第16講- 高中新題型之閱讀理解七選五題型解讀與解題技巧 2022年初高中英語(yǔ)無(wú)縫銜接講義20講+精練（解析版）

優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)高中新題型之閱讀理解七選五題型解讀與解題技巧題型解讀完形填空和七選五有異曲同工之妙，完形填空填的是詞，七選五填的是句子，但七選五在難度上要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于完形填空。七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，把握文章脈絡(luò)。選材特點(diǎn)短文一般為300詞左右的說(shuō)明文或議論文，其中正文詞數(shù)240左右，選項(xiàng)詞數(shù)60左右。短文篇章結(jié)構(gòu)常歸納為：提出問(wèn)題——解決問(wèn)題，一般不在首句設(shè)空。設(shè)空類型?主旨句（標(biāo)題類，主題句類）?過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）?細(xì)節(jié)注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）解題步驟和解題技巧解題步驟：1.先讀文章的開始部分，明確文章的基本話題，然后仔細(xì)閱讀五個(gè)空各自的前后句，尋找并畫出關(guān)鍵詞。2.要對(duì)文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接。可按這幾個(gè)原則判斷原文的空與選項(xiàng)是否匹配。3.一旦確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，就要在該選項(xiàng)上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。4.將選項(xiàng)代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選項(xiàng)。解題技巧1.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。典例1….halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop.TheInternet,whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods,withjustaclickofthemouseisoneofthereasonswhypeople’spatienceappearstobethin.A.Itwastypicalinthepast.B.Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline.C.Morepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathome.D.Asaresult,foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice.[解析]答案為C。前面的內(nèi)容講述了由于網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物只需要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)鼠標(biāo)，所以人們的耐心減弱了，自然人們更加喜歡在家點(diǎn)鼠標(biāo)購(gòu)物。選項(xiàng)C與文中mouse是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。典例2...Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,...A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantagesC.ConsideradistanceeducationD.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.「解析]答案為B。下一句具體解釋disadvantages的內(nèi)容，B項(xiàng)意思“然而，有很多的缺點(diǎn)”正好啟下，B項(xiàng)中的disadvantages與下一句中的disadvantages屬于同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。2.同范疇詞出現(xiàn)同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。典例3Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.TheymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatestorthedeathofabelovedpetA.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends[解析]答案為F。getsupport這一小點(diǎn)主要講的是從可以相信的人身上得到支持，前面已經(jīng)提到了父母、親戚，可以相信的人還有朋友，父母、親戚和朋友都是同范疇的人，是可以相信的人。3.代詞線索英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。典例4...Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger....A.DoctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithangerB.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.C.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.「解析]答案為A。后面的They一定是指代前面一句話中提到的人，只有A項(xiàng)有具體的人“Doctors”，故選A項(xiàng)。4.邏輯關(guān)系線索(1)表示時(shí)間:now，then，afterwards，fiveminuteslater,soon,beforelong,afte1that,meanwhile,tothisday,justnow,justthen等。(2)表示順序:first/firstly，firstofall，second/secondly,next，third/thirdly,atfirst,atlast,intheend,finally等。(3)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:besides，also，what’smore,inaddition,evenmore,oncemore,moreover等。(4)表示因果關(guān)系:because，so，therefore’asaresult,thanksto,becauseof,dueto等。(5)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but，vet，however，while，onthecontrary等。(6)表示條件關(guān)系:if，unless，aslongas，solongas，onconditionthat等。(7)表示結(jié)果關(guān)系:thus，therefore，asaresult，luckily，unfortunately等。(8)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系:aboveall，indeed,surely,certainly,ofcourse,afterall,atleastatmost等。(9)表示過(guò)渡性插入語(yǔ):generallyspeaking，Ithink,Ihope,asyouknow等。檢測(cè)訓(xùn)練基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)Test1Takingnotesisausefulwayforstudentstoimprovetheirlearning.Goodnotescanhelpstudentsfinishtheirhomeworkmorequicklyandgetbettergradesinexams.____1____Herearesomesuggestionstosolvetheproblem.Themostimportantthingyouneedtodobeforeaclassistoprepareforthelesson.____2____Anditcangiveyouanideaofhowtoorganizetheinformationinyournotebook.Besides,ifthereissomethingtoodifficulttounderstand,youwillknowtotakemorespecific（具體的）notesaboutit.____3____Nomatterwhichstyleyouuse,yournotesshouldbeclearatfirstsight!____4____Instead,writedownthemostimportantinformation,forexample,mainideasandexamplesdiscussedinclass.Toremembertheinformationasmuchaspossible,you’dbetterreviewyournoteswithin24hoursafteryourclass.Andattheendofyournotesforeachclass,writeasummary（總結(jié)）.____5____Trytodobetterintakingnotes,andthenitwillhelpyoustudybetter!A．Manystudentshavegoodwaystotakenotes.B．Don’twritedowneverywordtheteachersays.C．Youneedtofindastyleofnote-takingthatworksbestforyou.D．However,somestudentsmaynotbesurehowtotakegoodnotes.E．Thiswillhelpyoumuchbetterunderstandwhatyouhavelearned.F．Bydoingthis,youwillbeabletoknowwhatyouaregoingtolearn.G．Somestudentsareusedtotakingdownthekeyinformationinclass.【解析】這是一篇議論文。主要講述了做學(xué)習(xí)筆記的好處、重要性以及如何做好學(xué)習(xí)筆記。1．【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)上文“Takingnotesisausefulwayforstudentstoimprovetheirlearning.”（做筆記是幫助學(xué)生提高學(xué)習(xí)的有用方式。）以及下文“Herearesomesuggestionstosolvetheproblem.”（以下是解決此問(wèn)題的一些建議。）可知，空格處表示有些學(xué)生在做學(xué)習(xí)筆記上存在一些問(wèn)題，因此，作者要提出一些建議。D項(xiàng)“However,somestudentsmaynotbesurehowtotakegoodnotes.”（然而一些學(xué)生并不知道如何做好筆記）符合文意。故選D。2．【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)前句“Themostimportantthingyouneedtodobeforeaclassistoprepareforthelesson.”（你需要做的最重要的就是課前要為課程做好準(zhǔn)備。）可知本段落在講述課前預(yù)習(xí)的重要性。F項(xiàng)“Bydoingthis,youwillbeabletoknowwhatyouaregoingtolearn.”（這樣做的話，你就能夠知道你將要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容了。）承接前句，且意思相符。故選F。3．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)后句“Nomatterwhichstyleyouuse,yournotesshouldbeclearatfirstsight!”（不管你選擇哪種形式，你的筆記必須第一眼看上去就干凈整潔。）中有關(guān)鍵詞style；C項(xiàng)中有關(guān)鍵詞“findastyleofnote-taking”（找到一種做筆記的形式）；而且都在講述選擇筆記形式的重要性。故選C。4．【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)后句“Instead,writedownthemostimportantinformation,forexample,mainideasandexamplesdiscussedinclass.（相反，寫下最重要的信息，例如中心思想和課堂討論的例子。）”可知，本段主要在講述課堂做筆記不需要全都記下，只記重要信息即可。B項(xiàng)“Don’twritedowneverywordtheteachersays.”（不用記下老師所說(shuō)的每一句話）符合段落大意。故選B。5．【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)前句“Andattheendofyournotesforeachclass,writeasummary”（每節(jié)課的筆記最后要寫上結(jié)論），此處是提出另外一個(gè)做筆記的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)—寫總結(jié)。這能幫助你更好地理解所學(xué)知識(shí)。E項(xiàng)“Thiswillhelpyoumuchbetterunderstandwhatyouhavelearned.”（這能幫助你更好地理解所學(xué)知識(shí)。）符合此意。故選E。Test2TheworldhasbeentroubledbyCOVID-19foroverayear.Masks(口罩)arereallyimportanttoeverybodyduringthepandemic(疫情).Weallwearmaskseveryday.____6____.Thiscouldbecomeabigenvironmentalproblem.Inastudy,scientistsfromtheUSandDenmarksaidthatpeoplearoundtheworldarenowusing129billionfacemaskseverymonth.____7____.Whatalargenumberitis!AccordingtoElvisGenboXufromtheUniversityofSouthernDenmark,disposable(一次性的)masksareplasticproducts.____8____.Peoplethinkthattheyareanewkindofpollution.____9____.Butwecan’trecyclemasks.Scientistshavecalledforsettingupmask-onlytrashcans(垃圾箱)todealwithmaskwaste.____10____.Webelievethatwecansolvethisprobleminthenearfuturethoughthereisstillalotofworktodo.A．Theyalsosuggestthatweusemorereusablecottonmasks.B．Otherplasticproductsareoftenrecycled.C．Butwehavetothrowthemawayafterashorttime.D．Thatistosay,weuse2.8millionmaskseveryminute!E．Theseusedplasticmaskscannotonlypollutetheearthbutalsooceans.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在新冠肺炎疫情大流行期間，口罩帶來(lái)的一些環(huán)境問(wèn)題。6．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)前文“Weallwearmaskseveryday.（我們每天都帶口罩。）”和后文“Thiscouldbecomeabigenvironmentalproblem.（這可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。）”可以推斷出，應(yīng)該是帶完口罩又扔口罩，所以造成環(huán)境污染。C選項(xiàng)“但是我們不得不在短時(shí)間后把它們?nèi)拥簟狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。7．【答案】D【解析】前文“Inastudy,scientistsfromtheUSandDenmarksaidthatpeoplearoundtheworldarenowusing129billionfacemaskseverymonth.（在一項(xiàng)研究中，來(lái)自美國(guó)和丹麥的科學(xué)家表示，全世界每個(gè)月使用1290億個(gè)口罩。）”提到了人們使用的口罩?jǐn)?shù)量之大。而D選項(xiàng)“也就是說(shuō)，我們每分鐘要用280萬(wàn)個(gè)口罩！”則進(jìn)一步解釋這數(shù)量有多大，前后敘述一致，符合邏輯。故選D項(xiàng)。8．【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)前文“AccordingtoElvisGenboXufromtheUniversityofSouthernDenmark,disposablemasksareplasticproducts.（南丹麥大學(xué)的ElvisGenboXu表示，一次性口罩是塑料制品。）”可推斷出，空處可能會(huì)介紹塑料制品所帶來(lái)的污染。結(jié)合E選項(xiàng)“這些使用過(guò)的塑料口罩不僅會(huì)污染地球，還會(huì)污染海洋”符合語(yǔ)境。E項(xiàng)中的Theseusedplasticmasks與前文中的disposablemasks語(yǔ)義一致。故選E項(xiàng)。9．【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)后文“Butwecan'trecyclemasks.（但我們不能回收口罩。）”可以推斷出，空處可能會(huì)介紹我們可以回收其他東西，但是我們不能回收利用口罩。結(jié)合B選項(xiàng)“其他塑料制品則經(jīng)?；厥绽?。”符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)中的recycled與后文中的recycle敘述一致。故選B項(xiàng)。10．【答案】A【解析】前文“Scientistshavecalledforsettingupmask-onlytrashcanstodealwithmaskwaste.（科學(xué)家們呼吁建立只供口罩使用的垃圾桶來(lái)處理口罩垃圾。）”提到了專家的一個(gè)建議，從而推斷出空處可能會(huì)繼續(xù)介紹其他的建議。A項(xiàng)“他們還建議我們使用更多的可重復(fù)使用的棉口罩”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。Text3Knowingthebestwaytostudywillhelpyoutobeabetterstudent.Byusingyourtimeproperly,youcandoyourhomeworkmorequickly.____11____Thefirstthingtorememberisthatyoumustbewillingtolearn.____12____Itdoesmean,however,thatyoumustbewillingtodowhateverisnecessarytolearn.Trytounderstandwhyitisimportantandhowitwillhelpyoulearnotherthings.Knowingmathematicsfactswillbeusefulinyourwholelife.Knowinghowtospellmakesanykindofwritingeasier.Sometimesthesubjectthatyouthinkisgoingtobeuninterestingwillbeexcitingwhenyoubegintoworkatitandunderstanditmoreclearly.____13____Here'ssomeadviceforyou:haveacertaintimeeachdayandaquietplacewithgoodlightingforstudy,sothatyoucanconcentrateonyourstudywithoutinterruption(打擾).____14____Besureyouunderstandwhatyoushouldlearnbeforeyoustart.Readcarefullyandpayspecialattentiontothemostimportantthings.Whenmemorizingsomething,firstfindoutthemainpartsandthenrecitethewholething.____15____Neverforgettheimportanceofreviewsandpreviews.A．Learningtostudyisnotdifficult.B．Itisnecessarytotakenotesinclass.C．Checkyourhomeworkafteryoufinishit.D．Itdoesn'tmeanthatyoumustalwayslikethesubject.E．Rememberthatyoumustfollowtheteacherinstudying.F．Leaningthingscanbefunifyouarewillingtoworkwiththem.G．Haveeverythingreadybeforeyousitdowntostudylikeadictionary,paper,apenandbooks.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了幾個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的方法將一次幫助你成為一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生。11．【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)空格前的“Knowingthebestwaytostudywillhelpyoutobeabetterstudent.Byusingyourtimeproperly,youcandoyourhomeworkmorequickly.”可知通過(guò)合理利用時(shí)間，你就能更快完成作業(yè)。因此學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)并不是一件困難的事。notdifficult呼應(yīng)helpyoutobeabetterstudent.A.Learningtostudyisnotdifficult.(學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)并不困難)。由此可知A符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。12．【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)空格前的“Itdoesmean,however,thatyoumustbewillingtodowhateverisnecessarytolearn.”（然而，這意味著，你必須愿意做任何必要的學(xué)習(xí)。）可知，選項(xiàng)與下文為并列關(guān)系，從不同的方面來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。Itdoesn'tmean對(duì)應(yīng)Itdoesmean?？芍狣.Itdoesn'tmeanthatyoumustalwayslikethesubject.（這并不意味著你必須喜歡這個(gè)科目。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。13．【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)空格前的“Sometimesthesubjectthatyouthinkisgoingtobeuninterestingwillbeexcitingwhenyoubegintoworkatitandunderstanditmoreclearly.”（有時(shí)候，當(dāng)你開始著手一個(gè)你認(rèn)為無(wú)趣的主題，并且對(duì)它有了更清晰的理解時(shí)，這個(gè)主題就會(huì)變得令人興奮。）選項(xiàng)承接上文，圍繞著興趣和學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)系繼續(xù)說(shuō)明。willbeexciting呼應(yīng)befun。可推斷F.Leaningthingscanbefunifyouarewillingtoworkwiththem.(如果你愿意學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)就有可能變得有趣。)因此F符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。14．【答案】G【解析】根據(jù)空格前Here'ssomeadviceforyou:haveacertaintimeeachdayandaquietplacewithgoodlightingforstudy,sothatyoucanconcentrateonyourstudywithoutinterruption(打擾)”（這里有一些建議給你：每天有一定的時(shí)間和一個(gè)安靜的地方，有良好的照明，以便你可以集中精力學(xué)習(xí)而不被打斷）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文，繼續(xù)說(shuō)明應(yīng)該怎們做以此保證注意力集中。G.Haveeverythingreadybeforeyousitdowntostudylikeadictionary,paper,apenandbooks.（在你坐下學(xué)習(xí)之前，將一切準(zhǔn)備好。例如字典，紙張，鉛筆和書。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。15．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)空格前的“Whenmemorizingsomething,firstfindoutthemainpartsandthenrecitethewholething.”記憶的時(shí)候，先找出主要部分，再背誦整個(gè)部分。）以及空格后“Neverforgettheimportanceofreviewsandpreviews.”（永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記復(fù)習(xí)和預(yù)習(xí)的重要性）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文要說(shuō)明記憶知識(shí)之后后續(xù)的工作。C.Checkyourhomeworkafteryoufinishit.（做完后要檢查）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。Test4Ifyou'relikemostpetowners,youprobablytalktoyourpetallthetime,evenifyoufeelalittlesillyaboutit.Butexpertssayyourpetisactually“talking”backtoyou,evenifyoudon'ttotallyunderstandwhatthey're'tryingtosay.Catsanddogsareextremelycognitive(認(rèn)知的)beingsandcommunicatewithusallthetime.Apet'scognitionstartsdevelopingassoonasthey'rebornandchangeswithagejustlikehumans.Whatiscognition?___16___Itinvolvesmemory,theabilitytodealwithachangingenvironmentandinteractingwithotherindividuals.Justlikepeople,petsgothroughage-relatedcognitivechanges,butthesechangescanoftenbeconfusedwithphysicalissuesbecausetheylooksimilar.Howdoyounoticecognitivechanges?___17___Thefollowingcouldbecluesthatyourpet'scognitionisoff.●Theyappearconfusedorcannotremembertheirtraining.Forgettingtricksorhousetrainingcanbeclues.●___18___Ifyourpetisshowinglessaffection,itmaybeasignthatthey'rehavingtroublerememberingpeople.●Aggression.Suddenaggressiontowardstrangersandevenfamilymemberscanbeasignthatthey'velosttheabilitytorecognizepeople.●Lackofappetite.___19___●Changeinsleep-wakecycle.Sleepingalldayandstayingupallnightisnotnormalbehaviorandmaybeasignofsomethingmore.Givingyourpetgoodnutritionisextremelyimportant.___20___Certainnutrientslikeantioxidants(抗氧化物)fromvegetables,alongwithvitaminsandfatsfromcoconuts,canallhelpboostanagingdog'sbrain.And,ifyourpetisovertheageof7,it'stimetostartlookingforaseniorbrandoffood.Ifyourpetisexhibitingstrangebehavior,talktoyourvet(獸醫(yī))aboutwhatnextstepsyoucantake.A．Lackofinteractionoraffection.B．Theyaren'tinterestedinanything.C．It'snotalwayseasytonoticethese.D．Petshavecognitionthesameashuman.E．Nutritionhelpsbridgethegapforcognitionasyourpetages.F．Yourpetmayforgetwheretheirbowlisorwhentoexpectfood.G．Cognitionistheabilitytolearnsomethinganddocomplextasks.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了寵物認(rèn)知能力的有關(guān)知識(shí)。16．【答案】G【解析】上文“Whatiscognition?（什么是認(rèn)知？）”提出問(wèn)題，什么是認(rèn)知？選項(xiàng)G“認(rèn)知是學(xué)習(xí)某事物和完成復(fù)雜任務(wù)的能力。”做出回答，介紹認(rèn)知的概念。選項(xiàng)中Cognition和上文cognition詞匯重疊。故選G項(xiàng)。17．【答案】C【解析】上文“Howdoyounoticecognitivechanges?（你是如何注意到認(rèn)知變化的？）”提出問(wèn)題，如何注意到認(rèn)知變化的？選項(xiàng)C“注意到這些并不總是容易的?！背薪由衔模f(shuō)明注意到認(rèn)知變化不容易，引出下文介紹有關(guān)線索。選項(xiàng)中noticethese和上文noticecognitivechanges語(yǔ)義一致。故選C項(xiàng)。18．【答案】A【解析】下文“Ifyourpetisshowinglessaffection,itmaybeasignthatthey'rehavingtroublerememberingpeople.（如果你的寵物表現(xiàn)出較少的感情，這可能是一個(gè)跡象，他們?cè)谟涀∪朔矫嬗袉?wèn)題。）”說(shuō)明寵物在記人方面出了問(wèn)題，所以表現(xiàn)出較少的感情。選項(xiàng)A“缺乏互動(dòng)或感情”，位于段首，概括本段主題，缺乏互動(dòng)或感情。選項(xiàng)Lackofinteractionoraffection和下文中showinglessaffection語(yǔ)義大體一致。故選A項(xiàng)。19．【答案】F【解析】上文“Lackofappetite.（食欲不振。）”說(shuō)明本段和食欲有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)F“你的寵物可能會(huì)忘記他們的碗在哪里或者什么時(shí)候需要食物?！闭f(shuō)明寵物對(duì)食物不感興趣了，也和食欲有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)中bowl及food和上文中appetite有關(guān)聯(lián)。故選F項(xiàng)。20．【答案】E【解析】上文“Givingyourpetgoodnutritionisextremelyimportant.（給你的寵物良好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)是非常重要的。）”說(shuō)明本段主題和營(yíng)養(yǎng)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E“隨著寵物的年齡增長(zhǎng)，營(yíng)養(yǎng)有助于縮小認(rèn)知差距?！背薪由衔?，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明營(yíng)養(yǎng)的重要意義，引出下文“Certainnutrientslikeantioxidants(抗氧化物)fromvegetables,alongwithvitaminsandfatsfromcoconuts,canallhelpboostanagingdog'sbrain.（某些營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，如蔬菜中的抗氧化劑，以及椰子中的維生素和脂肪，都可以幫助增強(qiáng)老狗的大腦。）”更具體的介紹營(yíng)養(yǎng)的具體作用。選項(xiàng)中Nutrition和上文nutrition以及下文中nutrient語(yǔ)義一致。故選E項(xiàng)。Test5Coloringbooksarenolongerjustforchildren!Infactadultcoloringbooksaretoppingbestsellerlists.Whyhaveadultsdecidedtostartcoloringagain?___21___Itistorelievestressandanxiety.___22___Theytakeonfull-timejobsthatoftendemandmorethan40hoursaweek,equallyaspart-timejobs,familyresponsibilities.Formany,therejustaren’tenoughhoursintheday,whichexplainswhypractisingmindfulnessbecomessopopular.It’simportanttosetasidesometimetocalmthethoughts.Coloringcanbeanescapefromeverydaystress.Itistogobacktotheirchildhood.Atrendamongadultsistoseekoutchildhoodexperiences.That’swhysummercampsforadultsarecroppingup(大量出現(xiàn))acrossthecountry.___23___Abrandnewcoloringbookwithbrightmarkers,crayons,andcoloredpencilsprovideendlesspossibilities.Adultcoloringbooksaremuchmoredetailedthancoloringbooksforchildren,buttheemotionsaresimilarandallowadultstofeelasiftheyare“akidagain”.___24___Adultsareconstantlystaringatscreens:Desktops,laptops,tablets,phones,TVS,etc.Whetherforbusinessorpersonaluse,ithasbecomeverydifficultto“putdown”.Evensomereadershavee-readersandtabletstoconsumebooks,magazines,andnewspapers.___25___Ofcourse,totrulyrealizethebenefitofsteppingawayfromthedevicesforaperiodoftime,youcan’tconstantlybecheckingthemwhileyoucolor!Turnthemoffandleavetheminanotherroom.A．Adultsleadbusy,tiringlives.B．Coloringbooksareexpensive.C．Itistoputdownthetechnology.D．Hereare3reasonstoletyoudeeplyunderstandit.E．Perhapsnothingismoreequaltochildhoodthanacoloringbook.F．Itistopractisethepatienceandimprovetheirrelationwithchildren.G．Anadultcoloringbookprovidesagreatoutlettoescapefromallofthescreens.【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了成人涂色書高居暢銷書榜首及其三個(gè)主要原因。21．【答案】D【解析】上文“Whyhaveadultsdecidedtostartcoloringagain?”（為什么成年人決定重新開始涂色?）下文列舉了三個(gè)主要原因“Itistorelievestressandanxiety.”（它是為了緩解壓力和焦慮。）“Itistogobacktotheirchildhood.”（這是為了回到他們的童年。）“4”，空格處承上啟下，故選D。22．【答案】A【解析】本段標(biāo)題“Itistorelievestressandanxiety.”（它是為了緩解壓力和焦慮。)空格處呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題，下文“Theytakeonfull-timejobsthatoftendemandmorethan40hoursaweek,equallyaspart-timejobs,familyresponsibilities.”（他們從事通常需要每周超過(guò)40個(gè)小時(shí)的全職工作，還有兼職工作、家庭責(zé)任。）對(duì)空格處進(jìn)一步解釋為什么成年人過(guò)著忙碌而累人的生活，前后一致，故選A。23．【答案】E【解析】本段標(biāo)題“Itistogobacktotheirchildhood.”（這是為了回到他們的童年。）與空格處相照應(yīng)，下文“Abrandnewcoloringbookwithbrightmarkers,crayons,andcoloredpencilsprovideendlesspossibilities.”（一個(gè)嶄新的涂色書與明亮的馬克筆，蠟筆，彩色鉛筆提供無(wú)盡的可能性。）對(duì)空格處進(jìn)行舉例照應(yīng)。前后一致，故選E。24．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)整篇結(jié)構(gòu)分析空格處屬于標(biāo)題句，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)與前面兩個(gè)標(biāo)題句結(jié)構(gòu)相一致的只有C項(xiàng)和F項(xiàng)，下文首句“Adultsareconstantlystaringatscreens:Desktops,laptops,tablets,phones,TVS,etc.Whetherforbusinessorpersonaluse,ithasbecomeverydifficultto“putdown”.”（成年人總是盯著屏幕:臺(tái)式機(jī)、筆記本電腦、平板電腦、手機(jī)、電視等等。無(wú)論是商業(yè)用途還是個(gè)人用途，它都變得非常難以“放下”。）提到的是一些科技產(chǎn)品，對(duì)空格處進(jìn)行舉例照應(yīng)。前后一致，故選C。25．【答案】H【解析】根據(jù)上文“Whetherforbusinessorpersonaluse,ithasbecomeverydifficultto‘putdown’.”（無(wú)論是商業(yè)用途還是個(gè)人用途，非常難以“放下”屏幕。）空格處承上啟下，它是成年人放下屏幕的一個(gè)理由或借口，下文列舉了成年人放下屏幕的方法與空格處一致，故選G。Test6I'moftenaskedhowtostudyEnglisheffectively.Ithinkthismeansgettingthemostoutofyourstudytime,andthatmeansvariety._____26_____StudyEveryDayIt'simportanttostudyEnglisheveryday.However,don'texaggerate(夸張)!_____27_____ThishabitofstudyingEnglisheverydaywillhelpkeepEnglishinyourbrainfresh.ALittleGrammar,aLittleListening,aLittleReading,andaLittleWriting___28___Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,andthenreadanarticleonthesametopic.Don'tdotoomuch;twentyminutesonthreedifferenttypesofexercisesisplenty!____29____Giveyourselfonegrammargoalwhenreadinganewarticleorwatchinganewvideo.Forexample,trytowritedowneachexampleofaformyouarestudyingsuchasthepresentperfect.Usecoloredpenstohighlight(使……突出)formsthatyouarestudying.UseDifferentLearningMethodsDon'tjustuseonewaytostudyEnglish.Usemanykindsofmethodswhichwillmakeallthepartsofyourbrainhelpyou._______30_______Allofthesemethodstogetherhelpwithyourlearning.FindSomeFriendsYoucanpracticetheexercisestogether,haveconversationstogether(inEnglish),and,asyoustudyEnglishtogether,helpeachotherwithexercisesyoumaynotunderstand.A．ForgetGrammarB．ReviewGrammarasYouWatchorReadC．HerearesomesimpleexercisestohelpyouwarmupD．HerearesomebasicideastohelpyouasyoustudyEnglishE．Studyforthirtyminuteseverydayinsteadoftwohoursonceaweek.F．MakesurethatyoustudyanumberofareasratherthanfocusingonjustoneG．Forexample,ifyouarelearningnewvocabulary,createawordmap,describeapicture,makealist...【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幾種有效的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法。26．【答案】D【解析】上文“I'moftenaskedhowtostudyEnglisheffectively.Ithinkthismeansgettingthemostoutofyourstudytime,andthatmeansvariety.（經(jīng)常有人問(wèn)我如何有效地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。我認(rèn)為這意味著充分利用你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，意味著多樣化。）”以及下文所列舉的小標(biāo)題說(shuō)明本文主題就是介紹英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法。D項(xiàng)“這里有一些基本的想法，可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)”，承接上文，引出下文幾條學(xué)習(xí)方法。故選D項(xiàng)。27．【答案】E【解析】小標(biāo)題“StudyEveryDay（每天學(xué)習(xí)）”說(shuō)明每天都要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，E.“每天學(xué)習(xí)30分鐘，而不是每周只學(xué)習(xí)一次，每次兩個(gè)小時(shí)”符合本段主題，是每天學(xué)習(xí)的具體措施。故選E項(xiàng)。28．【答案】F【解析】下文“Studyalittlegrammar,thendoashortlisteningexercise,andthenreadanarticleonthesametopic.（學(xué)習(xí)一點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法，然后做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)，然后讀一篇相同主題的文章。）”介紹了一系列學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容方法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“確保你學(xué)習(xí)了很多領(lǐng)域，而不是只關(guān)注一個(gè)”引出下文，符合本段主題（小標(biāo)題）。故選F項(xiàng)。29．【答案】B【解析】下文“Giveyourselfonegrammargoalwhenreadinganewarticleorwatchinganewvideo.（在閱讀新文章或觀看新視頻時(shí)，給自己設(shè)定一個(gè)語(yǔ)法目標(biāo)。）”說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)給自己設(shè)個(gè)語(yǔ)法目標(biāo)。B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你看或讀的時(shí)候復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法。”能概括本段大意，適合做本段標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。30．【答案】G【解析】上文“Usemanykindsofmethodswhichwillmakeallthepartsofyourbrainhelpyou.（使用各種各樣的方法，這將使你的大腦的所有部分幫助你。）”和下文“Allofthesemethodstogetherhelpwithyourlearning.（所有這些方法都有助于你的學(xué)習(xí)。）”都在談?wù)摲椒▽?duì)學(xué)習(xí)的幫助，G項(xiàng)“例如，如果你正在學(xué)習(xí)新的詞匯，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)單詞地圖，描述一幅圖片，列一個(gè)清單……”承接上文，列舉了一系列具體的學(xué)習(xí)方法，下文中的thesemethods指代“所舉方法”，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明這些方法的作用。故選G項(xiàng)。Test7根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。___31___However,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.Thefollowingarewaystodealwithstress.___32___Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry.Youshouldmakeeveryefforttogetenoughrestandeatwell.Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan’tsleepwellenough,orifyou’renoteatingproperly,itwillbemorelikelythatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations._____33_____Scheduletimeforbothworkandentertainment.Don’tforget,playcanbejustasimportanttoyourhealthaswork.___34___Gowindow-shoppingorworkonahobby.Allowyourselfatleasthalfanhoureachdaytodosomethingyouenjoy.Stresscanresultfromdisorganizationandafeelingthat“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.____35____Remember:doonethingatatime,andcheckoffeachtaskitiscompleted.A．Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldseeadoctor.B．You’dbettergetintogoodlivinghabits.C．Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun.D．Itisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress.E．Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.F．Tryingreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseisprobablyagoodchoice.G．Stresscaninfluencepeopledthoughtsandfeelings.【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何減少壓力的建議。31．【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)下文However,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.可知，然而，當(dāng)壓力無(wú)法避免時(shí)，它是可以預(yù)防的，也可以減少它的影響。由此可知，D.Itisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress.(完成沒(méi)有壓力的生活是不可能的)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。32．【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)下文Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry.可知，跑步、散步、打網(wǎng)球、在花園里工作都是你可以嘗試的活動(dòng)。列舉的這些都是體育鍛煉，由此可知，F(xiàn).Tryingreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseisprobablyagoodchoice.(嘗試通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)釋放壓力可能是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。33．【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)本段中心句Youshouldmakeeveryefforttogetenoughrestandeatwell.可知，你應(yīng)該盡一切努力得到足夠的休息和吃好。由此可知，A.Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldseeadoctor.(如果壓力反復(fù)讓你無(wú)法入睡，你應(yīng)該去看醫(yī)生)在講休息的問(wèn)題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。34．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)上文提到Don’tforget,playcanbejustasimportanttoyourhealthaswork.可知，別忘了，娛樂(lè)和工作對(duì)你的健康同樣重要。由此可知，C.Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun.(你需要從你的日常工作中休息一下，放松一下，找點(diǎn)樂(lè)子)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。35．【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)上文Stresscanresultfromdisorganizationandafeelingthat“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.可知，“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”.Makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.可知，壓力可能是由于組織混亂和感覺(jué)“有太多事情要做，而沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間”。把你要做的事情列個(gè)清單。由此可知，E.Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst.(開始先做最重要的任務(wù))符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。真題初體驗(yàn)（2021全國(guó)乙卷）AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.___36___,ifyou’reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou’rewanderingintosomebody’shouseforthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?”,you’llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou’retalkingto.___37___,itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.___38___?Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（講臺(tái)）.Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.___39___.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou’refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（贊揚(yáng)）.___40___.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在晚宴上讓自己表現(xiàn)得有趣的一些方法。36.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)上文“it’snotdifficulttomakeyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty(在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣并不難)”可知，下文應(yīng)主要講述如何在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣。下文“Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.(所以最主要的事情就是去嘗試，去冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試不同的食物，和陌生人交談)”可推知，本段主要說(shuō)明想在晚宴上讓自己變得有趣，就要勇于冒險(xiǎn)，勇于探索。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“Thefirststepistogoexploring(第一步是去探索)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。37.【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)下文“itcanbringin“Ihavethisold,broken-downvehicle”or“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback.”Itjustopensupconversation.(它可以帶入“我有這輛破舊的車”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑話的瘋子一起乘坐公共汽車。”它只是打開了對(duì)話)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是提了一個(gè)不太好的問(wèn)題，只是開始交流，但并不會(huì)給人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”(如果你問(wèn)“你是怎么到這里來(lái)的？”這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”能夠承接下文，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。38.【答案】F【解析】根據(jù)下文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox.Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.(如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，此處指出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決辦法。由此推知，設(shè)空處提到了一個(gè)棘手的問(wèn)題。F項(xiàng)“Whataboutthepersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon’tstoptalking(喝太多酒或一直說(shuō)個(gè)不停的人怎么辦)”正是提出的問(wèn)題，引出下文的解決辦法，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。39.【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoucan’ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox(講臺(tái)).Ifyou’rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.(如果你不能拿走他們的酒，你當(dāng)然應(yīng)該讓他們離開講話的地方。如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景)”可知，本段主要是為解