2024年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)跳出題海文化習(xí)俗（高考篇）（解析版）

優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語英語教材·單元主題語境專題訓(xùn)練文化習(xí)俗—高考篇（解析版）【關(guān)鍵詞（組）】Group11.adventure n.冒險(xiǎn),奇遇2.ancestor n.祖先3.ancient adj.古代的4.anniversary n.周年紀(jì)念日5.awkward adj.令人尷尬的,使人難堪的6.belief n.信條,信念 believe v.相信,認(rèn)為7.bless v.保佑;祈福8.casual adj.漫不經(jīng)心的,不經(jīng)意的,非正式的9.cause n.原因,起因vt.促使,引起,使發(fā)生10.caution n.謹(jǐn)慎,小心,警告 cautiousadj.小心的,謹(jǐn)慎的Group21.ceremony n.典禮,儀式,禮節(jié)2.chief adj.主要的3.civilized adj.文明的4.concern v.&n.涉及,關(guān)心beconcernedabout關(guān)心；觀念5.cooperation n.合作6.cultural adj.文化的7.custom n.習(xí)慣,習(xí)俗,風(fēng)俗8.decorate v.裝飾,裝潢,修飾9.expand v.擴(kuò)展10.familiar adj.熟悉的befamiliarwith熟悉；精通Group31.fascinating adj.魅力無窮的2.imagination n.想象(力)3.immigrant n.移民4.inform vt.告訴;通知 informationn.信息5.marriage n.結(jié)婚,婚姻marriedadj.已婚的marryv.(使)成婚,結(jié)婚6.monument n.紀(jì)念碑,紀(jì)念館7.moral adj.道德的8.nationality n.國籍9.occasion n.時(shí)刻;場(chǎng)合10.particular adj.特殊的,特別的inparticular尤其，特殊Group41.pray v.祈禱2.public adj.公共的,公眾的3.race n.種族4.relevant adj.緊密相關(guān)的,有意義的5.religion n.宗教religiousadj.宗教的；虔誠的；及其嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?.remind vt.提醒,使記起7.remove v.移開,拿走,脫掉(衣服等)8.restrict v.限制 restrictionn.限制,約束9.result n.結(jié)果,效果10.ridiculous adj.可笑的;荒唐的Group51.phenomenon n.現(xiàn)象2.sacred adj.神圣的,上帝的3.sacrifice n.&v.犧牲;供奉4.separate v.使分開,使分離adj.單獨(dú)的,分開的separatelyadv.單獨(dú)地,各自地separationn.分離,隔離5.silence n.安靜,沉默silentadj.無聲的,沉默的6.strange adj.奇怪的,奇特的,陌生的strangern.陌生人,異鄉(xiāng)人7.symbol n.象征8.temple n.廟宇;寺廟9.tradition n.傳統(tǒng),風(fēng)俗traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的,習(xí)俗的10.typical adj.典型的,有代表性的,特有的betypicalof典型的；……的特點(diǎn)Group61.addto 增添2.attendaceremony 出席儀式3.comeintobeing 形成;產(chǎn)生;出現(xiàn)4.cultureshock 文化沖擊5.crowdinto 涌入6.cooperatewithsb. 與某人合作7.dressup 穿上盛裝;喬裝打扮8.datebackto/datefrom 追溯到9.followacustom 遵循習(xí)俗10.gettogether 聚集11.inmemoryof 為了紀(jì)念12.inhonourof 為了紀(jì)念;為向……表示敬意13.lookforwardto 盼望14.mixsth.withsth. 將……與……混合15.makeitaruletodosth. 使做某事成為規(guī)定16.onspecialoccasions 在特殊的場(chǎng)合17.originatefrom 起源于……18.passdownfromgenerationtogeneration一代一代傳下來19.referto 涉及20.themajorityof 大多數(shù)【2021年全國甲卷，A】ATakeaview,theLandscape（風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)SkiddawinWinterCumbria,EnglandItwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,IfoundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack—and—whiteimage（圖像）.TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandIwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe,alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?A.Writers. B.Photographers. C.Painters. D.Tourists.2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?A.Theyarewinterimages.B.Theyareinblackandwhite.C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.D.Theyfocusonsnow—coveredforests.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inanovel. C.Inanartmagazine. D.Inabiography.【參考答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況。1.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Takeaview,theLandscape(風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.”（Takeaview，年度風(fēng)景攝影師獎(jiǎng)是CharlieWaite的主意，他是當(dāng)今最受尊敬的風(fēng)景攝影師之一）可知攝影師最有可能參加Takeaview。故選B項(xiàng)。2.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.”（那是一個(gè)極其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空氣中彌漫著冰冷的霧）和TimothySmith部分“IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.”（我回到我的家鄉(xiāng)Macclesfield拍攝一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd和Smith的作品的共同之處是它們都是冬天的景象。故選A項(xiàng)。3.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.”（每年參賽作品的高水準(zhǔn)表明，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)是展示英國風(fēng)景最佳攝影作品的完美平臺(tái)。對(duì)于英國和世界各地的攝影師來說，Takeaview是一項(xiàng)令人向往的年度競(jìng)賽）結(jié)合下文對(duì)兩位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呒捌渥髌返慕榻B，可知這篇文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況，最可能出現(xiàn)在一本藝術(shù)雜志上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?016·全國新課標(biāo)III，C】Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat’saround.It’scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit’smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn’ttasteofanythingspecial,it’sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat’sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou’llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit’sapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple-themedfunandgames.AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果園).Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.1.Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A.Attendexperts’lectures. B.Visitfruit-lovingfamilies.C.Plantfruittreesinanorchard. D.Tastemanykindsofapples.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A.Itisanewvariety. B.Ithasastrangelook.C.Itisrarelyseennow. D.Ithasaspecialtaste.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A.Apracticalidea. B.Avainhope.C.Abrilliantplan. D.Aselfishdesire.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhowtogrowapples.B.Tointroduceanapplefestival.C.Tohelppeopleselectapples.D.Topromoteappleresearch.【參考答案】1.D2.C3.B4.B【語篇解讀】作者向人們介紹了一個(gè)節(jié)日－－AppleDay。由于這個(gè)節(jié)日翡翠受歡迎，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)演變成＂蘋果月＂了。在英國，人們?cè)谑路輵c祝該節(jié)日，持續(xù)大約一個(gè)月的時(shí)間。1.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段＂Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.＂可知，參加相關(guān)慶祝活動(dòng)的人們可以品嘗各種各樣的蘋果，故選D項(xiàng)。2.C【解析】推理判斷題。由第二段的最后一句可知選C項(xiàng)。3.B【解析】猜測(cè)詞義題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知選B項(xiàng)。4.B【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段“ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat’saround.”和最后一段“Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent.”可知，作者向讀者介紹了一個(gè)節(jié)日—AppleDay，并推薦人們參加這個(gè)節(jié)日，故選B項(xiàng)?！?016·全國新課標(biāo)I，D】Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(間隙)withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson'sneeds.ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?A.Itimpliesanger. B.Itpromot