gre復(fù)習(xí)寫作模板

-------byStephanie一．背景介 萬能123的誕我考前一天把我自己的模板背了又背了一遍，考的那篇文章我雖沒寫過，但是我在issueargument1123找茬寫在草稿紙上，題目出來后僅僅花---123言文字）及開頭結(jié)尾給重要①攻擊論 ②攻擊論證過 出結(jié)論B，要攻擊的話只需要套用模版并舉出反例）+necessit（③攻擊結(jié)論 可只攻擊negativeeffect或沒有necessity）（1如1。樣本太小不具代表性2。樣本特殊不具代表性112。樣本的3四．這也是個萬能，原因有二：1。它包羅萬象，有推理一定有錯誤！其中有幾個常見的例子：現(xiàn)在（過去）見的可以準(zhǔn)備幾個自己的模版，只要你高興盡情準(zhǔn)備吧。2。其實說白了②這一大項里全都可以看作②四（錯誤推理，只不過有些最常見的（比如以小推大和錯誤類比被拉出來自立門戶了。所以對于那些不常見的只要套用你自己perfec。③一。二。都是用來攻擊結(jié)論的萬能攻擊。記住，它們是萬能的，建議性的文章在一，關(guān)于反例：反例很重要但不是最重要，它是起錦上添花的作用的。每個攻擊點處寫最少一個，最好2~3個反例。但是記住找到攻擊點后再寫反例，不要盲目的為了寫反例而寫（那個作文講師就是為了反例而反例，我的新東方聽課筆記上抄全是反例，沒個像樣的）③對于建議性文章有且只能選擇一個攻擊點（沒有先后次一.Intheargument,the…(主題對象)recommendsthat…(對結(jié)論做論述，基本上可以抄原文，用另外一種方式表達即可).Tosupportthisrecommendationthehowever…Thisargumentislogicallyflawedinseveralcriticalrespects(說明這二.Tobeginwith,theargumentdependsontheassumptionthat(闡述說出了一個沒有根據(jù)的申明，并說出文中的原因)—ratherthanforsomeotherreasons.Yetitisentirelypossiblethat…說明這種猜測可能的原因)orsomeotherfactor.Withoutrulingoutallotherreasonswhy…(重述這個申明)…(說出反方向的結(jié)提到了樣本，但是數(shù)據(jù)不具有代表性（數(shù)據(jù)不夠Firstly,theauthorprovidesnoevidencethatthesurveyisstatisticallyreliable.Perhapsthesurvey’ssampleisnotsufficientinsizeorrepresentativeofthequalityof…(說明對象的數(shù)量Forthatmatter,thissurveyisnotstrongenoughtoestablishcausationbetween在這里列出原因和結(jié)果，做比較However,theotherreasonsofthesurveywhich敘述其他原因下的情況).Asaresult,withouttheevidencethatthesurveyisstatisticallyreliabletheauthorcannotjustifiablydrawanyconclusionbyrelyingonthissurvey.Thirdly,theargumentassumesthat…(闡述文中的猜測)However,theletterprovidesnoevidencetosubstantiatethisassumption.Infact,thelettersuggeststhatthismightbethecaseByadmittingthat…,theletterimpliesthat…說明影響他們happy的因素還有其他的方面，不光是研究中所列舉三.Tobeginwith,…陳述某個數(shù)據(jù))maynotareliabledateofthatratewouldbenow(和現(xiàn)在相比較是不可信的).Perhapsthe…(反例),Forthatmatter,perhaps…(說出反例的情況下會導(dǎo)致何種結(jié)果).Inshort,withoutrulingoutotherpossiblereasonsfor…(假設(shè)說出針對反例應(yīng)該怎么做)thememo’sauthorcannotconvincemeonthebasisof…(說出應(yīng)該有的結(jié)論)Evenif…(讓步，即使某個條件成立)theargumentunfairlyassumesthat…(說明錯誤的類比的情況).Itisentirelypossiblethatthe…(比較對象)owndifferentsituations.Perhaps…(具體說出反例)Withoutaccountingforsuchdifferencesbetweenthetwoplacesisunreliable.Evenif…(讓步，即使某個條件成立)theargumentreliedonthefutureassumptionthat…(說出要讓步的是事實).Yettheonlyevidencetheargumentoffertosubstantiatethisassumption(說出文中的根據(jù)).Perhaps…(說出有可能出現(xiàn)的其他情況導(dǎo)致這個事實)ifso,(說出不一樣的結(jié)果，與上面事實相矛盾).Or…(其他的情況)Inshort,withoutmoreinformationabout…(對上面的可能情況總結(jié))wereestablisheditisimpossibletoassess…(回到上面的結(jié)論).四.Finally,theargumentfailstoconsider…(有更好的辦法實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)).Perhapsby…(辦法一),orby(辦法二),(對目標(biāo)進行展望)Inshort,withoutweighingthesuggestionagainstalternatives,itisunconvincingthat(說明提供的方案不好).Finally,evenifthefamiliessupporttobuildthenewseafoodrestaurant,therestaurantwouldnotnecessarilybeprofitableasaresult.Profitabilityisafunctionofbothrevenueandexpense.Thus,itisquitepossiblethattherestaurant’scostsofobtaininghigh-qualityandhealthyseafoodorofnewpromotingrestaurantmightrenderitunprofitabledespiteitspopularity.Withoutweighingrevenueagainstexpensestheargument’sconclusionisprematureatbest.Thememoalsomakestwohastyassumptionsabout…(說明兩個猜想相關(guān)的內(nèi)容).Onesuchassumptionisthat…(第一個猜想的情況說明).Itisentirelypossiblethat…(反例).Anotherassumptionisthat(另外一個錯誤的猜想)Commonsenseinformsmethat(反例)Furthermore,thedifferenceinthetwofirms’overallplacementtimelastyeardoesnotnecessarilyindicatethatDelanywouldbethebetterchoicetoserveXYZ’slaid-offemployees.Theseemployeesmighthaveparticularskillsorneedsthatarenotrepresentativeofthetwofirm’sclientsingeneral.Besides,oneyear’splacementstatisticshardlysufficienttodrawanyfirm五.Insum,theargumentseemslogical,butisbasedonnothingmorethanpurespeculationandperhapswis