2022屆北京市156高考英語倒計(jì)時(shí)模擬卷含解析

2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷

考生須知：

1.全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色

字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。

2.請(qǐng)用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。

3.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Don'trefertothedictionaryeverytimeyoucomeacrossanewwordassometimesitsmeaningmaybe

clearlyinagivencontext.

A.pickedoutB.ruledoutC.broughtoutD.takenout

2.—Iinthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep.

—Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.

A.willsitB.havesat

C.amsittingD.havebeenstting

3.Theboywaswavinghisstickinthestreetanditmissedthechildstandingnearby.

A.closelyB.narrowlyC.nearlyD.hardly

4.It'snaturalthatIdidn'trecognizeherimmediatelyIsawher.,ifsalmost5yearssincewemetlast.

A.AfterallB.InadditionC.WhafsmoreD.Inparticular

5.一Mr,White,doyouhaveanything?

一No,nothing.Youcantakearestnow.

A.typeB.typedC.totypeD.tobetyped

6.bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.

A.GivingB.Given

C.TogiveD.Give

7.Yourredcoatlookssogood.Itstoodoutclearlythesnow.

A.acrossB.against

C.throughD.over

8.Anoldladycametothebusstoponlythebushadgone.

A.torun;tofindB.running;tofindC.andran;findingD.running;finding

9.—Goodmorning.MayIhelpyou?

一No,thankyou.I'mjustlookingaround.

A.It'suptoyou.B.Howareyoufeelingtoday?

C.Thanksforcomingtoseeme.D.Takeyourtimethen.

10.HeletmewritedownhisinstructionssurethatIwouldknowwhatwasafterhewentaway.

A.making;doingB.making;todo

C.tomake;todoD.tomake;tobedone

11.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimhehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.

A.thatB.what

C.whereD.which

12.LiHua__hismoneyfordollarsbeforehewentonaholidayinAmerica.

A.exchangesB.hasexchanged

C.willexchangeD.hadexchanged

13.Paintingfromstillimagesleadstoalossofsensitivity,whichistoanartist.

A.absoluteB.urgentC.especialD.vital

14.Doyouhaveaminute?I'vegotsomethingtotellyou.

------Ok,youmakeitshort.

A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime

15.Thebeautifulmountainvillage__wespentourholidaylastyearislocatedinisnowpartofGuangxi.

A.which;whereB.where;whatC.that;whatD.when;which

16.ThismorningIpickedupwalletinsurpriseonmywaytoschool.

A.A;aB.the;aC.a;\D.\;the

17.theheavyrain,thecouplewenttothesupermarkettobuytheirsonagift.

A.InspiteofB.Exceptfor

C.ButforD.Insteadof

18.--thathemanagetogettheinformation?

…Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.

A.WherewasitB.Whatwasit

C.HowwasitD.Whywasit

19.Whatactuallytheaccidenthasnotyetbeendetermined.

A.broughtoutB.broughtonC.broughtaboutD.broughtup

20.一Excuseme,sir.Ybucan'tenterOfficewithoutpermission.

一Butthemanagerisexpectingme.

A.the；aB.an；theC.the；不填D.不填；不填

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）Peopletendtoacceptgroupsstandardsofbehaviorandthinkinginagroupwork.Many

illustrations（例證）couldbegivenofthisfromeverydaylife,butwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsishow

muchpeople'sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.Aschandothersnoticedthat

peopleinagroupwillagreetostatementsthatarecontrarytotheevidenceoftheirsenses.Itwouldbeamistaketo

thinkthatonlyparticularchangeablepeoplearechosentotakepartinexperimentsofthistype.Usuallyhighly

intelligentandindependentpeopleareused.

Inatypicalexperiment,thisiswhatmayhappen.Theexperimenterasksforvolunteerstojoinagroupwhichis

investigatingvisualsense.Theparticipantsarenot,therefore,awareoftherealpurposeoftheexperiment.Each

volunteeristakentoaroomwherehefindsagroupofaboutsevenpeoplewhoarecooperatingwiththeexperimenter.

Thegroupisshownastandardcardwhichcontainsasingleline.Theyarethenaskedtolookatasecondcard.Thishas

threelinesonit.Oneisobviouslylongerthanthelineonthefirstcard.Oneisshorterandonethesamelength.They

havetosaywhichlineonthesecondcardisthesamelengthasthelineonthestandardcard.Theothermembersofthe

groupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.

Whenhisturncomesheisfacedwiththeconsistentopinionoftherestofthegroup-alltheothershavechosenlineA

buthequiteclearlyseeslineBascorrect.

Whatwillhedo?AccordingtoAsch,morethanhalfofthevictimschosenwillchangetheiropinion.Whatisequally

surprisingisthat,wheninterviewedabouttheiranswers,mostexplainedthattheyknowthegroupchoicewasincorrect

butthattheyyieldtothepressureofthegroupbecausetheythoughttheymustbesufferingfromanopticalillusion（視

覺假象）,orbecausetheywereafraidofbeingdifferent.

1、Thepsychologistsareespeciallyinterestedin.

A.theevidenceoftheexperiment.B.thechangesintheattitudesofpeople.

C.thedifferenceinpeople'sbehaviorD.thedegreeofchangesofpeople火opinions

2、Whymorethanhalfofthevictimschangestheiropinionsintheexperiment?

A.Becausetheyhadbeentoldabouttheanswer.

B?Becausethoughtthegroupchoicewascorrect.

C.Becausetheysubmittedtothegrouppressure.

D.Becausetheireyesweresufferingfromillusion.

3、Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto?

A.illustratetheinfluenceofgrouppressureonindividuals

B.encouragepeopletoactagainstanygroupsopinion

C.invitemorevolunteerstojoininAsch*sexperiment

D.tellthereadershowtoperformpsychologicalexperiment

22.（8分）Sittingtoomuchislinkedtochangesinasectionofthebrainthatisimportantformemory,accordingto

arecentstudybyUCLAresearchersofmiddle-agedandolderadults.

Studiesshowthattoomuchsitting,likesmoking,increasestheriskofheartdisease,diabetesandprematuredeath.

ResearchersatUCLAwanttoseehowsedentarybehavior（sittingforlongperiodsoftime）influencesthehealthofthe

brain,especiallyregionsofthebrainthatareimportanttomemoryformation.

UCLAresearchersgathered35peopleaged45to75andaskedabouttheirphysicalactivitylevelsandtheaverage

numberofhoursperdaytheyspentsittingoverthepreviouswork.Eachpersonhadahigh-resolutionMRI（熱分辨磁共

振成像）scan,whichprovidesadetailedlookatthemedialtemporallobe,orMTL,abruinregioninvolvedinthe

formationofnewmemories.

TheresearchersfoundthatsedentarybehaviorisanimportantpredictorofthinningoftheMTLandthatphysical

activity,evenathighlevels,ismilenoughtocompensatetheharmfuleffectsofsiltingforlongperiods.

“Thisstudydoesnotprovethattoomuchsittingcausesthinnerbrainstructures,butinsteadthatmorehoursspent

sittingareassociatedwiththinnerregions,wresearcherssaid.Inaddition,theresearchersfocusedonthehoursspent

sitting,butdidnotaskparticipantsiftheytookbreaksduringthistime.

Theresearchersnexthopetofollowagroupofpeopleforalongerdurationtodetermineifsittingcausethetinning

andwhatrolegender（性別），race,andweightmightplayinbruinhealthrelatedtosilting.

“MTLthinningcanbeanindicationofcognitive（認(rèn)知的）declineinmiddle-agedandolderadults.Reducing

sedentarybehaviormaybeapossibletargetformeasuresdesignedtoimprovebruinhealthinpeopleatriskfor

Alzheimer'sdisease,researcherssaid.

1、WhatisthestudydonebyUCLAmainlyintendedtofindout?

A.Whatharmsittingtoomuchcauses.

B.Whysiltingtoomuchislikesmoking.

C.Howtoomuchsittingaffectsbrainhealth.

D.Whethertoomuchsittingcausesearlydeath

2、Participantswerescannedbyahigh-resolutionMRIto.

A.evaluatetheirmemoryloss

B.examinetheirMTLconditions

C.recordtheirphysicalactivitylevels

D.recordthelengthoflimefortheirsitting

3、WhatdoUCLAresearchersthinkoftheirstudy?

A.Itinagreatsuccess.

B?Itislittlepracticalvalue.

C.Itmusttargettheyoung.

D.Itstillneedstobeimproved.

4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LongSittingIsBadforYourBrain

B.HowtoImproveBrainHealth

C.SittingCausesManyHealthProblem

D.AnEasyWaytoPreventMemoryLoss

23.（8分）FourWildAnimalSpeciesWereEndangered

Maybeyoucanstillseethematthezoo.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthey'redoingalrightinthewild.

Tigers

Allsixtigerspeciesareendangered,withSumatrantigersandSouthChintigersataseriouslyendangeredstatus.

Themainreasonsfortheirpopulationdeclineareillegalhuntinganddestroyedhabitats（棲息地），ashumansclear

foreststogathertimber（木材）andbuildroadways.Onlyabout3890tigerspresentlyliveinthewild.

Groundsquirrels

That'sright,evensquirrelsareendangered,specificallytheSanJoaquingroundsquirrel.NativetoCalifornia,USA,

theseguyshavebeendisappearingsince1979onaccountoftheconstructionandhumandevelopmentsgoingthrough

theirhabitat.Theirtotalpopulationisunknown,butitcouldbeanywherebetween124000and413000.

Giraffes

TheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNaturerecentlyputgiraffesatavulnerablestatus,theleveljust

beforeendangered.Thegiraffepopulationhasdeclined40percentinthelast30years,primarilyduetolossofhabitat

andillegalhunting.Somegiraffesarekilledjustfortheirtails,whichareconsideredstatussymbolsinAfrica.

Asianelephants

ThemainthreattoAsianelephants,oneofthemostintelligentanimals,istheirshrinkinghabitat.Asthehuman

populationgrows,peopleinvadetheirlandtobuildroadsandrailwaytracks.ElephantsinMyanmarareatan

especiallyhighriskforbeingcapturedandtradedorusedillegallyinthetouristindustry.Fewerthan50000arelefton

theentirecontinent.

1、Whatisthetotalpopulationoftigerslivinginthewild?

A.Around3890.

B.50000.

C.124000.

D.413000.

2、Whichofthefollowingisconsideredoneofthemostintelligentanimals?

A.Tigers.

B.Giraffes.

C.Groundsquirrels.

D.Asianelephants.

3、Whatisthecommonthreattothefourwildanimals?

A.Illegalhunting.

B.Disturbedhabitat.

C.Developingtourism.

D.Unnecessaryconstruction.

4、Whichwordcanbestdescribethepresentsituationforprotectingwildanimals?

A.Satisfactory.

B.Optimistic.

C.Urgent.

D.Stable.

24.（8分）ALifesavingAt-HomeCheckup

Moreimportanceisattachedtophysicalfitnessnowadays.However,stayingfitcanbeexpensivewhengoingto

professionalagenciesformedicalcheckups.Hereweshowyouthreewaystodomedicalcheckupathome,trythemfora

roughideaaboutyourhealthcondition.

1BalanceOnOneLeg

Holdforupto60seconds.Ifyoufalldownearly,youmaybeathigherriskforbraindecline.InaJapanesestudy,

30percentofolderadultswhocouldbalanceforonly20secondsorfewerhadmicrobleedsinthebrain,anearlysignof

riskforstrokeordementia（癡呆）.Thesemicrobleedscanaffectbalance,memory,anddecisionmaking.

2TouchYourToes

Sitwithyourbackstraight,thenleanforwardandtrytotouchyourtoes.Notevenclose?Youmightbeatriskfor

heartproblems.Byusingthistest,UniversityofNorthTexasresearchersfoundthatsomeoldinflexiblefolkshaveto

havetheheartworkhardertoprovideenoughblood,raisingtheriskofheartattackorstroke.

3SittingToStanding

Timehowlongittakestoliftandloweryourselffromachairtentimesasfastasyoucan.Senioradultswhodid

tenrepetitionsin21secondsorfewerwerelesslikelytodieoverthenext13yearsthanthosewhotooklonger.Thetest

requiresmusclestrength,balance,andheartfitness;beingslowcouldmeanunderlyingdiseasebeforesymptomsarise.

Theabovearehometestseveryonecoulddotokeepyoufitandtheydon'trequiremuchtimeormoney.Learn

whatpossibledangersarehidinginsideyouandhowtodealwiththem.

1、Whatmaygowrongifyoubalanceononelegforonly20secondsorfewer?

A.Heart.B.Brain.C.Leg.D.Muscle.

2^Aperson'smusclestrengthcanbetestedby.

A.sittingwiththebackstraightB.balancingononeleg

C.touchingthetoesD.sittingtostanding

3、Thethreewaystodomedicalcheckupmentionedinthepassageare?

A.money-savingB.long-lasting

C.energy-demandingD.resources-wasting

25.(10分)TheFrickCollection(5thAvenueandE.70thStreet)

ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.HenryClayFrick,arichNew

Yorker;diedin1919,leavinghishouse,furnitureandartcollectionstoAmericanpeople.Frickhadapreferencefor

pre-twentiethcenturyWesternpaintings,andthesearewell-representedinthisexcellentcollection.Youcanalsoexplore

Frick'sbeautifulhouseandgardenwhicharewellworthavisit

GuggenheimMuseum(5thAvenueand88thStreet)

Thismuseumowns5,000excellentmodempaintings,sculpturesanddrawings.Theseartworksarenotall

displayedatthesametime.Theexhibitionisalwayschanging.ItwillappealtothosewholoveImpressionistand

Post-Impressionistpaintings.TheGuggenheimMuseumbuildingisalsoworld-famous.Thebestwaytoseethepaintings

istostartfromthetopfloorandwalkdowntothebottom.Therearenostairs,justacircular(環(huán)形的)path.

MetropolitanMuseumofArt(5thAvenueand82ndStreet)

Thereputationofthismuseumliesinthevarietyofitsartcollection.Thiscoversmorethan5,000yearsof

civilizationfrommanypartsoftheworld.Themuseumdisplaysmorethanjustthevisualdelightsofart.Itintroduces

youinancientwaysofliving.YoucanvisitanEgyptiantemple,afragrantMinggarden,atypicalroominan18th

centuryFrenchhouseandmanyotherspecialexhibitions.

WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt（945MadsionAvenue,near75thStreet）

TheWhitneyholdsanexcellentcollectionorcontemporaryAmericanpaintingsandsculptures.Thereareno

permanentdisplaysinthismuseumandexhibitionschangeallthetime.Everytwoyears,theWhitneyholdsaspecial

exhibitionofnewartbylivingartists.Themuseumalsoshowsvideosandfilmsbycontemporaryvideoartists.

1、WhatcanweknowaboutHenryClayFrick?

A.Heoncelivedapoorlife.

B.Hehadadeeploveforhiscountry.

C.Heleftallhispossessionstohisfamily.

D.Helovedtwentiethcenturypaintingsverymuch.

2、WhatdoGuggenheimMuseumandWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArthaveincommon?

A.Theybothhavestairsintheirbuildings.

B.Theybothholdartworksbylivingartists.

C.Theexhibitionsinthemarealwayschanging.

D.Theybothdisplaymodernpaintings,sculpturesanddrawings.

3、Ifyouareinterestedinancientcivilization,youcangoto?

A.TheFrickCollectionB.GuggenheimMuseum

C.WhitneyMuseumofAmericanArtD.MetropolitanMuseumofArt

4、WhatcanweinferaboutWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt?

A.Thereareonlypaintingsofgreatartists.

B.Itislocatedinthesameavenueastheothers.

C.Youcan'tenjoynewartoflivingartistseachyear.

D.Itisnotaspopularamongartloversastheothermuseums.

5、Thepassageismainlyabout

A.somefamousartistsB.somefamouspaintings

C.somefamousplacesofinterestD.somefamousartmuseums

第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）InthesummerbeforeIenteredmiddleschool,IreadthebookTheyCagetheAnimalsatNight.

IfsastoryaboutJennings,aboylivinginvariousorphanages（孤兒院）withonlyhisstuffedanimal（毛絨玩具），

Doggie,forcompanionship.Ifsafascinatingbook,butlittledidIknowhowitwould]mylifeandthelivesof

others.

Oneday,asIlookedacrossmyroomatthepileofstuffedanimals,a（n）2cametome.Iwould3

stuffedanimalsforchildrenlikeJennings.4,1contactedagenciesthatsupportthosechildrenand

theysaidthestuffedanimalswouldcertainly5children'sspirits.

Inamedmyproject“CuddleBuddies”.Iwrotearticlesforthelocalandschoolnewspapers,6

donationsofthe“buddies“一stuffedanimals.Myphone7ringing;schools,families,andtoyfactoriesall

wantedtohelp.Muchtomy8,bythesecondweekmylivingroomlookedlikeazoo.WheneverMomandI_

9the"buddies”totheagencies,thekidswouldbewaitingtherewiththeireyesdown,too10tolookbut

shakingwithexcitement.

Sixyearsafteritslaunch,CuddleBuddiescontinuesto11,Nowover25,000stuffedanimalshavebeen_

12___toagenciesworldwide.Simon,aseven-year-oldboyinanAfricanChildren'sHome,couldn'tsleepatnightafter

helosthisparents.Whenaskedtochoosehis“buddies”，Simon13apandaandsoonafterwassleeping

throughthenight.IneverdreamedCuddleBuddieswould14thisway.

Upongraduatingfromhighschool,Idesignedawebsite,,to15theproject.The

responsewas16,MoreandmorepeoplejoinedmeandtwodozenCuddleBuddies17were

establishedacrossthenation.

Thishasbeenagreatexperience.I'velearnedhowtofollowthroughonanideaandhowto18impact

alife.Iwillgotocollegewiththese19inmindandcontinuemyworkwithCuddleBuddies,

evenwhenI20awholenewsetofexcitingacademicandnonacademicpursuits.

1、A.touchB.riskC.leadD.save

2、A.chanceB.ideaC.explanationD.word

3、A.displayB.repairC.purchaseD.collect

4、A.PreviouslyB.OccasionallyC.ImmediatelyD.Gradually

5、A.captureB.reflectC.liftD.record

6、A.puttingasideB.turningdownC.askingforD.gettingback

7、A.delayedB.keptC.stoppedD.meant

8、A.knowledgeB.tasteC.regretD.delight

9、A.deliveredB.appliedC.rentedD.returned

10、A.shyB.contentC.weakD.eager

11、A.reformB.expandC.dominateD.divide

12、A.producedB.adoptedC.soldD.donated

13、A.pickedoutB.cameacrossC.showedoffD.broughtup

14、A.declineB.workC.increaseD.react

15、A.promoteB.startC.evaluateD.examine

16、A.confusingB.amusingC.automaticD.enthusiastic

17、A.companiesB.committeesC.branchesD.institutes

18、A.financiallyB.positivelyC.sociallyD.physically

19、A.plansB.imagesC.lessonsD.motives

20、A.workoutB.keepoffC.relyonD.engagein

第二節(jié)(每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.(15分)Once,threemengot(lose)intheforest.Theydecidedtheywouldstayintheforestuntiltheyfound

2,(they)way.Thenextmorning,onemanwenttofindsomefood.Soon,theothertwomenwere3?(surprise)tofind

himbackwithadeerandaskedhowhegotthedeer.Themanreplied,foundtracks,Ifollowedthetracks,andIgota

deer."Theybothwere4.(slight)confusedbecausehehadnoweapons.Afewdays5,(late),thesecondguywentin

search62_foodandsooncamebackwithadeertoo.Theothertwoaskedhowhemanaged7^_(get)thedeer.Hisreply

was8.sameasthefirstman's.Thenitwastheturnofthethirdguytosearchforfood.Manyhourspassed,andthe

thirdman9.(hold)nothinginhishandscameback,withbloodonhisface.Theothertwoaskedhim10,had

happened.Helookedatthemandrelied,UIfoundtracks,Ifollowedthetracks,andIgothitbyatrain."

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(滿分10分)

28.(10分)短文改錯(cuò)

Nowadaysmanypeopledriveinsteadoftakingabusorwalkingtowork^Itcausesmoretrafficaccidents>Asthe

student,whatcanwedotoguaranteeoursafe?Firstofa