2021-2022學(xué)年云南省水富市第一中學(xué)高一年級上冊9月英語診斷卷（二）含答案

云南省水富市第一中學(xué)2021.2022學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期9月英語診斷卷（二）

第一局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分）

閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。

A

Urbanhouseholdassetsreachaverageof3.18millionyuanin2021

Editorsnote:Urbanresidents'averagehouseholdassets1資產(chǎn)）wereabout3.18millionyuan

inChinain2021andthatofBeijingresidentswasabout8.93millionyuan,thehighestinthe

country.

Distributionofhouseholdassetsofurbanresidents

Urbanresidents1householdassetsaremainlyphysicalassetswithhousingasthemainpart,

accountingforabout80%ofthetotal.

Thehousingownershipratewas96%,1.5setsfbreachhouseholdonaverage.

58.4%familieshaveonesetofhousing31.0%familieshavetwosetsofhousing

10.5%familieshavethreeormoresetsofhousing

HouseholdaverageassetsineasternregionsarehigherthanotherpartsofChina,withthe

amountinNortheastChinathelowest,accountingfbraboutonethirdofEastChina.

TopthreeregionswithhighesthouseholdassetsinChinain2021areBeijing,Shanghaiand

Jiangsuprovince.

Middle-agedandyoungpeopleandwell-educatedpeoplearemorelikelytohavedebts

Averagehouseholddebt:512,000yuan

Familieswithhouseholdersaged65orabovearemorelikelytoinvestinfinancialproducts

includingwealthmanagement,assetmanagementandtrust.

Theaveragevaluewasabout239,000yuan,about1.4timestheaverage.

Householddebtparticipationratebyhouseholder'seducationlevel

Householddebtparticipationratebyage

About73.1%ofthoseagedbetween26and35havehouseholddebt.

1.Howmanyfamilieshavemorethantwosetsofhousing,accordingtothepassage?

A.58.4%.B.31.0%.

C.10.5%.D.96%.

2.WhichregionhasthehighesthouseholdassetsinChinain2021?

A.Beijing.B.Shanghai.

C.Jiangsu.D.NortheastChina.

3.Whodoesprobablyhavethemosthouseholddebt,accordingtothereport?

A.LiHua,graduatingfromhighschool,37yearsold,workingasaself-employed.

B.SunYi,master'sdegree,35yearsold,workinginaITcompany.

C.ZhangYinyin,collegedegree,18yearsold,studyinginakeyuniversity.

D.ChenRui,Bachelor'sdegree,69yearsold,retiredfromthework.

B

JeremyLocke,whoownsaroofingandconstructioncompanyinGlaceBay,Nova

Scotia,hadalwaysbeenwantingtorepairtheroofofJeanetteMacDonald'shome.Wheneverhe

drovepastthewoman'shome,heassumedthattheroofwasunderrepairbecausethejobhad

alreadybeentakenonbyanothergroupofrepairmen—butastheweeksworeon,theroof

continuedtoworsenwithoutanysignsofrepair.

“Ihaditinmymindthatifnoonestepsuptohelpthisladyinourcommunity,Tdbemore

thanhappyto,〃LocketoldCBC.

WhenLockefinallyreachedouttoMacDonaldaboutfixingherroofforfree,however,she

politelydeclinedhisofferbecauseshedidnotliketoacceptcharity.Thatbeingsaid,shehad

alreadyappliedforagovernmentgrant（補助金）tofixtheroofandshesaidshewasmorethan

happytohireLockeoncehergrantapplicationwasapproved.

Unfortunately,MacDonaldneverreceivedtheapproval.

Asthestubborn（固執(zhí)的）CanadianseniorrefusedtoacceptanyassistancefromLocke,the

sympatheticconstructionworkerplayedaninnocenttrickinordertogethertoaccepthishelp.He

invitedMacDonaldtoenteraraffle（抽獎活動）thathisbusinesswasholdingforafreeroof.

Afterthegrandmother—of—fouracceptedoneoftheraffletickets,Locketoldherthatshewas

thewinner-becauseshewastheonlyonewhohadenteredtheraffle.

Thankstohissweetlittleplan,Lockeandhiscrewarestartingworkontheroofthisweek,

whichisexpectedtocosthiscompanyabout$9,000.

MacDonald,meanwhile,toldCBCthatshedoesn'tknowhowtoexpresshergratitudeto

Locke,sayingthatheisher"guardianangel".

"There'snobodyouttherelikehim,“sheadded.

4.WhatdidLockedesiretodoforMacDonald?

A.Repairherroof.B.Findarepairman.

C.Runacharity.D.Raisemoney.

5.WhydidMacDonaldrefuseLocke'sofferinitially?

A.Shedidn'ttrusthim.B.Shehadwonaraffle.

C.Shedidn'tlikefreehelp.D.Shehadgotanofficialgrant.

6.HowdidLockefinallymakeMacDonaldchangehermind?

A.Hepersuadedhertogiveupherapplication.

B.Heinvitedhertoenterhisbusiness.

C.Hegaveherabout$9,000.

D.Hetoldherawhitelie.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeLocke?

A.Stubbornandtricky.B.Wealthyandinnocent.

C.Determinedandwarm-hearted.D.Differentandambitious.

C

Peoplemadewingsandstrappedthemtotheiraims.Theyflappedtheirarmsbutcouldn't

fly.Theybuiltgliders（滑翔機），lightaircraftwithwings.Somedidn'twork,butsomedid.

Theglidersthatworkedhadspecialwings.Thesewingswerearchedonboththetopandthe

bottom.Theairpulledthewingsfromaboveandpushedthewingsfrombelow.Whenthewings

wentup,sodidtheglider!Archedwingshelpcreateaforcecalledlift.Liftistheforcethatkeeps

theglidersintheair.

Mostglidershavelong,thinwings.Thewingscreateenoughlifttocarrytheaircraftandits

passengers.Glidersusuallyridecurrentsofairthesamewayahawksoars（飛翔）.

Glidersareverylight,andlongwingsandaircurrentscangivethemenoughlifttofly.Butto

carrymorethanjustapassengerortwo,anaircraftneedsalotmorelift.Thequestionis:Howdo

youcreatemorelift?

Theengineistheanswer!

Theengineisamachinethatchangesenergyintomovement.Theforwardmovementthatan

airplaneneedstoflyiscalledthrust.Morethrustmakesanairplanemoveforwardfaster.Moving

fastercreatesmorelift.Andwithmorelift,anairplanecancarrymoreweightsoanaircraftwith

anenginecancarrypassengersorcargo.

In1903theWrightbrothersfiguredouthowtogetwingsandanenginetoworktogetherin

ordertogiveanairplaneenoughthrusttofly.TheymadethefirstpoweredflightatKittyHawk,

NorthCarolina.

Sincethenpeoplehavemadeairplanesthatcanflyfasterthansoundcantravel.Theyhave

madeairplanesthatcanflyallthewayaroundtheworldwithoutstopping.

Today,thousandsofpeopletravelinairplaneseveryday.Peoplereallyhavelearnedhowto

fly!

8.Ifaflyerwantstostayintheair,itneedsenough.

A.liftB.thrust

C.wingsD.engines

9.Whatmadetheflyersmovingforwardinthesky?

A.Theair.B.Thelift.

C.Thethrust.D.Thewind.

10.Anairplanecancarryheavyweightandflyveryfastmostlybecauseof________.

A.theliftB.thethrust

C.thesoundD.theengine

11.Thewholepassagemainlytellsus___

A.howgliderswerebuiltB.howimportanttheenginewas

C.howpeoplelearnedtoflyD.howthefirstairplanewasmade

D

Whenpeoplepausebeforereplyingtoaquestion,evenforjustafewseconds,their

an-swersaresupposedtobelesssincereandbelievablethaniftheyhadrepliedimmediately.And

thelongerthehesitationlasts,thelesssinceretheresponseappears.

Researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan7,500individuals.

Participantseitherlistenedtoanaudiorecord,viewedavideoorreadanaccountofaperson

respondingtoasimplequestion.Ineachcase,theresponsetimevariedfromimmediatetoa

10-seconddelay.Participantsthenratedthesincerityoftheresponseonaslidingscale.Acrossall

14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrateddelayedresponsesaslesssincerere-gardlessofthe

question.

Thefindingshavewideconnotations.Wheneverpeopleareinteracting,theyarejudgingeach

othefssincerity.Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeofinteractions,goingfrom

workplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Further,injobinterviewsandincourthear-ings

andtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsofsincerity.Here,too,responsespeedcould

playapart.Ingeneral,wheneverthereisaresponsethatrequiresananswer,suchasinajob

interview,delayedresponsescanbethoughtaslesssincere.

Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,iftheresponsedelaywassorted

bymistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermakingupwhenitwasinfactcausedbyadifferent

factor,suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtful.Theexperimentalsofoundthatdefinitely

instructingparticipantstoignoredelayedresponsereduced,butdidnotcom-pletelyremove,the

effectofdelayedresponseonjudgmentofsincerityorguilt.Nevertheless,onthewhole,afast

responseseemstoberegardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevenacouple

ofsecondsmaybeconsideredaslowlie.

12.Whatdoesthereliabilityofanswerslieonaccordingtothestudy?

A.Theresponsetime.

B.Theanswercontent.

C.Thetoneofspeakers.

D.Thedifficultyofquestions.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“connotations〃inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Choices.B.Responsibilities.C.Meanings.D.Possibilities.

14.Whateffectsdoesthestudyresulthaveonourlife?

A.Itisatesttojudgehonesty.

B.Itcanpreventalotofcrimes.

C.Itimprovesskillsinaskingquestions.

D.Itpromotestheharmonybetweenpeople.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Delayedanswersarelies.

B.Itisunfairtorequirealltoanswerslowly.

C.Delayedanswerscanleadtomisjudgment.

D.Delayedresponseshouldbeignoredcompletely.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項，選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余

選項。

UsefulMemoryStrategies

Formassociationsbetweennewandrememberedinformation.Ifyoucanlinknewideaswith

previouslyestablishedones,then,youcanincreasethechancethatnewmemorieswillbeformed.

Trycomingupwithafamiliarpicture,song,joke,orrhyme.16.Formapictureinyourmindthat

includesthenewfact.

17.Itmaybeboring,butsimplyrepeatingnewinformationoverandoverindifferentways

willhelpitstickinyourbrainbetter,especiallyifyouspaceouttherepetitionovertime.For

example,ifyou'retryingtorememberthedefinitionofanewword,readitseveraltimesto

yourself.Thenspeakthedefinitionoutloudacoupletimes,andtrywritingitdownonceortwice.

Teachsomeoneelsetheinformationyou'retryingtolearn.Teachingotherscanhelpyou

rememberandunderstandthingsbetter.Findaclassmateorco-workerwhoneedstolearnthe

sameinformation,formastudygroup,andtaketurnsteachingeachotherdifferentconcepts.18.!

Testyourselfafterlearningsomethingnew.19.Youhavetoactuallypracticefindingthe

informationfromyourmemoryinordertostrengthentheconnectionswithinyourbrain.20,In

thisway,youcanmakesureyou'vegotthemright.Ifyouanswersomethingwrong,youwillbe

morelikelytorememberitincorrectlyinthefutureaswell,soinstantlycorrectyourselfandrepeat

therightanswerafewmoretimes.

A.Besuretoimmediatelycheckyouranswers.

B.Makesurethatthebasicinformationisright.

C.Andyoucanassociatethemwiththenewmaterial.

D.Repeatnewfactsassoonasyoucomeacrossthem.

E.Simplyre-readingthesameinfonnationisn'tgoodenough.

F.Thenkeeptryingeffectivemethodsandcooperationwithothers.

GAlternately,askyourfriendsifthey'rewillingtolearnsomethingnewfromyou.

第二局部語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最

正確選項。

Icanstillremembertheafternoonwhenweclimbedthemountainasifitwereyesterday.It

wasasunnyday.21tospendsometimeoutdoors,IwentupthemountainwithUncle

Jimmy.Themountainwasnoteasytoclimbandhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,

22andhot,Icouldn'tgoanyfurther.23.wewentbackdownthemountainin

theend.Onthewaybackdown,UncleJimmyaskedmeaquestion,which24me

speechlessforasecond:44Whafsyourdream,younglady?”"Ihavenoidea,“Iansweredafter

thinkingforawhile.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthis25.Hedidn't26

wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Although27thoughthecouldsucceed,heknew

28whathisdreamwas—tobea29.“IknewIwasn't30whenit

cametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarketandsellthemafterclass,“hetold

me.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentitemsto31whichonewasmost

attractivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,but32-difficult

lifewas,henevergaveup.

“Thereisno33thatapersonwhoputsinagreatdealof34toreachhisor

hergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningoflifeistochaseyourdream,“hesaid

gently.

ThatnightIcouldnotfallasleep.Withmyeyeswideopen,Ilayinbedtossingandturning,

askingmyself"What'smymotivation?Iwantedtobeatopstudent,butthehardwork

35meantputtingeverythingintofollowingmy36.IfIfindmyself

37willpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthe

mountainagainallbymyself.Itmademethink:Ifwedon't38theclimb,howcanwe

gettoenjoythesceneryonthetopofthemountain?Atlast,Ireachedthetopandwas39

bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemore40thanthat.

21.A.HesitantB.UnwillingC.SatisfiedD.Eager

22A.worriedB.anxiousC.exhaustedD.scared

23.A.ConsequentlyB.HoweverC.MeanwhileD.Furthermore

24.A.causedB.leftC.pushedD.brought

25.A.careerB.storyC.ideaD.confusion

26.A.behaveB.performC.respondD.impress

27.A.somebodyB.everybodyC.nobodyD.anybody

28.A.shortlyB.directlyC.clearlyD.rapidly

29.A.chefB.scholarC.deliverymanD.businessman

30.A.giftedB.skilledC.diligentD.knowledgeable

31.A.makesureB.checkinC.figureoutD.counton

32.A.whateverB.howeverC.whereverD.whichever

33.A.needB.doubtC.wonderD.possibility

34.A.talentB.potentialC.ambitionD.effort

35.A.directedB.connectedC.pulledD.involved

36.A.passionB.abilityC.strengthD.demand

37.A.lackingB.sharingC.desiringD.possessing

38.A.graspB.approachC.experienceD.recognize

39.A.shockedB.amusedC.honoredD.greeted

40.A.pleasantB.unexpectedC.relaxingD.challenging

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

MovingaroundBogotacanbeabitofanextremeexperience.Ontheonehand,thiscityhasa

badreputationforhavingtheworld's41.(bad)traffic.Yet,ontheother,itscyclinginfrastructure-

42.(onsider)amodelofsustainableurbantraffic.Thiscityevenhasaspecialmovementcalled

Ciclovia,43.(encourage)1.5millionpeopletobikefor128kmoncar-freestreetseachSunday

morning.CarlosPardo,44.localcyclingsupporterattheNewUrban

TrafficUnionsays:€tEveryonestartsusingabicyclebecausewehavethisbikeculturethanks

totheCiclovia/'Bikinghasregained45.(popular)aroundtheworldasurbanresidentsavoid

usingpublictransporteversincetheoutbreakofcoronavirus.Now,manysupportersareworking

withthelocalgovernment46.thehopeofturningthesepandemicresponsemeasuresintolasting

changes,whichwill47?(dramatical)changethewaypeopletravelacrosscities.

Next48.(come)thequestionofhowgovernmentcankeepcitizenscyclingtoworkoncethe

coronaviruspasses.Localauthoritiesneed49.(improve)thebikenetworks,ensuringthatthey

arewellmaintainedeveninpoorweather.Plus,theycancarryoutsimplepolicies50.can

encouragecycling,includingcuttingdowntax,reducinghealthcarecostsorofferingworkers

compensationpackagesthatincludebenefitsfbrbikeriders.

第三局部寫作(共兩節(jié)，總分值30分)

第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10題；每題I分，總分值10分）

一、假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共

有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（△）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Inmychildhood,myparentssentmetolearnChinesecalligraphy.However,thingsarequite

oppositetotheirexpectations.NotonlyIgetboredwithhoursofpracticebutalsoIdoubtedabout

thevaluableofit.Nevertheless,whenIenteredhighschool,writecalligraphyprovedboth

essentialorbeneficial.ItwasatthattimewhenIrealizedhowimportantitistomasteracertain

skill.

Judgingfrommyownexperience,Iwanttosayafewwordtothosechildrenwhohavea

sametroubleas1did.Donotrefusetolearnas

第二節(jié)書面表達（總分值25分）

假定你是李華，你校正在選拔交換生去英國St.MarySchool學(xué)習(xí)。請你給英語老師Mr.Smith

寫信推薦自己，要點如下：

1.推薦自己；

2.自薦理由（性格、能力等方面

關(guān)注：

1.寫作回數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearMrSmith.

LiHua

A

這是一篇新聞報道。2021年中國城鎮(zhèn)居民平均家庭資產(chǎn)（資產(chǎn)）約為318萬元。文章從四個方

面對此進行了分析。其中北京居民約為893萬元，居全國首位。

1.C

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Distributionofhouseholdassetsofurbanresidents中的10.5%

familieshavethreeormoresetsofhousing.10.5%家庭擁有三套或三套以上住房。由此可知，

超過兩套及以上房產(chǎn)的家庭有10.5%。應(yīng)選C。

2.A

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Distributionofhouseholdassetsofurbanresidents中的Topthree

regionswithhighesthouseholdassetsinChinain2021areBeijing,ShanghaiandJiangsu

province.2021年中國家庭資產(chǎn)最高的前三個地區(qū)是北京、上海和江蘇省。由此可知，2021

年中國家庭資產(chǎn)最高的地區(qū)是北京。應(yīng)選A。

3.B

推理判斷題。根據(jù)Householddebtparticipationratebyhouseholder'seducationlevel中的圖表

可知，家庭債務(wù)參與率最高的是有master^degree（博士學(xué)位）的人，由此可推知，B項（Sun

Yi,master'sdegree,35yearsold,workinginaITcompany）可能家庭債務(wù)率最高。應(yīng)選B。

B

這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了JeremyLocke為JeanetteMacDonald免費修理屋頂?shù)慕?jīng)歷。

4.C

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段“JeremyLocke,whoownsaroofingandconstructioncompanyinGlace

Bay,NovaScotia,hadalwaysbeenwantingtorepairtheroofofJeanetteMacDonald'shome.“可

知，JeremyLocke一直都很想修理JeanetteMacDonald家的屋頂，A項切合題意。應(yīng)選A項。

5.C

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“shepolitelydeclinedhisofferbecauseshedidnotliketoaccept

charity.〃可知，她禮貌地拒絕了Locke的幫助是因為他不想接受免費的幫助，C項切題。應(yīng)

選C項。

6.D

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Asthestubborn［固執(zhí)的）Canadianseniorrefusedtoacceptany

assistancefromLocke,thesympatheticconstructionworkerplayedaninnocenttrickinorderto

gethertoaccepthishelp"可知，因為這位固執(zhí)的加拿大老人拒絕Locke的幫助，這個有同情

心的建筑工人玩了一個善意的手段來讓她接受幫助,意在說明Locke說了一個善意的謊話使

得MacDonald改變了主意，D項切題。應(yīng)選D項。

7.C

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ihaditinmymindthatifnoonestepsuptohelpthisladyinour

community,Fdbemorethanhappyto〃可知如果沒人出面幫這位女士修屋頂，Locke非常愿

意幫助修理，說明Locke樂于助人，很熱心。結(jié)合下文第五段中“Asthestubborn（固執(zhí)的）

CanadianseniorrefusedtoacceptanyassistancefromLocke,thesympatheticconstructionworker

playedaninnocenttrickinordertogethertoaccepthishelp."可知為了讓MacDonald接受幫

助，Locke說了一個善意的謊話，意在說明Locke是一個很有決心的人，C項“有決心、熱

心〃符合題意。應(yīng)選C項。

C

本文是一篇說明文。本文主要告訴人們是怎樣學(xué)會飛行的。

8.A

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Liftistheforcethatkeepstheglidersintheair.升力是使滑翔機保

持在空中的力。由此可知，如果一個飛行器想要停留在空中，它需要足夠的升力，應(yīng)選A。

9.C

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Theforwardmovementthatanairplaneneedstoflyiscalledthrust.

飛機飛行所需要的向前運動叫做推力，由此可知，推力使飛行器在空中向前移動，應(yīng)選C。

10.D

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Andwithmorelift,anairplanecancarrymoreweightsoanaircraft

withanenginecancarrypassengersorcargo.隨著升力的增加，飛機可以承載更多的重量，所

以有引擎的飛機可以承載乘客或貨物。由此可知，一架飛機能夠攜帶重物并且飛得很快，這

主要是因為它的發(fā)動機，應(yīng)選D。

11.C

主旨大意題。瀏覽全文以及文章最后一段的Peoplereallyhavelearnedhowtofly人們真的學(xué)

會了飛行，可知本文主要告訴人們是怎樣學(xué)會飛行的，應(yīng)選C。

D

這是一篇說明文。當人們在答復(fù)以下問題前稍做停頓時，即使只有幾秒鐘，他們的答復(fù)也會

被認為不如立即答復(fù)來得真誠和可信。猶豫的時間越長，回應(yīng)就顯得越不真誠。

12.A

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Acrossall14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrated

delayedresponsesaslesssincereregardlessofthequestion.（在所有的14個實驗中，參與者一致

認為不管問題是什么，延遲的答復(fù)都不夠真誠）〃可知，答案的可靠性取決于響應(yīng)時間。應(yīng)

選Ao

13.C

詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第三段第三句和第四句"Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeof

interactions,goingfromworkplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Further,injobinterviews

andincourthear-ingsandtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsofsincerity.（這些結(jié)果可

以應(yīng)用于廣泛的互動，從工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之間的爭吵。此外，在工作面試、法庭聽證

和審判中，人們經(jīng)常被要求做出真誠的判斷）〃可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有廣泛的含義。由此推知，

劃線詞connotations意為“含義〃。應(yīng)選Co

14.A

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Nevertheless,onthewhole,afastresponseseemstobe

regardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevenacoupleofsecondsmaybe

consideredaslowlie.（然而，總的來說，一個快速的反響似乎被認為是更真誠的，而一個反響

延遲甚至幾秒鐘可能被認為是一個緩慢的謊話）〃可知，這個研究的結(jié)果在我們生活中的影

響是這是一種判斷老實與否的考驗。應(yīng)選A。

15.C

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,

iftheresponsedelaywassortedbymistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermakingupwhenitwas

infactcausedbyadifferentfactor,suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtful.（如果把反響延

遲誤歸為思想控制或編造答案，而實際上是由于其他原因，如分心或考慮太多，這對應(yīng)答者

來說是不公平的，比方犯罪嫌疑人）〃可知，延遲的答復(fù)會導(dǎo)致錯誤的判斷。應(yīng)選C。

【點睛】

做細節(jié)題時，用題干直接在文章中進行定位，與題干意思相符的原文或是在原文附近就是答

案的位置。如第二題，根據(jù)題干Whatmadetheflyersmovingforwardinthesky?可定位在原

文的第六段的Theforwardmovementthatanaiiplaneneedstoflyiscalledihrust.既是答案所

在。

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:因為渴望戶外的時光，我與Jimmy叔叔一起

去爬山。A.Hesitant猶豫的；B.Unwilling不情愿的;C.Satisfied感到滿意的；

D.Eager渴望的。根據(jù)后文"tospendsometimeoutdoors,Iwentupthemountain

withUncleJimmy"可知陽光明媚的美好天氣下，應(yīng)該是戶外游玩的好時候，作

者渴望在這樣好的日子里去戶外，應(yīng)選D。

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我又累又熱，再也走不動了。A.worried

擔憂的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.exhausted感到疲勞的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)

后文“andhot,Icoukln'tgoanyfurther"可知，作者最后是因為感到勞累與天氣

熱而放棄這次爬山。應(yīng)選C。

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，最后我們下山返回了。A.Consequently因

此；B.However然而;C.Meanwhile期間，同時；D.Furthermore而且。上文提

到作者因為感到勞累與天氣熱走不動，后文那么說下山返回了，為因果關(guān)系，

Consequently符合語境。應(yīng)選A。

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在下山返回的路上,Jimmy叔叔問了我一個問題，

使我一時無言以對，他說：“你的夢想是什么，小姐？"。A.caused引起；B.left

留下;C.pushed推；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)后文“mespeechlessforasecondz，可

知，是叔叔的話作者無言以對。短語"leavesb.adj",形容詞speechless作賓補，

其他選項無此用法。應(yīng)選B。

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他笑著給我講了他自己的故事。A.career

事業(yè)；B.story故事；C.idea主意；D.confusion困惑。結(jié)合后面講叔叔上學(xué)時的

經(jīng)歷，可知是他給作者講的是他本人的故事，應(yīng)選B。

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生時期他在校表現(xiàn)不好。A.behave行為；B.

perform表現(xiàn)；C.respond回應(yīng)；D.impressE[J象。根據(jù)后文“wellatschoolwhenhe

wasastudentz，可知，是指學(xué)生時期在校表現(xiàn)不好。應(yīng)選B。

考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然沒有人認為他會功，但是他清楚的知道

自己的夢想是什么。A.somebody某人；B.everybody每人；C.nobody沒有人；

D.anybody任何人。上文提到叔叔在校表現(xiàn)不好，所以是沒有人會認為他會成功。

應(yīng)選C。

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然沒有人認為他會成功，但他清楚地知道他的

夢想是什么成為一個商人。A.shortly簡短地；B.directly直接地；C.clearly

清楚地；D.rapidly快速地。根據(jù)后文“whathisdreamwastobea"可知,叔叔

清楚地知道自己的夢想是做一名商人。應(yīng)選C。

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然沒有人認為他會成功，但他清楚地知道他的

夢想是什么成為一個商人。A.chef廚師；B.scholar學(xué)者；C.deliveryman送

貨員；D.businessman商人。結(jié)全下文“Itriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarket

andsellthemafterclass”他賣各種東西可知，他的夢想是做一名商人。應(yīng)選D。

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我在學(xué)習(xí)方面沒有天賦。A.gifted有天

賦的；B.skilled技術(shù)嫻熟的；C.diligent勤勞的;D.knowledgeable有學(xué)識的。根

據(jù)上文“Hedidn't…wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent."可知,叔叔在學(xué)校表

現(xiàn)不好，說明他在學(xué)習(xí)上沒有天賦。應(yīng)選A。

考查動詞短語辨析。句意：離開學(xué)校后，他開始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚

哪種商品最能吸引顧客。A.makesure確保；B.checkin登記入住；C.figureout

理解,弄明白；D.counton依賴。根據(jù)后文"whichonewasmostattractiveto

customers/7可知，此處是指叔叔搞清楚顧客最想買什么，應(yīng)選C。

考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，他的口袋里經(jīng)常沒有錢，但無論生活多么

困難，他從不放棄。A.whatever無論什么；B.however不管怎樣，無論如何；

C.wherever無論哪里；D.whichever無論哪個。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示''無論

多么困難”應(yīng)用however。應(yīng)選B。

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，一個人如果付出了巨大的努力去實現(xiàn)

他或她的目標，他會在某個時候擁有好運。A.need需要；B.doubt疑心；C.wonder

奇跡；D.possibility可能性。此處為固定句型thereisnodoubtthat---"毫無疑

問……"。應(yīng)選B。

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，一個人如果付出了巨大的努力去實現(xiàn)

他或她的目標，他會在某個時候擁有好運。A.talent天賦；B.potential潛能；C.

ambition雄心壯志；D.effort付出，努力。結(jié)合后文"toreachhisorhergoal”以

及常識可知，指人要付出努力，才能實現(xiàn)夢想。應(yīng)選D。

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想當一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艱辛工作意味

著我所做的每件事都要跟隨我的激情。A.directed被指導(dǎo)；B.connected被連接；

C.pulled被拉;D.involved涉及。結(jié)合上文“Iwantedtobeatopstudent,butthehard

work”可知，要想成為尖子生，就要涉及到投入艱辛的工作。應(yīng)選D。

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想當一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艱辛工作意味

著我所做的每件事都要跟隨我的激情。A.passion激情，酷愛的事物；B.ability

能力；C.strength優(yōu)點；D.demand需求。結(jié)合上文可知，追求自己的夢想，就

該跟隨自己內(nèi)心的激情，做自己喜愛的事物，應(yīng)選A。

考查動詞詞義辨析句意：如果發(fā)現(xiàn)自己缺乏意志力，我該怎么辦？A.

lacking缺乏；B.sharing分享；C.desiring渴望;D.possessing擁有。結(jié)合上文作

者登山半途要返回，可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己缺乏意志力，應(yīng)選A。

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不經(jīng)歷攀登，我們怎能享受到頂峰上的風(fēng)景？

A.grasp抓?。?；B.approach靠近；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.recognize識別。根據(jù)

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