珠海市某香山別墅能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計(jì)

北京理工大學(xué)珠海學(xué)院2020屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)[11]。綜上所述，別墅熱水系統(tǒng)機(jī)組的選擇是空氣能熱泵熱水器。4.3熱泵設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明熱水用量確定：表4.2熱水用水定額表序號(hào)建筑物名稱單位最高日用水定額（L)使用時(shí)間（h)1住宅有自備熱水供應(yīng)和沐浴設(shè)備有集中熱水供應(yīng)和沐浴設(shè)備每人每日每人每日40~8060~100242別墅每人每日70~110243酒店式公寓每人每日80~110244宿舍1類、2類3類、4類每人每日每人每日70~10040~8024或定時(shí)供應(yīng)5招待所、培訓(xùn)中心、普通旅館設(shè)公用清洗室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室、洗衣室、設(shè)單獨(dú)衛(wèi)生間、公用洗衣室每人每日每人每日每人每日每人每日25~4040~6050~8060~10024或定時(shí)供應(yīng)6賓館客房旅館員工每床位每日每人每日120~16040~50247醫(yī)院住院部設(shè)公用清洗室設(shè)公用清洗室、淋浴室設(shè)單獨(dú)衛(wèi)生間醫(yī)務(wù)人員門診部、診療所療養(yǎng)院、修養(yǎng)所住房部每床位每日每床位每日每床位每日每人每班每個(gè)病人每次每床位每日60~10070~130110~20070~1307~13100~1602424248824設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)珠海市某別墅預(yù)計(jì)人員：共6人；別墅需24小時(shí)供應(yīng)熱水。要保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。表4.3別墅熱水參數(shù)設(shè)定表別墅計(jì)算人口（人）6每人用水量選擇（L）100用水總量600計(jì)算終止溫度（℃）50計(jì)算冷水溫度（℃）15熱量總負(fù)荷（kw.h）24.424.4別墅供熱水系統(tǒng)4.4.1別墅熱水機(jī)型選型（1）、設(shè)備選型：根據(jù)表4-3別墅熱水參數(shù)設(shè)定表，本別墅的熱水系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì)選用某品牌“熱水灣—KFRS-19M/NaBS”直熱循環(huán)式空氣能熱泵水機(jī)組作為制取熱水的設(shè)備。品牌設(shè)備型號(hào)數(shù)量外形尺寸某品牌-“熱水灣”KFRS-19M/NaBS11078×453×1510表4.4別墅熱水系統(tǒng)機(jī)組型號(hào)表（2）、“某品牌－熱水灣”直熱循環(huán)空氣能熱水機(jī)組參數(shù)：表4.5熱水機(jī)組參數(shù)型號(hào)KFRS-19M/NaBS額定制熱量（kW）19.5平均輸入功率（kW）4.5額定熱水產(chǎn)量(L/h)419總電源三相四線380V50Hz壓縮機(jī)形式全封閉轉(zhuǎn)子壓縮機(jī)數(shù)量1型式低噪音調(diào)速軸流機(jī)風(fēng)機(jī)臺(tái)數(shù)1功率（kW）0.25外形尺寸長(zhǎng)（mm）1510寬（mm）453高（mm）1510出水溫度水箱溫度：默認(rèn)50℃；30-55℃可調(diào)制冷劑R410(3000g)換熱器形式U型翅片式冷媒控制方式熱力膨脹閥噪聲dB(A)56重量（kg）140注：1、額定工況：環(huán)境干球溫度20℃，濕球溫度15℃；熱水溫度55℃。（3）、水箱容量選定別墅熱水使用是分散型，使用時(shí)間不是集中式，因而對(duì)水箱的要求應(yīng)滿足最大熱水量的要求，從經(jīng)濟(jì)上考慮該棟別墅選擇350L的保溫水箱（350L熱水+419L/h機(jī)組熱水660L測(cè)算日用水量）。4.4.2熱水管道、設(shè)備布置圖4.1別墅熱水系統(tǒng)管路設(shè)備布置圖另：別墅熱水系統(tǒng)建筑平面CAD圖，見(jiàn)附錄圖4.2直熱循環(huán)空氣能熱泵水機(jī)組安裝示意圖4.4.3循環(huán)水泵別墅熱系統(tǒng)水泵選型依據(jù)是水泵的流量和揚(yáng)程：①冷水增壓泵選型在這種情況下，當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度為20°c，進(jìn)水溫度為15°c時(shí)，單個(gè)機(jī)組的最大出水量為0.6m/h，考慮到1.2的安全系數(shù)，1臺(tái)機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，所選冷水增壓泵流量：（式4.1）別墅樓層高:（式4.2）（式4.3）室外管網(wǎng)最低供水壓力（式4.4）取最不利配水點(diǎn)流出水頭（式4.5）計(jì)算冷水增壓泵的揚(yáng)程：（式4.6）余量系數(shù)1.1~1.2（本案例選1.15），進(jìn)而選定冷水增壓泵的揚(yáng)程：（式4.7）即冷水增壓泵的流量為0.72m3/h，揚(yáng)程為7.65mH2O。表4.6冷卻水泵參數(shù)表機(jī)型揚(yáng)程（m3）（m3/h）功率（kw）ISG25-110(I)(B)(C)82.50.55②熱水循環(huán)水泵選型熱水循環(huán)水泵流量確定熱水系統(tǒng)選用機(jī)組KFRS-19M/NaBS所需循環(huán)水泵的流量為：（式4.8）熱水循環(huán)水泵靜壓確定：熱水出水與水箱最低水位高差為1.2m,則（式4.9）最不利配水點(diǎn)流出水頭（式4.10）（式4.11）計(jì)算熱水循環(huán)水泵的揚(yáng)程：（式4.12）余量系數(shù)1.1~1.2（本案例選1.15）進(jìn)而選定循環(huán)泵揚(yáng)程：（式4.13）即熱水循環(huán)水泵流量為0.72m3/h，揚(yáng)程為20mH2O。表4-7熱水循環(huán)水泵參數(shù)表機(jī)型揚(yáng)程（m3）（m3/h）功率（kw）ISG25-160(I)(B)(C)202.51.13）熱水機(jī)組水阻力表：表4-8熱水機(jī)組水阻力表型號(hào)循環(huán)水阻力（kPa)循環(huán)水阻力（m)KFRS-10(M)A1505KFRS-12M/NaB3545.4KFRS-19M/NaBS858.5KFRS-39M/NaBS585.8KFRS-39M/NaB3S505KFRS-80SM/NaBS606KFRS-130FMA1S303KFRS-150FMA2S3034.4.4水管選型熱水機(jī)組進(jìn)、出水管徑的確定是根據(jù)機(jī)組額定水流量和設(shè)計(jì)水流量來(lái)確定的。（參考GB50015-2003建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范）表4-9水管選型推薦表

5.能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計(jì)方案5.1基于智能家居控制的中央空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)方案在大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代，科技技術(shù)的飛快發(fā)展，智能手機(jī)使用越來(lái)越普遍，智能家家居應(yīng)運(yùn)而生——“小米生態(tài)圈”、“某品牌萬(wàn)物網(wǎng)”等，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代下，中央空調(diào)將會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)云控制。因此，針對(duì)中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)控制設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)WIFI控制模塊器，控制器接通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，通過(guò)手機(jī)APP與控制模塊器匹配實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程操控。以下是針對(duì)WIFI控制模塊器的設(shè)計(jì)：圖5.1WIFI控制器外觀圖表5.1WIFI控制器功能特點(diǎn)表外觀形狀整體外觀為圓盤狀，呈白色，中間帶有透光環(huán)，小巧精美電源有多種電源可以選擇（12V、24V、220V）控制范圍一個(gè)WIFI控制器對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，最多可控制64個(gè)末端遠(yuǎn)程控制用戶可通過(guò)手機(jī)App，實(shí)現(xiàn)在家中或戶外控制空調(diào)機(jī)組。場(chǎng)景設(shè)置可根據(jù)用戶需求，設(shè)置不同設(shè)備開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí)間間隔、功能切換等。功能1.控制整個(gè)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行和停止2.獨(dú)立控制每個(gè)房間的每一臺(tái)室內(nèi)末端的開(kāi)關(guān)3.獨(dú)立控制每個(gè)房間的送風(fēng)溫度、濕度3.預(yù)約功能4.末端清潔提醒功能圖5.2WIFI控制器網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D每個(gè)WIFI控制器最多控制六十四個(gè)中央空調(diào)室內(nèi)末端及一臺(tái)中央空調(diào)室外機(jī)的空調(diào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在WIFI控制器連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的情況下，智能手機(jī)可以通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制。5.2基于智能家居新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的控制針對(duì)新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)可以設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)空氣檢測(cè)盒進(jìn)行對(duì)新風(fēng)機(jī)組進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制，空氣檢測(cè)盒是WIFI控制器的升級(jí)版，它可以實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)網(wǎng)遠(yuǎn)程控制新風(fēng)機(jī)組的開(kāi)關(guān)及調(diào)節(jié)送風(fēng)量大小的功能，同時(shí)具備WIFI控制器不具有的空氣質(zhì)量檢測(cè)功能和空氣嚴(yán)重污染報(bào)警功能，空氣檢測(cè)包含了PM2.5濃度檢測(cè)、CO2含量檢測(cè)、溫度和濕度的檢測(cè)，并且可以根據(jù)檢測(cè)空氣中PM2.5、CO2的濃度值，環(huán)境溫度值和濕度值，計(jì)算出空氣質(zhì)量等級(jí)。表5.2空氣質(zhì)量等級(jí)表空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)級(jí)別空氣質(zhì)量評(píng)級(jí)等級(jí)指標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)顏色是否報(bào)警一級(jí)優(yōu)綠色否二級(jí)良黃色否三級(jí)輕度污染橙色否四級(jí)中度污染橙色否五級(jí)重度污染紅色是六級(jí)嚴(yán)重污染紅色是線控器、空氣檢測(cè)盒及全熱交換新風(fēng)除霾機(jī)組的連接：圖5.3新風(fēng)除霾機(jī)組控制連接示意圖空氣檢測(cè)盒子顯示空氣質(zhì)量等級(jí)有兩種模式：夜燈模式和呼吸燈模式，呼吸燈模式：類似呼吸動(dòng)作亮暗交替工作；夜燈模式：亮度固定不變。可以通過(guò)手機(jī)APP進(jìn)行設(shè)置和切換，同時(shí)用戶也可以通過(guò)手機(jī)了解到具體每個(gè)房間的空氣質(zhì)量等級(jí)，如果某個(gè)房間被檢測(cè)到空氣質(zhì)量為重度或嚴(yán)重污染，手機(jī)將會(huì)接收到通知且空氣檢測(cè)控制盒會(huì)發(fā)出警報(bào)聲。5.3基于智能家居控制的熱水系統(tǒng)控制基于智能家居控制的熱水系統(tǒng)控制是通過(guò)電器盒子來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。通過(guò)智能手機(jī)APP匹配對(duì)應(yīng)電器盒子，將電器盒連接路由器實(shí)現(xiàn)通網(wǎng)，再將電器盒連接空氣源熱泵水機(jī)組、儲(chǔ)存水箱、循環(huán)水泵和供水泵等設(shè)備，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程控制別墅熱水系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)關(guān)、調(diào)節(jié)別墅生活熱水溫度、檢測(cè)水箱熱水溫度、讓熱水管道冷水回流到儲(chǔ)存水箱中等功能。圖5.4遠(yuǎn)程控制熱水系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D5.4別墅空調(diào)、新風(fēng)及熱水系統(tǒng)綜合控制方案基于智能家居下開(kāi)發(fā)出一款智能家居控制APP，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)跨品牌、跨領(lǐng)域控制不同品牌的家庭空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)、熱水系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)軟件控制多個(gè)系統(tǒng)。圖5.5智能家居下多系統(tǒng)控制構(gòu)想圖在軟件市場(chǎng)上出現(xiàn)的智能家居控制APP種類繁多，但是功能相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單、不夠人性化，但在科技迅猛發(fā)展的今天，智能家居將迎來(lái)快速發(fā)展，會(huì)有更多的資源投向這個(gè)領(lǐng)域，二十一世紀(jì)的中國(guó)已經(jīng)告別了溫飽時(shí)代邁向小康社會(huì)，人們對(duì)物質(zhì)生活的追求會(huì)越來(lái)越高，因而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代下的智能家居將迎來(lái)春天。

6.總結(jié)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)為了更加貼近實(shí)際生活，因而我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)選題是“珠海市某香山別墅能源系統(tǒng)綜合設(shè)計(jì)”。設(shè)計(jì)中的主體是別墅，而設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)象是別墅建筑中的空調(diào)、新風(fēng)、熱水系統(tǒng)，別墅多能源系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用到大學(xué)中學(xué)習(xí)的課本知識(shí)：暖通與空調(diào)、熱泵技術(shù)、管路工藝實(shí)習(xí)、能動(dòng)專業(yè)課程設(shè)計(jì)等專業(yè)知識(shí)，此外，還閱讀了大量參考文獻(xiàn)。珠海市某香山別墅為案例，設(shè)計(jì)出一套能源系統(tǒng)綜合方案。方案中有三大系統(tǒng)能源系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，其一，中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)：本案例中別墅空調(diào)系統(tǒng)選用多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)，室外機(jī)連接多個(gè)室內(nèi)機(jī)，每個(gè)房間的溫濕度由獨(dú)立線控器控制。第二，新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)：本案例中別墅使用全熱交換新風(fēng)除霾機(jī)凈化室外污濁的空氣，通過(guò)送風(fēng)管道將新鮮干凈的空氣送進(jìn)室內(nèi)，有效改善室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量，讓人們遠(yuǎn)離空調(diào)病。其三，熱水系統(tǒng)：別墅熱水系統(tǒng)使用直熱循環(huán)式空氣能熱泵熱水機(jī)組為別墅提供熱水，更加節(jié)能、環(huán)保。21世紀(jì)的世界是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，人們的生活離不開(kāi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。如果你在21世紀(jì)之前離開(kāi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你還是原來(lái)的你，但是在21世紀(jì)的今天你一旦離開(kāi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，你將會(huì)這個(gè)世界格格不入。在這互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代下，智能家居悄然而生，而且生命力旺盛，家居行業(yè)將迎來(lái)的新改革。因此，在設(shè)計(jì)別墅綜合能源系統(tǒng)空調(diào)、熱水、新風(fēng)是當(dāng)今人們生活最不可缺少的物質(zhì)，在炎熱的夏天誰(shuí)會(huì)為夏天買單——空調(diào)會(huì)替你的炎熱買單；在一天的勞累工作后，誰(shuí)會(huì)替你的疲勞買單——每晚的熱水洗澡替的勞累買單；經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展卻以環(huán)境的破壞為代價(jià)，誰(shuí)會(huì)為你的呼吸健康買單——新風(fēng)凈化替你的健康買單。伴隨人民生活條件的改善，對(duì)生活質(zhì)量的追求只會(huì)越來(lái)越高，因此，針對(duì)家用中央空調(diào)、新風(fēng)、熱水系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行綜合設(shè)計(jì)是具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的，本設(shè)計(jì)以珠海市某香山別墅為案例，設(shè)計(jì)出一套能源系統(tǒng)綜合方案。參考文獻(xiàn)《民用建筑供暖通風(fēng)與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50736-2012》《采暖通風(fēng)與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB50019-2003版）《別墅中央空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)》_河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文2019年格力中央空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)選型手冊(cè)（上冊(cè)）2019年格力中央空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)選型手冊(cè)（中冊(cè)）吳繼紅、李佐周編著.《中央空調(diào)工程設(shè)計(jì)與施工》.北京：高等教育出版社，1997陸亞?。杜照{(diào)》（第二版）：中國(guó)建工出版社，2007《民用建筑供暖通風(fēng)與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50736-2012》《熱泵熱水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、安裝及使用規(guī)范》CRAA311-2009《給水排水工程管道結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》GB50332-2002鄧甘.對(duì)某房家用中央空調(diào)的選型與安裝[J].消費(fèi)電子,2014(4):3-3.馬偉斌.太陽(yáng)能-空氣雙熱源熱泵中央熱水系統(tǒng)[J].高科技與產(chǎn)業(yè)化.2005陳東,謝繼紅.熱泵熱水裝置[M].北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社.2009劉俊杰.中國(guó)新風(fēng)凈化產(chǎn)品發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析[J].現(xiàn)代家電,2017(4):4-4.古延輝．《基于LPC2294的新風(fēng)機(jī)組監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)》.中北大學(xué):碩士學(xué)位論文,2008鄺文君畢浩桐龔凱.地暖新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)房間的室內(nèi)舒適性研究[J].華北理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版),2018(04):106-111衣金鳳.論戶式央空調(diào)的選用[J].南京天加環(huán)境科技有限公司.江蘇南京.210046附錄附錄1別墅三層建筑平面CAD圖：圖A.1別墅一層平面圖圖A.2別墅二層平面圖圖A.3別墅三層平面圖圖A.4別墅頂層平面布置圖附錄2別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖B.1別墅中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)管路布置圖圖B.2別墅一層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.3別墅二層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.4別墅三層空調(diào)管路布置圖圖B.5別墅中央空調(diào)室外機(jī)安裝示意圖附錄3別墅全熱新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖C.1別墅全熱新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)管道布置圖

圖C.2別墅一層全熱新風(fēng)管道布置圖圖C.3別墅二層全熱新風(fēng)管道布置圖圖C.4別墅三層全熱新風(fēng)管道布置圖

附錄4別墅熱水系統(tǒng)建筑平面布局CAD圖：圖D.1別墅熱水系統(tǒng)管路布置圖圖D.2別墅一層熱水管路布置圖圖D.3別墅二層熱水管路布置圖圖D.4別墅三層熱水管路布置圖圖D.5別墅熱水機(jī)組安裝示意圖附錄5外文文獻(xiàn)—OntheselectionofcentralairconditioningOntheselectionofcentralairconditioningGarmentjinfengNanjingtianjiaenvironmentaltechnologyco.,LTD.Nanjingjiangsu210046,ChinaAbstractWiththedevelopmentoftherealestatemarket,thedemandforhouseholdcentralairconditioningisincreasing,andhouseholdwaterdispensergraduallyoccupiesthemarketshareduetoitsenergysavingandcomfort.Takingavillaprojectinnanjingasanexample,thispaperintroducesthecharacteristicsoftheseriesofhouseholdcentralairconditioningsystem.Keywords:householdcentralairconditioning;Householdwaterdispenser;Energysaving;Comfortable;Intelligentjointcontrol.Bodytext：Inthe11yearsfrom2007to2017,theannualconstructionareaofhousesinChinaisabout1.68billionsquaremeters,andthecompletedresidentialareaisabout750millionsquaremeters.Amongthem,theresidentialareasoldinnanjingin2017wasabout14.29millionsquaremeters.Therealestatemarketisheatingup,drivingthesalesofhouseholdcentralairconditioningproducts.Withthelargeincreaseofhigh-endresidentialusergroupssuchasvillasandlargeflatfloors,thesinglefunctionoffluorinesystemVRFandunitmachinecannotmeettheneedsofmanyhigh-endconsumers,especiallyintermsofcomfort.Withtheupgradingofconsumptionconcept,consumers'consumptionconsciousnessdevelopstothepersonalizeddevelopment,focusingonthecomfort,cleanness,energysavingandmulti-functionofairconditioning.Inadditiontothefunctionofairconditioning,householdwaterdispensercanalsobedirectlyappliedtothefloorheatingsystem,whichcanbeheatedatthesametimewiththewallhangingfurnaceandsolarenergy,soithascertainadvantagesinenergysaving.Inrecentyears,manyfluorinesystemmanufacturershavebeguntomarkethouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsofwatersystem.Althoughtheshipmentvolumecannotbecomparedwiththesalesvolumeofhouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsoffluorinesystem,itcanbeknownthatfluorinesystemmanufacturershaverecognizedthehouseholdcentralairconditioningproductsofwatersystem.Thenorthcoaltoelectricitymarkettothehouseholdwaterdispensersalesdriveobvious.HouseholdwatercoolercanmeettheheatingdemandofnorthChinamarketinwinterandprovidecoolinginsummer.Theenergy-savingandenvironmentalprotectionfunctionconformstothegovernment'spolicyofreplacingcoalwithelectricity.Householdwatercoolerhasabroadprospectinthenorthernmarket.Thefollowingisanexampleofairconditioningdesignforadouble-storeyvillainnanjingcity.ArchitecturaloverviewThevillaislocatedintheoutskirtsofnanjing,mainlyforlivingandliving,withabuildingareaof260m2andanactualairconditioningareaof186m2.Villasummerairconditioningrefrigeration,winterusingairconditioningorgasboilerfloorradiationheating.Villaneedstoconsidertheexternalwallbearing,beautiful,machinespacelocation,indoormachineneedstocoordinatewiththeinteriordecorationstyle,asfaraspossiblelessoccupiedindoorspace.Groundwaterresourcesmaynotbeusedwithoutgovernmentapproval.Itrequirescomfort,energysaving,healthandconvenientcontrol.

ThechoiceofairconditioningmodeFigure2.1householdcentralairconditioningHouseholdcentralairconditioningmainclassificationisasfollows:1.Variablefrequencymultiplecentralair-conditioning2.Airconditioningandfancoiloftheseparatedvariablefrequencyhouseholdwatermachine3.water(ground)sourceheatpumpairconditioning+fancoilairconditioningwatersystemandfluorinesystemcomprehensivecomparisonvariablefrequencyVRFbelongstothefluorinesystem,water(ground)sourceheatpumpairconditioningandsplitvariablefrequencyhouseholdairconditioning+fancoilsystembelongtothewatersystem(1)energy-savingcomparisonwatermachineadoptsdcfrequencyconversiontechnology,becausethespecificheatcapacityofwaterislarger,thelargertheutilizationrateis,themoreenergysaving,suitableforlargearea(generallymorethan150m2)housinguse.FluorinemachineUSESfrequencyconversiontechnology,highcontrolaccuracy,highefficiencyandenergysaving,whenusedinsmallfamily,itsenergysavingandenergysavingadvantageismoreprominent(2)comparisonofcomfortability:wateristhecarrierofrefrigeration(heat)ofwaterdispenser.Thedifferenceintemperaturebetweentheaircomingoutofthehouseholdwaterdispenserissmall,andthebodyfeelingismorecomfortablewhenthewindblowstothebody.Itseldomtakesawayindoorairmoistureduringoperation,butkeepsindoorairmoist,makingpeoplefeelwarmandcomfortable.Comfortisthebiggesthighlightofthewatermachine.Fluorinemachineistheuseoffreonrefrigerantgasificationheatabsorption,summerairtemperatureislow,forsensitivephysiquepeople,summertothetemperatureistoolowtothecoldwinddirectlyblowingthebodyandwintertodryairconditioninghotairwillfeeluncomfortable.Whenrefrigerationwilltakeawayindoormoisture,resultingindryair,whentheuseofcomfortisslightlypoor.3)comparedwithwater,thespecificheatcapacityofrefrigerationspeedislarger,temperatureriseandtemperaturedropisslower,sotherefrigerationandheatingspeedisslower.Thefluorinemechanismisonandoffwhenit'scold,andit'sveryfast.(4)therearerefrigerantpipes,watersupplyandreturnpipesandcondensatepipesinthepipelineandthepipelineoftheinstallationmachine.Thewaterpipesarecomplicated,andtheinstallationpersonnelshallhavetheprofessionalknowledge,technologyandprocessexperienceofhvac.Waterpipelengthdesignisflexible,notlimited,thewatersystemindoormachine,outdoormachineisrelativelyindependent,donotaffecteachother.Theinternalhydraulicmoduleofthemainenginecanmeettheresistanceofhouseholdwaterpumphead.Fluorinemachineonlyhasrefrigerantpipelineandcondensatepipeline,theconnectionpipelineissimple,theinstallationpersonnel'shvacprofessionalknowledgeisnothigh,buttheweldingtechnologyisveryhigh.Thefluorinesystemdirectlytransportsrefrigeranttoheatexchangerofeachindoormachineofairconditioning.Therefrigerantdistributionpipeislong,andthecopperpipeisexpensive.Therearemanyweldingpointsinthecopperpipeofindoorpipeline,sothehiddendangerprobabilityofrefrigerantleakageislarge.Sothefluorinemachinerefrigerantconnectionpipeinstallationandweldingrequirementsareparticularlyhigh.Therearerequirementsonthedistanceandbitdifferencebetweenindoorandoutdoorairconditioningunits.(5)lowpressurewatersystemisadoptedinthemaintenancecostwatercooler.Therefrigerantoftheunitissealedintheoutdoorunitandtheindoorunit.Theindoorunitisnotintheairconditioningroom.Toensuretherefrigerationeffectoffluorinemachine,specialpersonnelarerequiredtoregularlymaintainandreplenishrefrigerant.Thedistancebetweentheinsideandoutsideoffluorinemachineislong,andtherearemanyweldingpoints.Certainrefrigerantlossisallowedincopperpipeeveryyear.Anothermaintenancechargeisrequired.Considerthespecificrequirementsandactualsituationofthehouseholder:summerairconditioningrefrigerationandwinterheatingrequirements,adequatewaterresources,highcomfortrequirements,indoorbeauty,etc.Ithinkitismostsuitabletochoosethecentralairconditioningsystem+fancoil+floorradiationofthesplitvariablefrequencyhouseholdwatercooler,whichisusedforcoolinginsummerandfloorradiationinwinter.Consideringthatthetimeofairconditioninginthefunctionalareaisinconsistent,thefirstflooriscomposedofsystem1,andthesecondflooriscomposedofsystem2.Themainenginecanbeturnedonasneededtosaveenergyandreduceoperatingcosts.Inthenumeroushouseholdwatercoolercentralairconditioning,Ichooseisthetianjiabrandhomerunhouseholdcentralairconditioningfrequencyconversion.Advantagesofthisseries:1,temperatureandhumiditycontroldayplusuniquetemperatureandhumiditycontroltechnology,sothattheindoorhumiditytomaintainthemostcomfortablerangeofthehumanbody(about50%).Fullyvariablefrequencydesigntoaccuratelycontrolindoortemperature,roomtemperaturefluctuationcanbecontrolledwithin±1℃.2,highefficiencyandenergysavingusevalleywheeldcvariablefrequencyscrollcompressor,variablefrequencywaterpumpandmotor,accordingtothehvacengineeringloadcanautomaticallyadjusttheoperatingfrequencyoftheunit,unit15%~120%variablecapacityregulation,stableoperation.Thewholeworkingconditionjetenthalpytechnology,whetheritisheatingat-25℃orcoolingat48℃,canbeeasilyhandledbytheunit.Theheatingandcoolingefficiencyunderextremeconditionsis30%higherthanthatofordinaryunits.Reduceexhaustsuperheatandimproveoperationreliability.Winterheatingdoesnotneedelectricauxiliaryheat,canachieve40℃refrigerationdoesnotdecay,-20℃heatdoesnotdecay.Theflexiblescrollcompressorhashighvolumeefficiency,goodsealingeffectandbetterperformancethantherotorcompressorunderextremeworkingconditions.Thecomprehensiveenergyefficiencycoefficient(IPLV)oftheunitisashighas4.3,farexceedingthenationallevel1energyefficiencystandard.3,radiantheatingwinterfloorradiantheating,indoorsurfacetemperatureuniformheatfromthebottomup,inlinewiththelawofhumanthermalengineering,giveapersonwithfeetwarmheadcoolfeeling.Floorheatingcanimprovehabitantbloodcirculates,avoidsenilediseasesuchasoldcoldleg,rheumatism,suittohavethefamilyofoldpersonandchildmore.4,splitdesign,notafraidoffreezingunitsusingsplitstructure,watersystemcanbeinstalledindoors.Theunitisequippedwithmultipleanti-freezingdesign,whichcaneffectivelysolvetheproblemoflocalfreezingofwaterpipesinwinterandmakeusersfeelmorecomfortable.5,water"capacity"islarge,superhotwaterstorageasrefrigerant,heatcapacityislarge,thermaltemperatureisstrong,canmaintainroomtemperatureequilibrium.Atthesametime,ithassuperheatstoragecapacity,andcanmaintaintheindoortemperatureforalongtimeaftertheunitisshutdown,whichismoreenergysaving.6.Intelligentjointcontrol,withadvancedfunctionssuchasintelligentcontrolandmobilephonemonitoring,thejiarunseriesofconveniencehomecanbeusedforcustomerstocontrolatwillandstartupwithonebutton.Theusercandirectlycontroltheswitchandoperationmodeofthehostthroughthetwo-in-onetemperaturecontrollerofairconditioningandfloorheating.Thecontrollercanbeconnectedtothesmarthomesystemandcandisplaythetemperature,humidity,PM2.5concentrationandfilterscreenstatus,presentingacomfortableenvironmentatanytime.Selectionofhouseholdwatermachineandairtray()designbasedondesignparametersanddesignon:GB/T50019specificationfordesignofheatingventilatingandairconditioning,GB50736civilbuildingheatingventilationandairconditioningdesignspecification",theGB50016"codeforfireprotectiondesignofbuildings,GB50189"publicbuildingenergyefficiencydesignstandards",GB50411"constructionqualityacceptanceofbuildingenergyconservationengineeringdesignparameters:Outdoordry/wetbulbtemperaturewascalculatedat35℃/28.3℃insummer.Theaveragedailytemperatureis31.4℃.Insummer,thecalculatedtemperatureintheair-conditionedroomis24~28℃,andtherelativehumidityintheair-conditionedroomis45~65%.,freshairvolume30m3/(h?people)(2)coolingloadcalculationcoolingloadreferstotheheatthatmustbetakenawayfromtheroombytheairconditioningsysteminordertomaintainthethermalandhumidenvironmentofthebuildingandtherequiredindoortemperature.Loadofairconditioningroommainpart:throughincomingindoorunsteadyheattransferofretainingstructuresandoutsidethroughthewindowintothesunheatradiation,thebodyheatandlighting,equipment,instruments,pipelineandotherheatsourcesofheat,heatfood,allkindsofpowderproducedintheprocessofwetquantityoflatentheat,heatpenetrationintotheair.Accordingtothetypeandnatureofeachheatgainandtheheatstoragecharacteristicsoftheairconditioningarea,theloadoftheairconditioningroomiscalculatedrespectively.Becausethecalculationmethodofairconditioningcoolingloadistedious,themethodofloadestimationisoftenusedintheschemedesign.Companiesordesigninstitutesoftenhavetheirownsetofestimates.Theair-conditioningloadestimationindexreferstothecoolingloadvalueprovidedbytheair-conditioningequipmentforeachsquaremeteroftheair-conditioningareaofthebuilding.Insummer,thetotalcoolingloadofthevillais160~250W/m2,andthespecifictotalcoolingloadisdeterminedbyreferringtotheorientation,function,numberofpersonnel,lightingandequipmentconfigurationofeachroom.Forexample:sittingroompersonnelactivityquantityisbig,lamplightillumeandhomeappliancearemoreconcentrated,equipmentheatismuchalso,facesouthandairflowquantityisbig,thecoldloadthatnewwindbringsismore,sototalcoldloadismore.Bedroompersonnellittleactivityquantityissmall,illumeandelectricalequipmentarelittle,thedoorisopenedfrequencyislittle,sototalcoolingloadissmall.(3)selectionoffancoilaccordingtothecharacteristicsofeachroomandthespecificload,selecttheappropriatefancoil.Householdultra-thinsilenttypewinddiscdesignedforhomedecoration,andanumberofpatentedtechnology,noiselowto22db,brushlessdcmotorefficiencyupto90%,savetheuseofcosts.Thisseriesofpurificationairdischasatriplefilterdesign.Theprefilterlayerinitiallyfilterslargerparticlesfromtheair.ThePM2.5filtrationlayercanphysicallyabsorbPM2.5withoutozone,andthePM2.5filtrationefficiencycanreach96%(cycleefficiencyof120min).Formaldehydeisremovedbychemicaldecompositionofformaldehydefilterlayer,withfiltrationefficiencyupto90%(60mincycleefficiency)andnosecondarypollution.Table3.1airconditioningloadconfigurationThetotalcoolingcapacityoftheairdiskisreferredtofortheselectionofhouseholdwatermachine.CanbeseenfromthetableaboveⅠandⅡsystempartitionplateofthetotalrefrigeratingcapacityofwindisrespectively16.2kW,21.6kWandselectstheunit:TSCA200DHL+TSCI200DHLDandTSCA160DHL+TSCI160DHLDeach1set,therefrigeratingcapacityofthemachinefor16kW,20kW,unitcapacityvariationwithinthescopeofthepermit.Withthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyandtheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards,thedemandforhouseholdcentralairconditioningisincreasing,anditsmarketdemandisboomingincomplexityanddiversification.Householdcentralairconditioningisstillinthemarketintroductionperiod,inasteadyupwardtrend,themarketpotentialishuge.Reference:[1]GB/T50019"designcodeforheatingventilationandairconditioning"[2]GB50736"designcodeforheatingventilationandairconditioningofcivilbuildings"[3]GB50411"constructionqualityacceptancecodeforbuildingenergyconservationengineering"[4]luyao-qing,etal.Practicalheatingandairconditioningdesignmanual.Beijing:Chinabuildingindustrypress,2008.[5]lixiangdong,etal.Designofmodernresidentialhvac.Beijing:Chinabuildingindustrypress,1993.[6]lijianhua,pricingofrefrigerationandairconditioninginstallationproject.Beijing:machineryindustrypress,2012.

附錄5外文譯文—論多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)的選用論戶式央空調(diào)的選用衣金鳳南京天加環(huán)境科技有限公司江蘇南京210046摘要隨著房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展，多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)需求增長(zhǎng)，戶式水機(jī)以其節(jié)能、舒適逐步占有市場(chǎng)份額。以南京一別墅項(xiàng)目為例，詳細(xì)介紹家加潤(rùn)變頻多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)系列的特點(diǎn)。關(guān)鍵詞：多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)；戶式水機(jī)；節(jié)能；舒適；智能聯(lián)控。DOI:10.19569/119313/tu.201831138正文：2007至2017年的11年間，我國(guó)每年房屋施工面積約16.8億平方米，住宅竣工面積約7.5億平方米。其中南京2017年銷售的住宅面積約1429萬(wàn)平方米。房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)升溫，帶動(dòng)了多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品的銷售。別墅、大平層等高端住宅用戶群的大量增加，氟系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機(jī)以及單元機(jī)功能的單一性不能滿足很多高端消費(fèi)者的使用需求，特別是在舒適性方面。隨著消費(fèi)理念的升級(jí)，消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)意識(shí)向個(gè)性化發(fā)展，注重空調(diào)的舒適性、潔凈性、節(jié)能與多功能性。戶式水機(jī)除了具備空調(diào)的功能，還可以直接應(yīng)用于地暖系統(tǒng)，與壁掛爐、太陽(yáng)能同時(shí)供暖，在節(jié)能方面具有一定優(yōu)勢(shì)。這幾年，有不少氟系統(tǒng)廠家開(kāi)始在市場(chǎng)上推出水系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品，雖然出貨量無(wú)法與氟系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品的銷售量對(duì)比，但可知，氟系統(tǒng)廠家對(duì)水系統(tǒng)多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)產(chǎn)品本身的認(rèn)可。北方煤改電市場(chǎng)對(duì)戶式水機(jī)銷量推動(dòng)明顯。戶式水機(jī)，冬季滿足華北市場(chǎng)的采暖需求，夏季可以提供制冷，節(jié)能環(huán)保功能符合政府大力推廣的煤改電政策，戶式水機(jī)在北方市場(chǎng)前景廣闊。下面以南京市一個(gè)雙層別墅空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)方案為例，介紹多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)的特點(diǎn)。一、建筑概況：別墅位于南京市郊，主要為生活起居用，房屋建筑面積260m2，實(shí)際的空調(diào)使用面積為186m2。別墅夏季空調(diào)制冷，冬季采用空調(diào)或燃?xì)忮仩t地板輻射制熱。別墅需考慮外墻承重、美觀、外機(jī)空間位置，室內(nèi)機(jī)的需要與室內(nèi)裝潢風(fēng)格相協(xié)調(diào)，盡量少占用室內(nèi)空間。未經(jīng)政府批準(zhǔn)不可使用地下水資源。要求舒適、節(jié)能、健康，控制便利。二、選擇空調(diào)方式圖2.1多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)多聯(lián)機(jī)式中央空調(diào)的主要分類如下：1、變頻多聯(lián)式中央空調(diào)2、分體變頻戶式水機(jī)空調(diào)+風(fēng)機(jī)盤管3、水（地）源熱泵空調(diào)+風(fēng)機(jī)盤管空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)與氟系統(tǒng)綜合比較變頻多聯(lián)機(jī)屬于氟系統(tǒng)，水（地）源熱泵空調(diào)與分體變頻戶式水機(jī)空調(diào)+風(fēng)機(jī)盤管系統(tǒng)屬于水系統(tǒng)。（一）節(jié)能性比較水機(jī)采用直流變頻技術(shù)，由于水的比熱容較大，使用率越大越節(jié)能，適合大面積（一般超過(guò)150m2）的房屋使用。氟機(jī)采用變頻技術(shù)，控制精度高，高效節(jié)能，用于小戶型時(shí)，它的節(jié)能省電優(yōu)勢(shì)就更為突出（二）舒適性比較水機(jī)的制冷（熱）載體是水，戶式水機(jī)出風(fēng)溫差小，風(fēng)吹到身上體感更為舒適。運(yùn)行時(shí)很少帶走室內(nèi)空氣水分，可保持室內(nèi)空氣濕潤(rùn)，讓人倍感溫潤(rùn)宜人，舒適是水機(jī)最大的亮點(diǎn)。氟機(jī)是利用氟利昂制冷劑氣化吸熱，夏季出風(fēng)溫度低，對(duì)于敏感體質(zhì)人群，夏季對(duì)溫度過(guò)低的冷風(fēng)直接吹拂身體以及冬季對(duì)干燥的空調(diào)熱風(fēng)均會(huì)感覺(jué)不舒適。制冷時(shí)會(huì)帶走室內(nèi)水分，導(dǎo)致空氣較干燥，使用時(shí)舒適感稍差。（三）制冷速度比較水的比熱容較大，升溫降溫比較慢，所以制冷制熱速度較慢。氟機(jī)制冷時(shí)即開(kāi)即冷，速度很快。（四）管路與安裝水機(jī)管路有冷媒管、供回水管和冷凝水管，水管路復(fù)雜，安裝人員需要有暖通專業(yè)知識(shí)和技術(shù)以及工藝經(jīng)驗(yàn)。水管長(zhǎng)度設(shè)計(jì)靈活，不受限，水系統(tǒng)室內(nèi)機(jī)、室外機(jī)相對(duì)獨(dú)立，互不影響。主