新托福寫作的1180個必備單詞

Education作業(yè)（注意它是可數(shù)名詞，與homework不同）n.assignment選修課n.elective學(xué)分n.credit青少年n.adolescent；青春期的adj.adolescent青少年childrenandyouth教學(xué)法teaching/pedagogicalmethodology適應(yīng)adapttosth./adjustoneselftosth./becomeaccustomedtosth.適應(yīng)能力n.adaptability應(yīng)用v.apply把學(xué)生分開教育segregatestudents團(tuán)隊(duì)精神teamspirit獨(dú)立思考thinkindependently在理解的基礎(chǔ)上學(xué)習(xí)learnthingsthroughunderstanding學(xué)生的反饋students’feedback學(xué)生評價老師的教學(xué)studentsappraise/evaluatetheirteachers’performance通才n.generalist專才n.specialist全面發(fā)展的adj.well-rounded為社會健康發(fā)展做貢獻(xiàn)contributetosocietalwell-being(orwelfare)人文學(xué)科n.humanities社會科學(xué)socialsciences藝術(shù)n.arts文科總稱n.liberalstudies/arts理科n.sciences工科n.engineering基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)basicsciences應(yīng)用科學(xué)appliedsciences學(xué)科（通稱）；紀(jì)律n.discipline管教vt.discipline自制力n.self-discipline?。ㄖ?、大）學(xué)教育primary-level(orsecondary-level/tertiary-level)education職業(yè)教育vocationaleducation/training互動vt.interact學(xué)校給學(xué)生的教育n.schooling學(xué)校提供的課程總稱n.curriculum(pl.curricula)心理的adj.psychological參與n.participation≈involvement干擾n.distraction記憶vt.memorize獲取vt.acquire以教師為中心的adj.teacher-centered以學(xué)生為中心的adj.student-centered熟練掌握……beproficientin榜樣rolemodel同齡人n.peer對孩子或者其他弱者過度保護(hù)adj.overprotective動力n.motivation沮喪n.frustration家長給小孩的教育n.parenting用批判的眼光去看問題的能力criticalthinkingabilities（某方面的）意識n.awareness(of)有創(chuàng)造力的adj.creative/original對……非常熟悉adj.well-acquainted(with)表現(xiàn)出色performwell為……打好基礎(chǔ)layasolidfoundationfor自尊n.self-esteem尊嚴(yán)n.dignity評估n.evaluation對……非常好的掌握n.mastery好奇心n.curiosity精英n.elite應(yīng)試教育test-orientededucation富于想象力的imaginative沉迷于……indulgein…發(fā)人深思的adj.thought-provoking無知的adj.ignorant文盲（的）n.&adj.illiterate學(xué)齡前兒童或者上學(xué)前班的兒童n.preschooler對文字技能的掌握n.literacy對數(shù)學(xué)知識的掌握n.numeracy誤入歧途goastray給人新鮮感的adj.refreshing令人振奮的adj.uplifting給人動力的adj.motivating單親家庭n.single-parentfamily未成年人n.minors溺愛vt.spoil青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency/youthcrime欺負(fù)（當(dāng)名詞是“喜歡欺負(fù)人的孩子”的意思）vt.&n.bully逃學(xué)n.truancy很有啟發(fā)的adj.enlightening成型的階段formativeyears植物學(xué)n.botany天文學(xué)n.astronomy培養(yǎng)v.cultivate/foster/nurture促進(jìn)學(xué)生身心發(fā)展promotethestudent’sphysical/mental(orintellectual)andemotionaldevelopment徹底變革vt.revolutionize自動化的adj.automated機(jī)械化的adj.mechanized電腦生成的adj.computer-generated組裝線assemblyline大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)mass-production省錢的adj.cost-effective/economical深刻改變vt.transform突破n.breakthrough打破（傳統(tǒng)的）界限breakboundaries無限的可能endlesspossibilities發(fā)展v.&n.advance信息過剩informationoverload信息爆炸informationexplosion自給自足n.self-sufficiency虛擬世界thevirtualworld脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)bedetachedfromreality（電腦的）攝像頭n.webcam不可想象的adj.inconceivable遠(yuǎn)程通訊n.telecommunications高生產(chǎn)率的adj.productive自動化n.automation可利用的adj.available新穎的adj.novel耐用的adj.durable對用戶友好的，方便使用的adj.user-friendly常規(guī)的adj.conventional增進(jìn)，提高vt.enhance=boost加速speedup/accelerate生產(chǎn)，制造vt.manufacture標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的adj.standardized印刷機(jī)printingpress電報n.telegraph外科手術(shù)n.surgery采用vt.adopt在家遠(yuǎn)程上班n.telecommuting網(wǎng)絡(luò)銀行（業(yè)務(wù)）onlinebanking提高效率augment/enhance/boostefficiency提高生產(chǎn)效率augment/enhance/boostproductivity減少人力的機(jī)器labor-savingmachinery取代人力的機(jī)器labor-replacingmachinery自動化n.automation生物技術(shù)n.biotechnology克隆v.clone遠(yuǎn)程通訊n.telecommunications太空探索spaceexploration/spaceprobe人的基因構(gòu)成one’sgeneticmakeup/one’sDNAprogramming創(chuàng)新n.innovations有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，精巧的adj.ingenious以驚人的速度atastaggeringrate超輕的adj.ultra-lightweight超薄的adj.ultra-thin便攜的adj.portable天線n.antenna器官移植organtransplant心臟起搏器n.pacemaker交易n.transactions載人登月mannedlandingontheMoon載人航天器mannedspacecraft通訊衛(wèi)星telecommunicationssatellite氣象衛(wèi)星weathersatellite/meteorologicalsatellite發(fā)射臺launchpad哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡theHubbleSpaceTelescope防彈背心bulletproofvest尖端的技術(shù)cutting-edgetechnology信息爆炸informationexplosion(orover-load)信息時代theinformationage(orera)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用theproliferationoftheInternet/theextensiveuseoftheInternet/thewidespreaduseoftheInternet科技創(chuàng)新及發(fā)展technologicalinnovations/inventions/advances/progressionsMedia好奇心n.curiosity可靠的adj.dependable/trustworthy報道n.coverage成為頭條新聞makeheadlines有新聞價值的adj.newsworthy信息量大的adj.informative娛樂性強(qiáng)的adj.entertaining商品n.commodity商業(yè)化的adj.commercialized隱私n.privacy收視率n.ratings指某種事物在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、媒體或者公眾中快速傳開goviral評價過高的adj.overrated記者n.journalists新聞界thepress（多半指女孩子）追星族n.groupies追星族n.teenybopper某種文化的代表人物，如體育、音樂或電影等的最優(yōu)秀人物n.icon演員在影視作品或者廣告中突然成功makeasplash澄清vt.clarify審查n.censorship夸大事實(shí)blowthingsoutofproportion完全與世隔絕entirelycutofffromtheoutsideworld（媒體）影響（公眾意見）vt.sway電視、收音機(jī)或者互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的廣告n.commercial小傳單廣告n.flyer大幅廣告牌n.billboard海報n.poster小報兒n.tabloid有獎競猜節(jié)目quizshow真人秀realityshow情景喜劇n.sitcom肥皂劇soapopera綜藝節(jié)目varietyshow時事currentaffairs印刷媒體theprintmedia電子媒體theelectronicmedia報道新聞的機(jī)構(gòu)newsoutlets充斥著……beawashwith/beinundatedwith/besaturatedwith審查v.censor刪除v.delete/eliminate/excise過多的暴力與色情內(nèi)容excessive(orgratuitous)violentandpornographiccontents有誤導(dǎo)性的adj.misleading/misrepresented/distorted詐騙性的adj.fraudulent虛假的adj.false/bogus報道非常詳盡的細(xì)節(jié)reportsth.ingraphicdetail夸大事件exaggeratethings/sensationalizethings/blowthingsoutofallproportions公正客觀的objectiveandbalanced揭露v.expose/reveal侵犯隱私violate(orintrudeon/infringeon)someone’sprivacy毀壞某人的名譽(yù)tarnish/sully/smear/besmirchone’sreputation狗仔隊(duì)n.(pl.)paparazzi名人n.(pl.)celebrities丑聞n.scandals掩蓋v.coverup/glossover/whitewash客觀的adj.objective不客觀的adj.biased/skewed/unobjective如實(shí)的描述factualaccounts可信的adj.reliable/trustworthy/dependable及時的up-to-date/up-to-minute道德準(zhǔn)則codeofethics/codeofconduct監(jiān)督vt.scrutinize無處不在的adj.ubiquitous/prevalent荒唐的，可笑的adj.absurd/ludicrous高調(diào)的/低調(diào)的adj.high-profile/low-profile獨(dú)家新聞exclusivenews（明星的）光環(huán)theglitzandglamour魅力四射的adj.glamorous處在公眾注意力的焦點(diǎn)inthespotlight/inthelimelight媒體炒作mediahype傳聞n.gossip捏造的adj.fabricatedSuccess決心n.determination座右銘n.motto家喻戶曉的名字ahouseholdname有一定成就的（形容人）adj.established輝煌的adj.glorious絕望n.&vi.despair適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)的adj.adaptable名望n.fame（很高的）聲望n.prestige名聲n.reputation不幸n.misfortune概率n.probability殘疾的adj.disabled在某方面成功succeedinsth.態(tài)度n.attitude毅力n.tenacity/perseverance一種直接而且被證明有效的去除……的方法aprovenandstraightforwardwaytodosth.努力去做的事情n.commitment/undertaking/endeavor很有本事極容易成功的人go-getter很多人都希望得到的adj.highly-sought-after逆境n.adversity/hardship很渴望得到……h(huán)aveayearning/longing/cravingforsth.個人通過自身努力獲得更高社會地位的可能性upwardmobility優(yōu)秀的adj.remarkable→excellent→outstanding→distinguished意志力n.willpower挫折n.setback堅(jiān)忍不拔的adj.rugged頑固的adj.stubborn決定性的，有決斷力的adj.decisive不可逾越的adj.insurmountable某方面技能很高beadeptin不知名的，默默無聞的adj.obscure身份和地位的象征statussymbol戰(zhàn)略，行動安排n.strategy堅(jiān)持adhereto對手n.rival不切實(shí)際的幻想n.illusion不可缺少的，絕對必要的adj.indispensable深思熟慮的adj.well-thought-out從貧窮到富有的成功故事arags-to-richesstory曇花一現(xiàn)beaflashinthepan長處n.(pl.)strengths弱點(diǎn)n.(pl.)weaknesses重大的過錯n.blunder可以原諒的錯誤n.peccadillo有魅力的adj.charismaticWork焦慮n.anxiety分配vt.assign沖突v.&n.conflict熱情地接受v.embrace嘗試n.&v.attempt競爭激烈的adj.competitive技巧很高的adj.accomplished在……方面很出眾vi.excelin…藍(lán)領(lǐng)n.blue-collar白領(lǐng)n.white-collar談判n.negotiation應(yīng)試技巧n.technique勝利n.triumph反饋n.feedback工作非常勤奮的adj.industrious建設(shè)性的adj.constructive有壓力的adj.stressful令人筋疲力盡的adj.exhausting高薪/底薪工作high-payingjobs/low-payingjobs工資過高的adj.overpaid升級vt.&n.upgrade同事n.colleague同事n.coworker同事（藍(lán)領(lǐng)）n.workmate明確的目標(biāo)clear-cut/specificgoals員工的熱情staffmorale可行的adj.feasible耗時間的adj.time-consuming妥協(xié)n.&v.compromise犧牲n.&v.sacrifice責(zé)任分配delegationofresponsibilities工作量n.workload心理壓力psychologicalstrain裁員n.layoff/downsizing盡職盡責(zé)的adj.conscientious當(dāng)名詞時是“做某事的途徑”，當(dāng)動詞時是“靠近”n.&vt.Approach(to)招聘vt.recruit激烈的競爭stiff/fiercecompetition高水準(zhǔn)的adj.high-caliber重大錯誤n.blunder有熱情的adj.enthusiastic討厭的人或東西n.nuisance自我表達(dá)n.self-expression自我印象，對自己的評價n.self-image自尊n.self-esteem遠(yuǎn)程會議n.teleconference/teleconferencing一種很知足的狀態(tài)n.contentment評價，評估n.assessment/evaluation時間限制，時間上的制約n.timeconstraints不愿意去做某事bereluctanttodosth./beunwillingtodosth.“工作”的正式說法n.profession/occupation事業(yè)n.career天職n.calling敬業(yè)精神workethic職業(yè)水準(zhǔn)n.professionalism很高的專業(yè)素養(yǎng)n.expertise經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的adj.experienced工作單位n.workplace白手起家的創(chuàng)業(yè)者n.entrepreneur事業(yè)心強(qiáng)的adj.enterprising艱巨的adj.daunting/formidable睡眠嚴(yán)重不足的adj.sleep-deprived（人）閑著的，（物品）閑置的adj.idle重要的adj.significant→essential→vital狂熱n.zeal十分投入的adj.devoted/fervent/ardent高尚的adj.lofty/noble工作滿意度jobsatisfaction穩(wěn)定性n.stability非常難做的工作back-breakingwork給人的精神壓力很大的adj.nerve-racking和壓力有關(guān)的疾病stress-induceddiseases努力exertoneself滿足感n.gratification合作vi.collaborate(with)就業(yè)技能employableskills人際交往能力interpersonalskills職業(yè)前景careerprospects重復(fù)性的adj.repetitive自由職業(yè)者n.freelancer自雇的self-employedpeople人員，員工（集合概念）n.personnel有競爭力的adj.competent完美的adj.flawless失眠n.insomnia加班workovertime工作狂n.workaholic激勵物，獎勵條件n.incentive獎勵，回報n.reward以身作則leadbyexample團(tuán)結(jié)n.solidarity一致n.unity苛刻的adj.demanding薪酬n.compensation抱怨vt.whine員工福利fringebenefits/perks/employeebenefits偏執(zhí)的adj.compulsive禮儀n.etiquette合作n.collaboration超級忙碌的adj.hecticGovernment廢除（法律、制度等）vt.abolish實(shí)施vt.implement使……合法化vt.legalize首要任務(wù)n.priority建立vt.establish減輕、緩解vt.alleviate=ease=relieve當(dāng)局theauthorities禁止vt.forbid/prohibit立法n.legislation稅收taxrevenue民主的adj.democratic高效率的adj.efficient優(yōu)化資源分配optimizethedistributionofres-ources穩(wěn)定n.stability解決vt.Combat=tackle=resolve=address=grapplewith嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的adj.stringent短視的adj.short-sighted支出，花費(fèi)n.expenditure社會保險socialsecurity老百姓n.citizens/thecitizenry規(guī)范，管理v.regulate/monitor/oversee嚴(yán)禁strictlyprohibit/banaltogether嚴(yán)格的法律stringentlaws/legislation強(qiáng)制性的，按照法律或者規(guī)定必須做的adj.mandatory/compulsory監(jiān)督n.scrutiny監(jiān)督v.scrutinize/monitor為……撥款allocatemoneytosth./beapatronof/investin/fund/dedicatemoneytosth.預(yù)算n.budget政府開支thegovernmentspending/expenditureonsth.削減v.curtail增加v.augment當(dāng)務(wù)之急n.priority把……當(dāng)作當(dāng)務(wù)之急giveprioritytosth.責(zé)任n.duty/responsibility/obligation軍備競賽n.armsrace自衛(wèi)n.self-defense國土安全nationalsecurity/homelandsecurity缺乏遠(yuǎn)見的政策short-sightedpolicy擴(kuò)張n.expansion/aggression謀求霸權(quán)seek/pursuehegemony惡性循環(huán)aviciouscircle地區(qū)不穩(wěn)定因素destabilizingfactors規(guī)章制度rulesandregulations太空競賽spacerace武器n.arms/weapons/armaments下崗工人laid-offworkers/downsizedworkers失業(yè)n.unemployment/joblessness基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施n.infrastructure公共交通系統(tǒng)publictransportation/transitsystem電網(wǎng)powergrid石油天然氣管線pipelines給排水系統(tǒng)watersupplyanddrainagesystem民主與開明的政府a(chǎn)democraticandprogressivegovernment臨時的應(yīng)急措施astopgapmeasureFriends察覺到vt.detect外貌n.appearance吸引，吸引力n.attraction喜歡社交的adj.sociable忠實(shí)的adj.loyal志向ambition陪伴n.company（人）動手能力強(qiáng)的，（物品）輕便的adj.handy樂于并善于合作的adj.cooperative有條理的adj.organized聰明的adj.intelligent有天賦的，有才華的adj.gifted/talented體育好的adj.athletic無憂無慮的，樂天派的happy-go-lucky/carefree相互的adj.mutual有藝術(shù)氣息的adj.artistic真誠的adj.sincere直率的adj.candid/frank背叛vt.betray敵意n.animosity/antagonism靠不住的朋友fair-weatherfriend好感，關(guān)愛n.affection擁抱n.&vt.hug安慰某人vt.reassuresb./comfortsb.膚淺的，表面化的adj.superficial/shallow表述清晰的，口才好的adj.eloquent永恒的adj.eternal活潑的，活躍的adj.lively謙虛的adj.modest尷尬的adj.awkward對自己所處狀態(tài)感到緊張或缺乏自信的心態(tài)adj.self-conscious兩難的困境n.dilemma確定性n.certainty真實(shí)的，真正的adj.genuine低估v.underestimate美德n.virtue調(diào)解v.reconcile荒唐可笑的adj.absurd/ridiculous很煩人的adj.irritating承受力或者恢復(fù)能力強(qiáng)的adj.resilient低調(diào)的adj.low-profile/low-key很支持的adj.supportive有感染力的adj.contagious豁達(dá)的，接受能力強(qiáng)的adj.open-minded狹隘的生活態(tài)度aparochialoutlooktowardlife喜歡獨(dú)處的solitary內(nèi)向的adj.reserved富有同情心的adj.compassionate不愛多說話的adj.reticent讓某人逐漸放得開bringapersonoutofhis/hershell本意雖好但把事情做砸了的adj.well-intentioned/well-meaning自我欺騙n.self-deception愛騙人的adj.deceitful自信的adj.assertive/self-assured容忍的adj.tolerant機(jī)靈的adj.witty有智慧的adj.wise體貼人的adj.considerate/thoughtful理解他人的，善解人意的adj.understanding口齒清楚的，表達(dá)能力強(qiáng)的adj.articulate很逗的adj.amusing極度搞笑的adj.hilarious過于自我的adj.egotistical漠然的adj.indifferent(to)孤立的adj.isolated喜歡虛榮的adj.vain懶散的adj.laid-back很友善的adj.congenial優(yōu)雅的adj.elegant≈graceful好朋友n.chum花束n.bouquet杰出的adj.prominent（人）老練的，（工具）復(fù)雜高端的adj.sophisticated頑強(qiáng)的adj.touch瑣碎的adj.trivialOldvs.Young風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣n.custom尊敬的adj.respectful很有活力的adj.energetic≈dynamic有前途的adj.promising保守的adj.conservative根深蒂固的adj.entrenched/ingrained悔恨的adj.rueful常規(guī)n.norm做事很主動的adj.proactive老式的adj.old-fashioned過時的adj.antiquated/outdated惡化vi.deteriorate過時了的，沒人用了的adj.obsolete僵化不變的adj.fossilized人均壽命lifeexpectancy史無前例的adj.unprecedented≈groundbreaking某事物并不是一成不變的is/arenotcarvedinstone不實(shí)際的adj.impractical/unrealistic沉思n.reflection懷舊的adj.nostalgic空巢綜合癥empty-nestsyndrome中年危機(jī)midlifecrisis困惑的adj.confused/bewildered/puzzled迷失了方向的adj.disoriented心態(tài)n.mindset成熟n.maturity有活力的adj.dynamic揮之不去lingerinone’smind退休狀態(tài)或者退休后的時間n.retirement退了休的老人n.retiree老年公寓retirementhome養(yǎng)老保險retire-mentplan/pensionplan1~2歲的小朋友n.baby/infants走路搖搖晃晃的那種孩子n.toddlers13~19歲的孩子teens/teenagers未成年人n.kids/children十幾歲的孩子n.adolescent20/30/40……多歲的人們peopleintheir20s/30s/40s…中年人middle-agedpeople老年人retirepeople/pensioners/seniors/theelderly年長者n.seniority祖先n.ancestors老齡化社會agingsociety=grayingsociety反動派（的）n.&adj.reactionary松弛的皮膚saggingskin歷史悠久的adj.time-honored永恒的adj.timeless過去的好時光thegoodolddays皺紋n.wrinkle花白的頭發(fā)salt-and-pepperhair/pepper-and-salthair分清是非distinguishrightfromwrong相互了解mutualunderstanding逝去vt.fade蹣跚vi.stagger老兵n.veteran主動努力地去回憶vt.recall溫情回顧reminisceabout溫情回顧（名詞版）thefondmemoriesof…向……致敬paytributeto貶低vt.denigrateTransportation交通堵塞trafficjam=trafficcongestion危險的路況treacherousroadconditions公交publictransit磁懸浮列車magnetically-levitatedtrains輕軌skytrain有軌電車streetcar/tram/trolley渡輪n.ferry橫沖直撞roadrage蠻不講理的司機(jī)aggressivedrivers不負(fù)責(zé)任地開車recklessdriving酒后駕車drunkdriving肇事者n.culprit/offender每天經(jīng)過長距離去上班的人們n.commuter交通量trafficvolume/volumeoftraffic交通方式modes/meansoftransportation交通工具n.vehicle下降n.&vi.decline人口稠密的adj.densely-populated激增vi.soar擁擠的adj.packed/crowded被擠在……里besquishedup人口爆炸，人口激增populationexplosion/populationboom提高征稅imposehighertaxeson行人n.pedestrian罰款vt.&n.fine行人公交像沙丁魚罐頭那么擁擠adj.sardine-packed危險的adj.hazardous地鐵的一節(jié)車廂subwaycar加長轎車n.limo車隊(duì)n.fleet拼車n.&vi.car-pool大都市的adj.metropolitan過度擁擠n.overcrowding撞車n.collision/caraccident人口密度densityofpopulation高架橋，過街天橋n.overpass地下過街通道n.underpass內(nèi)燃機(jī)internalcombustionengine柴油機(jī)n.dieselengine蒸汽驅(qū)動的adj.steam-driven汽油驅(qū)動的adj.petrol-driven以氫氣為動力的adj.hydrogen-driven混亂的adj.chaotic馬拉的觀光車horse-drawncarriage歐洲古代的戰(zhàn)車n.chariotEnvironment污染物n.pollutant盡可能減少，最小化vt.minimize傾倒vt.dump循環(huán)使用vt.recycle灌溉n.irrigation居住于……vt.inhabit節(jié)約使用v.conserve保護(hù)v.preserve再利用v.reuse/recycle短缺n.shortage/scarcity/dearth/lack污染v.pollute生態(tài)系統(tǒng)theecosystem有益于環(huán)保的adj.eco-friendly環(huán)境惡化environmentaldegradation/environmentaldeterioration當(dāng)?shù)氐木用駆ocalresident/localinhabitants紫外線ultraviolet(UV)rays皮膚癌skincancer防曬霜n.sunscreen有毒的adj.poisonous/toxic無毒的adj.non-toxic免疫系統(tǒng)immunesystem一次性的adj.disposable（人）吸入vt.inhale負(fù)面影響adverseeffects沙塵暴n.sandstorm砍伐森林n.deforestation可以被環(huán)境吸收的adj.biodegradable聯(lián)合的jointeffort/concertedeffort國際社會而不是國際社區(qū)theinternationalcommunity臭氧層ozonelayer對……形成壓力putastrainon…有環(huán)保意識的adj.environmentally-conscious不可逆的adj.irreversible化學(xué)反應(yīng)chemicalreactions安靜的，寧靜的tranquilandserene有限的自然資源limited/finitenaturalresources替代性能源alternativeenergy商品包裝的總稱n.packaging污染vt.contaminate二氧化碳排放carbondioxideemission(s)汽車尾氣exhaustfumes酸雨acidrain冰川n.glacier排放（污染物）vt.discharge可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment節(jié)約vt.conserve植被n.vegetation光合作用n.photosynthesis太陽能solarenergy風(fēng)能windenergy核能nuclearenergy水電n.hydropower煙霧重的adj.smoggy呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病respiratorydisease極大的痛苦n.agony人造的adj.artificial改變，變更vt.alter適當(dāng)?shù)腶dj.appropriate憤慨的adj.indignant鼓勵環(huán)保gogreen開采自然資源exploitnaturalresources熱帶雨林n.rainforests侵蝕vt.erode連鎖反應(yīng)chainreaction水波效應(yīng)，連鎖反應(yīng)rippleeffect蝴蝶效應(yīng)，連鎖反應(yīng)butterflyeffect徹底改變我們的生活reshapeourlives貧瘠的土地barren/infertileland肥沃的土地fertileland警惕n.&vt.caution化肥chemicalfertilizer殺蟲劑n.pesticide豐富的，充裕的adj.abundant輻射n.radiation（多指對環(huán)境、建筑等）破壞wreakhavoconsth.惡化v.deteriorate/aggravate生態(tài)平衡ecologicalbalanceecologicalequilibrium可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment環(huán)保主義者n.environmentalists/conservationists對環(huán)境無害的adj.environmentally-friendly各國必須攜手解決環(huán)境問題countriesonthisplanetmustjoinforces/makeaconcertedeffortunite/combatenvironmentalproblems增強(qiáng)公眾關(guān)于……的意識raise(orelevate)thepublicawarenessofsth.讓資源承受很大壓力putastrainontheresources/stretchresourcestothelimit破壞自然環(huán)境wreakhavoconnaturalresources砍伐森林n.deforestation增加農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量boostcropyield可再生資源renewableresources消耗v.consume/deplete用盡useupexhaust嚴(yán)厲的措施n.harshactions/measures某一地區(qū)所有生物總稱thewildlifeinaregion生物的多樣性n.biodiversity污水n.effluent/sewage溫室效應(yīng)greenhouseeffect嚴(yán)重的adj.severe白色污染產(chǎn)生的垃圾non-biodegradablegarbage譴責(zé)而不是縱容condemnratherthancondonesth.肥沃的土壤fertilesoil貧瘠的土壤infertilesoil耕地n.arablelandMoney珍貴的adj.precious/valuable毫無價值的adj.worthless不安全感n.insecurity節(jié)儉的adj.thrifty/frugal省錢的adj.economical保持收支平衡makeendsmeet緊張的預(yù)算atightbudget奢侈的adj.extravagant/lavish/luxurious時尚的adj.stylish身無分文的adj.penniless昂貴的adj.costly（商店或者餐廳等）高檔的adj.upscale聚斂vt.amass精致的，精美的adj.exquisite天價exorbitantprice“高端的”，可以指服務(wù)場所，也可以指商品adj.top-end/high-end低端的adj.low-end不僅是好運(yùn)，也經(jīng)常指財富n.fortune富有的adj.wealthy/affluent貧窮的adj.impoverished/needy富人與窮人thehavesandthehave-nots抵抗vt.resist誘惑n.temptation服裝n.outfit財產(chǎn)n.property/possessions地位和身份的象征n.statussymbol顧客n.patron公司的或者律師等專業(yè)人士的客戶n.client需求n.demand欲望n.desire貪欲n.greed妒忌（形容詞jealous）n.jealousy無法抵制的adj.irresistible有誘惑力的adj.tempting慷慨n.generosity慈善事業(yè)或者慈善組織n.charity慈善事業(yè)n.philanthropy生活很悲慘leadawretchedexistence捐贈vt.donate看不起vt.despise貶低vt.denigrate粗活兒menialjobsLeisure短期旅行n.excursion觀光n.sightseeing有導(dǎo)游的旅行conductedtour/guidedtour跟團(tuán)游packagetour自助游self-conductedtour/self-guidedtour異域風(fēng)情的adj.exotic有益環(huán)保的旅游n.ecotourism背包族n.backpacker旅游景點(diǎn)touristattraction/touristspot旅行社travelagency紀(jì)念品n.souvenir探索vt.explore古代留下來的東西n.relics城堡n.castle手工制品n.handicrafts文物n.artifacts珍惜vt.cherish收藏n.collection美術(shù)館，畫廊n.gallery開闊某人的眼界expandone’soutlook/vision抽象畫abstractpainting具象畫representationalpainting風(fēng)景畫landscapepainting靜物畫stilllifepainting人像畫n.portrait油畫oilpainting壁畫n.mural/fresco雕刻n.carving蘿卜青菜，各有所愛。Differentstrokesfordifferentfolks.業(yè)余的消遣n.diversion/pastime休閑n.recreation釋放壓力releasestress引領(lǐng)潮流的adj.trend-setting游樂場amusementpark主題公園themepark消除擔(dān)心ridofftheworries從日?，嵤轮袛[脫出來getawayfromthedailygrind提振某人的精神liftone’sspirits精神消沉one’sspiritssink值得回憶的adj.memorable文化遺產(chǎn)culturalheritage民間傳說n.folktale少數(shù)民族ethnicminorities外觀n.exterior內(nèi)部n.interior化妝品n.cosmetics業(yè)余愛好者，“票友兒”n.amateur偏見n.prejudice虛構(gòu)情節(jié)圖書n.fiction以事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的書n.non-fiction偵探小說detectivenovel傳記n.biography勵志書motivationalbooks馬賽克n.mosaic神話n.mythology樂器musicalinstrument音樂劇n.musical表演n.performance塑造某人的性格moldone’stemperament捕捉vt.capture讓人放松calmthenervesandrestorethesoul芭蕾舞n.ballet電影n.flick演員的（表演）或者演技n.acting看了開頭就知道結(jié)尾的那種劇情predictablestoryline/plot大團(tuán)圓結(jié)局ahappyending動畫片n.animation特效specialeffects展覽n.exhibition展覽或者展品n.exhibit馬戲團(tuán)n.circus低強(qiáng)度鍛煉lightexercise中等強(qiáng)度鍛煉moderateexercise高強(qiáng)度鍛煉vigorous/strenuousexercise越野摩托車運(yùn)動dirtbiking適度n.moderation健身n.workout有氧運(yùn)動aerobicexercises血液循環(huán)bloodcirculation靈活性n.flexibility耐力n.endurance協(xié)調(diào)，（身體的）協(xié)調(diào)性n.coordination馬拉松n.marathon田徑n.athletics高雅的品味exquisitetastes古董；過時的n.&adj.antique超級好看的adj.gorgeous不好看的adj.unsightly巨丑的adj.hideous鑒賞家n.connoisseur愛慕虛榮的adj.pretentious攀比keepupwiththeJoneses涉及多種感官的adj.multisensory有吸引力的adj.appealing/attractive極有吸引力的adj.fascinating/captivating放縱自己于……indulgein…一個笑話最后的那句最逗的話punchline讓人特興奮的adj.exhilarating審美的adj.aesthetic艷俗的adj.garish（交響）樂團(tuán)n.orchestra騎馬horsebackriding射箭archery鐵人三項(xiàng)triathlon壁球racquetball/squash室內(nèi)自行車運(yùn)動n.spinning美式曲棍球n.lacrosseFamily老年人elderlypeople/seniorcitizens親情familybonds/familyties家庭觀念familyvalues增強(qiáng)，加固vt.strengthen/reinforce配偶n.spouse家里的孩子n.offspring兄弟姐妹n.sibling(s)兄弟姐妹間的互相競爭n.siblingrivalry表兄弟/姐妹n.cousin家務(wù)事householdchores相互的支持與諒解n.give-and-take性格沖突personalityclash家庭用品，特別常指家電householdappliances被……所拖累betieddownby代溝generationgap家人one’simmediatefamily親戚one’srelatives只有父母和孩子一起住的小家庭nuclearfamily一大家子人extendedfamily社區(qū)n.neighborhood依戀attachmentto…/affinityfor…對……的依戀anattachmenttosth./anaffinityforsth.傳家寶fa