交際翻譯理論指導(dǎo)下的網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技新聞的翻譯策略研究

iiiContentsiv1Introduction…………….……………12Communicativetranslationtheory………………….…………….…22.1Introductionofcommunicativetranslationtheory…………..22.2Guidingsignificanceofcommunicationtranslationtheory………...………..33Networktechnologynews.….…………….……..……………..……43.1Introductionofnetworktechnologynews……….……..……43.2Featuresofnetworktechnologynews…….…………….…….………..….…53.3Thetranslationstandardofnetworktechnologynews….…….………..….…64Translationcasesandstrategyresearch…………...…74.1Translationonlexicallevel…………..………74.2Translationonsyntacticallevel……………….…...…….….104.3Translationontextuallevel……………….……………...…145Conclusion……………….….…………….…..……………...….…15Acknowledgement……………………17References……………….…………...18PAGE11IntroductionWiththedevelopmentoftechnologyandthepublic’srequirementforhigherculturalappreciations,thetranslationofnetworktechnology

newsplaysamoreimportantroleinourlife.Meanwhile,thenetworktechnology

news,whichiscompletelydifferentfromothertypesoftext,haspatchytranslationqualityatpresent.Firstofall,networktechnologynewsisakindofprofessionaltextbecauseitscontentincludesmanyspecializedknowledge,phrasesandterms.Secondly,networktechnology

newsspreadswidely.Notonlysomespecialistsreaditbutalsosomeordinarypeoplewhoareinterestedinscienceandtechnologypaygreatattentiontoit.Thusitmakesgreatdemandsonthewaysofexpressionofnetworktechnology

news.Thenetworktechnologynewsisderivedfromtraditionalscientifictext.However,mosttranslatorsoftenignoretheuniquetextualcharacteristicsofnetworktechnologynewstextinthetranslationprocessandusegeneraltranslationstrategiestotranslatethiskindoftext,whichmakesthetranslationverydifficulttoread.Networktechnologynewsisakindofjournalese.Broadlydefined,newsincludesmagazines,television,radioandnetworkmedia.Inanarrowsense,newsreferstonewsreport(YangQin,2014).Atthesametime,theliteraryform

ofnetworktechnologynewshasaninseparablerelationshipwiththat

oftraditionalscientific

English.InJiMingyang(2017:1)’sopinion,

“scientific

English,asaspecialpragmatictext,iswidelyusedinthefieldsofscienceandtechnology.”ScientificEnglishattachesgreatimportancetotheeffectivenessofinformationspreading.TheexpressionofscientificEnglish,whichhasprominentlanguagefeatures,isconcise,accurateandprecise.FromNewmark(2001a)’spointofview,hethoughtthatthewriting

ofscientific

Englishis“awayfromemotionallanguage,connotations,acousticsandprimitivemetaphors.Accordingtothefunctionoflanguage,Newmarkdividedthetextintoexpressivetext,informativetextandvocative

text.Networktechnologynews

belongstoinformativetext.Thekeypoint

ofcommunicativetranslationtheoryisthatwhentranslatinginformativetexts,translatorsshouldnotonlyfaithfullyconveythemeaningofthesourcetextbutalsoconsiderthereaders’acceptance

ofthetranslation.Newmark(2001b)firstmentioned

thecommunicativetranslation

theory

inoneofhismasterpieces,ApproachestoTranslation.Heemphasizedthattranslationworksneedtoreappearthesameeffectwhichwasfeltbythesource-textreaderstothereadersofthetranslationasmuchaspossible.Thisshowsthatthecommunicativetranslationtheoryisreader-centeredandfocusesonmaintainingtherealfunctionofthelanguage.Thusundertheguidanceofcommunicativetranslation

theory,

translation

willbemoresmoothandfluent,anditismucheasier

togetthesupportofreaders.2Communicativetranslationtheory2.1IntroductionofcommunicativetranslationtheoryTheBritishfamoustranslatorNewmarkcameuptwoimportanttheoriesoftranslation—semantictranslationtheoryandcommunicativetranslationtheory.Whenreferringtocommunicativetranslationtheory,wecannotignoretheothertranslationtheoryofhim,semantictranslationtheory.Thesetwotheorieshaveaprofoundimpactonthetranslationfield,whichprovidesthelatertranslatorsguidanceontheirtranslation.Newmark(2001a)dividedtextintosixcategories,whichincludeexpressivetext,informativetext,vocativetext,aesthetictext,phatictextandmetalanguagetext.Amongthem,informativetextusuallyhaveafixedformat,suchastextbooks,newspapernews,scientificarticles,conferencesrecords,etc.Itisworthnotingthat“thereareoftenproblemswithuncleartextsandinaccuratecontentinthetexts,andtranslatorsshouldcorrectandimprovetheseproblemsinthetranslationprocess”(Newmark,2001a:39).Thusthetranslatorhasplayedabigroleintranslation.Newmarkraiseddifferenttranslationmethodsthroughstudyingdifferenttypesoftexts.Semantictranslationandcommunicativetranslationaretheoften-usedandeffectivetranslationmethods.InNewmark(2001b)’sanalysisofcommunicativetranslationandsemantictranslation,hebelievedthatsemantictranslationtheoryisbasedonsourcetextandthecultureofsoucelanguageandtrytoconveythecontentoftheoriginaltextthattheauthorwanttoexpressaccuratelywithinthescopeofthetargetedlanguagestructureandsemantics.Thepurposeofcommunicativetranslationistotrytomaketheeffectofthetranslationforthetargetlanguagereaderisassameasthatoftheoriginallanguagereader.Newmark’sstudyoftranslationcanbediscussedfromtwodirections.Firstofall,followingthedirectionofsemantictranslationtheory,toalargeextent,thetranslatorplaysaroleinhelpingthereaderswhoreadthetranslationunderstandthemeaningoftheoriginalcontent,whilethetranslationisstillsubjecttotheoriginalcultureandtheoriginalauthor.Inthetheoryofcommunicativetranslation,thetranslatorshouldtranslatethesourcetextinawaythatthereaderscanacceptandunderstand,whichmeansthatthetranslatorhasgreatercreativerightswhenhetranslatestheoriginaltext.Thesyntacticstructureofthetranslationisnolongerrestrictedbytheoriginalcultureandtheoriginalauthor,whichplaysabettercommunicationeffect.Thismeansthatthecommunicativetranslationtheoryattachesmoreimportancetowhetherthetranslationhasthesameeffectonthetarget-textreaderastheoriginaltextontheoriginalreader.Insummary,communicativetranslationtheoryfocusesonitsreadersandreadingexperienceandsemantictranslationtheorywillconsidermoreaestheticfactorsofsourcetext.Networktechnologynews,whichfacestothepublic,isakindofwritingofscientificnews.Theoriginaltextisaimedatforeignreaders,whichwillprioritizetheforeignlinguistichabitsandculturalbackgroundinthetextarrangement.Meanwhile,networktechnologynewsinvolvesallaspectsofscienceandtechnology,suchas:lifescience,environmentalscience,astronomyandgeography,medicineandhealth,etc.,whichmeansthetextcontentishighlyprofessional.Innewstext,maintainingtheaccuracyandtruthofcontentisreallyimportant,however,literaltranslationcanachieveone-to-onecorrespondenceinwordsbutcannotgetsameeffectontranslationreadersduetodifferentculturalbackground.Incommunicativetranslationtheory,thetranslatornotonlycanachievetheaccuracyandconcisenessofnewsbutalsoconsiderculturalfactorswhichareoutofthesourcetext.Thusthetranslationwillbeacceptableandunderstandableforthetargetreaders.Therefore,itishighlysuggestthatthetranslatorareabletoputthecommunicativetranslationtheoryintotheprocessoftranslation.2.2TheguidingsignificanceofcommunicativetranslationtheoryTranslationisthebridgeofdifferentlanguagesandcultures.WhileintranslationbetweenChineseandEnglishnetworktechnologynews,itisthetransformationbetweenthinkingmodelandlinguistichabits.Themaintaskofnewsistoconveythecorrectinformationsothetranslatorneedtofocusonwhetherthereadercanacceptandunderstand,thatis,whethertheinformationhasbeeneffectivelytransmitted,whichisalsothecoreviewpointincommunicativetranslationtheory.Thewords,syntaxandwritingstyleoftheoriginaltextareverydifferentbetweenChinesenewsandforeignnews.Therefore,thetranslatornotonlyneedstoscreen,tosupplement,tosimplifyandtoremoveredundantinformation,complexandincomprehensibleareasbutalsotoexplainalargepartoforiginalinformationwhichmayappearintheotherplacesofsourcetext.Secondly,thepurposeofcommunicativetranslationistobreakthebarriersoftheoriginallanguagecultureandimprovethefluencyofthetranslation.Thisisdifferentfromtheprincipleofsemantictranslation.Thetranslation,undertheguidanceofsemantictranslation,isstillboundbythecultureandformoftheoriginaltext,andthetranslationsuccumbstotheoriginaltext.Butinthetheoryofcommunicativetranslation,theresponseofreceptorstothetranslationismoreimportanttothetranslator.Therefore,intheprocessoftranslation,theformofthetranslationisnotrequiredtobeassameastheoriginaltextandthereader'sreadingisnolongerrestrictedbytheconversionofdifferentlanguages.ChineseandEnglisharecompletelydifferentlanguage.Inordertoimprovethe“readability”ofthetranslation,thetranslatorneedstoexerthiscreativityintranslation.Inthisprocess,thetranslatorwillencountermanyproblemsinvocabulary,syntaxandwordorder,andthecommunicativetranslationtheorywillprovideaverygoodsolutiontotheseproblems.CombinedwiththeelaborationofthecharacteristicsofEnglishscienceandtechnologynewsinthepreviousarticle,theauthorselectsthestrategyof“choosingthemaininformationforthetargetreader”and“addingthenecessaryinformation”fromthe“understandability”levelofthetranslation.Fromthe“readability”level,theauthorfocusesonthelexicalandsyntacticlevelstodiscusstheEnglishtranslationstrategiesofscienceandtechnologynews.3Networktechnologynews3.1IntroductionofnetworktechnologynewsChina'sonlinemediawasborninthe1990sanditsdevelopmentreliesontheprogressofmediaandemergingnetworktechnology.Thisyoungmedia,whichisinformative,reliable,fastandeffective,hasbeenspreadthroughbothChineseandEnglishfromtheverybeginning.Atthesametime,thecurrentonlinenewsemphasizes“quick,concise,accurate”.Thisiscausedbytheextremelyfastupdateofthenetworkplatform.Thesamepressreleasemayhaveoneineachmedia,andwhogetsmoreclicksandexposuredependsonwhoisthefastestonereleasingthenews.Thetranslationofnetworktechnologynewsisnoexception.Newsreportsfromforeignmediaoftenputimportantcontentatthebeginning,andthedescriptionofthedetailsisplacedbehindthearticle,usingthe“invertedpyramidstructure”.Inrecentyears,asthecommunicationbetweenChinesemediaandforeignmediahavebecomemoreandmoreconnected.Manymediahasbeguntoimitatethewritingmodelofforeignmedia.Thischangewillbenefitthetranslationofnetworktechnologynews.Afterthetranslatorhasreceivedthemodifiedtext,hecanquicklytranslatethetranslationaccordingtotheoriginalformat,whicheffectivelyimprovestheefficiencyofthenewsrelease.3.2FeaturesofnetworktechnologynewsThedutyofnetnewsmediaistodisseminatetheup-to-datenewsinformationtoitsreaders.Atthemoment,themostpopularnewsgenreisnetworktechnologynewswhichisnovelandcutting-edge.ScienceandtechnologyinBritainandAmericanaregrowingmuchfasterthaninChina.ManynetnewsmediaorganizationsatpresentaretryingtoprovideChinesereaderswiththelatestforeignscientificandtechnicalinformation.BecauseofthepopularizationoftheInternetandthegreatincreaseoftheinternetconnectionsaswellastheconstructionofnetworkplatformfromtraditionalmediainrecentyears,alargenumberofnewswebsiteshavesprungupontheinternetinChina.Networktechnologynewsandothertypesofnewsallbelongtojournalese.Thustheyneedtofollowthejournaleserelatedprinciples,whicharealsotheircommonplaces.However,networktechnologynewsalsohasitsownfeatures.(1)Timeliness.Unliketraditionalprintmedia,whosespreadislimitedbytheproductionprocessandtransportconditions.Thespreadofnetworktechnologynewsreliesonopticalfibertransmission,whichisnolongerlimitedbytimeandspace(HuangXianguang,2012).Aslongasthereisanetwork,itisveryeasyforpeopletogetthenewswhichjusthappenedinanyplaceintheworld.Thusnetworktechnologynews’transmissionefficiencyandrangeisgreatlyimproved.(2)Dataofhugevolumes.Thenetworkplatformcanholdthemaximuminformationuptonow.Peoplecanalmostfindalltheinformationtheyneedonthenetworkplatform.Peoplefromdifferentregionscanalsosharewhattheyseeandhearwithallnetworkusersthroughtheirelectronicdevices.Constructingaworld-widedatabase,thenetworkbringstheinformationoftheworldtogether.(3)Professionalandscientificity.networktechnologynewsofteninvolvessomeknowledgefromprofessionalfieldsofscienceandtechnology,suchasmedicineandhealth,lifescienceandtechnology,environmentalscience,astrology,meteorology,sportsscienceandthecultureandscientifictechnology.Therefore,professionalterms,vocabularyandalargenumberofabbreviationsalwaysappearinnetworktechnologynews.Terminologyoccupiesanimportantpositioninthescientificandtechnicalwritings,“atermexpressesonlyaconceptinprinciple”(FuJing,WangYuehong,2014:48);Inaddition,theinformationofnetworktechnologynewsisgenerallysupportedbysciencesoliterarycreationsseldomappearinthenetworkscientificandtechnicalnews.Anditslanguageexpressionandthewordrequirementarerequired.Itmeansthattheexpressionshouldbeobjectiveandstronglogicalreasoning.(4)Popularity.Networktechnologynewsmainlyspreadsthroughthenetworkplatformanditisfreetoreadnewsnetworkthere.Thismeansthatthereadersofnetworkscientificandtechnicalnewsisfarbroaderthanthetraditionalscientificandtechnicalliteratureandmagazines.News,whichaimsatthesocialmass,needstoexplainthecomplexconceptsaswellassomeprofessionaltermstothereaderinaclearexpressionandavoidstheappearanceofcomplexsentencestructure,uncommonvocabularyandotherissues.Thisgivesahigherrequestforthetranslationofnetworktechnologynews.(5)Theuseofshortsentences.Itisnotuncommontoseethatnettechnologynewswillwidelyuseacronym,suchastheWTO(WorldTradeOrganization),DARPA(DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency)andsoon.3.3ThetranslationstandardofnetworktechnologynewsNetworktechnologynews,asaspecialinformationcarrier,takestheresponsibilityofspreading

culture,scientificandtechnicalinformationandreceivesmoreandmoreattentionfromthepublic.Meanwhile,

thetranslationoftechnology

textshasreceivedunprecedentedattention,suchasthemagazinenamedChinese

Science&TechnologytranslatorsJournal,whichfocuses

onthetranslationofscientificandtechnologicaltext.Inordertodoagoodtranslationinnetworktechnologynews,weneedto

knowthetranslationstandardofnetworktechnologynews.

Accordingtotherelatedresearchontechnicaltext,theauthorfoundthattherearemanysimilarcharacteristicsinthetranslationofvocabularyandsyntaxbetweennetworktechnologynewsandtechnicaltext.However,duetothenetworkplatform,thereadersofnetworktechnologynewsismuchwider,sotherewillbehigherrequirementsforthefluencyoftheitstranslation.InChinesetranslation

theory,translatorneedtofollowthestandardoffaithfulnessandfluency.Thisstandardcanalsobeappliedtothetranslationofnetworktechnologynews.However,thetranslationguidedbyliteraltranslationtheoryisalwayssoabstruse,whichwillhaveanegativeimpactonthefluencyofthetranslationandbringabadreadingexperiencetothetarget-textreaders.Thus,compared

withothertypesoftranslation,thestandardoffaithfulnessandfluencyisquitedifferentwhenitappliestonetworktechnologynews.Thetranslatorsshouldensuretheaccuracyofthetranslationaswellasthefluencyandreadingexperiencefromtarget-textreaders.

Inaddition,withtheprogressionoftheera,BritainandAmericanscientificandtechnicalworkersstartedtoadvocateforusingnatural,conciseandlivelylanguageinsteadofusingtraditional,rigidandold-fashionedlanguageintheirwritings.ThuspeoplestarttouseactivevoiceandpersonalsubjectsentenceintechnologyEnglishtextandpaygreatattentiontotheaestheticfunctionsandliteraryappreciationvalueoftechnologyEnglish.(ZhaoHuan,HeLingjing,2018)Therefore,intheprocessoftranslationandresearchofnetworktechnologyEnglish,peopleneedtopayattentiontothedevelopmentofthisnewtrend

andmakecorrespondingadjustmentsinpractice.Basedonthestandardofaccuracyandfaithfulness,thelanguageofnetworktechnologynewswillbefluent,clearandvivid,tosomeextent.4Translationcaseandstrategyresearch4.1Translationonlexicallevel4.1.1ThedeterminationofwordTherearemanysimilaritiesamongthetranslationofnetworktechnologynews,newstext,technicaltextandnetworknews.Thelanguageofnetworktechnologynewsisclear,precise,detailedandconcise.Toexplorethetranslationofnetworktechnologynews,theauthorisgoingtostartwithvocabulary.Fornon-termvocabulary,thetranslatorneedtochoosetheclosestmeaningoftheword.Tograspthemeaningofthewordsinthenetworktechnologynews,thetranslatorfirstlyoughttograsptheparaphraseofthegeneralvocabulary.Unlikethetranslationofgeneraltext,thetranslationofnetworktechnologynewsofteninvolvesspecializedvocabulary,whichrequirestranslatorstohaveageneralunderstandingoftheindustryinvolved.Meanwhile,thecommunicativetranslationemphasizesthereader'sreadingexperience.Thetranslatorshouldappropriatelysupplementandrevisetheoriginaltexttoensurethatthereaderdoesnothavedyslexiaduetothelanguagetransformationordifferentculturalbackground.ThefollowingisaspecificexamplefromChinaDaily:Example4-1:Thestartup’swebsite,whichisadvertisingvacanciesfor11differentjobs,describesthefuturistictechnologyasan“ultra-highbandwidth”connectionbetweenthehumanbrainandcomputers.譯文一：這家創(chuàng)業(yè)公司的網(wǎng)站正在為11個不同的職位提供職位空缺廣告,該網(wǎng)站將未來技術(shù)描述為人腦和計算機之間的“超高帶”連接。譯文二：公司網(wǎng)站正招聘11個不同工種的空缺職位，并將這項未來科技描述為人腦與計算機之間的“超高帶寬”。Newmark(2001b)believedthatthefunctionoftheoriginaltextismuchimportantthantheformoftheoriginaltext.Heinsistedthatthatcommunicativetranslationonlyfocusesonthetargetreaders,andwhatthetargetreadersexpectisnottomeetdifficultiesandobscurelanguageintheirreadingprocess,buttochangeforeignelementsintothecontentthattargetreadersareabletounderstand.Thisexampleisanetworktechnologynewsrelatedtotheconnectionbetweenthehumanbrainandthecomputer.Inthefirsttranslation,“advertisingvacanciesfor11differentjobs”istranslatedto“為11個不同職位提供職位空缺廣告”,andthesecondtranslationis“招聘11個不同工種的空缺職位”.ThefirsttranslationisobviouslynotconformtotheChineselinguistichabits.Themeaningofprovidingvacanciesforpositionsisrecruitment.Thetranslationcomplicatesthesimplemeaning.Secondly,“connection”means“連接”,andsecondtranslation,“ultra-highbandwidthbetweenhumanbrainandcomputer”hasactuallyimplicitlyexpressedthemeaningofconnection.Thetranslationhasbeenrepeatedlywrittenwhichmakesthetextseemredundant.Incontrast,thesecondtranslationismoreconciseandclear,accordingwiththeChineselanguagehabits.Itmeansthatthereaders’readingexperienceismuchbetterthanthatofthefirsttranslation.Example4-2:Theteam’sobservationsstronglyvalidatedthegeneraltheoryofrelativityproposedin1915byEinstein,thefamedtheoreticalphysicist,toexplainthelawsofgravityandtheirrelationtoothernaturalforces.譯文一：研究小組的觀察有力地證實了著名的理論物理學(xué)家愛因斯坦在1915年提出的廣義相對論，以解釋萬有引力定律及其與其它自然力量的關(guān)系。譯文二：研究團(tuán)隊的觀測結(jié)果強有力地證實了著名物理學(xué)家愛因斯坦在1915年提出的廣義相對論，他以此解釋了物質(zhì)間引力的相互作用。Thispieceofnews,namedFirsteverblackholeimagereleased,whichtellsaboutblackholerelatedscientificinformation.The“thelawsofgravityandtheirrelationtoothernaturalforces”isusuallytranslatedinto“物質(zhì)間引力的相互作用”.Inthisplace,thetranslatorisrequiredtohaveangeneralunderstandingofastronomyandphysics.Moreover,theword“observation”istranslatedas“觀察”inthefirsttranslation,andtranslatedas“觀察結(jié)果”inthesecondtranslation.InChineselinguistichabits,“observation”usuallyreferstoanaction,andthelexicalcollocationheredoesnotconformtotheChineselinguistichabit.Inthesecondtranslation,“observation”istranslatedinto“觀察結(jié)果”，whosewordpropertyisnounandanounisabletofollowafterit.SuchkindoftranslationismoreinlinewithChineselinguistichabitsandtargetreaderscanreadthetextseasily.Example4-3:Thescary,wonderfulfutureofthePentagon’ssciencefair.TheDARPAshowedoffmorethan100projectsfromcybewarfaretocar-hacking.譯文一：DARPA展現(xiàn)一百多項新創(chuàng)意，從網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)到汽車黑客，五角大樓科技展描繪神奇未來。譯文二：五角大樓里的科技盛宴：從網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)到汽車黑客，百余新創(chuàng)意首度面世。DARPA,whosefulltermisDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency.However,asinthefirsttranslation,thetranslatorusedtheabbreviationdirectly,thereadermaynotunderstandthiswordbecauseChinesereadersarenotfamiliarwithDARPA.Inthissentence,thetranslatorchoosestoexplainthemeaningofthewordDARPAatthebeginningofthearticle,andinthissectionitisomitted.Itcannotbedeniedthataveryimportantpartofthetranslationofnetworktechnologynewsisthetranslationofvocabulary.Alotofprofessionalvocabularyareoftenusedinnetworktechnologynews.Thetranslationofspecializedvocabularyrequiresprofessionalandprecisionandtheuseofwordinthetranslationshouldbeclear,conciseandaccurate.Inthemeantime,undertheguidanceofcommunicativetranslationtheory,thetranslatorcanmodifythewordorderaccordingtohisownneedsandadjustthelogicalrelationshipbetweenthesentenceandthesentencetoimprovethefluencyofthetranslation.4.1.2TranslationofterminologyThetranslationofterminologyisalsoveryimportantinthetranslationofnetworktechnologynews.Manytranslatorsbelievethatiftheyhaveanunderstandingoftherelatedfield,theyareabletotranslatethosedocumentsinvolvingspecializedknowledgeandignorethestudyofterminology.“Inprinciple,atermexpressesonlyaconcept,thatis,thesameconceptisexpressedinonlyoneterm.Thetermshouldnotbereplacedbyanyotherexpressionwhenused.Ideally,theconceptandformoftermsshouldbeunitary.”(FuJing,WangYuehong,2014:48).Thismeansthatthebestwaytotranslateatermistocheckitinthebookorrelateddocuments.Manytermsoftencorrespondtoonlyonetranslation.Translatorsshouldkeepinmindthat“searching”isthebestwaytotranslatetermsandtranslationofterminologycannotrelyontranslator’sownthoughts.Thefollowingoneisaconcreteexample:Example4-4:Now,after11yearsofpromisingthisfoldablefuture,SouthKoreanelectronicscompanySamsunghasfinallydelivered.Withothercompaniesrushingtorollouttheirownflexiblephones,itseemsthatthey'vekickedoffanewarmsraceinthesmartphoneIndustry.譯文一：如今，在承諾了可折疊的未來的11年后，韓國電子公司三星終于推出其新產(chǎn)品。隨著其它公司爭相推出自己的新品手機，他們似乎在智能手機行業(yè)掀起了一場新的軍備競賽。譯文二：如今韓國電子公司三星終于讓11年前承諾過的折疊屏未來得已實現(xiàn)。隨著其它公司也相繼火速推出各自的折疊屏手機，智能手機行業(yè)的新競賽已經(jīng)打響。

“Foldable”means“可折疊的”.Thefirsttranslationexpressesitsmeaningdirectly,whichtranslates“foldablefuture”into“可折疊的未來”,and“flexiblephones”doesnotexplainthemeaningindetail.SuchatranslationhasnoprobleminEnglishgrammar.However,receptorsofthetranslationwillbeconfusedaboutit.“Foldablesmartphone”canbereferredtoasa“折疊屏手機”aftersearchingrelateddocuments.Incontrast,thesecondreadingofthetranslationismorefluentandsmooth.

Thenetworkmediareflectsthechanginglifeofpeople.Innetworktechnologynews,thenewwordsarethemicrocosmoftheeraandsocialprogressinourlifetosomeextent.TheseemergingnewwordsarefirstlyusedinEnglishnewsreportandspreadthroughnetworkmediatoachieveaconsiderabledegreeofuniversality.Thusforthesespecializenewwords,weneedtofindoutthemeaningfromrelevantrecordsofprofessionalliterature,officialmeetingsoracademicconferences.Translatingpropernounsandtermsappearinginnetworktechnologynews,translatorsneedtoreadrelevantbooksandutilizeresourcesonInternetinadvance.Whetherthetranslationhasreachedthefunctionoftheoriginaltextisthefocusofcommunicativetranslationtheory.Translatorsmustensurethattheinformationisaccuratewhentranslatingnetworktechnologynewstextinordertoachievethebestcommunicationeffect.4.2Translationonsyntacticlevel4.2.1TranslationofpassivevoiceThenetworktechnologynewsisakindofpreciseandscientifictext.AccordingtoNewmark(2001b)’scommunicativetranslationtheory,networktechnologynewsbelongstoinformativetext.Theinformativetextistryingtopresentfacts,anditcoverstheknowledgeofscienceandtechnology,business,industry,economy,mediaandreports.Theinformationthatnetworktechnologynewstriestospreadisobjectiveandscientific.“ThefrequencyofuseofEnglishpassivesentencesiscloselyrelatedtotheliteraryformofthetext.Passivevoiceisalwaysassociatedwithnon-subjectivestyle.”(FangMengzhi,1998:101).Therefore,itisverycommontoseepassivevoiceinnetworktechnologynews.Example4-5:AndonMarch29,anotherhistorywasabouttobemadewhenanall-femaleteam—AnneMcClainandChristinaKoch—wasscheduledtomakean“all-womenspacewalk”sinceallpreviousspacewalksweredonewithatleastonemaleAstronaut.譯文：而今年的3月29日即將創(chuàng)下另一項歷史：一支由女性組成的隊伍—安妮麥克林與克里斯蒂娜科克—計劃進(jìn)行一次“全女性太空行走”，此前，所有的太空行走都在至少一名男性宇航員的參與下完成。Inexample5,thepassivestructure“anotherhistorywasabouttobemade”wasliterallytranslateda