小學(xué)英語可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞

4.1可數(shù)名詞一般來說個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計(jì)算，稱為可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。例如:abook,twobooks,astudent,threestudents,afamily,manyfamilies。名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)變化如下：◆詞尾直接加s如：cat——catsbag——bagsday——days◆以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的詞加es如：class——classes,match——matches,box-----boxes,dish----dishes,bus---buses,peach---peaches.◆以輔音加y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i加es.元音加y結(jié)尾的詞直接加s,如:party----partiescity----citiesstory----storiesfamily---familiesbaby---babiesboy----toysmonkey-----monkeyskey----keys等.◆以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞,變f或fe為v,加es,如:wife----wives,half----halves,shelf—shelves,knife---knives,life---lives,leaf---leaves.注意特殊情況直接加“s”，要逐個(gè)記chiefs,handkerchiefs,roofs.◆以輔音加o結(jié)尾的詞:有生命的加es如:tomatoes,potatoes,heroes.無生命的如s,如：:radios,zoos,pianos,photos◆名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)特殊變化也要逐個(gè)記得如:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,tooth---teeth,foot---feet,child--children,mouse-mice,goose---geese.（注意：以下單復(fù)同形：deer,sheep,species,means,Chinese,Japanese）練一練：一、請(qǐng)寫出下列詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.tooth___________2.deer____________3.boy____________4.bus______________5.man___________6.woman___________7.child__________8.watch_________9.diary____________10.

sheep___________11.box___________

12.people___________二、選擇題。()1．Thedeerhasfour______.A.footB.feetC.feetsD.foots()2．Hertwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemenD.policemens()3．Two______wouldcometothevillage.A.woman-doctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctors()4．Canyouseenine_____inthepicture?A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse()5..I

saw

many

_____

in

the

street.

A.

peoples

B.people

C.people’s

D.peoples’()6．Theboyoftenbrusheshis_____beforehegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths()7.Tom’sunclehasfiftyonhisfarmA.sheepB.sheepsC.sheepes4.2不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不能用數(shù)字計(jì)算包括物質(zhì)名詞(air,water等)及抽象名詞(advice,hate)等。所以它通常只有單數(shù)形式。如：English,air,water,cotton,work…不可數(shù)名詞的類別：食物：food,salt,bread,rice,beef,meat,pork,butter（黃油）,cream.液體：water,juice,milk,coffee,tea,coke,oil,wine.表示自然現(xiàn)象：snow,ice,rain,air.其他類：money,homework,housework,time,music,weather注意事項(xiàng)：1.數(shù)量的表達(dá)方式不可數(shù)名詞后面不可以加s,前面不能直接加數(shù)字，不能用a或an，常用some，much，alittle，alotof，plentyof表示多少。如：Twowater×onebread×twocupsofteas×somemilk一些牛奶plentyofjuice大量的果汁如：abottleofwater一瓶水,twocupsoftea兩杯茶,(1)不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，在表示數(shù)量時(shí)，常用“a+單位量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。數(shù)量為1的情況下：acupofteaabottleofjuiceaglassofwateraboxofmilkacanofcoke(2)數(shù)量>1的情況下：數(shù)詞+單位量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞\可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：twoglassesofwater;

fourcupsoftea;

threebottlesofjuice;

threepiecesofbread三片面包

apieceofpaper一張紙練一練：一、翻譯下面的短語。1.兩杯蘋果汁____________2.三瓶牛奶___________3.一杯咖啡___________4.許多家庭作業(yè)___________5.一些牛肉___________6.一杯茶__________二、選擇題()1.Theboyshavegotalready.A.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread()2.Wouldyoulike_______,please?A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters()3.Theresomeintheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish()4.Iwouldliketohave______.A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks()5.Whatareyoulisteningto,Jack?______or______?A.Music,anewsB.Music,newsC.Musics,newsD.Music,newes()6.Ihave______todoonSundays.A.manyhousewor