湖北2013年高考英語試卷

絕密★啟用前2013年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（湖北卷）英語本試題卷共16頁，81題。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马棧?.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。用統(tǒng)一提供的2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用統(tǒng)一提供的2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。3.完成句子和短文寫作題的作答：用統(tǒng)一提供的簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15．B.￡9.15．C.￡9.18．答案：B1.Whydoesn’tJohngotoschooltoday?A.It’stheweekend.B.He’stootiredforschool.C.Hisschooliscloseddown.2.Whatwillthemandotomorrowmorning?A.GiveFrankabath.B.CookFrankameal.C.TakeFranktoavet.3.Whatisthemalespeaker?A.Astudent.B.Apresident.C.Aprofessor.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thedoorisunlocked.B.Heisnottheonetoblame.C.Somebodyhasjustleftthelab.5.Onwhichflooristhewoman’sapartment?A.Thesecond.B.Thefourth.C.Thesixth.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Heistoobusytowait.B.Hecannotfindhispills.C.Hehasapaininhisback.7.WhydoesDoctorGreenbreaktherulefortheman?A.Heisverypolite.B.Heisgoingonavacation.C.Heisunabletoaffordafullcheckup.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthewomancall?A.Toofferajob.B.Toraisemoney.C.Tomakeanappointment.9.Whereisthemanexpectedtogotomorrow?A.Theagency.B.GrandHotel.C.TheCityHall.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenaskedabouttheofferpriceofherflat?A.Stressed.B.Uncertain.C.Embarrassed.11.Whatisthegreatestadvantageofthewoman’sflat?A.Itssize.B.Itscondition.C.Itslocation.12.Whowillthewomanconsultlater?A.Heragent.B.Herhusband.C.Herneighbour.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhoisAlexander?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’shost.C.Thewoman’scook.14.Whatextradishistobeprepared?A.Fish.B.Steak.C.Shrimps.15.Whathappenedinthewoman’sdepartmentlastyear?A.Itfacedariskofbeingshutdown.B.Itintroducedanewsystem.C.Itfiredasalesmanager.16.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthepreparationforthedinner?A.Heiscritical.B.Heispractical.C.Heisenthusiastic.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutDavidMellor’seyes?A.Theyarered.B.Theyaresmall.C.Theyareround.18.WhatisspecialaboutDavidMellor’smouth?A.Verybig.B.Ratherflat.C.Abitraised.19.WhatdoesDavidMelloralwaysdobeforehebeginsaspeech?A.Smoothshismoustache.B.Clearshisthroat.C.Biteshislips.20.WhatkindofpersonisDavidMelloraccordingtothespeaker?A.Gentleandugly.B.Humorousandaggressive.C.Well-knownandfunny-looking.

第二部分：詞匯知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：多項選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir_____andweaknesses．A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values答案：A21.alackofsenseofbelonging.A.perspective B.priority C.participationD.privilege22.Carbondioxide,whichmakesa______betweenusandthesun,preventsheatfromgettingoutoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearthisbecomingwarmer.A.difference B.comparison C.connection D.barrier23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrifice B.substitute C.simplify D.survive24.Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associate B.dispute C.negotiate D.register25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryon B.feedon C.puton D.focuson26.Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setaside B.setdown C.setoff D.setup27.Peoplecomplainthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften______ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.A.appropriate B.conscious C.arbitrary D.controversial28.Hedidn’tselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemadea______contributiontohelpthecommunity.A.commercial B.generous C.comparable D.profitable29.Don’tdefendhimanymore.It’sobviousthathe______destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily30.Anartistwhowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered______alonglostantiqueGreekvase.A.atrandom B.bychance C.inturn D.onoccasion第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Zigfried,alittlemouse,blewhisbreathonthefrostywindowofthefarmhouseandrubbedittoseetheoutside.Stillnobodycame.Maybetoday,hethought31.ItwasonlyafewdaysbeforeChristmasandhewaswatchingforamiracle(奇跡).Thisfarmhousehadbeen32toolong.Itneededafamily.Zigfried’s33madeanoise.Herealizedthathehadn’teatenanythingsinceyesterday.Hejumpedfromthewindowsill(窗沿),grabbeda34fromhishome,andwentnextdoortoFarmerMike’s.FarmerMike’shousehadbeenagreatplaceforthelittlemouse35thefarmermarriedawifewhohadacat.Zigfried36whenhethoughtofit.Helookedaroundcautiouslyashe37intotheroomwheregrainwasstoredandwasquite38ashefilledhisbagwithwheat.Hewasturningtoleavewhensuddenlyhe39ahotbreathabouthisear.Hisheartbeat40,andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckily41thecat’spawsThenextafternoonZigfriedheardsomegoodnews:a42familywouldbemovingintothefarmhousesoon.Zigfried’sgrannywouldarriveonChristmasEveto43withhim.Hehopedthatthefamilywouldcomebeforehisgrannycame.Beforelong,acarcame44theroadleadingtothehouse,withbuttersandwiches,cheeseandchocolate.Zigfried’sChristmasmiracledidarrive!Thehousecame45thenextfewdays.Zigfried46everysinglehourofthem.47,thedaybeforeChristmaswhenhewasdrinkinghotchocolatewitha48smileatthedoorofhishome,heheardthe49ofthechildrenofthefamilyaboutwhattheymightgetforChristmas.What?Acat?The50frozeonhisface;hismouthfellwideopen.Afteralongwhile,heatlastfoundhisvoice:“Hey!WhoseChristmasmiracleisthis?”31.A.carefully B.excitedly C.hopefully D.proudly32.A.shabby B.noisy C.messy D.empty33.A.mouth B.nose C.stomach D.throat34.A.bag B.stick C.bowl D.coat35.A.although B.until C.whereas D.unless36.A.leapt B.sniffed C.trembled D.withdrew37.A.broke B.marched C.paced D.stole38.A.curious B.nervous C.pitiful D.sensible39.A.took B.released C.felt D.drew40.A.strongly B.irregularly C.slowly D.wildly41.A.escaped B.seized C.rubbed D.scratched42.A.close B.happy C.new D.young43.A.celebrate B.communicate C.compete D.compromise44.A.across B.from C.off D.up45.A.alive B.loose C.open D.still46.A.counted B.enjoyed C.missed D.wasted47.A.However B.Instead C.Moreover D.Therefore48.A.bitter B.forced C.polite D.satisfied49.A.introduction B.discussion C.comment D.debate50.A.blood B.smile C.tear D.sweat第三部分：閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ASomeyearsago,writinginmydiaryusedtobeausualactivity.Iwouldreturnfromschoolandspendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday’sevents,feelings,andimpressionsinmylittlebluediary.Ididnotreallyneedtoexpressmyemotionsbywayofwords,butIgainedacertainsatisfactionfromseeingmyexperiencesforeverrecordedonpaper.Afterall,isn’taccumulatingmemoriesawayofpreservingthepast?WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,Iwentonalongjourneyonfootinagreatvalley,well-equippedwithpens,adiary,andacamera.Duringthetrip,Iwasbusyrecordingeveryincident,nameandplaceIcameacross.Ifeltproudtobespendingmytimeproductively,dutifullypreservingforfuturegenerationsadetaileddescriptionofmytravels.Onmylastnightthere,Iwanderedoutofmytent,diaryinhand.Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon,andthewallsofthevalleylookedthreateningbehindtheirscreenofshadows.Iautomaticallytookoutmypen….Atthatpoint,IunderstoodthatnothingIwrotecouldevermatchorreplacethefewsecondsIallowedmyselftoexperiencethedramaticbeautyofthevalley.AllIrememberedofthepreviousfewdayswerethedullcharacterizationsIhadsetdowninmydiary.Now,IonlywriteinmydiarywhenIneedtowritedownaspecialthoughtorfeeling.Istilllovetorecordideasandquotationsthatstrikemeinbooks,orobservationsthatareparticularlymeaningful.Itakepictures,butnotveryoften—onlyofobjectsIfindreallybeautiful.I’mnolongerblindlysatisfiedwithhavingsomethingtorememberwhenIgrowold.IrealizethatlifewillsimplypassmebyifIstaybehindthecamera,busypreservingthepresentsoastoliveitinthefuture.Idon’twanttowakeuponedayandhavenothingbutapileofpicturesandnotes.MaybeIwon’thaveasmanyexactrepresentationsofpeopleandplaces;maybeI’llforgetcertainfacts,butatleasttheexperienceswillalwaysremaininsideme.Idon’tlivetomakememories—Ijustlive,andthememoriesformthemselves.51.Beforetheageofthirteen,theauthorregardedkeepingadiaryasawayof______.A.observingherschoolroutineB.expressinghersatisfactionC.impressingherclassmatesD.preservingherhistory52.Whatcausedachangeintheauthor’sunderstandingofkeepingadiary?A.Adullnightonthejourney.B.Thebeautyofthegreatvalley.C.Astrikingquotationfromabook.D.Herconcernsforfuturegenerations.53.Whatdoestheauthorputinherdiarynow?A.Notesandbeautifulpictures.B.Specialthoughtsandfeelings.C.Detailedaccountsofdailyactivities.D.Descriptionsofunforgettableevents.54.Theauthorcomestorealizethattoliveameaningfullifeis______.A.toexperienceitB.tolivethepresentinthefutureC.tomakememoriesD.togiveaccuraterepresentationsofitBMothersanddaughtersgothroughsomuch—yetwhenwasthelasttimeamotheranddaughtersatdowntowriteabooktogetheraboutitall?PerriKlassandhermother,SheilaSolomonKlass,bothgiftedprofessionalwriters,provetobeidealco-writersastheyexaminetheirdecadesofmotherhood,daughterhood,andthewonderfulwaystheirliveshaveoverlapped(重疊).Perrinoteswithamazementhowcloselyherownlifehasmirroredhermother’s:bothhavefull-timecareers;bothhavepublishedbooks,articles,andstories;eachhasthreechildren;theybothlovetoread.Theyalsolovetotravel—infact,theyoftentaketripstogether.Butintruth,thehardertheylookattheirlives,themoretheyacknowledgetheirbigdifferencesincircumstanceandbasicnature.AchildoftheDepression(大蕭條),SheilawasraisedinBrooklynbyparentswhoconsiderededucationaluxuryforgirls.Startingwithhercollegeeducation,shehasfoughtforeverythingshe’severaccomplished.Perri,ontheotherhand,grewupprivilegedintheNewJerseysuburbsofthe1960sand1970s.ForSheila,wastingtimeormoneyisacrime,andluxuryisunthinkablewhilePerrienjoystheoccasionalsmallluxury,buthasnotbeensuccessfulattryingtopersuadehermotherintoenjoyingeventhetiniestthingshelikes.Eachwritinginherownunmistakablevoice,PerriandSheilataketurnsexploringthejoysandpains,theloveandbitterness,theminortroublesandlastingrespectthathavealwaysbondedthemtogether.SheiladescribestheadventureofgivingbirthtoPerriinatinytowninTrinidadwhereherhusbandwasdoingresearchfieldwork.Perriadmitsthatshecan’tsortoutallthemessinthehouseholds,eventhoughsheknowsitdriveshermothercrazy.Togethertheycomparethoughtsonbringingupchildrenandworking,admitlong-hiddensorrows,andenjoypreciousmemories.Lookingdeepintothelivestheyhavelivedseparatelyandtogether,PerriandSheilatelltheirmother-daughterstorywithhonesty,humor,enthusiasm,andadmirationforeachother.Awrittenaccountintwovoices,EveryMotherIsaDaughterisaduet(二重奏)thatproducesadeep,strongsoundwiththeexperiencesthatallmothersanddaughterswillrecognize.55.WhydoesPerrithinkthatherownlifehasmirroredhermother’s?A.Theybothhavegonethroughdifficulttimes.B.Theyhavestrongemotionaltieswitheachother.C.Theyhavethesamejoysandpains,andloveandbitterness.D.Theybothhaveexperiencesasdaughter,motherandwriter.56.Theword“l(fā)uxury”inParagraph3means______.A.somethingrarebutnotpleasantB.somethingthatcannotbeimaginedC.somethingexpensivebutnotnecessaryD.somethingthatcanonlybeenjoyedbyboys57.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thecontentofthebook.B.Thepurposeofthebook.C.Theinfluenceofthebook.D.Thewritingstyleofthebook.58.Howarewomen’slivesexploredinthisbook?A.Inamusicalform.B.Throughfieldresearch.C.Withuniquewritingskills.D.Fromdifferentpointsofview.CWe’vereachedastrange—somewouldsayunusual—point.WhilefightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreportfromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),morepeoplenowdiefrombeingoverweight,orsay,frombeingextremelyfat,thanfrombeingunderweight.It’sthegoodlifethat’smorelikelytokillusthesedays.Worse,nearlyl8millionchildrenundertheageoffivearoundtheworldareestimatedtobeoverweight.What’sgoingon?Wereallydon’thavemanyexcusesforourweightproblems.Thedangersoftheproblemhavebeendrilledintousbypublic-healthcampaignssince2001andthemessageisgettingthrough—uptoapoint.Inthe1970s,Finland,forexample,hadthehighestrateofheartdiseaseintheworldandbeingoverweightwasitsmaincause.Notanymore.Apublic-healthcampaignhasgreatlyreducedthenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades.MaybethatexplainswhythepercentageofpeopleinFinlandtakingdietpillsdoubledbetween2001and2005,anddoctorsevenoffersurgeryofremovingfatinsideandchangetheshapeofthebody.Thathasbecomeasortoffashion.Nowonderitranksastheworld’smostbody-consciouscountry.Weknowwhatweshouldbedoingtoloseweight—butactuallydoingitisanothermatter.Byfarthemostpopularexcuseisnottakingenoughexercise.Morethanhalfofusadmitwelackwillpower.Othersblamegoodfood.Theysay:it’sjusttooinvitinganditmakesthemovereat.StillotherslaytheblameontheAmericans,complainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican-stylefastfood.Somealsoblametheirparents—theirgenes.Butunfortunately,theparentsarewrongedbecausethey’renormalinshape,orratherslim.It’sasimilarstoryaroundtheworld,althoughpeoplearerelativelyunlikelytohavetriedtoloseweight.Parentsareeagertoseetheirkidsshapeup.DoasIsay—notasIdo.59.Whatisthe“strange”pointmentionedinthefirstsentence?A.Thegoodlifeisagreaterriskthanthebadlife.B.Starvationistakingmorepeople’slivesintheworld.C.WHOreportshowspeople’sunawarenessoffoodsafety.D.OverweightissueremainsunresolveddespiteWHO’sefforts.60.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatpeoplehavenoexcuseforbeingoverweight?A.Alotofeffectivedietpillsareavailable.B.Bodyimagehasnothingtodowithgoodfood.C.Theyhavebeenmadefullyawareofitsdangers.D.Therearetoomanyoverweightpeopleintheworld.61.TheexampleofFinlandisusedtoillustrate______.A.thecauseofheartdiseaseB.thefashionofbodyshapingC.theeffectivenessofacampaignD.thehistoryofabody-consciouscountry62.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ActionsorExcuses?B.OverweightorUnderweight?C.WHOinaDilemmaD.NoLongerDyingofHungerDThetechnologyisgreat.Withoutitwewouldn’thavebeenabletoputamanonthemoon,exploretheocean’sdepthsoreatmicrowavesausages.Computershaverevolutionizedourlivesandtheyhavethepowertoeducateandpassonknowledge.Butsometimesthispowercancreatemoreproblemsthanitsolves.Everydoctorhashadtotrytheirbesttocalmdownpatientswho’vecomeintotheirsurgerywavinganInternetprint-out,convincedthattheyhavesomerareincurabledisease,say,throatcancer.Thetruthisusuallyfarmoreordinary,though:theydon’thavethroatcancer,andit’sjustthattheirthroatsareswollen.BeingagraduateoftheInternet“school”ofmedicinedoesnotguaranteeaccurateself-health-checks.OnedayMrs.Almondcametomyhospitalafterfeelingfaintatwork.WhileItookherbloodsampleandtriedtofindoutwhatwaswrong,shesaidcalmly,“Iknowwhat’swrong;I’vegotthroatcancer.Iknowthere’snothingyoudoctorscandoaboutitandI’vejustgottowaituntilthedaycomes.”AsamatterofroutineIorderedachestX-ray.Ilookedatitandthebloodresultsanhourlater.Somethingwasn’tright.“DidyourlocaldoctordoanX-ray?”Iasked.“Oh,Ihaven’tbeentothedoctorforyears,”shereplied.“Ireadaboutitonawebsiteandthesymptomsfitted,soIknewthat’swhatIhad.”However,someofhersymptoms,liketheseverecoughandweightloss,didn’tfitwithit—butshe’djustignoredthis.IlookedattheX-rayagain,andmoretestsconfirmeditwasn’tthecancerbuttuberculosis(肺結核)—somethingthatmostcertainlydidneedtreating,andcouldbedeadly.Shewasluckywecaughtitwhenwedid.Mrs.AlmondwentpalewhenIexplainedshewouldhavetobeontreatmentforthenextsixmonthstoensurethatshewasfullyrecovered.Itwascertainlyalessonforher.“I’msoembarrassed,”shesaid,shakingherhead,asIexplainedthatallthepeopleshehadcomeintoclosecontactwithwouldhavetobefoundoutandtested.Shelisteduptoabout20,andthenIwenttomyofficetotypeupmynotes.Unexpectedly,thecomputerwasnotworking,soIhadtowaituntilsomeonefromtheITdepartmentcametofixit.Typical.MaybeIshouldhaveamicrowavesausagewhileIwaited?63.Mrs.Almondtalkedaboutherillnesscalmlybecause______.A.shethoughtsheknewitwellB.shehadpurchasedmedicineonlineC.shegraduatedfromamedicalschoolD.shehadbeentreatedbylocaldoctors64.ItwasluckyforMrs.Almond______.A.tohavecontactedmanyfriendsB.tohaverecoveredinashorttimeC.tohaveherassumptionconfirmedD.tohaveherdiseaseidentifiedintime65.Mrs.Almondsaid“I’msoembarrassed”(Para.7)because______.A.shehaddistrustedherclosefriendsB.shehadcausedunnecessarytroubleC.shehadtorefusethedoctor’sadviceD.shehadtotellthetruthtothedoctor66.Bymentioningthebreakdownofthecomputer,theauthorprobablywantstoprove______.A.it’samusttotakeabreakatworkB.it’svitaltobelieveinITprofessionalsC.it’sunwisetosimplyrelyontechnologyD.it’sadangertoworklonghoursoncomputersEAGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40,000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.Surveyrespondents(受訪者)wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults(age18to39)routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddle-agedadults(age40to64)moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio(比率)ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade,”wroteFriederR.Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangen-Nuremberg.Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions(預防措施),”theauthorswrote.Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic,”theauthorsconcluded.67.Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccurate