湖南省永州市消浦鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)試題含解析

湖南省永州市消浦鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Ihave$20000andIneed$25000,butmyparentshavepromisedto_______thedifference.

A.workout

B.comeup

C.giveout

D.makeup參考答案：D略2.ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe______someEuropean

partners．A．wouldmeet

B．ismeeting

C．meets D．hadmet參考答案：D3.WecanhardlybelievethatanintelligentpersonlikeDaniel________beaskingsuchasillyquestion.A.should

B.might

C.must

D.could參考答案：A4.Ifyouhaveajob,________yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed．

A．devoting

B．notdevoting

C．dodevote

D．don’tdevote參考答案：c略5.Idon’twanttoburdenyoumyproblems,foryouimportanttasks.

A.about;areburdenedwithB.with;areburdenedwithC.for;burdenwithD.with;areburdenedabout參考答案：B提示:句意為:“我不想增加你的麻煩,因?yàn)槟銚?dān)負(fù)著重任。”burdensb./oneselfwithsth.“加負(fù)擔(dān)于某人/某人自己”;beburdenedwith...“擔(dān)負(fù)著……”。

6.Ifhe

wellforhislessonsyesterday,he

somanydifficultiesnow．

A．prepared；wouldn'thave

B．hadprepared；wouldn'thavehad

C．hadprepared；wouldn'thaveD．prepared；wouldn'thavehad參考答案：C7.Fewpeoplepaidfullattentiontotheirhealthconditions_____theywereseriouslyill.A.when

B.if

C.until

D.before參考答案：C8.Dr.PeterSpence,

headmasteroftheschool,toldus,‘‘

fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”A.不填;A

B.不填;TheC.the;The

D.a;A參考答案：A9.Nowadays,thegraduatewhohasagood_______ofEnglishismorelikelytosucceedinjobhunting.A.request

B.viewC.design

D.command參考答案：DD本題考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，英語(yǔ)好的畢業(yè)生更有可能在尋找工作的過(guò)程中獲勝。command掌握，控制，符合句意。request請(qǐng)求；view見(jiàn)解；design設(shè)計(jì)。10.----Mycat’sreallyfat.---You______havegivenhersomuchfood.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.mustn’t參考答案：C11.Aucklandisamostexcitingcitywithpeopleofmanydifferentcultures_________there.A.live

B.living

C.havinglived

D.lived參考答案：B【分析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。【詳解】句意：Auckland是一個(gè)非常令人興奮的城市有很多不同文化的人生活在那。with+賓語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)橘e語(yǔ)是peopleofmanydifferentcultures和live是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用living。選B。12.Shetriedhardtokeepcalminfaceofthestudents,butthesweatonherforeheadher.

A.gave;away B.turned;downC.showed;out D.shut;off參考答案：A提示:句意:她努力地試圖在學(xué)生面前保持鎮(zhèn)定,但是她前額的汗水使她露了馬腳。giveaway“泄露了真相”;turnsb.down“拒絕某人”;showsb.out“帶某人出去”;shutoff“使隔絕”。

13.Asamatteroffact,generosityisavaluablevirtuetocultivate,whetheryouhappentoberich,poor,orsomewhereinbetween.A.acquireordevelopB.takeadvantageofC.senseorfeelD.takenoticeof參考答案：A14.Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whichwould

runtheriskofbecomingextinct.A.instead

B.therefore

C.nevertheless

D.otherwise參考答案：D15.Inordertofindthemissingchild,villagers________alltheycanoverthepastfivehours.A.do

B.did

C.haddone

D.havebeendoing參考答案：D16.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision________atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemade

B.beingmade

C.made

D.havingbeenmade參考答案：A17.—Howaboutapicnicthisweek?—Soundsfine.Butcanyoubemore________?Withwhomandwhere?A.special

B.specific

C.realistic

D.practical參考答案：B二、新的題型18.CanWeStopFoodLongingThroughImaginaryEating?Areyoufightinganurgetoreachforchocolate?Then,letitmeltinyourmind,notinyourmouth.Accordingtotherecentresearch,imaginingeatingaspecificfoodreducesyourinterestinthatfood,soyoueatlessofit.Thisreactiontorepeatedexposuretofood—beinglessinterestedinsomethingbecauseyou’veexperiencedittoomuch—iscalledhabituation._____36_____Theresearchisthefirsttoshowthathabituationcanoccurthroughthepowerofthemind.“Ifyoujustthinkaboutthefooditself—howittastesandsmells—thatwillincreaseyourappetite,”saidCareyMorewedge,awell-knownpsychologist.“Itmightbebettertoforceyourselftorepeatedlythinkaboutchewingandswallowingthefoodinordertoreduceyourlonging._____37_____Visualizingyourselfeatingchocolatewouldn’tpreventyoufromeatinglotsofcheese,”headded.Morewedgeconductedaninterestingexperiment.51subjectsweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasaskedtoimagineputting30coinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneatingthreechocolates._____38_____Anothergroupwasaskedtoimagineputtingthreecoinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneating30chocolates.Lastly,acontrolgroupimaginedjustputting33coinsintothemachine—withnochocolates._____39_____Whentheysaidtheyhadfinished,theseweretakenawayandweighed.Theresultsshowedthegroupthathadimaginedeating30chocolateseachatefewerofthechocolatesthantheothergroups._____40_____Physicalsignals—thatfullstomachfeeling—areonlypartofwhattellsuswe’vefinishedameal.Theresearchsuggeststhatpsychologicaleffects,suchashabituation,alsoinfluencehowmuchapersoneats.Itmayleadtonewbehavioraltechniquesforpeoplelookingtoeatmorehealthily,orhavecontroloverotherhabits.A.What’smore,thisonlyworkswiththespecificfoodyou’veimagined.B.Peoplewereadvisedtotrydifferentmethodstoperformtheexperiment.C.Forexample,atenthbiteisdesiredlessthanthefirstbite,accordingtothestudy.D.Allofthemthenatefreelyfrombowlscontainingthesameamountofchocolateeach.E.Itmeantthosewhorepeatedlyimaginedeatingwouldconcernaboutsomespecificfood.F.Thisrequiresthesamemotorskillsaseatingsmallchocolatesfromapacket,thestudysays.G.Thisstudyispartoftheresearchlookingintowhatmakesuseatmorethanweactuallyneed.參考答案：36.C

37.A

38.F

39.D

40.G本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了心理因素對(duì)人們飲食數(shù)量的影響，例如“habituation”?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)橫線前面一句“Thisreactiontorepeatedexposuretofood—beinglessinterestedinsomethingbecauseyou’veexperiencedittoomuch—iscalledhabituation”可知當(dāng)我們多次接觸到某一食物的時(shí)候，我們對(duì)它的興趣就會(huì)減少，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)熟悉了它。本句是對(duì)這一理論的舉例說(shuō)明，C項(xiàng)“Forexample,atenthbiteisdesiredlessthanthefirstbite,accordingtothestudy.”與前面一句相吻合，故選擇C項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】根據(jù)橫線后面一句“Visualizingyourselfeatingchocolatewouldn’tpreventyoufromeatinglotsofcheese”可知想象自己吃巧克力的樣子不會(huì)阻止你吃奶酪。也就是說(shuō)我們要想象自己吃某種具體的食物，這樣才會(huì)減少你對(duì)這種食物的渴望。A項(xiàng)“What’smore,thisonlyworkswiththespecificfoodyou’veimagined.”恰好與此吻合，故選擇A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段前面兩句“Morewedgeconductedaninterestingexperiment.51subjectsweredividedintothreegroups.”可知研究人員對(duì)此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分組研究。第一組的研究對(duì)象被要求想象把30個(gè)硬幣扔進(jìn)洗衣機(jī)，然后想象吃了3個(gè)巧克力。這和從口袋里拿出巧克力來(lái)吃有類似的運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)技巧，所以研究人員才會(huì)這樣開(kāi)展研究。F項(xiàng)“Thisrequiresthesamemotorskillsaseatingsmallchocolatesfromapacket,thestudysays.”與上下文語(yǔ)境一致，故F項(xiàng)正確。【39題詳解】根據(jù)本段最后一句“Theresultsshowedthegroupthathadimaginedeating30chocolateseachatefewerofthechocolatesthantheothergroups.”可知在這些人吃完以后，進(jìn)行稱重。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)想象每次吃了30個(gè)巧克力的人實(shí)際上吃了最少。也就是說(shuō)在他們實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束以后，會(huì)讓他們自由地吃巧克力。D項(xiàng)“Allofthemthenatefreelyfrombowlscontainingthesameamountofchocolateeach.”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故選擇D項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】根據(jù)本段第三句“Theresearchsuggeststhatpsychologicaleffects,suchashabituation,alsoinfluencehowmuchapersoneats.”可知本次研究說(shuō)明心理方面的因素會(huì)影響人們吃的東西的量。由此可見(jiàn)這個(gè)研究是關(guān)于人們飲食數(shù)量的話題。G項(xiàng)“Thisstudyispartoftheresearchlookingintowhatmakesuseatmorethanweactuallyneed.”符合中心思想，故選擇G項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解19.Onethingthetourbooksdon’ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Theyranawayfromthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.“Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,”saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork’sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry’slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(駝鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyon(捕食)pigeons.Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970spollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbs.Inaddition,urbanwildliferefuges(避難處)havebeencreated.TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent￡750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.OneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.

Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings(懸崖棲息地).By1970thebirdshaddiedouteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothintosupportlife.Thatyear,scientistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganraisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfood.Citiescanattractwildanimalswithoutturningthemharmful.Thetrickistocreatehabitatswheretheycanbeself-sufficientbutstillbeseenandappreciated.Suchhabitatscanevenbefunctional.InSanFrancisco,thelocalgovernmentistestingdifferentkindsofrainwatercontrolbasinstoseenotonlywhichonesretain(保持)thecleanestwaterbutwhichwillattractthemostbirds.61.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat________.

A.environmentiscrucial（關(guān)鍵的）forwildlifeB.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformationC.LondonisacityoffoxD.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonthatwildlifeisreturningtothecities?A.Foodisplentifulinthecities. B.Wildlifeisappreciatedinthecities.C.WildliferefugeshavebeenbuiltinthecitiesD.Airandwaterqualityhasimprovedinthecities63.Theunderlinedword“tallied”inPara.2means__________.A.distinguished B.described C.counted D.concluded64.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.A.Londonersareputtingmoreandmorewildanimalsintotheirzoos.B.LondonersarehappytoseewildanimalsreturntotheircityC.LondonersaretryingtomovewildanimalsbacktothecountrysideD.Londonershavewelcomedthewildbirds,butfoundfoxesaproblem65.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Wildlifereturningtolargecities B.FoxesreturningtoLondonC.Wildanimalslivinginzoos D.AsurveyofwildlifeinNewYork參考答案：ABCBA

【考點(diǎn)】考察新聞?lì)惗涛拈喿x【文章大意】本文主要講述了野生動(dòng)物返回城市生活的現(xiàn)象，文章中分析了這一現(xiàn)象的具體原因。61.A【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.可知環(huán)境變好是動(dòng)物返回到城市的主要原因。故A正確。62.B【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970spollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbs.Inaddition,urbanwildliferefuges(避難處)havebeencreated.TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent￡750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanent