,

hate,

want,

hope,

need,

wish,

know,

understand,

remember,

belong,

hear,

see,

seem,

have(有),

sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)),

taste（嘗起來(lái)）等。

練習(xí)：1.--Wherermother,Helen?--She________theflowersinthegarden.A.watersB.wateredC.iswateringD.haswatered2.--Hurryup!It'stimetoleave.--OK,________.A.I'mcomingB.I'llcomeC.I'vecomeD.Icome3.--ShallweinviteTomtoplayfootballnow?--Oh,no.Hehisclothes.A.iswashingB.washesC.haswashedD.washed--Mum,_______shallwehavelunch?--Wewillhaveitwhenyourdad_________.A.when;returnsB.where;returnsC.where;willreturnD.when;willreturn5.--TowillbeFather'sDay.Whatwillyoudoforyourfather?--Iwillsay"Iloveyou,Daddy"assoonashe_______up.A.willwakeB.iswakingC.wakesD.woke6.Ourteachersaidlight____fasterthansound.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.istravellingD.travels7.--Let'ishingifit_______thisweekend.--Butnobodyknowsifit_______.A.isfine,willrainB.willbefine,rainsC.isfine,rainsD.willbefine,willrain8.--Isyourfatdoctor?--Yes,heis.He________inTownHospital.A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.worked9.Thesun______intheeast.A.isalwaysrisingB.alwaysisrisingC.risesalwaysD.alwaysrises10.e________abookaboutNewYork.Idon’tthinkhewillfinishit.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.iswriting11.Zhaalotofhouseworkeveryevening,butnowhe________hisschoolmateswiththeirlessons.A.does;helpsB.does;ishelpingC.doing;helpsD.doing;helping12.Please

don’t

leave

the

office

until

your

friend____back.

A.came

B.comes

C.have

come

D.will

come13.Listen

!ne______in

the

next

room

.

A.cried

B.crying

C.is

crying

D.has

cried

must

tm

the

news

as

soon

as

you______him.

A.see

B.sees

C.will

see

D.is

seeing

15.BruceoriteslettersinEnglish.（用now改寫句子）16.Tinaoftendoesherhomeworkintheevening.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）17.Sheliayingvolleyballatschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）18.Myfatherisatwork.(同義句)19.TomiswaTVwithhisgrandpa.（一般疑問(wèn)句及回答）20.Heinahospital.（一般疑問(wèn)句及回答）特殊用法（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法之表將來(lái)）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)，主要表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：They’regettingmarriednextmonth.他們下個(gè)月結(jié)婚?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)均可表示將來(lái)，區(qū)別是：用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)，其計(jì)劃性較強(qiáng)，并往往暗示一種意圖；而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)，則其客觀性較強(qiáng)，即通常被視為客觀事實(shí)，多指按時(shí)刻表或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的情況：I’mnotgoingoutthisevening.今晚我不準(zhǔn)備出去。Whattimedoesthetrainleave?火車什么時(shí)候開(kāi)?

練習(xí)題寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________write_________read________have____g_______dance____put______see_____buy______love__________live______take________come________get________stop________sit________begin_____shop________二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：boy__________________(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen.Somegirls__________(sing)intheclassroom.

3.Mymother____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look.They_____________(have)anEnglishlesson.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：aredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)

①__________________________________________

②______________________________________2．I'mpthefootballintheplayground.(改為否定句)___________________________________3．Tomisreadiksinhisstudy.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)___________________________________四、時(shí)態(tài)提高題一.填空題1．Mr_______________(read)abooknow.2.Therabbits

_________________(jump)now.3..Look!TomandJohn___________(swim).4.Mybrother__________(make)akiteinhisroomnow.5.Loebus_______________(stop).6.We_______________(have)anEnglishclassnow.7.Listen!Someoneis__________________(come).8.They___________________(catch)butterfliesnow.9.He

_______________(do)anexperimentnow.10.They

_______________(collect)stampsnow.二、造句1).she,thewipen,now.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.)_______________2).is,who,thewindow,cleaning?(連詞成句)______________________3).Sheisclosingthedoornow.(改成否定句)______________________三、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子:(do)?

(sing)anEnglishsong.(mend)?

(mend)acar.六、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：atthiyesterday,atthattime，或以when/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Iwashavingashoweratthattime.

那時(shí)我正沖澡。2.

表示某個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景。Iwasreadingthenewspaperwhenthedoorbellrang.

3.

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)在語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。Shedidn'thearthedoorbell.Shewaslisteningtotheradio.

她沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)門鈴響，她在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。注：與

always,forever,frequently

等副詞連用，可表示某種感情的色彩。如：Shewasforevercomplaining.

她老是抱怨。(厭煩)Shewasalwaysthinkingofothers.

她老是想到別人。(贊揚(yáng))4.在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行。JennywasreadingwhileDannywaswriting.通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree,be,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(擁有),hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。例如：誤：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。誤：Iwasn’tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn’tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。6.用于故事的開(kāi)頭，交代故事發(fā)生的背景情況。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)所描述的動(dòng)作是“正在進(jìn)行”，所以，在這種情景中用“過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)”可以給讀者一種“動(dòng)感”，從而能使文章更加生動(dòng)活潑。例如：Oneniewastypinginhisstudy.Suddenly,amanbrokeintohishouseandcutofftheelectricity….一天晚上，他正在書房里打字。突然，一個(gè)人闖進(jìn)屋來(lái)，切斷了電源……7.（僅限少數(shù)動(dòng)詞）表示在過(guò)去的未來(lái)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：WhenNationalDaywascomingnear,theybegantomakeaplanfortheholiday.國(guó)慶節(jié)即將來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，他們開(kāi)始制訂度假計(jì)劃。ShetoldmshewasgoingtoHainanforherholiday.她告訴我她將去海南度假。8.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法之表將來(lái)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，主要是為了使語(yǔ)氣委婉、客氣。如：--Oh,we_______someshoppinginthesupermarket.A.havedoneB.didC.weredoingD.aredoing2.--Whatdoyouthinkofthecolourofmynewdress?--Sorry,butwhatdidyousay?I_________aboutsomethingelse.A.thinkB.thoughtC.amthinkingD.wasthinking3.ImyhomeworkwhilemyparentsTVlastnight.A.did;havewatchedB.wasdoing;werewatchingC.haddone;werewatchingD.woulddo;werewatching4.IcalledHannahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn'tgetthrough.Herbrother___onthephoneallthetime!

A.wastalking

B.hasbeentalking

C.hastalked

D.talked5.Idon'tbyou'vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook—I_____ittoyouthismorning!A.wouldlend

B.waslending

C.hadlent

D.lent6.—IsawJdherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.

—Impossible.She

TVwithmeinmyhomethen.A.watched

B.hadwatched

C.wouldwatch

D.waswatching7.—Whatdthinkofthemovie?

—It'sfantastic.TheonlypityisthatI__________thebeginningofit.一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.3.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.4.We________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity_______(go)off.5.She________(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers________(all,work)inthefields.二、選擇題______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.a.,wereringing

b.wascooking,rang

c.wascooking,wereringing

d.cooked,range_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.a.tries

b.tried

c.wastrying

d.willtryshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.a.waswg,washearing

b.watched,washearingc.watched,heard

d.waswatching,heard_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.a.werewg

b.watch

c.watched

d.arewatchingbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?a.did,rasseeing

b.did,read,sawc.were,reading,saw

d.were,reading,wasseeingwasFridayevening.MrandMrs.Green___readytoflytoEngland.a.aregetting

b.get

c.weregetting

d.gotFeng_____always_____ofotherswhenhe______inthearmy.a.is,thinking,was

b.was,thinking,is

c.did,think,is

d.was,thinking,wasgirl______mypenfalloffthetablewhenshe_____me.a.saw,passed

b.wasseeing,passedc.wasseeing,passedd.wasseeing,waspassing____fortomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus______.a.werewawaiting

b.werewaiting,wait

c.waited,waiting

d.waited,wait____hisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.a.helps

b.wouldhelp

c.washelping

d.ishelping七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化與過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化相同；不規(guī)則變化的需要我們單獨(dú)記憶，記住常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，例如：dosayheargohavesleepfindgetcutputeatbuycomereadpaythinkbringtell現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：1.表示過(guò)去成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already,yet,ever,never,just，before等詞連用。Youhavealreadygrownmuchtaller.2、表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并可能還要延續(xù)。往往和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，常用的有：for＋一段時(shí)間；since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句。（Since用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度），提問(wèn)用Howlong.Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.TheyhavelearnedEnglishfornineyears.3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)需注意的問(wèn)題：1）表示短暫性的動(dòng)詞（瞬間動(dòng)詞）不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（瞬間動(dòng)詞）的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯(cuò)）Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.（對(duì)）Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.2）不能和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday,lastweek,in1998,twodaysago等。3）have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別：hsbeentohave/hasgoneto4）比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，不和現(xiàn)在發(fā)生聯(lián)系，常與具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow等，；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Isawthisfilmyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Whydidyougetupsoearly?（強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了）HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.（強(qiáng)調(diào)他是團(tuán)員）練習(xí)：1.Youhave_____atallyoungman.A.grownB.grownintoC.grewD.grownup2.Hehas____thewatchforayear.A.buyB.boughtC.haveD.had3.I_____thisbookfortwoweeks,Ihavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekept4.Haveyou_____totheGreatWall?It'sverybeautiful.A.goneB.beenC.wentD.go5.Herbrother_____thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.hasbeeninD.wasin6.TheGreens___manyplacesofinterestsincetheycametoChina.3)有些動(dòng)詞表動(dòng)作，它們一般不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：be,believe,consist,find,forget,hate,have,hope,hear,know,like,love,notice,prefer,remember,see,seem,smell,suggest,taste,understand,want,wish,sitdown,standup等等。Be動(dòng)詞若是用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，可表示暫時(shí)、短暫的情況或表現(xiàn)。例如：Tomisbeingagoodboytoday.湯姆今天很乖。Heisbeingchildish.他這樣做是耍孩子氣。Youarenotbeingmodest.你這樣說(shuō)不太謙虛。4）關(guān)于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)問(wèn)題A.凡是"完成時(shí)態(tài)"道也不管動(dòng)作發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間,所以在使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子里，不可以帶有表示具體過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如：yesterday,lastweek(month,year,etc.),twoweeksago,in1999等；但常和有些副詞連用，如：just,before,already,often,never,ever,not…yet,always等等。B.在以when提問(wèn)的能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。另外，ago不能用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子里，因?yàn)樗硎緩默F(xiàn)在算起的以前某個(gè)時(shí)間，屬于表示具體過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。但是可以用before來(lái)表示"以前"的意義，因?yàn)樗槐硎?以前"，而不知什么時(shí)候的以前。C.如果是的動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子，不可以和以for表示的"一段時(shí)間"的狀語(yǔ)連用。在這種情況下，應(yīng)該用"Ithasbeen…；since…"的句式來(lái)表達(dá)。如：Hehasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.（錯(cuò)誤）Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.（正確）

特殊用法（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法之常用詞語(yǔ)）在下列5種情形下用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)1十一詞語(yǔ)①alrea定句中或句尾例:Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.②yet已經(jīng) 否定句和疑問(wèn)句句尾 例：Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?③ever曾經(jīng) 句中 例：Haveyoueverseenpandas?④never從不 句中 例：IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.⑤just剛剛 句中 例：Ihavejustdonemywork.⑥before以前句尾 例：Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.⑦sofar到目前為止 例：Sofarhehaslearnt200words.⑧howlong多久 例：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?⑨howmanytimes多少次 例：HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?=10\*GB3⑩inthepast…years(在過(guò)去…年中)：InthepasttwoyearsI’veseenhimlittle.過(guò)去兩年我很少見(jiàn)到他。Ihavebeenhere(for)thelastmonth.最近一個(gè)月里我都在這兒?！咀ⅰ吭谝欢ǖ纳舷挛睦?，若是以過(guò)去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)，也可用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。11uptonow(到現(xiàn)在為止)：Ihaveheardnothingfromhimuptonow.到現(xiàn)在為止我還沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到他一點(diǎn)音信。12It’sthefirsttimethat…(第一次…)：It’sthefirsttimeI’vecomehere.這是我第一次來(lái)這兒。2兩詞組 have<has>goneto去了某地例：HehasgonetoBeijing(去了北京) have<has>beento去過(guò)某地例：HehasbeentoBeijing.(去過(guò)北京)3兩結(jié)構(gòu)fortwomonthsfor+一段時(shí)間 Jimhaslivedherefor2months.sincelastyearsince+過(guò)去的點(diǎn)時(shí)間LucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsago.since3yearsagosince1990sincehecameheresince+一般過(guò)去態(tài)句子HehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.4如果句子里面沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，漢語(yǔ)意思能夠加“已經(jīng)”，往往用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 例：Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook?你已經(jīng)弄丟了從圖書館借的那本書嗎？ 5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還常常用于下列句型 Theyhaveplmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在過(guò)去的幾年，他們已經(jīng)種了很多樹(shù)。 ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.這是我曾經(jīng)讀過(guò)的最好的一本書。 ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.這是我第一次玩電腦游戲。重難點(diǎn)，必考在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，一次性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（錯(cuò)）因buy這個(gè)一次性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間for3years連用,改正的辦法有五種：第五種改法必考 ①Hehasboughtthebook.. (去掉一段時(shí)間for3years) ②Heboughtthebook3yearsago (改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，使句子的意思不變) ③It’s3yeaceheboughtthebook.=3yearshaspassedsinceheboughtthebook. （改為固定句型Itis---since---） ④Hehasnotboughtthebookfor3years. （改為否定句） ⑤Hehashadthebookfor3years. （用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have代替一次性動(dòng)詞buy）還有其他一次性動(dòng)詞也是這種情況，可參照前面的五種辦法改正，前四種改法都一樣，第五種改法各不相同，舉例如下：①come/arrive/getto/reach改為behere 例：Ihavecomfor3years.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Ihavebeenherefor3years.②leave/go改為beaway 例：Hehasleftfor3hours.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.③begin/start改為beon 例：Thefilbegunfor3minutes.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.④open改為beopen /close改為beclosed 例：Theasopenedfor3years.(錯(cuò)) 改為：Theshophasbeenopenfor3years.⑤die改為bedead 例：Hisfathdiedfor3years.(錯(cuò)) 改為：Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.⑥finish/end改為beover 例：Hehashedtheworkfor3days.(錯(cuò)) 改為：Theworkhasbeenoverfor3days⑦join 例：Ihavejoinedthearmyfor3years.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Ihaveinthearmyfor3years.或Ihavebeenasoldierfor3years.⑧buy/catch改為 have 例：Ihaveboughbikefor3years.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Ihavehadthebikefor3years. 例：Heughtacoldfor3days.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Hehashadacoldfor3days.⑨borrow改為keep 例：Ihaveborrowbookfor3years.（錯(cuò)） 改為：Ihavekeptthebookfor3years.其它補(bǔ)充如下：brebroken\getup改為beup\marry改為bemarried\become改為be\lose改為belost延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞①延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：表示的動(dòng)作是能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久的影響。如：learn\work\\lie\know\walk\keep\have\wait\watch\sing\read\sleep\live②終止性動(dòng)詞：也叫非瞬間動(dòng)詞，一次性動(dòng)詞，短暫性動(dòng)詞。表示的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束，產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)果。在有了某種結(jié)果后，動(dòng)作就不能再繼續(xù)下去。如：leavet\setout\arrive\reach\getto\begin\stop\shut\turnoff\marry\put\puton\getup\wake\fall\join\meet\receive\finish\end\complete\become\come\go\die\open\close\break\give\jump\buy\borrow一次性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 Hehasdiedforthreedays.（錯(cuò)，終止性動(dòng)詞die不能和一段時(shí)間forthreedays連用）

練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)選擇

his

p

look

sad.Maybethey

__what's

happened

to

him.Ａ.

knew

Ｂ.

haveknown

Ｃ.

mustknow

Ｄ.willknow2、He

______been

to

Shanghai,has

he?Ａ.

already

Ｂ.never

Ｃ.ever

Ｄ.still3、Have

you

r

Li______？Ａ.

just

Ｂ.

ago

Ｃ.before

Ｄ.

amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyearＡ.is

writing

Ｂ.was

writing

Ｃ.wrote

Ｄ.has

written5、-Ourc

______alotsofar.-Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.has

changed;well

Ｂ.

changed;goodＣ.has

changed;betterＤ.

changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already

______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studying

Ｂ.will;studyＣ.has;studied

Ｄ.are;studying7、We______Xiao

Li

since

she

was

a

little

girl.Ａ.know

Ｂ.

had

known

Ｃ.have

known

Ｄ.

knew8、HarryPisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.Ａ.

will

see

Ｂ.

have

seen

Ｃ.

saw

Ｄ.see9、-These

s

have

been

to

the

United

States.

-Really?When_____

there?Ａ.will

go

Ｂ.

did

they

goＣ.

do

they

go

Ｄ.

have

they

gone10、-______you___your

homework

yet?-Yes.I_____

it

a

moment

ago.A.HaveidB.DiddonedodonedidD.Dodoesdone二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thisfactory

________fortwentyyears.2MissGaolhourago.

(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.3HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）Her

mother_______the

Party

three

years

________.4TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.5Thebusrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子)

三、漢譯英1她還沒(méi)有看過(guò)那部新電影。2她去過(guò)上海。