2024版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)教材復(fù)習(xí)Unit4HistoryandTraditions教師用書新人教版必修第二冊

Unit4HistoryandTraditionsⅠ．詞塊記單詞1．twochiefadvantages兩個(gè)主要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)2．thenearbycountry附近的國家3．militarydefence軍事防御4．legalsystems法律制度5．getourcarbatterycharged給我們的汽車電池充電6．theamountofnoise噪聲的量7．theNationalGallery國家美術(shù)館8．a(chǎn)pproachthepainting接近繪畫作品9．ensurethesafedelivery確保安全送達(dá)10．beautifulnaturallandscape美麗的自然風(fēng)景11．bepositionedonthehill固定在山上12．rollinggreenhills連綿起伏的青山13．theroaroftheoceanwaves海浪的咆哮14．greetthenewday迎接新的一天15．Chinesetraditionsandcustoms中國的傳統(tǒng)和習(xí)俗Ⅱ．語境記單詞1．Shehasgrownintoquiteanindividualandsheexpressesherindividualitythroughherclothes．(individual)2．Thepuzzledlookonherfacesuggestedshewaspuzzlingoverthepuzzlingmathsproblem．(puzzle)3．Severalpeoplewitnessedtheattack,butnoonecametohisdefence,sohehadtodefendhimself．(defend)4．Surroundedbythegreentrees,thesurroundingsofourvillageareveryenjoyable．(surround)5．Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty．(evident)6．Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity,whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseofachievement．(achieve)7．Themuseumislocatedinthesouthwestofthecityandyoucanfinditslocationeasilyonthemap．(locate)8．Iwasdeeplyfascinatedbythefascinatingsceneryofthescenicspot．(fascinate)9．Itwasannouncedthattheamusementparkwouldbeclosed．Wewereshockedbytheannouncement．(announce)10．LiBai,agreatTangpoetwhowroteover1，000poemsintotal,madegreatcontributionstoChinesepoetry．(poem)Ⅲ．語境記短語1．Iamcertainbynomeanswillhebreakhiswordsincehehaspromisedanamountof(大量)moneytothepoor．2．It'sgoodforyoutobreakawayfrom(脫離)yourbadhabits,butit'swrongofyounottokeepupthegoodhabits．3．AsfarasIamconcerned,successbelongsto(屬于)thosewhokeepontrying．4．Sharingisawayofbehaviouraswellas(和)agoodqualityofpeople．5．Whenshopping,keepyoureyesopenfor(留意)thoseenergy-savingmachines．6．TheGoldenGateBridgejoinsthecityofSanFranciscowithsuburbsto(把……和……連接起來)thenorth．7．Heiseagerto(渴望)trysomethinghehasnevertriedbefore．8．Theirhouseissimilarto(和……類似)ours,butourshasabiggergarden．9．Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas(被稱作)“white-collarworkers”．10．Itwasreportedthataburningcigaretteendresultedin(導(dǎo)致)thebigfire．Ⅳ．公式練句型1．當(dāng)今記得他的人，如有的話，也不多了。(if省略句)Therearefewpeoplenowadays,ifany,whorememberhim．2．使我吃驚的不是他說什么而是他說話的方式。(theway＋定語從句)Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway(that/inwhich)hesaidit．3．今年夏天我要把我的房間裝修一下，因?yàn)樗悬c(diǎn)舊了。(havesth．done)Iwillhavemyroomdecoratedthissummerbecauseitisabitold．4．一切安排妥當(dāng)后，項(xiàng)目正按計(jì)劃、一步一步地順利進(jìn)行著。(withsth．done)Witheverythingarrangedproperly,theprojectisprogressingsmoothlyasplanned,stepbystep．1．surroundvt．圍繞；包圍[素養(yǎng)佳句](2020·浙江卷7月)Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,whichwassurroundedbyahighwirefence．這只饑餓的熊跟著嗅覺來到了我們的營地，營地四周有高高的鐵絲圍欄。(1)surround...with/by...使……被……包圍(2)surroundingadj．周圍的(3)surroundingsn．環(huán)境(通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)——單句語法填空①(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurrounding(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears．②(2019·江蘇卷)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surrounded(surround)byhisfamily．③Surrounding(surround)yourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithsupportcanbeverybeneficial．④Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundings(surround)duringthejourney?——完成句子⑤ToAnnie'sdelight,surroundedbyhisclassmates,Markseemedlikearockstar,cheerfulandproud．令安妮高興的是，在同學(xué)們的簇?fù)硐?，馬克看起來像個(gè)搖滾明星，振奮而自豪。2．chargevt．收費(fèi)；控告；充電n．收費(fèi)；主管；指控；控告；指責(zé)；批評[素養(yǎng)佳句]Wealsohaveaswimmingpool,whichisopenalldayandfreeofcharge．我們還有一個(gè)游泳池，全天免費(fèi)開放。(1)chargesb．withsth．因某事控告某人chargesb．for...向某人索取……的費(fèi)用(2)freeofcharge/forfree免費(fèi)incharge(of)主管；負(fù)責(zé)；照顧inthechargeofsb．/inone'scharge由某人負(fù)責(zé)/管理takechargeof掌管；負(fù)責(zé)；看管——單句語法填空①Ifyourcardhasbeenlost,afeeof￡5ischargedfortheproductionofareplacementcard．②(2020·天津卷5月)SupposeyouareinchargeoftheShyandMightySociety,whatwillyoudotohelpothershypeople?③Yourorderwillbedeliveredfreeofchargewithinaten-milelimit．——一句多譯他不能掌管這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)檫@超出了他的能力。④Theprogrammecan'tbeinhischargebecauseitisbeyondhisability．⑤Hecan'tbeinchargeoftheprogrammebecauseitisbeyondhisability．⑥Hecan'ttakechargeoftheprogrammebecauseitisbeyondhisability．inchargeof多以人作主語，指“某人負(fù)責(zé)/主管某事”；inthechargeof多以物作主語，指“某物由某人掌管”。類似的還有：inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof等。3．a(chǎn)mountn．金額；數(shù)量[素養(yǎng)佳句]Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives．它是根據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪挟a(chǎn)生的溫室氣體量來計(jì)算的。(1)asmall/largeamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞少/大量的……amountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞大量的……(2)amountto合計(jì)；共有——單句語法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans．②It'sreportedthatalargeamountofmoneywasspent(spend)onthebridge．③It'sreportedthatlargeamountsofmoneywerespent(spend)onthebridge．——完成句子④It'ssaidthatalargeamountofcapitalisinvestedinthebranch．據(jù)說一大筆資金投入到了這個(gè)分公司。amount的短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞在數(shù)上與amount的數(shù)保持一致。修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞匯有：agreatdealof,alargesumof,little和alittle等。4．a(chǎn)pproachvi．接近；靠近；走近vt．接近；接洽；對付；著手處理n．接近；方法；途徑[素養(yǎng)佳句]Thecloserweapproachthetruth,themorefascinatingitbecomes．越是接近真理，便愈加發(fā)現(xiàn)真理的迷人。theapproachof……的來臨anapproachto(doing)...(做)……的方法；通向……的路withtheapproachof隨著……的到來——單句語法填空①(2022·北京卷)Asystemsapproachtocreating(create)changeisalsobuiltontheassumptionthateveryoneinthesystemhasequalpower．②(2020·浙江卷7月)Icouldn'tseeDon,butasIapproached(approach)thetractorhejumpedoutontotheroad,apparentlyunhurt,anddashedbacktome．③Approaching(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight．——一句多譯(2020·浙江卷7月寫作)隨著高考的臨近，我們正在為它做充分的準(zhǔn)備。④Withtheapproaching/comingoftheCollegeEntranceExamination,wearemakingfullpreparationsforit．⑤AstheCollegeEntranceExaminationisdrawingnear/approaching/aroundthecorner,wearemakingfullpreparationsforit．【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】“(做)某事的方法”的正確搭配：①theapproachto(doing)sth．②thewaytodo/of(doing)sth．③themeansof(doing)sth．④themethodof(doing)sth．5．if條件狀語從句的省略[素養(yǎng)佳句]Heseemstohavelittle,ifanything,todowiththis．若要說他和這事有什么相關(guān)的話，那也似乎是很少的。if的省略結(jié)構(gòu)有：ifnot如果不是ifso/ever如果那樣/如果有if＋adj．(possible/necessary等)如果……if＋過去分詞如果被……if＋介詞短語如果……——單句語法填空①Imightseeyoutomorrow．Ifnot,thenit'llbeSaturday．②Imaybefreethisevening．Ifso,I'llcomeroundandseeyou．③Ifindoubt,askyourdoctor．Hecangiveyoufurtherinformation．——完成句子④Ifnecessary,youcanturntoyourfriendsforhelp．如有必要，你可以向你的朋友尋求幫助。⑤Therewon'tbemuchdifficulty,ifany．就算有困難，也不會太多。6．havesth．done[素養(yǎng)佳句]IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographtaken．我需要一個(gè)新的護(hù)照，所以我不得不去照張照片。havesth．done的三種含義：讓/叫/使/請別人做某事；主語遭受的損失或不幸；完成或解決某事(主語可參與)havesb．dosth．讓某人做某事havesb．/sth．doing讓某人/某物一直……h(huán)avesth．todo(主語)有某事要做——單句語法填空①Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth．IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandhavemyfalseteethfixed(fix)．②Iwon'thaveyoumaking(make)thesamemistakeagainandagain．③Whenhismotherhadhimdohishomework,hedecidedtohavehislightburning(burn)allnighttopretendhewasworkinghard．④Ihavealotofreadingstocomplete(complete)beforetheendofthisterm．——完成句子⑤Wemusthave/gettheworkfinishedbyTuesday．我們必須在星期二以前完成此項(xiàng)工作。⑥Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem．研究人員有一個(gè)很好的方法來處理這個(gè)問題。選詞填空breakawayfrom;aswellas;resultin;beeagertodosth．;besimilarto;join...to...;generous;striking;announce;ensure1．Uptillnow,wehavereceived400applicationsforthejob．Thegraduatesareeagertoworkinourcompany．2．Theweatherhereinspringismuchsimilartothatinmyhometown．3．Theteacherssparednoefforttoensureallstudentswouldbegivenanequalchance．4．Ifthesevirusesarebreathedin,theycanresultinillnessorevendeath．5．Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize,shefeltthrilled．6．Iwanttoexpressmythankstoyouforyourgeneroushelp．7．Abridgejoinstheislandtothemainland．8．Whilewetravelalongtheway,wecanenjoythebeautifulsceneryaswellasthenewlooksofthevillagesandtowns．9．Henryattemptedtobreakawayfromthehabitofsmoking．10．TowerBridgeisoneofLondon'smoststrikingattractionsthatyoushouldn'tmisswhentravellingintheUK．Ⅰ．語境猜詞義1．(2021·全國甲卷)Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear．v．使處于2．(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32．v．競爭3．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem．n．獎勵(lì)；回報(bào)Ⅱ．一詞多義1．(2022·北京卷)Theresult—anapproachknownassystemsthinking—isnowseenasessentialinmeetingglobalchallenges．AA．n．方法 B．n．接近C．v．接近 D．v．接洽2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thereareplentyofotherbenefits,too;itdoesn'tchargecitytax...CA．v．負(fù)責(zé)B．v．充電C．v．收費(fèi)Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)“TalkandTalk”isdesignedforstudentswhoareeagertoacquiremoreknowledgeaboutEnglish,andnowitishighlythoughtofbymostlisteners．“TalkandTalk”節(jié)目是為渴望獲得更多英語知識的學(xué)生而設(shè)計(jì)的，現(xiàn)在得到了大多數(shù)聽眾的好評。2．(2020·浙江卷1月寫作)Wouldyouliketosignupforthecontest?Ifso,pleaseemailmeassoonaspossible．你愿意報(bào)名參加這次比賽嗎？如果愿意，請盡快給我發(fā)郵件。3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)AllthiswasbecauseofJohn'sbrightidea,andthewayhecarrieditout．這一切都是因?yàn)榧s翰的好主意，以及他實(shí)現(xiàn)它的方式。4．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷寫作)Ihavetheconfidencethat,withsuchanexcellentfriendaroundme,Iwillbecomebetterandbetter．我有信心，有這樣一位優(yōu)秀的朋友在我身邊，我會變得越來越好。5．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)At8：30a．m．,therefereeannouncedtherulesoftheraceandtheteachergaveussomeinstructionsonhowtoprotectourselvesfrominjuryduringtherace．在上午8點(diǎn)30分，裁判宣布了比賽規(guī)則，老師給了我們一些關(guān)于如何保護(hù)自己避免在比賽中受傷的指導(dǎo)。6．(2020·天津卷7月寫作)Intheceremony,usuallyinpartsofChina,Hanclothing,theworshipofConfuciusandothercustomsarepopularamongus．在儀式上，通常在中國的部分地區(qū)，(穿)漢服、尊孔以及其他習(xí)俗在我們中間都很受歡迎。Ⅰ．單詞拼寫1．Baseballrequiresteamworkwhiletennisisanindividual(個(gè)人的)sport．2．Salesdirectorisaposition(職位)wherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills．3．Hewenttoanearby(附近的)fastfoodshopandboughthislunch．4．Theexperimentshowsthataproperamount(數(shù)量)ofexercise,ifcarriedoutregularly,canimproveourhealth．5．Thesurrounding(周圍的)villageshavebeenabsorbedintothegrowingcity．6．Hehasmadegreatachievements(成就)evenifhehaslosthearing．7．Thebatteryhasnotbeencharged(充電)foracoupleofmonths．8．Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcing(宣布)theexamwasover．9．Ithinktheseinterestingoldcustoms(習(xí)俗)shouldbewellpreserved．10．ThesebraveChinesesoldiersbattled(戰(zhàn)斗)heroicallyforsevendaysandnights．Ⅱ．單句語法填空1．Thisproblembotheredallthechiefs(chief)ofthetribewhowerecomingintopower．2．Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches(approach)tothestudyofmathematics．3．Thecountrysidewasdotted(dot)withsmallvillages．4．Whenwewalkedintothecafé，weweregreeted(greet)byawaitresswhosmiled．5．WhenIwaspassingthetownhall,Iheardtheclockstriking(strike)twelve．6．Themoreyouknow,themoreeager(eager)youwillbetocome．7．Ifyouensure(sure)yourpackagehasbeendeliveredsuccessfully,pleaseignorethisnotice．8．“That'sverygenerous(generosity)ofyou．I'dlovetoacceptyourinvitation，”Ireplied．Ⅲ．補(bǔ)全句子1．要是早點(diǎn)兒修一下，拖拉機(jī)就不會拋錨了。(if省略結(jié)構(gòu))Ifrepairedearlier,thetractorwouldnothavebrokendown．2．我點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，臉上露出燦爛的笑容。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Inodded,withabigsmilespreadingacrossmyface．3．他把照相機(jī)弄壞了，不得不花錢修理。(havesth．done)Hebrokethecameraandhehadtopaytohaveitrepaired．4．時(shí)間悄無聲息地流逝，過去的已不再屬于我們。(belong)Timegoesbyquietlyandthepastdoesn'tbelongtous．5．我很高興聽到你渴望提高你的漢語并了解更多的中國文化。(eager)IamgladtohearthatyouareeagertoimproveyourChineseandknowmoreaboutChineseculture．課時(shí)質(zhì)量評價(jià)(十)必修第二冊UNIT4主題語境：重大政治、歷史事件，文化淵源Ⅰ．閱讀理解A(2023·珠海模擬)Anindividualfromanunknownhominid(原始人類)specieswalkedacrossafieldofwet,volcanicashinwhatisnowEastAfricaaround3.66millionyearsago,leavingbehindahandfuloffootprints．Thosefiveancientfootprints,largelyignoredsincetheywerepartlyunearthedatTanzania'sLaetolisitein1976,showfeaturesofuprightwalkingbyahominid,anewstudyfinds．Researchershadpreviouslyconsideredthemhardtoclassify,possiblyproducedbyayoungbearthattookafewstepswhilestanding．Butthelatestanalysisrefutesthatsuggestion．McNutt,DeSilva,whostartedthenewinvestigationasaDartmouthCollegegraduatestudent,andtheircolleaguesfullydugoutandcleanedthefiveLaetolifootprintsinJune2019．Thentheymeasured,photographedand3-Dscannedtheancienttracks．McNutt'sgroupfocusedontwofootprintsthatwereparticularlywell-preserved．Footshapes,sizes,andwalkingcharacteristicsoftheLaetoliindividualdifferedinvariouswaysfromthoseofotherhominidindividualsatthesamesite．Theprintsalsodidn'tmatchthosefrommodernblackbearsandmodernchimps(黑猩猩)walkingupright．TheLaetoliindividualpossessedawider,morechimplikefootthanhumans,theresearcherssay．Itsbigtoestuckoutslightlyfromthesecondtoe(腳趾),butnottothedegreeobservedinchimps．Ononestep,theLaetoliindividual'sleftlegcrossedinfrontoftherightleg,leavingaleftfootprintdirectlyinfrontoftheprevioustrack．Peoplemaycross-stepinthiswaywhentryingtoregainbalance．AndbearsandchimpsassumearelativelywidestandingduetokneeandotherbonearrangementsthatpreventthemfromwalkingliketheLaetoliindividualandprobablyfromcross-stepping,thescientistssay．Giventhatonlytwooftheancientfootprintsarecompleteenoughtoanalysethoroughly,thepossibilitythatachimpotherthanahominidmadetheLaetolifootprintscan'tberuledout,saysWilliamHarcourtSmith,ascientistatLehmanCollege．Butevidenceofcross-steppingisenoughtoprovethatitwasahominidtrackmaker,hesays．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)五個(gè)古代腳印顯示出原始人直立行走的特征。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refutes”inParagraph2mean?A．Objectsto． B．Supports．C．Putsforward． D．Criticises．A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞上句“Researchershadpreviouslyconsideredthemhardtoclassify,possiblyproducedbyayoungbearthattookafewstepswhilestanding．”可知，上文介紹了研究人員對腳印來源的推測，他們認(rèn)為腳印可能是由一只站著走了幾步的小熊產(chǎn)生的，再結(jié)合畫線單詞所在句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且根據(jù)第三段中的“Theprintsalsodidn'tmatchthosefrommodernblackbearsandmodernchimps(黑猩猩)walkingupright．”可知，研究證明這些腳印與現(xiàn)代黑熊的腳印不匹配，由此可知，畫線單詞所在句指的是“但最新的分析駁斥了這一說法”，“Objectsto”意為“反對，不贊成”，能夠表達(dá)畫線單詞在句中所要表達(dá)的意思。故選A。2．Whydoresearchersthinkthefootprintswereunlikethoseofbearsorchimps?A．Theyarelesschimplike．B．Theyhavetoesstickingout．C．Theyshowrelativelywidestanding．D．Theypossessfeaturesofcross-stepping．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ononestep,theLaetoliindividual'sleftlegcrossedinfrontoftherightleg,leavingaleftfootprintdirectlyinfrontoftheprevioustrack．Peoplemaycross-stepinthiswaywhentryingtoregainbalance．AndbearsandchimpsassumearelativelywidestandingduetokneeandotherbonearrangementsthatpreventthemfromwalkingliketheLaetoliindividualandprobablyfromcross-stepping,thescientistssay．”可知，這些腳印呈現(xiàn)出人們試圖恢復(fù)平衡時(shí)所進(jìn)行的交叉步行走，而熊和黑猩猩無法交叉步行走，因此，研究人員認(rèn)為這些腳印不同于熊或黑猩猩的腳印，由此可知，研究人員認(rèn)為這些腳印不同于熊或黑猩猩的腳印是因?yàn)檫@些腳印具有交叉步的特點(diǎn)。故選D。3．WhatdoesWilliamthinkofthenewresearchfinding?A．It'sconvincing．B．It'schallenging．C．It'sconfusing．D．It'sconflicting．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thosefiveancientfootprints,largelyignoredsincetheywerepartlyunearthedatTanzania'sLaetolisitein1976,showfeaturesofuprightwalkingbyahominid,anewstudyfinds．”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這五個(gè)古代腳印顯示出原始人直立行走的特征；再結(jié)合最后一段中的“Butevidenceofcross-steppingisenoughtoprovethatitwasahominidtrackmaker,hesays．”可知，威廉認(rèn)為交叉步的證據(jù)足以證明五個(gè)古代腳印是原始人直立行走留下的足跡，由此可知，威廉認(rèn)為新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)是很有說服力的。故選A。4．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Todescribeamajorevent．B．Toshareanewdiscovery．C．Tointroduceanunknownspecies．D．Tosettleahugedisagreement．B寫作意圖題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段中的“Thosefiveancientfootprints,largelyignoredsincetheywerepartlyunearthedatTanzania'sLaetolisitein1976,showfeaturesofuprightwalkingbyahominid,anewstudyfinds．”可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)五個(gè)古代腳印顯示出原始人直立行走的特征，由此可知，這篇文章的寫作目的是分享一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。B(2022·郴州一模)Achild'stoothdiscoveredfromaFrenchcavehasrevealedtheearliestevidenceofhumans—Homosapiens(智人)—livinginwesternEurope．ThediscoveryofthemolarfromGrotteMandrininsouthernFrance,alongwithhundredsofstonetoolsdatingbackabout54，000yearsago,suggeststhatearlyhumanslivedinEuropeabout10，000yearsearlierthanarchaeologistshadpreviouslythought．What'smore,theHomosapiens'toothwassandwichedbetweenlayersofNeanderthalremains,showingthatthetwogroupsofhumanscoexistedintheregion．ThesefindingschallengetheopinionthatthearrivalofHomosapiensinEuropecausedtheextinctionofNeanderthals,wholivedinEuropeandpartsofAsiaforabout300，000yearsbeforedisappearing．“We'veoftenthoughtthatthearrivalofmodernhumansinEuropeledtotheprettyrapiddeathofNeanderthals,butthisnewevidencesuggeststhatboththeappearanceofmodernhumansinEuropeanddisappearanceofNeanderthalsismuchmorecomplexthanthat，”saidstudycoauthorChrisStringer,aprofessorandresearchleaderinhumanevolutionattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon．It'sthefirsttimearchaeologistshavefoundevidenceofalternating(交替)groupsofHomosapiensandNeanderthalslivinginthesameplace,andtheytookturnsrapidly,evenabruptly,atleasttwice,accordingtothestudythatpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancesonWednesday．Previously,thearrivalofearlyhumansinEuropewasdatedtobetween43，000and45，000yearsago,accordingtoremainsfoundinItalyandBulgaria—notlongbeforethelastsurvivingNeanderthalremainsdatingback40，000to42，000yearsagowerefound．HumansandNeanderthals,whoweknowfromgeneticanalysisencounteredoneanotherandhadbabies,resultinginNeanderthaltracesinourDNA,overlapped(重疊)foramuchlongerperiodinEurope,thisstudysuggests．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明智人的到來并未直接導(dǎo)致尼安德特人的消失，智人和尼安德特人有某種復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“molar”mean?A．Cave． B．Tooth．C．Stone． D．Human．B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞上文“Achild'stoothdiscoveredfromaFrenchcavehasrevealedtheearliestevidenceofhumans—Homosapiens(智人)—livinginwesternEurope．”可知，從法國的洞穴發(fā)現(xiàn)的是一顆兒童牙齒，由此推知，下文中的molar指的就是這顆牙齒，“Tooth”意為“牙齒”，能夠表達(dá)畫線單詞在句中所要表達(dá)的意思。故選B。6．What'sthepreviousopinionaboutNeanderthals?A．Neanderthalscoulddatebackto300，000ye