讀寫譯(倉(cāng)蘭菊)Unit 11 Public Security

PracticalEnglishforMasterStudentsinEngineering:Reading,WritingandTranslationPublicSecurityUnit11Unit7:PartOne-Reading

Pre-readingActivities

TopicPreview

Watch&Practice

VocabularyPreview

Text

GeneralUnderstanding

LanguageFocus

Translation

Post-readingActivities

WatchandPractice

In-classDiscussionPre-readingActivitiesI.Topicpreview:BrainstormonthetermsofpublicsecurityTipsCivilstrifeandTerrorism;Wars,RiotsandTerroristActsNaturalHazards:Fires&Floods,Winds,Hurricane,Tornados,EarthquakesHomelandsecurityTechnologicalfailuresHumanerrorsUseofprivacyCivilprotectionThreatstopersonalprivacyAccesstosensitiveinformationbecontrolledAccesstopersonalInformationandsecurityPre-readingActivitiesPublicsecurityPublicsecurityisthefunctionofgovernmentswhichensurestheprotectionofcitizens,organizations,andinstitutionsagainstthreatstotheirwell-being–andtotheprosperityoftheircommunities.Definition1.Whatkindofsecuritychecksdoyourhavetogothroughatairportwhenyouaretravellingbyair?2.Howwill/shouldpeoplepreparetheircarry-onbagiftheyareabouttotravelbyair?3.Doyouthinkthesecuritymeasurestakenatairportscanstopterroristsfromtakingbombontoapassagerplane?Pre-readingActivitiesInpairsorsmallgroups,discussthequestionsbelowandtakenotes.Afterthediscussion,pleasesummarize.II.Watch&Practice

Pre-readingActivitiesWatchthevideo“RichardQuest,CNN”andfilltheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.II.Watch&PracticeWordsandExpressions.nightmaren.veryfrighteningandunpleasantsituationtoiletries(pl)n.thingsused

towashortakecareofyourbody,e.g.soapandtoothpasteliterallyad.emphasizethatwhatyouaresayingistrue.conveyorbeltn.傳送帶SpotdicatationThisnewsituation1.________tobeanightmarefortravelers.Alreadyyouarehavingtoputshoesontheconveyorbelt,then

ofcoursethisislittle

baggiewithyourtoiletries.Ifthatisnotenough,youare2.______ofcourse,bags,somebriefcasesaswellasinsomecaseslateron.You‘vegottoputthebigbagon3.________.Andnowyouarehaving

to4._______

yourlaptopandallsortsofotherelectronicdevices.JustimagineI’vegotmylaptop,myblackberry.I‘vegotmyiphone,myipadwhichofcourse

works.I’vegotmykey-boardtwo

batteries.Andallofsudden,literally,theiphoneisoutof5.______.AndstillnowI'vegottoworkoutwhattodoaboutthis.HowdoImanagetoeitherquicklyoutof6._______.AndstillnowI‘vegottoworkoutwhattodoaboutthis.HowdoImanagetoeitherquickly7.

withabitofthissothatIcanstilltakeitontheplane?OrdoIhavetoleaveitbehindandsenditforwardby8..

Andmeanwhiletheconveyorbelt9.

goingandmorepassengerskeepcomingalongandyounowhavegotyourbag,yourbriefcases,allyourelectronics,andifyouarereally10

youmightjustgetontheplanewiththemall.Spotdicatation(key)Thisnewsituation1.promisestobea

nightmarefortravelers.Alreadyyouarehavingtoputshoesontheconveyorbelt,thenofcoursethisislittle

baggiewithyourtoiletries.Ifthatisnotenough,youare2.adding,ofcourse,bags,somebriefcasesaswellasinsomecaseslateron.You'vegottoputthebigbagon3.aswell.Andnowyouare

havingto4.switchonyourlaptopandallsortsofotherelectronicdevices.JustimagineI'vegotmylaptop,myblackberry.I'vegotmyiphone,myipadwhichofcourse

works.I'vegotmykey-boardtwo5.sparebatteries.Andallofsudden,literally,theiphoneisoutof6.use.AndstillnowI'vegottoworkoutwhattodoaboutthis.HowdoImanagetoeitherquickly

7.chargeitupwithabitofthissothatIcanstilltakeitontheplane?OrdoIhavetoleaveitbehindandsenditforwardby8.posts.Andmeanwhiletheconveyorbelt9.keeps

goingandmorepassengerskeepcomingalongandyounowhavegotyourbag,yourbriefcases,allyourelectronics,andifyouarereally10.lucky

youmightjustgetontheplanewiththemall.Questions:

1.Whatdothescenestellyou?2.Whatkindofimplicationyougetfromthem?Pre-readingActivitiesA.Readeachofthesentencesbelow.Choosetheanswerthatisclosesttothemeaningoftheitalicized

wordineachsentence.III.VocabularyPreview_______1.detector

_______3.impose_______security _______proceed_______terrorist _______dominate_______2.fingerprint

_______4.civil_______expenditure _______solid_______collabration _______vulnerable

bacccbbacbaaPre-readingActivitiesB.Fillintheblankswiththeitalicized

wordsfromthepreviousexercise.Changethewordformifnecessary.III.VocabularyPreview____________ 7.________________________ 8.___________3.___________ 9.____________4.____________ 10.____________5.____________ 11.____________6.___________ 12.____________dominate

vulnerableFingerprintsimpose

expendituredetectorsolidcivilsecurityproceedcollaborationterroriststsSecurityResearchisGainingImportance

ByBirgitNiesingText:GeneralUnderstandingI.ReasonsforastricterairportsecuritycheckII. ResponsesofUSA,EU,Germany

III. CluesthatsecuritysystemisbecomingalineofbusinessThestructureoftheTextPara.1-3Para.4-5Paras.6I. Reasonsforastricterairportsecuritycheck

1.9/11attack

2.changeofmenace

USA:DepartmentofHomelandSecurity,

incresedexpenditure

EU:

1.4billioneuroinsecurityresearchbetween2007and2013

Germany:interdisplinaryreserchcollaborations,first-evercross-departmentprogram,123millionfinancesupport

◆sGeneralUnderstandingII.ResponsesofUSA,EU,GermanyIII. Cluesthatsecuritysystemisbecomingalineofbusiness....

GeneralUnderstanding1.FrancoFrattini:Europeshouldnotmerelybeaconsumerbutalsoaproducerofsuchtechnology.2.Themarketforsecuritysystemshasbeensteadilygrowing.3.TheworldwidegrowthrateliesataroundseventoeightpercentBiggestthreats:1.Oursocietyisvulnerabletoallmannerofviolentattacksbyextremistgroups.2.Threattocriticalinfrastructureandkeyresourcessuchasdrinkingwaterandelectricitysupplies,industrialplant,nuclearreactorss,andtransportationandtelecommunicationnetworks.GeneralUnderstandingChoosethebestanswerforthefollowing.

You'llneedtotellthe________guardifyouwanttoworklateintheoffice. a.secure

b.security

c.safe

d.safety

Bothofthemrefusedtotakealie_________test.

a.

delete b.dete

ct

c.detector

d.detective

b.Hightaxeshaverecentlybeen__________onalcohol.

a.deposited

b.stepped

c.accessed

d.imposed4Thesuspects'__________wereallovergun.a.detectorsb.fingerprintsc.printsd.fingers123GeneralUnderstandingChoosethebestanswerforthefollowing.

We'llnotmarryinchurch.We'llhavea__________ceremonyinregistryoffice. a.local b.religious

c.governmental d.civil

The__________onthisprojecthasbeenenormous. a.expenditure

b.experience

c.esposure d.excitation7Theyreceived___________supportfromtheirteammates.a.terrorb.pursuitc.solidd.sophisticated

8Youshouldbeespeciallycarefulwithyoungpeoplewhoappearparticularly__________.a.vulnerableb.dominantc.secured.civil

56SecurityResearchisGainingImportance

ByBirgitNiesingSuicidebombings,terroristattacks,forestfires,hurricanes,flooddisasters,avianflu,organizedcrime–thesecurityofWesternsocietyhasbeenthreatenedinanew,complexwayinrecentyears.Moderntechnologycanhelptodetectpotentialrisksatanearlystageandprovideameansofcoordinatingactionintheeventofamajordisaster.LanguageFocusTranslation1. Beeep!Themetaldetectorhasfoundsomethingsuspicious.Thesecurityguardtakesthewaitingairlinepassengerasideandperformsabodychecktosearchforconcealedweapons.“Wouldyoupleasetakeyourshoesoff,”theuniformedofficerdemands,andthenproceedstometiculouslyexaminethepassenger’sblackleathershoes.Meanwhile,thelineofpassengerswaitingtopassthroughthesecuritygategrowslongerandlonger.Everypassengerhastotakeofftheirjacket,emptytheirpocketsofloosecoins,billfoldsandkeys,andevenremovethebeltholdinguptheirtrousers.Alloftheseitemsaredepositedinaplastictray.Afterthat,thepassenger’shandbaggageisopened,thelaptopistakenoutofpleasedescribeyourexperiencesatthecheckpoints,ifanyLanguageFocusTranslationitscarryingcase,andtheregulatoryclearplastictoiletbagcontainingtoothpaste,showergel,bodylotionandshampooispresentedforinspection.Allthishastobedonebeforethenextpassengercanpassthroughthemetaldetector.2.

Anyonewhotravelsbyaircan’tavoidnoticingthatairportsecuritycheckshavebeensteppedupconsiderablyinrecentyears.GovernmentauthoritiesandairlineshaveimposedevenstrictercontrolssinceSeptember11,2001,andlastyear’sfortunatelyfoiled,plannedattacksontransatlanticflightsbyterroristscarryingliquidexplosives.TheUSAhasimposedparticularlydraconiansecuritymeasures:now,anyonewantingtotraveltotheUnitedStateshastohavetheirfingerprintsrecorded.LanguageFocusTranslation3.9/11wastheturningpointthatmadeitdramaticallyclearhowthenatureofthethreatsfacingoursocietyhaschanged.Inthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,

worldsecuritywasdominatedbythestandoffbetweentwomajormilitarypowers,NATOandtheWarsawPact.NowthattheColdWarisover,thismenacehasbeenreplacedbyamultiplicityoflesseasilydefinedthreats.

SuicidebombershaveparalyzedtheentirepublictransportationnetworkinLondon,NewOrleanswasalmostwipedoffthemapbysevereflooding,virusescapableofinfectingthepopulationwithsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)werespreadaroundtheglobebypassengeraircraftinamatterofhours.Present-daysocietyneedstoprotectitselfagainstterroristattacks,industrialaccidents,andpandemics.LanguageFocusTranslationThisnolongercallsforapurelymilitaryresponse.Thereisanincreasingneedforcivilprotectionmeasures.4.

TheUSArespondedtothenewdemandsbycreatingaDepartmentofHomelandSecurity.Atthesametime,thenation’sexpenditureonsecurityresearchandrelatedtechnologieswassignificantlyincreased.SecurityresearchhasalsobeengivengreaterpriorityinEuropeanresearchprograms.ItisanimportantelementintheEU’s7thFrameworkProgramme.TheEuropeanUnionintendstoinvestatotalof1.4billioneurosinsecurityresearchbetween2007and2013.LanguageFocusTranslationbuilding-uptoargument?5.

Germanyhasasolidbasis,butnotyetanysystematicandstrategicresearchspecificallyfocusingoncivilprotection.Thissituationisabouttochange.Newinterdisciplinaryresearchcollaborationsarebeinglaunched,andtheGermangovernmenthasapprovedthecreationofthefirst-evercross-departmentalprogramofsecurityresearch.TheGermanresearchministryhassetaside123millioneurostofinancetheprogramoverthenextfouryears.NationalsecurityresearchalsofeaturesprominentlyintheGermangovernment’shigh-techstrategy.

6.Theincreasedneedforsecurityisonlyoneofthereasonsbehindthisextensivefunding.SafetyandsecuritysystemsarerapidlyLanguageFocusTranslationevidencestosupporttheargument?developingintoanimportantlineofbusinessforresearchandindustry.FrancoFrattini,theEUCommissionerforJustice,FreedomandSecurity,insiststhatEuropeshouldnotmerelybeaconsumerbutalsoaproducerofsuchtechnology.ThemarketforsecuritysystemsandassociatedservicesinGermanyalonewasworth10billioneurosin2005,andhasbeensteadilygrowingsince.Theworldwidegrowthrateliesataroundseventoeightpercent.“Oursocietyisvulnerabletoallmannerofviolentattacksbyextremistgroups.statesProfessorKlausThoma,chairmanoftheFraunhoferDefenseandSecurityAlliance,describingthepresent-daychallenges.Thebiggestthreatisthattocriticalinfrastructureandkeyresourcessuchasdrinkingwaterandelectricitysupplies,industrialplant,nuclearreactors,and

LanguageFocusTranslationtransportationandtelecommunicationnetworks.Breakdownsatsuchneuralgicpointscanhavedramaticconsequences,regardlessofwhethertheyarecausedbyhumanerror,terroristattacksornaturalforces.LanguageFocusTranslationpleaseuderlinethefirstandthelastlineofeachparagraphandexaminehowideasconnected?coordinatev:Meaning:tomakevariousdifferentthingsworkeffectivelyasawholeExamples:Weneedmorepowerfulpeopletocoordinatethewholecampaign.Anumberofcharityorganizationsarecoordiatingtheireffortstodistributefoodtotheregion.1.Sheilahasbeenaskedto

themarketingteam.2.

Sheilahasbeenasked

to

KevinandJason.

3.Sheilahasbeenaskedto

KevinandJason.4.Sheilahasbeenaskedto

themarketingteam.Completethesentenceswithwordsinthecolumn.Changetheformwhennecessary.

coordinate

coordinatewith

coordinatewithcoordinatecoordinatewithcoordinateproceedv:Meaning(par.1):(slightlyformal)tocontinueasplannedExamples:Hislawyershavemadeuptheirmindsnottoproceedwiththecase.PreparationsforChristmasarenowproceedingsmoothly.depositev:Meaning(par.2):tohavesomethingsomewhereExamples:Thefloodwatersfell,depositingmudoverthevillage.Thebusdepositedmemilesbeforemydestination.Theparrotdeposits(=puts)hereggsinotherbirds'nests.Idepositedmybackpackinalockeratthestation.stepupMeaning(par.2):toincreasethesize,amountorspeedofaprocessthatisintendedtoachievesomethingExamples:Thegovernmentissteppingupitseffortstofightcrime.Afterthebombexplosion,securityhasbeensteppedupateveryairport.draconiana:Meaning(par.3):describinglaws,governmentactions,etc.whichareextremelysevere;goingfurtherthanwhatisrightornecessaryExamples:draconianlaws/methodsHecriticizedthedraconianmeasurestakenbythepoliceindealingwiththedemonstrators.(Para.3)…andlastyear'sfortunatelyfoiled,plannedattacksontransatlanticflightsbyterroristscarryingliquidexplosives.Meaning:…fortunatelylastyear'splannedattackswithliquidexplosivesbyterroristswerepreventedfrombeingsuccessfullycarriedout.foilv:Meaning:topreventsomeoneorsomethingformbeingsuccessfulExamples:Theprisoners'attemptstoescapewasfoiledatthelastminutewhenpolicereceivedatip-off(asecretwarningorpieceofsecretinformation)(Para.3)…worldsecuritywasdominatedbythestandoffbetweentwomajormilitarypowers,NATOandtheWarsawPact.NowthattheColdWarisover,thismenacehasbeenreplacedbyamultiplicityoflesseasilydefinedthreats.Meaning:…ThesecuritywascontrolledbythecoldwarbetweenNATOandWarsawPact,i.e.thetwomilitarypowers.Asthecoldwarisovernow,thethreatwearefacingnowisbecomingdifficulttodefine.dominatev:Meaning:tohavecontroloveraplaceoraperson,ortobethemostimportantpersonorthingExamples:Herefusestoletothersspeakanddominateseverymeeting.Theyworkasagroup---nooneisallowedtodominate.

standoffn:Meaning:asituationinwhichneitheroftwoopposinggroupsorforceswillmakeamoveuntiltheotheronedoessomething,sonothingcanhappenuntiloneofthemgiveswayExamples:TheStateDepartmentwaswarningthatthiscouldleadtoanotherdiplomaticstand-off.

Thereisnosignofanendtothestand-offbetweenMohawkIndiansandtheQuebecprovincialpoliceamultiplicityof:Meaning:alargenumberorwiderange(ofsomething)Examples:Thereisamultiplicityoffashionmagazinestochoosefrom.Meaning(par.4):1.somethingthatyouthinkismoreimportantthanotherthingsandshouldbedealtwithfirst

Examples:ahigh/lowpriorityEducationisatoppriority.Financialsecuritywashighonhislistofpriorities.2.priority(oversomething)themostimportantplaceamongvariousthingsthathavetobedoneoramongagroupofpeopleSynonym:

precedenceClubmemberswillbegivenpriority.Thesearchforanewvaccinewilltakepriorityoverallothermedicalresearch.priorityn.Meaning(para.5):(slightlyformal)toincludesomeoneorsomethingasanimportantpart.Examples:ThefilmfeaturesJamesDeanasadisaffectedteenager.Thisweek’sbroadcastfeaturesareportonvictimsofdomesticviolence.It’sanAustraliancompanywhoselogofeaturesaredkangaroo.featuren.Meaning(para.6)thekindofjobsomeonedoesExamples:“Whatlineofworkareyouin?”“Iamateacher.”Youmeetsomeveryinterestingpeopleinmylineofbusiness.Linen.Breakdownsatsuchneuralgicpointscanhaveadramaticconsequences,regardlessofwhethertheyarecausedbyhumanerrors,terroristattacksornaturalforces.(Para.6)Meaning:Anyproblemsoccurredatthisimportantpointswillcausegreatconsequences,regardlessofwhethertheyarecausedbyhumanerrors,terroristattacksornaturalforces.neuralgicpoints:importantpoints,vulnerablepointsWordBuildingSuffix“-less”

usedtoformadjectivesmeaning“without”whenaddedtonounsandverbs.“-ate”formingadjectivesroughlyequivalenttocorrespondingpastprinciplesending;suffixofverbs.“-ary”adjectivesuffix,relatingto,connectedwith.“-ous”formingadjectives,characterizedby;ofthenatureofbyaddingtonouns,adjectives,andverbs.“-ful”formingadjectivesfromnouns,fullof,characterizedby,having,havingthequalitiesof,havingtheabilityortendencyto.

WordBuildingExercise1:(p.215)NounAdj.Noun/verbAdjhonorcollegiateelementconsiderstationaryillegitimatepricejoyvaluelessdangerworthpowerstationvaluecollegeillegitinacyhonoraryelementary

pricelessworthlesspowerfuldangerousjoyousconsideratecarecarelesssuccesssuccessfulTranslation:(Para.1)

1.滴滴滴，金屬探測(cè)器發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些可疑的東西。保安人員把等待飛機(jī)的乘客帶到一邊，準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)行身體檢查來(lái)搜尋藏匿的武器?！罢?qǐng)把你的鞋子脫掉。穿制服的官員說道，接著開始認(rèn)真地檢查乘客的黑色皮鞋。這時(shí)，等待通過安檢門的乘客的隊(duì)伍越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。每一位乘客都必須脫下外套、清空口袋里的零錢、錢包和鑰匙，甚至解掉褲子的皮帶。所有這些東西都存放在個(gè)塑料托盤里。然后，要求乘客打開行李箱，取出筆記本電腦，拿出裝有牙膏、沐浴露、洗發(fā)水、乳液等洗漱用品的透明塑料袋以供檢查。進(jìn)行完所有這一切才能進(jìn)行下一位乘客的檢查。日益重要的公共安全研究Translation:(Para.2&3)

2.飛機(jī)乘客都會(huì)注意到機(jī)場(chǎng)安檢在最近幾年已經(jīng)大大加強(qiáng)了。自從2001年9月11日以及有人去年攜帶液體炸彈企圖襲擊大西洋航程的恐怖計(jì)劃被挫敗之后，美國(guó)政府當(dāng)局和航空公司實(shí)行了更嚴(yán)格的管制。美國(guó)實(shí)行了更為嚴(yán)格的安全措施：現(xiàn)在任何想前往美國(guó)的旅客都必須留下指紋記錄。3.9/11事件是一個(gè)重大的轉(zhuǎn)折，它使得我們所面臨的威脅的性質(zhì)發(fā)生了明顯的改變。20世紀(jì)下半葉，世界安全主要由兩大軍事力量

(北約和華約）來(lái)主導(dǎo)?，F(xiàn)在冷戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)結(jié)束，取而代之的是Translation:(Para.3&4)

難以界定的多重威脅。自殺式炸彈使得倫敦整個(gè)公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)癱瘓，洪水幾乎在地圖上抹去了新奧爾良

，SARS病毒（嚴(yán)重急性呼吸道綜合癥）以客機(jī)乘客為媒介在數(shù)小時(shí)內(nèi)傳遍全球。當(dāng)今社會(huì)必須學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己以免遭受恐怖襲擊、工業(yè)事故以及流行病的打擊。當(dāng)今的公共安全已經(jīng)不僅僅需要單純的軍事行動(dòng)，更需要的是加強(qiáng)民事保護(hù)措施。4.因運(yùn)而生的是美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部。與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)明顯增加了安全研究及相關(guān)技術(shù)的支出。在歐洲，安全研究計(jì)劃也得到了更高等級(jí)的優(yōu)先權(quán)，這成為歐盟第七框架計(jì)劃的重要組成部分。歐盟打算從2007到2013年在安全研究上投資14億歐元。Translation:(Para.5&6)

5.德國(guó)在這方面擁有堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，雖然還沒有注重公民保護(hù)方面的系統(tǒng)性和戰(zhàn)略性的研究，但情況很快將會(huì)改變。德國(guó)開始著手跨學(xué)科的合作研究，德國(guó)政府已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)創(chuàng)建首項(xiàng)跨部門安全研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目。德國(guó)研究部已經(jīng)撥出1.23億歐元來(lái)資助未來(lái)4年的研究計(jì)劃。同時(shí)德國(guó)把國(guó)家安全研究作為德國(guó)政府的高科技戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。6.對(duì)公共安全需求的增加只是這些巨資背后的原因之一。安全保障體系迅速發(fā)展成為重要的商業(yè)和工業(yè)研究領(lǐng)域。歐盟正義自由安全委員會(huì)委員弗朗科·弗拉蔕尼堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為歐洲不應(yīng)僅僅只是Translation:(Paras.6)

消費(fèi)集團(tuán)，而且也應(yīng)該是這些技術(shù)的制造者。僅在德國(guó)，安全系統(tǒng)和相關(guān)服務(wù)在2005年就有100億歐元的投資，而且現(xiàn)在還在穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)。在全球，公共安全研究增長(zhǎng)率大約是7到8個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。德國(guó)國(guó)防和安全聯(lián)盟主席克勞斯·托馬教授在談到我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)說：“我們的社會(huì)很容易受到極端主義團(tuán)伙的暴力襲擊?！弊畲蟮耐{是對(duì)像飲用水、電力供應(yīng)、工業(yè)廠房、核反應(yīng)堆以及交通和通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)這樣的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和關(guān)鍵資源的打擊。無(wú)論這些危機(jī)是人為失誤、恐怖襲擊抑或自然災(zāi)害造成的，在這些社會(huì)敏感點(diǎn)出了問題將會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。Post-readingActivitiesWatchthevideoclipentitled“AirlineBodyScannersFaulty?”anddothefollowingexercises.I.WatchandPracticeWordsandExpressionssophisticateda.精密的,高級(jí)的scann.掃瞄controversiala.有爭(zhēng)議的TSAn.美國(guó)運(yùn)輸安全局pickupv.識(shí)別,發(fā)現(xiàn)detectv.發(fā)現(xiàn)Post-readingActivitiesI.WatchandPracticeGiveabriefanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.1)HowdoestheUSA-madebodyscanmachinesdetecthiddenweaponsandexplosives?2)Arethesedeviceseffectiveorineffective?Andwhy?3)WhatdidTSAcommentaboutthebodyscanmachine?Post-readingActivitiesI.WatchandPracticeSuggestedanswers:1)Theyusedradiofrequenciestoscanforhiddenweaponsandexplosives.2)Ineffective.Becausetherearefalsealarms49%ofthetime,andthemachinescan'tdistinguishbetweenbodysweatexplosivesorthepleatsinatraveller'spantsandanunderwearbomb.3)Themachinesarethebestthey'vegotfornow.Andsincelastyear,thetechnologyhasdetectedmorethan300dangerousorillegalitemsonairportpassengers,fortunatelynoexplosives,mostlydrugsandknives.Post-readingActivitiesListentothereportandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhaveheard.II.ListeningPracticeWordsandExpressionscoalitionn.EncyclopediaWikipedian.lawsuitn.surveillancen.constitutionala.sweepupv.聯(lián)盟維基百科訴訟盯梢,監(jiān)督憲法的清掃

Acoalitionoflegaladvocacyandhumanrights

intheUnitedStates,includingthe

oftheon-lineencyclopediaWikipediahavebroughtafederallawsuitagainstmasssurveillanceoperation

bythecountry'sintelligenceservices.GaryO'DonoghuereportsfromWashington."Thelawsuitallegesthatthe

violatedAmericans'constitutionalrighttofreedomofspeechbysweepingupalltext-based

inanattempttotrackterroristcommunications.ThefounderofWikipediaJimmyWalessaidsuchsurveillanceerodedtheoriginal

ofInternet,whichshedescribedasanopenspacefor

,andexperimentation,andaplace

fear.TheNSAisfacedaplatteroflegalcasesevensinceitsformercontractorEdwardSnowden

thousandsofdocuments

theAgency'sactivities.AspokesmanfortheJusticeDepartmentsaidonlythatitwasreviewingthecase."

Acoalitionoflegaladvocacyandhumanrightsgroups

intheUnitedStates,includingthe

founder

oftheon-lineencyclopediaWikipediahavebroughtafederallawsuitagainstmasssurveillanceoperations

carriedoutbythecountry'sintelligenceservices.GaryO'DonoghuereportsfromWashington."ThelawsuitallegesthattheNationalSecurityAgencyviolated

Americans'constitutionalrighttofreedomofspeechbysweepingupalltext-basedcommunications

inanattempttotrackterroristcommunications.ThefounderofWikipediaJimmyWalessaidsuchsurveillanceerodedtheoriginalpromise

ofInternet,whichshedescribedasanopenspacefor

collaboration,andexperimentation,andaplace

freefromfear.TheNSAisfacedaplatteroflegalcasesevensinceitsformercontractorEdwardSnowdenleaked

thousandsofdocumentsdetailing

theAgency'sactivities.AspokesmanfortheJusticeDepartmentsaidonlythatitwasreviewingthecase."Post-readingActivities

RolePlay(Argueoverpublicsecurityandprivacy)YouaresupposedtobeDepartmentofHomelandSecurity,civilian,pulicsecurerityresearcher,airportsecuritypersonnel,civilrightsactivists,etc.(10minutes)Thefollowingquestionsmighthelp:Wherewilllinesbedrawnforissuesregardingsecuritycheckandhumanrights?III.HorizenBroadeningPost-readingActivities

RolePlay(Argueoverpublicsecurityandprivacy)ShouldAmericansbeworriedabouttheNationalSecurityAgency's

DataCollection?Doyouthink

currentconcernoverterrorismjustifiedsacrificingprivacy?Whatisyourpositiononhowwouldonegoaboutfindingterrorists?Shouldgovernmentbeallowedtobemoreintrusiveinordertoprotectusfromtheterroristthreats?III.HorizenBroadeningPost-readingActivities

Video(inyoursparetime,pleasewatch)Citizenfour,Snowden,andtheSurveillanceState（"第四公民”：斯諾登直播'‘棱鏡門’始末）III.HorizenBroadeningQuizTranslation9/11事件之后，民事保護(hù)問題成為一個(gè)重要問題?，F(xiàn)代社會(huì)面臨著更加復(fù)雜、更加難以界定的威脅：自殺式爆炸，恐怖襲擊，森林大火，颶風(fēng)，水災(zāi)及禽流感。因此，安檢儀器設(shè)備急待開發(fā)研究，以適應(yīng)嚴(yán)峻的安全問題。歐美各國(guó)已投入大量資金，對(duì)安檢設(shè)備的研制進(jìn)行財(cái)政支持。顯而易見，安全保障體系正在迅速發(fā)展成為重要的商業(yè)和工業(yè)的研究領(lǐng)域。KeyAfter9/11attack,civilprotectionhasbecomeanextremelyimportantissue.Oursocietiesareconfrontedwithmorecomplexandlesseasilydefinedthreatslikesuicidebombings,terroristattacks,forestfires,hurricanes,flooddisasters,avianflu.Therefore,itisaveryurgenttaskforustodevelopdevicesandequipmentforsecuritycontroltomeettheneedofsecurityissues.AmericaandEuropeancountries