大學(xué)新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)課件：第五單元第2部分

TextThestoryof

AnnFrank’sDiaryAnneFrank

安妮·弗蘭克（人名）AnneliesMarieFrank(1929--1945)wasborninFrankfurt,Germany;in1933herfamilymovedtoAmsterdam,Holland;from1942to1944theyhidinasecretannexewithfourotherJews,helpedbyfriendswhobroughtthemfood.HerfamilywerebetrayedtotheGermansandtakentoaconcentrationcamp,whereAnnediedafewdaysafterthedeathofheroldersister–oneof1.2millionJewishchildrenwhodiedintheHolocaust.Words&PhrasesWords&PhrasesSentenceTextorganisationActivereading1:NavigationbackgroundP1:Anne’sbirthdayPs2-7:sufferingextractP8:JewishdestinyPs9-10:dreamP11:declarationP12:VoiceofHolocaustfateofthediaryP13:Anne’sfather,thesolesurvivorP14:his

arrangementforpublicationTheStoryof

AnneFrank’sDiary1

"13June1944.AnotherbirthdayhasgonebysonowI'm15.I'vereceivedquiteafewpresents,anarthistorybook,asetofunderwear,twobelts,andahandkerchief,twopotsofyogurt,apotofjamandtwosmallhoneybiscuits…PeterandIhavebothspentyearsintheannexe–weoftendiscussthefuture,thepastandthepresent,but…Imisstherealthing,andyetIknowitexists."

TextAnnealwayswantedtobeawriter.Shestartedthediaryafterher13thbirthdayandcontinuedwritingfortwoyears.ThediarydocumentsherexperienceofhidingduringtheNazioccupationofHolland.WhenAnneheardthata

memberoftheDutchgovernmentwasencouragingthecreationofapublicrecordoftheoccupation,includinglettersanddiaries,shestartededitingherwritingwithaviewtopublicationlater:Thismeanstherearetwoversions,theoriginalandaneditedversion.ThediarywasleftintheannexeandrecoveredandreturnedtoAnne’sfather–asthesolesurvivor–whenitwasknownthattheauthorhaddied.TheDiaryofAnneFrankLanguagePointsItwaspublishedintheoriginalDutchin1947,inGermanandFrenchin1950,andinEnglishin1952.Afterclaimsthatitwasaforgery,afive-yearindependentinvestigationconfirmeditsauthenticity.Nowoneoftheworld’smostwidelyreadbooks,availablein60languages,thediary’softenstudiedinschoolsandhasbeenmadeintoseveralplays,films,andin2009aBBCTVdramatizedserialandanextensivedocumentaryfeaturingthetestimoniesofHolocaustsurvivorswhoknewAnne,eveninherlastdaysinthedeathcamp.LanguagePointsunderwearn.

[U]clothingthatyouwearnexttoyourskinunderyourotherclothes內(nèi)衣e.g.1.

Youjustneedtotakeachangeofunderwear.

你只需帶一套換洗的內(nèi)衣。2.Theyleftofftheirwoollenunderwearwhentheweathergotwarm.天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖的時(shí)候，他們不再穿羊毛內(nèi)衣。Words&Phrasesyogurtn.

[C,U]afoodmadefrommilkthathasbecomethickandslightlysour,sometimeswithfruitaddedtoit酸乳，酸奶e.g.1.apotofstrawberryyogurt

一罐草莓酸奶2.Iprefertohavefat-freeyogurt.我還是吃脫脂酸奶吧。Words&Phrasesannexe

n.

[C]abuildingthatisaddedtoalargerbuildingorbuiltnexttoit添加的建筑物；附屬建筑物e.g.Someofuswillbesleepingintheannexe.

我們當(dāng)中有些人要睡在增建的屋子的。Words&Phrases

2

AnneFrankwrotethesewordsinhernowfamousdiarywhilesheandherfamilywereinhidingin"thesecretannexe",afewroomsinthebackofherfather'sofficeinAmsterdam,Holland.

3

TheFrankswereinfactrefugees,JewsfromGermanywhohademigratedtoHolland,settlinginAmsterdamtoescapefromNazipersecution.Butwhen,inMay1940theGermanarmyinvadedandoccupiedHolland,thepersecutionoftheDutchJewsveryquicklybegantheretoo.TextAmsterdam

阿姆斯特丹（荷蘭首都）Amsterdam

isthecapitalandlargestcityoftheNetherlands.ThecityisthefinancialandculturalcapitaloftheNetherlands.ManylargeDutchinstitutionshavetheirheadquartersthere,and7oftheworld'stop500companies,includingPhilipsandING.Words&Phrasesrefugeen.

[C]someonewholeavestheircountry,especiallyduringawarorotherthreateningevent

（尤指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的）難民；避難者e.g.Refugeeswerestreamingacrosstheborder.

難民川流不息地涌過(guò)邊境。Wordfamily:

refuge

v.&n.e.g.Residentstookrefugefromthebombinginthelocalchurch.

居民們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)亟烫枚惚苻Z炸。Words&Phrasesemigratevi.

leaveyourcountryinordertoliveinanothercountry

移居外國(guó)e.g.1.SheemigratedtoAustraliaasayoungman.

她年輕時(shí)就移居澳大利亞。2.Inthepresentdifficultconditions,manypeopleareemigratingfromBritain.

在目前的困難時(shí)期，很多人正離開(kāi)英國(guó)，移居國(guó)外。Wordfamily:

emigration

n.Antonym:

immigratev.移居入境Words&PhrasesNazipersecutionLanguagePointsTheHolocaust

(fromthe

Greek)wasthe

genocide

ofapproximatelysixmillionEuropean

Jews

during

WorldWarII,aprogrammeofsystematicstate-sponsoredexterminationby

NaziGermany.Two-thirdsofthepopulationofninemillionJewswhohadresidedinEuropebeforetheHolocaustwerekilled.翻譯：納粹的迫害Nazia.&n.

1)

a.oftheNationalSocialistPartyofAdolfHiltlerwhichcontrolledGermanyfrom1933to1945納粹黨的；國(guó)社黨的e.g.TheAlliesfinallysmashedtheNaziwarmachine.同盟國(guó)最終粉碎了納粹的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)器。2)

n.[C]someonewhobelongedtotheNaziParty,whichwasestablishedandledbyAdolfHitlerbetween1933and1945（德國(guó)）納粹分子，國(guó)社黨黨員e.g.Naziclosesthosewarcriminalsinsidetheirconcentrationcamp.

納粹把那些戰(zhàn)犯關(guān)在他們的集中營(yíng)里。Words&Phrases

Sentence…inMay1940theGermanarmyinvaded…LanguagePointsTheGermansemployedafast,wellco-ordinatedtacticknownasBlitzkrieg(Lightningwar)torapidlydefeattheirenemies,infastmovingattacks.Afterinvadingdespiteagallanteffortagainstafarsuperiorequippedinvader,thelastPolishresistanceendedon6OctobertheJewsofPoland.Afteraperiodofrelativecalmknownasthe“phoneywar”,theGermansoccupiedDenmarkandinvadedNorwayon9April1940andNorwaycapitulatedon10June1940.On10May1940GermanybegintheirattacksonWesternEurope–Holland,Belgium,LuxemburgandFrance.TheGermanadvancecontinuedandon13JunePariswasdeclaredanopencity,andadaylatertheGermanarmyoccupiedParis.AttheendofJune1940theGermansoccupytheChannelIslandsofGuernseyandJersey.翻譯：……在1940年5月，當(dāng)?shù)聡?guó)軍隊(duì)入侵并占領(lǐng)了荷蘭之后……LanguagePoints4

LikeallJews,AnneandhersisterMargotwere

forbiddentoattendschool,toridetheirbikes,eventotravelinacar.Theywereonlyallowedtogointocertainshops,andatalltimestheyhadtowearayellowstarontheirclothingtoshowtheywereJewish.ThestarofDavid,animportantreligioussymbol,wastransformedintoabadgeofshamebytheNazis.Text…andatalltimestheyhadtowearayellowstar…LanguagePointsTheyellowstar,inscribedwiththeword“Jude,”hasbecomeasymbolofNazipersecution.ItslikenessaboundsuponHolocaustliteratureandmaterials.ButtheJewishbadgewasnotinstitutedin1933whenHitlercametopower.Itwasnotinstitutedin1935whentheNuremberg（紐倫堡

LawsstrippedJewsoftheircitizenship.ItwasstillnotimplementedbyKristallnachtin1938.TheoppressionandlabelingoftheJewsbyuseoftheJewishbadgedidnotbeginuntilafterthestartoftheSecondWorldWar.Andeventhen,itbeganaslocallawsratherthanasaunifiedNazipolicy.

LanguagePointsJewisha.

relatingtoJews,theirculture,ortheirreligion猶太人的e.g.MyhusbandisJewish.我丈夫是猶太人。Wordfamily:Jew

n.Words&Phrasesthe

StarofDavidLanguagePointsTheStarofDavidisasix-pointedyellowstarwhichisatraditionalJewishsymbol.Jewish-ownedshopsinGermanyweremarkedwiththisstarafter1934;theJewsinGermanyin1939andinGerman-occupiedcountriesafter1941hadtowearthisinpublicwiththewordJude(GermanforJew).badgen.[C]

(BrE)aspecialpieceofmetal,cloth,orplastic,oftenwithwordsorsymbolsonit,thatyouwearorcarrywithyoutoshowyourrankorofficialposition

(圓形)小徽章e.g.Everystudentshouldcarryaschoolbadge.每個(gè)學(xué)生都應(yīng)該佩帶?；?。

Words&Phrases5

By1941,theNaziswerearrestinglarge

numbersofJewishpeople,andsendingthemtolabourcampswhichquicklybecamedeathcamps.OttoFrank,Anne'sfather,decidedtoconcealhisfamily,andthefamilyofhisbusinesspartner.TextlaborcampDuringtheSecondWorldWar,FromtheinitialstageoftheSecondWorldWar,theNaziauthoritiesexploitedtheresidencesofoccupiedterritoriesasasourceofslavelaborfortheReich德國(guó).ThispolicyofexploitationwasappliedmainlytowardsthepopulationoftheGouvernement-GeneralinPoland.HerewastheareawhereallthePolishJews,theJewsdeportedfromotherEuropeancountriesandallthe"non-Aryan"Poleswereconcentrated.FromOctober1939allthepeoplebetweentheagesof18to60hadtoreporttotheLaborDepartmentoftheGouvernement-Generalforpubliclaborassignments.Thepopulationwasoccupiedinroadbuilding,farmworksandpublicworksprojects.

LanguagePoints勞改集中營(yíng)

LanguagePointsOttoFrank

奧托·弗蘭克（人名）

OttoHeinrich"Pim"Frank(12May1889–19August1980)wasaGerman-bornbusinessmanandthefatherofAnneandMargotFrank.AsthesolememberofhisfamilytosurvivetheHolocaust,heinheritedAnne'smanuscriptsafterherdeath,arrangedforthepublicationofherdiaryin1947,andoversawitstranslationtothestageandscreen.Words&Phrasesconcealvt.

1)(fml)hidesomethingsothatitcannotbefound藏；隱藏e.g.Customsofficersfoundthecannabisconcealedinsidethecase.

海關(guān)官員發(fā)現(xiàn)了藏在手提箱里的大麻。2)nottellsomeoneaboutsomething,especiallybecauseyouareashamedofitorworriedaboutit掩蓋e.g.Don’ttrytoconcealanythingfromme!

什么事都別想瞞我！Wordfamily:concealment

n.

Words&Phrases6

TheFrankswentintohidingon6July1942,justafewweeksafterAnnestartedherdiary,andwerejoinedbythesecondfamily,theVanPelsaweeklater.Forthenexttwoyears,eightpeoplewereconfinedtojustsixsmallroomsandcouldnevergooutside.Therewasrarelyenoughtoeat,andthefamilieslivedinastateofpoverty.TextTheFrankswentintohidingon6July1942…

SomeJewssurvivedbyhidingorescapingfromGerman-controlledEurope.SomeescaperoutesoutofoccupiedEuropeledtobelligerentstates(suchastheSovietUnion),neutralstates(suchasSwitzerland,Spain,Sweden,andTurkey),andeventostatesalliedwithGermany(suchasItalyandHungarybeforetheywereoccupiedbyGermany).AftertheGermanattackontheSovietUnion,morethanamillionSovietJewsescapedeastward,fleeingtheadvancingGermanarmy.ThousandsmoreJewsmanagedtoleaveBlackSeaportsinBulgariaandRomania,seekingtoreachsafetyinPalestine.

LanguagePointsconfinevt.

1)

(alwayspassive)ifsomethingisconfinedtooneareaorgroupofpeople,ithappensonlyinthatareaoraffectsonlythatgroupofpeople

（被動(dòng)）使局限于e.g.1.Yourboatingwillmostlybeconfinedtoafewhoursatweekends.你通常只限于在周末劃幾個(gè)小時(shí)船。2.Before1914divorcewaslargelyconfinedtotheupperclasses.

1914年以前，離婚主要局限在上層社會(huì)范圍內(nèi)。Words&Phrases

2)keeporrestrictsomeoneorsomethingwithincertainlimitsof(space,scope,quantity,ortime)限制；使局限e.g.1.Hedoesnotconfinehismessagetohighpolitics.他的講話并不僅局限于偏激的政治見(jiàn)解。2.Weconfinedourstudyto10cases.

我們把研究限定在十個(gè)案例之內(nèi)。

3)(ofaperson)beunabletoleave(one'sbed,home,orawheelchair)becauseofillnessordisability（人）（因疾病、殘疾）無(wú)法離開(kāi)（床，家，輪椅）

e.g.Hehadbeenconfinedtoawheelchairforsometime.

他被困在輪椅上已有一段時(shí)間了。Words&Phrases

Throughouthertimeinhiding,Annecontinuedtowriteherdiary.Shedescribedtheday-to-dayactivityintheannexebutshealsowroteaboutherdreamsandaspirations.Itwasveryhardforhertoplanforafuture;sheandtheothersknewwhatwashappeningtotheJewswhohadbeencaught.Text7…

sheandtheothersknewwhatwashappeningtotheJews…LanguagePointsThroughoutmostofGerman-occupiedEurope,theGermanssoughttoroundupanddeportJewstokillingcentersinoccupiedPoland.

8

"OurmanyJewishfriendsandacquaintancesarebeingtakenawayindroves.TheGestapoistreatingthemveryroughlyandtransportingthemincattlecarstoWesterbork,thebigcampinDrenthetowhichthey'resendingalltheJews...Ifit'sthatbadinHolland,whatmustitbelikeinthosefarawayanduncivilizedplaceswheretheGermansaresendingthem?Weassumethatmostofthemarebeingmurdered.TheEnglishradiosays

they'rebeinggassed."–October9,1942Text

8

“我們的許多猶太人朋友和熟人都被成群地帶走了。蓋世太保對(duì)他們非常粗暴，用運(yùn)牲口的拖車把他們運(yùn)送到德倫特最大集中營(yíng)威斯特伯克，并把所有猶太人都遣送到那里……如果說(shuō)在荷蘭都這么糟，那么在德國(guó)人送他們?nèi)サ哪切┻b遠(yuǎn)的蠻荒之地又會(huì)是什么樣呢？我們猜想他們中的大多數(shù)正在被殺害。英國(guó)廣播說(shuō)他們正在被毒氣熏死?！薄?942年10月9日Textindroves:incrowds

成群結(jié)隊(duì)地

e.g.1.TouristscomeindrovestoseetheGreatWall.

游客成群結(jié)隊(duì)前來(lái)參觀長(zhǎng)城。2.Nursesareleavingtheprofessionindroves.

護(hù)士們紛紛離職。3.Footballfanscameindroves.

足球迷們大量地涌進(jìn)來(lái)。Seealso:droveWords&Phrases

droven.

[C]

alargenumberofanimals,especiallycows

一群e.g.1.adroveofcattle

牛群2.Hewassendingadroveofsheeptomarket.

他正趕著一群羊去集市。Seealso:

indroves.

Words&Phrases

Gestapo

蓋世太保（納粹秘密警察組織）

TheGestapo

wastheofficialsecretpoliceofNaziGermany.Beginningon20April1934,itwasundertheadministrationoftheSSleaderHeinrichHimmlerinhispositionasChiefofGermanPolice.Words&Phrasesroughlyad.

1)inawaythatisnotgentle粗暴地；粗魯?shù)?)usedforshowingthatanamount,number,timeetc.isnotexact

粗略地；大體上；大致上e.g.1.Hegrabbedherroughly.

他粗魯?shù)刈プ∷?.Therewereroughly200peoplethere.

那兒大約有200人。Wordfamily:

rough

a.

Words&Phrases

Westerbork

威斯特伯克（集中營(yíng)）

WesterborkconcentrationcampwasaWorldWarIINazirefugee,detentionandtransitcampinHooghalen,tenkilometersnorthofWesterbork,inthenortheasternNetherlands.ItsfunctionduringtheSecondWorldWarwastoassembleRomaandDutchJewsfortransporttootherNaziconcentrationcamps.

Fromthiscamp,101,000DutchJewsandabout5,000GermanJewsweredeportedtotheirdeathsinOccupiedPoland.Words&PhrasesWords&PhrasesDrenthe

德倫特?。ê商m）

DrentheisaprovinceoftheNetherlands,locatedinthenorth-eastofthecountry.ItisborderedbyGermanytotheeast.Words&PhrasesIfit'sthatbadinHolland,whatmustitbelikeinthosefarawayanduncivilizedplaceswheretheGermansaresendingthem?Weassumethatmostofthemarebeingmurdered.

LanguagePointsWhathappenshereinHollandisterrible,it’sevenworsesomewhereelsewhereJewsaresentto;probablytheyarebeingkilled.翻譯：如果說(shuō)在荷蘭都這么糟，那么在德國(guó)人送他們?nèi)サ哪切┻b遠(yuǎn)的蠻荒之地又會(huì)是什么樣呢？我們猜想他們中的大多數(shù)正在被殺害。uncivilizeda.

1)behavinginarudeoroffensiveway無(wú)禮的；粗魯?shù)膃.g.1.

Somemenareofteninsensitiveandbehavedinanuncivilizedmanner.有些男士經(jīng)常感覺(jué)遲鈍、行為不雅。2.Theuncivilizedguestchewedwithhismouthopen.舉止粗魯?shù)目腿藦堉彀途捉乐?)(ofaplaceorpeople)notconsideredtobesocially,culturally,ormorallyadvanced未開(kāi)化的；不文明的e.g.Somesayitiswildanduncivilized.

有些人說(shuō)這是一片未開(kāi)化的蠻荒之地。Words&Phrases

Sentence…

they’rebeinggassed…LanguagePointsAgaschamber（毒氣室）isanapparatusforkillinghumansoranimalswithgas,consistingofasealedchamberintowhichapoisonousorasphyxiantgasisintroduced.Themostcommonlyusedpoisonousagentishydrogencyanide;carbondioxideandcarbonmonoxidehavealsobeenused.GaschamberswereusedasamethodofexecutionforcondemnedprisonersintheUnitedStatesbeginninginthe1920s.DuringtheHolocaust,large-scalegaschambersdesignedformasskillingwereusedbyNaziGermanyaspartoftheirgenocideprogram,andalsobytheIndependentStateofCroatiaattheJasenovacconcentrationcamp.

Gaschamber

LanguagePointsgasvt.

attackorkillsomeonebymakingthembreatheapoisonousgas

用毒氣襲擊；用毒氣殺死e.g.1.Shewasbadlygassedinthewar.

她在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受到毒氣的嚴(yán)重傷害

。2.Shecouldn'tfacethefuture,andgassedherself.她對(duì)未來(lái)感到絕望，用煤氣自殺了。

Words&Phrases

Sentence9Despitebeinganordinaryteenagerinmanyways,curious,self-criticalandmoody,Annewasalsoanhonestwriterofconsiderabletalentwhofoughtfortherighttoliveandthisiswhatgivesthediarysuchpower:10

"It'sawonderIhaven'tabandonedallofmyideals,theyseemsoabsurdandimpractical.Yet,IclingtothembecauseIstillbelieveinspiteofeverythingthatpeoplearetrulygoodatheart…Imustholdtomyideals.PerhapsthedaywillcomewhenIwillbeabletorealisethem.’’Textmoodya.

likelytobecomeunhappyorangryfornoparticularreason情緒多變的；喜怒無(wú)常的e.g.1.Smithisstillamoodyteenager.

史密斯還是一個(gè)情緒多變的少年。2.Lewiswasmoodyandbrilliantlyclever.

劉易斯喜怒無(wú)常，但是非常聰明。Wordfamily:mood

n.

Words&Phrases

considerablea.

largeinsize,amount,ordegree

相當(dāng)大的；相當(dāng)多的e.g.1.We’vespentaconsiderableamountofmoney.

我們存了相當(dāng)大的一筆錢(qián)。2.MichaelhasalreadyspentconsiderabletimeinParis.

邁克爾在巴黎呆了相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間了。Wordfamily:

considerablyad.

Words&Phrasesidealn.

[C]

anideaaboutwhatisgoodandright,thatyoutrytofollowinyourlifeandbehaviour理想e.g.1.theidealsofafreeanddemocraticsociety

自由民主社會(huì)的理想2.thelong-vanishedidealsofthe1950s

50年代早已破滅的理想3.It’salongwayforustorealizeourideal.

要實(shí)現(xiàn)理想，我們的路還很長(zhǎng)。

Words&Phrases

absurda.

completelystupid,unreasonable,orimpossibletobelieve荒唐的；荒謬的e.g.1.Itseemsquiteabsurdtoexpectanyonetodrivefor3hoursjustfora20minutemeeting.

要人家開(kāi)3小時(shí)的車只為去參加一個(gè)20分鐘的會(huì)議，好像很荒唐吧。2.Someofthestorieshetellsareabsurd.他講的故事有的荒誕不經(jīng)。

Words&Phrases

impractical

a.

notsensible,ornotlikelytobeeffectiveorsuccessful

空想的；不切實(shí)際的；不現(xiàn)實(shí)的e.g.1.Theroadtollschemewasdismissedasimpractical.

公路收費(fèi)計(jì)劃由于不切實(shí)際而擱淺。2.Jameswasafoolishman,fullofimpracticalplans.

詹姆斯是個(gè)愚蠢的人，滿腦子都是不切實(shí)際的想法。Wordfamily:impractically

ad.

Words&Phrasesatheart:usedforsayingwhatsomeone’sbasiccharacteris內(nèi)心里；本質(zhì)上

e.g.1.

Iloveyou.Idonothaveothersatheart.

我愛(ài)你。我心里沒(méi)有其他人。2.Bluesis,atheart,averysimplekindofmusic.藍(lán)調(diào)實(shí)際上是種非常簡(jiǎn)單的音樂(lè)。

Words&Phrases11

It'sutterlyimpossibleformetobuildmylifeonafoundationofchaos,sufferinganddeath.Iseetheworldbeingslowlyturnedintoa

wilderness,Iheartheapproachingthunderthat,oneday,willdestroy

ustoo,Ifeelthesufferingofmillions.Andyet,whenIlookupat

thesky,Isomehowfeelthateverythingwillchangeforthebetter,

thatthiscrueltytooshallend,thatpeaceandtranquillitywill

returnoncemore…Imustupholdmyideals,forperhapsthetimewill

comewhenIshallbeabletocarrythemout."–July15,1944Textutterlyad.

completely:oftenusedforemphasizinghowbadsomeoneorsomethingis

完全地；十足地e.g.Youlookutterlymiserable.

你看起來(lái)很痛苦。Wordfamily:

utter

a.e.g.It’sallbeenanutterwasteoftime.

這完全是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

Words&Phrases

crueltyn.

[C,U]

behaviourthatdeliberatelycausespaintootherpeopleoranimals,orthatmakesthemunhappyorupset

殘忍；殘酷；殘暴e.g.1.Thechildrenhadsufferedcrueltyandneglect.

這些孩子遭受虐待，沒(méi)人照管。2.TherewasahintofcrueltyinBrian’ssmile.布萊恩的微笑里流露出一絲殘忍。Wordfamily:

cruel

a.

Words&Phrasestranquillityn.

[U]astateofpeaceandquiet平靜；寧?kù)o；安靜e.g.1.SuchtranquilityonlyexistshereonEnchantedIsland.這樣平靜的景象只能存在于魔幻島

。2.Itsymbolizesthetranquility,theyouth,thenature.它象征寧?kù)o、青春、自然。Wordfamily:

tranquil

a.

e.g.atranquilvillage寧?kù)o的村落

Words&Phrasesupholdvt.

(upheld-upheld)(fml)

confirmorsupport(sth.thathasbeenquestioned);maintain(acustomorpractice)支持；擁護(hù)；維護(hù)e.g.1.Franklyspeaking,Icannotupholdsuchconduct.

坦率地說(shuō)，我不能擁護(hù)那樣的行為。2.EverycitizenshouldupholdtheConstitution.每個(gè)公民都應(yīng)當(dāng)維護(hù)憲法。3.Fourlargecolumnsupheldthebuilding’sheavyroof.

四根大柱子支撐著這座建筑物的沉重屋頂。Words&Phrases12

Writingthesewords,Annewasnotdisplayingsimplechildish

optimism.Itwasmoreadeclarationofherprinciplesandoftherighttohumandignity.Thevoicethatcomesacrossisofasolitaryyounggirlwritingforherself,yetatthesametimeitisthecryofallthoseinnocentvictimsofevilwhosefatewastosufferintheSecondWorldWar.ThatiswhyAnneFrank'sdiaryhasachievedfameasthevoiceoftheHolocaustinwhichsixmillionJewsweremurdered:Shespeaksforallofhumanity.Text

12安妮寫(xiě)這些話，并非在展示簡(jiǎn)單幼稚的樂(lè)觀主義。那是她的信念和人類尊嚴(yán)權(quán)利的宣言。它傳來(lái)的是一個(gè)孤獨(dú)少女的聲音，她為自己寫(xiě)作，但同時(shí)也是所有無(wú)辜受邪惡迫害者的吶喊，他們的命運(yùn)是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間受難。這就是安妮·弗蘭克的日記被譽(yù)為猶太人大屠殺（其間有六百萬(wàn)猶太人被殺害）之聲的原因：她的話代表了全人類的心聲。Textdisplayvt.

showafeeling,quality,orattitudebythewayyoubehave展示；展露；表現(xiàn)e.g.1.Alltheexamresultswillbedisplayedonthenoticeboard.

所有的考試成績(jī)將公布在布告板上。2.Shedisplayednoemotiononthewitnessstand.

她在證人席上面無(wú)表情。3.AnErrormessagewasdisplayedonthescreen.

屏幕上顯示了錯(cuò)誤的信息。

Words&Phraseschildisha.

behavinginasillyandannoyingway,likeasmallchild;sillyandimmature孩子的；孩子般的;幼稚傻氣的

e.g.1.Thisisachildishgave.這是個(gè)兒童游戲。2.That’sachildishidea.

那是個(gè)幼稚的想法。Words&PhrasesCf:

childish&childlike兩者承“孩子般的”意思，但childlike

為褒義詞，意為“像孩子般天真的”；而childish則偏貶義，指“像孩子一樣幼稚甚至是愚蠢的”。optimismn.

[U]atendencytobehopefulandtoexpectthatgoodthingswillprobablyhappen

樂(lè)觀；樂(lè)觀主義e.g.1.Recentresultsmustgivesomecauseforoptimism.近來(lái)的成績(jī)一定會(huì)讓人樂(lè)觀起來(lái)。2.Optimismmadehimalivethroughtheharddays.樂(lè)觀主義使他在艱難的歲月里活了下來(lái)。Wordfamily:optimistic

a.樂(lè)觀的Antonym:

pessimistic

a.悲觀的e.g.Sheispessimisticaboutthefuture.

Words&Phrasesdeclarationn.

[C,U]anofficialannouncementthatsth.istrueorhappening

宣言；公告；宣告e.g.1.Theyissuedadeclarationatthecloseofthemeeting.

他們?cè)跁?huì)談結(jié)束時(shí)發(fā)表了聲明。2.Thegovernmentwillissueaformaldeclarationtomorrow.政府將于明天發(fā)布正式聲明。3.Weconsideritadeclarationofwar.

我們把它看成是一種宣戰(zhàn)。Wordfamily:declare

v.

Words&Phrasescomeacross:1)giveaspecifiedimpression

給人（某種）印象e.g.

1.Hecameacrosstomeasbeingquiteaniceperson.

他在我的印象中是一個(gè)挺好的人。2.He'dalwayscomeacrossasadecentsort.他看上去總是像個(gè)正派人。2)meetsomeone,ortofindsomethingbychance

偶然遇見(jiàn)；碰上；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)e.g.IcameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstoreinLondon.

我在倫敦一家舊書(shū)店里發(fā)現(xiàn)了這本書(shū)。Words&Phraseseviln.&a.

1)n.

[U]apowerthatmakespeopledoverybadandcruelthings邪惡；罪惡e.g.Thereistoomuchevilintheworld.

這世上有太多邪惡。2)a.

anevilpersondoesverybadorcruelthings

（人）兇惡的；邪惡的e.g.Heisanevilmanwithevilideas,andleadsanevillife.他是一個(gè)滿腦子惡念的邪惡的人，過(guò)著一種罪惡的生活。Words&Phrasesfaten.

[C]thethingsthathappentosomeone,especiallyunpleasantthings

命運(yùn)；（尤指）厄運(yùn)e.g.1.Iwouldn’twishsuchafateonmyworstenemy就算是我最壞的敵人，我也不希望他遭受這樣的命運(yùn)。2.Nooneknowswhatthefateofthehostageswillbe.

沒(méi)有人知道這些人質(zhì)的命運(yùn)將會(huì)如何。3.Whathadhedonetodeservesuchaterriblefate?

他到底做了什么，竟然面臨這樣悲慘的命運(yùn)？

Words&Phrasesfaten.

[C]thethingsthathappentosomeone,especiallyunpleasantthings

命運(yùn)；（尤指）厄運(yùn)e.g.1.Iwouldn’twishsuchafateonmyworstenemy就算是我最壞的敵人，我也不希望他遭受這樣的命運(yùn)。2.Nooneknowswhatthefateofthehostageswillbe.

沒(méi)有人知道這些人質(zhì)的命運(yùn)將會(huì)如何。3.Whathadhedonetodeservesuchaterriblefate?

他到底做了什么，竟然面臨這樣悲慘的命運(yùn)？

Words&PhrasestheHolocaust

（納粹對(duì)猶太人）大屠殺

TheHolocaustwasthegenocideofapproximatelysixmillionEuropeanJewsduringWorldWarII,aprogrammeofsystematicstate-sponsoredexterminationbyNaziGermanythroughoutNazi-occupiedterritory.Approximatelytwo-thirdsofthepopulationofninemillionJewswhohadresidedinEuropebeforetheHolocaustperished.Thepersecutionandgenocidewerecarriedoutinstages.VariouslegislationtoremovetheJewsfromcivilsociety

wasenactedinNaziGermanyyearsbeforetheoutbreakofWorldWarII.Words&PhrasesConcentrationcampswereestablishedinwhichinmateswereusedasslavelaboruntiltheydiedofexhaustionordisease.EveryarmofNaziGermany'sbureaucracywasinvolvedinthelogisticsthatledtothegenocides,turningtheThirdReichintowhatoneHolocaustscholarhascalled"agenocidalstate".

Words&Phrases13InAugust1944,thehidingplacewasstormed,andNaziofficersarrestedeveryone.Theyweretakentoatransitcampandforcedtodohardlabour.FromtheretheyweretakenbytraintoaconcentrationcampatAuschwitz.Amonthlater,AnneandMargotweremovedtoBergen-BelsencampinGermany.Theybothdiedof

typhusandstarvationinMarch1945.AnneFrankwas15,hersisterwas19.Outoftheeightpeopleinhiding,OttoFrankwastheonly

survivor,andwhenhefoundhisdaughter'sdiaryafterthewar,hearrangedforitspublication

inrecognitionofhercourage.Texttransitcampn