2022-2023學(xué)年北京順義區(qū)一中高二(上)期中英語(yǔ)試卷及答案

2022北京順義一中高二（上）期中英語(yǔ)Ⅰ卷第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）MolaigrewatinyvillageinIndia.villagewaslocatednearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecondhome.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____1____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____2____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandcausedgreat____3____,whichhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____4____,thenumberofsnakeshaddecreasedaswell.He____5____thatitwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.Thesolution,ofcourse,wasplanttreestheanimalscouldseek____6____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtheforestdepartmenthelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.Molaiwentlookingonhisownand____7____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.youngplantsindryseasonwas____8____foraloneMolaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼樹(shù))abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto____9____Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)onplantsMolai_____10_____planttreesthenext37years.Hishaveresulted1,360acres(英畝)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.1.A.nature2.A.valuable3.A.wasteB.youthC.cultureC.worryingC.painD.knowledgeD.embarrassedD.damageB.interestingB.tensionB.HoweverB.realizedB.partnersB.discoveredB.illegal4.A.Besides5.A.agreed6.A.directions7.A.rebuilt8.A.toughC.ThereforeC.rememberedC.helpD.OtherwiseD.predictedD.shelterC.leftD.managedD.beneficialD.collectC.fantasticC.heat9.A.prevent10.A.returnedB.reduceB.learnedC.continuedD.failed第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）(A)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Foraherder放牧人)inAfrica,thehardestpartofthejobissearchingforcattle(lose)inthebush.ButforaherderatafarminZimbabwe,aproblem.Oncehe____12____(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisbecauseanordinarymemberoftheherd.aInhotcattlerestintheshadeunderhisbecauseofhis____13____(high),canspotlionslongbeforetheycomeclose____14____theherd.(B)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ihadneverfeltanearthquakeuntillastweek.Therewasasmallearthquake____15____couldhardlyevenbecalledearthquake.Iwasnotreally____16____(frighten).theearthmovelikethatjuststrange.Ofcourse,itlastedonlyafewseconds.Ihavespokenthelocalpeoplesincetheeventandtherewerenoinjuriesordamagedonebyit.Butifithadbeenarealearthquake,IthinkIwouldhavefeltquite____17____(different).(C)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Inancienttimes,peopleheldnaturein(敬畏).Forexample,theAmericanIndians____18____(believe),“Humansareapartofnatureandnatureapartofhumans”.ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledge,peopletrytochangenature.Theyusemoreland____19____(make)buildingsandcapturesomewildanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess,humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowofbalance.Pleaseremember:Natureisnottheplacetovisit.____20____(we)home.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共16小題，每小題2分，共32分）閱讀下面短文，從各題、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ANewJerseyBotanicalGardenMembershipeasyjoinNewJerseyBotanicalGarden(NJBG)Membershiprenewyourmembershiponline,byphoneorbymail.importanttoBotanicalGarden!membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational(娛樂(lè)的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.Thankyouforyoursupport!joinorpleaseclickontheappropriatesectionandmembershipcategorybelowforsafeandconvenientonlinepaymentprocessingbyPayPal.Ifyoupreferjoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatfile).★JoinNJBGMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$35Dual(兩人共用)Student$25$60Special:Save$5with$60$100$40BiennialDues(兩年會(huì)費(fèi))★RenewMembershipMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$30Dual$50Student$25Special:Save$5with$50$80$40BiennialDuesTheBotanicalGardenstartedlifeasSkylands,aareainthegrandItisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.Skylandshas96acresofformalandnaturalizedgardensandissurroundedbyover1,000acresofmeadows(草坪)andwoodlands.PurchasedbyStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,gardenscontainapproximately5,000speciesandvarietiesoftreesandflowers.Foryou,theNJBGisanexcitingandbeautifulplacetovisitwhereyoumayenjoyeachbest.Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners.NJBGmembershipyoudiscountsparticipatingnurseries,gardencentersandotherfinebusinesses.SimplypresentyourNJBGmembershipcardwhenbeginningyourpurchase:·BrookFarmandGarden(201)652-754010%yourpurchase·MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-761312%yourpurchase·Rohsler’sAllendaleNursery&Florist,(201)327-315615%yourpurchase21.TheNJBGmembershipdollarscanbeusedto___________.A.furthereducationC.providebetterserviceB.updateonlinepaymentD.protecttheenvironment22.joinNJBGmembership,youcancallits___________.A.(201)327-3156C.(973)962-9534B.(201)652-7540D.(973)638-761323.renewone-yearmembershipyourparents,youneedpay___________.A.$50B.$60C.$80D.$10024.NewJerseyBotanicalGarden___________.A.wasofficiallynamedin1966B.wasdesignedbyJohnRussellPopeC.invitesmemberstoactivitiesD.givesmembersdiscountsfortheirpurchaseBJohnOtwayJohnOtwayhasbeenplayingmusicandmakingrecordsintheUKformorethan40years.Overtheyearshehasreleasedmorethantenalbums.Hehasplayedhundredsofconcerts.Hehaswrittentwoautobiographies.Hehasworkedwithsomeofthebestmusiciansandhehasevenmadeafilmabouthislife.Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.Otwayreleasedhisfirstrecordin1972,butitwasthePunkMovementafewyearslaterthatreallygavehimhisbigchance.Otwaythegreatestmusicianbuthissongswerealwaysfun,andhisperformancesonstagewerealwaysentertaining-therewasagoodchancehewouldfallthestageleastonceThepunkslikedhim,and1977hehadasmallhitwhenhissingleReallyFreemadeitto27intheUKtop40charts.Otwayreallyenjoyedhissuccessbutnomorecame.Notoneofhisrecordsoverthenext30yearswasaAlthoughheneverhadmuchcommercialsuccess,Otwayhadalotofveryloyalfans.Whensomeoneaskedhimwhathewouldlikeforhis50thhisreply“Asecondhit.”HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.AndinOctober2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.InachartthatfeaturedinternationalsuperstarslikePink,andOasis,BunsenBurnerittoNo.9.Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedtoselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.Otwaycare.HecelebratedhissuccesswithanappearanceonbiggestmusicshowofthePops.ThesedaysJohnOtwaycontinuestoplayhismusicaroundtheandtherearealwaysplentyofpeoplewhoarehappygoandwatchhimperform.agreatexampleanyonelovesmakingmusic.havebeyoung,good-looking(orevenverytalented)toenjoyalongcareerinthemusicbusiness.25.Fromparagraph1,weknowthat________.A.JohnOtwayhasreleasedhundredsofalbumsB.JohnOtwayneverworkedwithbestmusiciansC.JohnOtwayhaswrittenhundredsofautobiographiesD.JohnOtwayisnotwell-knownintheasamusician26.JohnOtwaysawhiswishcometruewhenhereleased________.A.ReallyFreeB.BunsenBurnerD.hisfirstrecordC.ofthePops27.WhyweresomestreetshopsunwillingtosellhissingleBunsenBurner?A.Theythoughtitwasterrible.B.Itaverybighit.C.JohnOtwaywantthemhaveD.Theythoughtteenagerswouldnotliketobuyit.28.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Musicianshavetobeyoungandattractive.B.Successimportantinourlife.C.shouldbedeterminedtodowhatwelove.D.MusiciansdomuchbetterastheygetCGarbagecansarenotmagicalopenings.Garbagedoesdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.theaverageAmericanthrowsawayabout1,600poundsofwasteeachIftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.Let'stakeaquicklookateach.Recyclingisprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.example,usedpapercanbeturnedintopaperboard,whichcanbeusedtomakebookcovers.Recyclingcanreducepollution,savematerials,andloweruse.somethatrecyclingwastesTheybelievethatcollecting,processing,andconvertingwasteusesmorethanitsaves.Still,mostpeopleagreethatrecyclingisbetterfortheplanetthanlandfilling.Landfillingistheoldestmethodofmanagingwaste.simplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.Overtimethepracticeoflandfillingadvanced.Garbageissqueezed(擠壓)togetherbeforeitisthrownintothehole.Inthiswaymoregarbagecanfiteachlandfill.linersareplacedinthebottomoflandfillssothatpoisonousgarbageliquiddoesn'tgetintothegroundtheselinersdon'talwayswork.LandfillsmaypollutethelocalwaterNottomentionthatallofthatgarbagesmellshorrible.Nobodywantstolivenextalandfill.Thismakesithardtofindnewlocationsforlandfills.Becauseofallthenegativeattentionthatlandfillinghasreceived,interestincompostinghasgrown.Compostingiswhenpeoplepileupsuchasfoodwaste,andallowitdecompose.Theproductofthisdecompositioniscompost.Compostcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakethesoilricherandbetterforgrowingcrops.Onethingthatiseasierdoisburninggarbage.Theretwomainwaystoincineratewaste.firstistocreateorharvestafuelfromthewaste,suchasmethanegas(沼氣),burnthefuel.secondistoburnthewasteTheheatfromtheincinerationprocesscanboilwhichcanpowersteamgenerators.burninggarbagepollutestheAlso,criticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.thecommunitywhichyoulivemanageswaste.Onceyouputyourgarbageinthatcan,whathappensbeyondyourcontrol.Butyoucanmakechoiceswhileitisstillinyourhands.canchooserecycle,youcanchoosetocompost,oryoucanchooseletsomeoneelsedealwithit.Thechoiceisyours.29.Whydoestheauthormentionmagicalgarbagefairiesinthefirstparagraph?A.creativelysupporthisargumentwithevidence.B.pointthatgarbagedoesn'tdisappearitself.C.makethelanguageattractivepleasereaders.D.drawattentiontokindsofgarbagethrown30.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Somethinkrecyclingisawasteoftime.B.Incinerationmaydestroyrecyclableresources.C.Findingnewlocationsisthefocusoflandfilling.D.Thepurposeofacompostpileistomakesoilrich.31.Accordingtothepassage,landfilling_____________________.A.involvesburyinggarbageinaholeC.squeezesgarbagetogetherB.reducesthehorriblesmellsD.protectsgroundwater32.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magic:BringingBackWhatOnceLostB.Dealwiththegarbage:WhichisBestforC.MethodsofManagement:AdvantagesandDisadvantagesD.DoPart:HowtoSavetheEarthbyRecyclingCompostingDAnewstudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesprovidesameasureofhowfar“deepfake”technologyprogressed.Theresultssuggestthatrealhumanscaneasilyfallformachine-generatedfaces.foundthatAI-generatedfacesarehighlyrealistic,”saysstudyco-authorHanyFarid,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”Thesynthetic(合成的)facesforthisstudyweredevelopedinback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.Theothernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.Thegeneratorbegantheexercisewithrandompixels(像素).feedbackfromtheitgraduallyproducedrealistichumanlikefaces.thediscriminatorwasunabletotellarealfacefromafakeone.Aftercollecting400realfacesmatched400syntheticversions,theresearchersasked315peopletoseparaterealfromfakeamongaselectionof128oftheimages.Anothergroupof219participantsgottrainingandfeedbackabouthowtospotfakesastheytriedtoseparatethefaces.Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointosstellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.Theresearcherswerenotexpectingtheseresults.findingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasures(對(duì)策)todeepfakes.Theresearchersendwithastraightforwardconclusionafteremphasizingthatmisleadingusesofdeepfakeswillcontinuetoposeathreat:therefore,encouragethosedevelopingthesetechnologiestoconsiderwhethertheassociatedrisksaregreaterthantheirbenefits.Ifso,thenwediscouragethedevelopmentoftechnologysimplybecauseitispossible.”33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheexamplesofdeepfakeB.differencesbetweenthetwonetworks.C.tellarealfacefromafakeone.D.Theprocessofproducingthesyntheticfaces.34.advantageofdeepfakehumansmay_______.A.createrealfacesB.spotfakeimagesC.commitvariouscrimesD.makedetectivetools35.Accordingtothepassage,thefindingsofthestudy_______.A.mightinspirescientistsdevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakesB.provedtrainingcouldhelpparticipantstotellrealfromfakegreatlyC.matchedtheresearchers’expectationsofabilitytospotfakesD.showedhumanscouldeasilybemisguidedbymachine-generatedfaces36.Howdoresearchersfeelaboutdeepfaketechnology?A.Excited.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.D.Confused.第二節(jié)4小題，每小題2分，滿分8分）閱讀下面短文和問(wèn)題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和每小題后的具體要求，完成對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答。Everyyearmoreofustryandreduceourimpactontheplanet.Arefillshop,orzerowasteshop,givesyouachoicetogogreen.Refillshopsbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.Mostofthetimetheywillbedryoneslikericeandnutsproduceddirectlyinthelocalsites,whichmeanslesscarbonfootprintfromfarmplate.Theycanalsobemanyothersustainable(可持續(xù)的)products,likerefillcleaningproductsandsoaps.Shoppersonlyneedbringcontainerstheyalreadyownandrefillthemfromcontainersinthestore.Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyourIfyou’rewalkingdownthestreetyourlocalrefillshop,thenyou’redoinggreatbutifyou’redrivinghoursawaytofindyourclosestshop,thenthetransportmaycanceloutanybenefitsofwhatyouthewholeprocessnotjusttheendproduct.Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer()habits.Theymakeuspauseandthinkabouthowwecanmakepositivechangestheenvironment.Ifyoucanshoplocalandindependentrefillshops,thenyoushould.Ithavebeallthetimebutminimizingwasteandchoosingrefillswhereyoucanmakeapositivedifference.37.Whatarerefillshops?(不超過(guò)12詞)________________________________________________________________________________38.Whatisthemostimportantvalueofrefillshopping?(不超過(guò)20)________________________________________________________________________________39.Whyarerefillshopsbuiltincommunitieswithinwalkingdistance?(不超過(guò)7個(gè)單詞)________________________________________________________________________________40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(3個(gè)單詞)________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ卷第三部分詞匯運(yùn)用（共10分）（一）根據(jù)句意及所給的竹字母及中文提示，寫(xiě)出該單詞的正確形式，并將完整單詞寫(xiě)在答1分，共6分）41.Environmentexpertsthinkr__________(回收)plasticbagsisreallyimportanttoallofus.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))42.Somethinggavemethestrengthtoo__________()the(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))43.Heisrude.Suchana__________態(tài)度)isunacceptablemostteachers.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))44.Ihadalreadytakenstepstospeedupas__________(解決辦法)totheproblem.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))45.Anyactorwilltellyouthatitiseasiertop__________(表演)thanbethemselves.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))46.Theywouldrathers__________(奮斗)forpeace.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))1分，共4分）選詞填空taketakeaction,takepartin,makedreamcometrue,comeupwith47.I’ll__________theimportantactivityandIamsureIwilllearnalotfromit.48.needmoretimehowthingsdevelopbefore__________.49.wecan__________ourownideasandlearnmorethroughdiscussion.aresupposedto__________yourowngrowth.第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（20分）51.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二（1）班學(xué)生李華，你校將在下周五舉辦“校園環(huán)保日”（CampusGreenLivingDayJim寫(xiě)封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加你所選擇的活動(dòng)。郵件的內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹你選擇的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；2.說(shuō)明參加該活動(dòng)的理由；3.詢問(wèn)是否愿意參加該活動(dòng)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案Ⅰ卷第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.D10.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。Molai在印度的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大。16歲的時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水導(dǎo)致他的家園遭受巨大損失。樹(shù)木的缺乏導(dǎo)致這些動(dòng)物失去了遮蔽物，很多鳥(niǎo)兒離開(kāi)，蛇類(lèi)數(shù)量減少。Molai決定改變這一切，他經(jīng)過(guò)努力，在附近找到了一個(gè)小島，開(kāi)始種樹(shù)。在多年的時(shí)間里，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就在那里了解到了大自然的價(jià)值和美麗。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年輕；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，濕地展現(xiàn)了“大自然”的價(jià)值和美。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：16歲時(shí)，Molai開(kāi)始注意到他的家周?chē)l(fā)生了一些令人擔(dān)心的事情。A.valuable珍貴的；B.interesting有趣的；C.worrying令人擔(dān)心的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)該段后半部分可知，洪水侵襲，很多鳥(niǎo)兒離開(kāi)，蛇的數(shù)量減少。這些情況都不正常，令人擔(dān)心。故選?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那年早些時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，洪水造成的損害趕走了很多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。A.waste廢物；B.tension緊張；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage損害，傷害。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，洪水侵襲這個(gè)地區(qū)，它會(huì)“損害”莊稼、樹(shù)木，這些都會(huì)導(dǎo)致鳥(niǎo)兒們離開(kāi)。故選D?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，蛇的數(shù)量也減少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)“aswell”可知，洪水不僅導(dǎo)致很多鳥(niǎo)兒離開(kāi)，而且，它還導(dǎo)致蛇的數(shù)量減少。故選A。【5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)來(lái)保護(hù)它們免受炎熱的影響。A.agreed同意；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.remembered記住，記起；D.predicted預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)后文“thatwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.”可知，Molai意識(shí)到鳥(niǎo)兒離開(kāi)、蛇類(lèi)減少是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)木。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，解決的辦法是種樹(shù)，這樣動(dòng)物們就可以在白天尋找棲身之處。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help幫助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇護(hù)，遮蔽物。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，樹(shù)木可以給動(dòng)物們提供“遮蔽”。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Molai自己去看了看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了附近的一個(gè)島嶼，他開(kāi)始在那里種樹(shù)。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開(kāi)；D.managed設(shè)法做成。根據(jù)前面的“l(fā)ookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下來(lái)就應(yīng)該是他“發(fā)現(xiàn)”了一個(gè)小島。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.tough困難的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic極好的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)該段后半部分的敘述可知，Molai想盡辦法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，給幼苗澆水很“難”。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Molai在每棵樹(shù)苗的頂端都搭建了一個(gè)竹子平臺(tái)，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來(lái)收集雨水。A.prevent阻止；B.reduce減少；C.heat加熱；D.collect收集。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，陶罐是用來(lái)盛水的。由此可知，他將陶罐放到竹子平臺(tái)上“收集”雨水。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的37年里，Molai繼續(xù)種樹(shù)。A.returned返回；learned學(xué)會(huì)；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)后文“Hishaveresultedin1,360acres(英畝)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.”可知，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。由此推知，在接下來(lái)的37年里，他會(huì)“繼續(xù)”種樹(shù)。故選C。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）【答案】lost12.spots13.height14.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，在非洲的津巴布韋，一頭長(zhǎng)頸鹿與牛群生活在一起，同吃同住，相處得非常和諧?！绢}詳解】考查形容詞。句意：對(duì)于非洲的牧民來(lái)說(shuō)，工作中最困難的部分是尋找迷失在叢林中的牛群。由“Oncehe___2__(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisnearby”可知，此處表示“工作中最困難的部分是尋找迷失在叢林中的牛群”，空格處意為“迷失的”，用形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾cattle，“迷失的”的形容詞是lost，故填lost。【12題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)，它就知道其他牛群就在附近。由knows可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)he是單數(shù)，因此空格處用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故填spots?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：由于它的身高，可以在獅子接近牛群之前就發(fā)現(xiàn)它們。his后用名詞作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，high的名詞是height，意為“身高”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填height?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于它的身高，可以在獅子接近牛群之前就發(fā)現(xiàn)它們。comeclose是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“接近”，因此空格處是介詞to，故填to。【答案】15.that##which16.frightened17.differently【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在上周經(jīng)歷了一次小地震之后的感想?！?5題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)小地震，幾乎不能稱(chēng)之為地震。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以此處使用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞asmallearthquake指的是物，所以此處使用thatwhichthat/which?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我并不是真的害怕。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作表語(yǔ)，frighten的形容詞為frightening意為“令人害怕的”和frightened意為“感到害怕的”，結(jié)和句意可知，此處表示的是“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但如果這是一場(chǎng)真正的地震，我想我會(huì)有完全不同的感覺(jué)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為副詞作狀語(yǔ)，different的副詞為differently意為“不同地”符合句意。故填differently?！敬鸢浮?8.believed19.tomake20.our【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了人與自然應(yīng)該和諧相處?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：例如，美洲印第安人認(rèn)為，“人類(lèi)是自然的一部分，自然也是人類(lèi)的一部分”。根據(jù)文章時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inancienttimes可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填believed?！?9題詳解】考查不定式。句意：他們用更多的土地建造建筑物，捕獲一些野生動(dòng)物以滿足自己的需要。usesth.todosth.用某物做某事。故填make?！?0題詳解】考查代詞。句意：它是我們的家園。名詞home前用形容詞性物主代。故填our。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共16小題，每小題2分，共32分）【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D【分析】本文是一則廣告，文章介紹了辦理NJBG會(huì)員的費(fèi)用、程序、聯(lián)系方式和好處?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational娛樂(lè)的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.可知，你的會(huì)員美元有助于改善花園，并為公眾提供教育和娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。由此可知，NJBG會(huì)員美元可以用來(lái)提供更好的服務(wù)。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Ifyouprefertojoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfile).可知，如果您想通過(guò)電話或郵件加入，請(qǐng)致電NJBG辦公室(973)962-9534或下載并發(fā)送我們的會(huì)員手冊(cè)（AdobeAcrobatPDFC項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RenewMembershipAnnualDues一欄對(duì)應(yīng)的Dual數(shù)值是$50可知，為父母續(xù)簽一年的會(huì)員資格需要花費(fèi)$50。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新澤西植物園在會(huì)員購(gòu)買(mǎi)時(shí)能夠打折。故D項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇廣告，介紹了辦理NJBG會(huì)員的費(fèi)用、程序、聯(lián)系方式和好處。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫(xiě)作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題4根據(jù)PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,可知，新澤西植物園被官方命名的時(shí)間是1984A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Itisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.JohnRussellPope設(shè)計(jì)的是Revivalgranitemansion不是新澤西植物園，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners可知，會(huì)員們可以在新澤西植物園參加活動(dòng)，而不是組織活動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新澤西植物園在會(huì)員購(gòu)買(mǎi)時(shí)能夠打折，故D項(xiàng)正確。【答案】25.D26.B27.D28.C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了英國(guó)音樂(lè)家JohnOtway雖然在英國(guó)演奏音樂(lè)和制作唱片超過(guò)40年，但是毫無(wú)名氣。文章說(shuō)明了JohnOtway從事音樂(lè)家以來(lái)的事跡，雖然JohnOtway沒(méi)有名氣但是他忠于自己喜愛(ài)的事業(yè)沒(méi)有放棄?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.可知盡管如此，大多數(shù)人從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。由此可知，JohnOtway在英國(guó)作為音樂(lè)家并不出名。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.October2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.可知他的粉絲們出去買(mǎi)了盡可能多的BunsenBurner專(zhuān)輯。2002年10月，Otway的愿望終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。由此可知，當(dāng)JohnOtwayBunsenBurner專(zhuān)輯后，他的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。故選B?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.可知許多商業(yè)街的商店拒絕出售這張唱片，說(shuō)奧特威唱片太老了，對(duì)青少年市場(chǎng)沒(méi)有吸引力。由此可知，一些街頭商店不愿意賣(mài)他的BunsenBurner專(zhuān)輯，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為青少年不會(huì)愿意買(mǎi)。故選D?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容主要講述了英國(guó)音樂(lè)家JohnOtway雖然在英國(guó)演奏音樂(lè)和制作唱片超過(guò)40年，但是毫無(wú)名氣。文章說(shuō)明了JohnOtway從事音樂(lè)家以來(lái)的事跡，雖然JohnOtway沒(méi)有名氣但是他忠于自己喜愛(ài)的事業(yè)沒(méi)有放棄?？芍纱丝赏浦?，從這篇文章中我們能了解到，我們應(yīng)該下定決心去做我們喜歡做的事。故選C?！敬鸢浮?9.B30.B31.A32.C【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了垃圾處理的四種方法及其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Iftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Garbagedoesnotdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.（如果沒(méi)有魔法垃圾仙子，它們都去哪了?你把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶它是不會(huì)消失的）”可推斷，作者提出魔法垃圾仙子為了指出垃圾不會(huì)自己消失，從而引出下文垃圾的四種處理方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Also,somecriticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.值的可回收資源。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Initssimplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.（最簡(jiǎn)單A項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.（有四種處理廢物的方法：回收、填埋、堆肥圾處理的四種方法及其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。C項(xiàng)“處理垃圾的方法：優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”課作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?3.D34.C35.D36.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院(NationalAcademyofSciences)發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究為“深度造假”技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供了一個(gè)衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。研究結(jié)果表明，真實(shí)的人類(lèi)很容易被機(jī)器生成的面孔所迷惑。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thesyntheticfacesthisstudyweredevelopedback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.othernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.(該研究的合成人臉是在兩個(gè)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的來(lái)回交互中開(kāi)發(fā)的。其中一個(gè)被稱(chēng)為“生成器”的網(wǎng)絡(luò)產(chǎn)生了一系列不斷進(jìn)化的合成面孔，就像一個(gè)學(xué)生逐步完成草稿一樣。另一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)被稱(chēng)為鑒別器，它以真實(shí)的圖像為訓(xùn)練對(duì)象，然后通過(guò)與真實(shí)面孔的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較，對(duì)生成的輸出進(jìn)行分級(jí))”可知，第二段主要講的是合成人臉的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”(這一結(jié)果引發(fā)了人們的擔(dān)憂，即“這些人臉在用于犯罪目的時(shí)可能非常有效?！?”可知，利用深度造假技術(shù)，人類(lèi)可能犯下各種罪行，故選?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointossattellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedtoshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.(第一組在辨別真假面孔方面的表現(xiàn)并不比扔硬幣好，平均準(zhǔn)確率為48.2%。第二組沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出顯著的改善，只有大約59%的準(zhǔn)確率，即使是獲得了關(guān)于參與者的選擇的反饋)”可知，根據(jù)文章，這項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明人類(lèi)很容易被機(jī)器生成的面孔誤導(dǎo)，故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Thefindingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakes.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)增加了人們對(duì)技術(shù)可用性的擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)閹缀跞魏稳硕加锌赡苤圃斐鼍哂姓`導(dǎo)性的靜止圖像。另一個(gè)擔(dān)憂是，這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)給人留下這樣的印象，即深度造假將完全無(wú)法被探測(cè)到，因此，科學(xué)家可能會(huì)放棄嘗試開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)對(duì)深度造假的對(duì)策)”可知，研究人員對(duì)深度造假技術(shù)的態(tài)度是擔(dān)心的，故選B。第二節(jié)4小題，每小題2分，滿分8分）【答案】37.Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.38.Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatencouragesustothinkaboutourconsumerhabits.39.Becausethey’remoresustainableandenvironmentally-friendly.40.Arefillshop/Zerowasteshop.【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是零浪費(fèi)店為環(huán)保所做出的努力和貢獻(xiàn)。【37題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Refillshopstendbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.(零浪費(fèi)店往往是小型的，獨(dú)立的商店，出售非包裝商品。)”可知，零浪費(fèi)店是出售非包裝商品的小型獨(dú)立商店。故答案是Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.【38題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer(消費(fèi))habits.(也許在當(dāng)?shù)氐牧憷速M(fèi)店購(gòu)物最重要的一點(diǎn)是，它們鼓勵(lì)我們思考我們的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣。)”可知，零浪費(fèi)店最重要的價(jià)值在于它鼓勵(lì)人們?nèi)ニ伎枷M(fèi)習(xí)慣。故答案是Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatitencouragesusthinkaboutourconsumerhabits.【39題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyour零浪費(fèi)商店通常位于社區(qū)。顯然，在步行距離內(nèi)購(gòu)買(mǎi)更可持續(xù)發(fā)展，對(duì)地球和你的社區(qū)更友好。)”可知，零浪費(fèi)店經(jīng)常健在社區(qū)，使得就可以步行去購(gòu)物，這樣對(duì)地球和社區(qū)更友好，由此可知，零浪費(fèi)店建在步行可達(dá)的社區(qū)是因?yàn)樗麄兏沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展和環(huán)保。故答案是Becausethey’remoresus