Unit 1 課時4 Section B2a-2e【學(xué)案】（核心提要+精講專練） 人教版 八年級下冊英語教材講義

Unit1What’sthematter？課時4SectionB（2a-2e)Learningaims:1.熟練掌握并運用下列單詞及短語：risk,accident,situation,kilo,rock,knife,blood,importance,decision,control,spirit,death,takerisks,cutoff,theimportanceof,beincontrolof。2.通過細讀，了解文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和重要語法點。重點詞匯和短語1._______________pron.（we的反身代詞）我們自己2._______________n.登山者；攀登者3._______________n.&v.危險；風(fēng)險；冒險4._______________n.情況；狀況5._______________(=kilogram)n.公斤；千克6._______________n.巖石7._______________n.(pl.knives)刀；餐刀8._______________n.血9._______________v.意思是；打算；意欲10._______________n.重要性，重要11._______________n.決定；抉擇12._______________n.&v.限制；約束；管理13._______________n.勇氣；意志14._______________n.死；死亡15.___________________________陷入；參與16.___________________________習(xí)慣于……；適應(yīng)于……17.___________________________冒險18.___________________________用盡；耗盡19.___________________________切除20.___________________________離開；從……出來21.___________________________掌管；管理22.___________________________放棄1.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者,阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險。beusedto意為＂習(xí)慣于……；適應(yīng)于……＂，其中to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。?Heisusedtotakingcoldshowerseveninwinter.他習(xí)慣了甚至在冬天也用冷水淋浴。?Heisusedtogettingupearly.他習(xí)慣于早起。學(xué)科*網(wǎng)【歸納拓展】beusedtosth/doingsth意為＂習(xí)慣于……＂，相當(dāng)于短語getusedto。?Bepatientandyouwillbeusedtothelifeheresoon.耐心些！很快你就會習(xí)慣這兒的生活的。beusedtodosth(=beusedfordoingsth)意為＂被用來做某事＂，是動詞use的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。?Plasticscanbeusedtomakeallkindsofthings.塑料能被用來制造各種各樣的東西。usedtodosth意為＂過去常做某事＂，表達過去。?Iusedtogotothecinema,butIhardlyeverhavetimeforfilmsnow.我過去經(jīng)常去看電影，但現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀鯖]有時間看電影了。Jim________ridetoschool.Butnowhe________walkingtoschoolbecausehewantstokeepfit.A．wasusedto;usedto B．gotusedto;isusedto C．usedto;isusedto D．usedto;usedto2.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.但是當(dāng)他的水用盡時，他知道他必須做一些事情來拯救自己的生命。runout作不及物動詞短語，意為＂用盡；耗盡＂，主語通常是時間、金錢、水、食物等無生命名詞。?Hisstrengthranout.他的力氣用完了。?Afteralongwalk,heranoutofhiswater.長途跋涉后，他用盡了他的水?！疽谆毂嫖觥縭unout與runoutofrunout是＂動詞＋副詞＂型動詞短語，主語通常是時間、食物、金錢等名詞。?Hismoneysoonranout.他的錢很快花完了。runoutof作及物動詞用(＝useup)，后接賓語，主語通常是人。

?Ihaverunoutofmymoneybeforepayday.在發(fā)工資的日子之前我已經(jīng)用盡了我的錢?！咀⒁狻縭unoutof...其原意為＂從……中跑出＂。?Lotsofstudentsranoutoftheclassroomtoseewhathadhappened.很多學(xué)生從教室里跑出來看看發(fā)生了什么事。Weshould______coal,becausetheundergroundcoalwill_______someday.A．save；runoutof B．save；runout C．produce；runoutof D．produce；runout3.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.他對登山的熱愛是如此深厚以至于在這次經(jīng)歷之后他還繼續(xù)登山。（1）＂so...that...＂意為＂如此……以至于……＂，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。此句型中，so是副詞，常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+謂語+so+adj./adv.+that從句。?ThemathproblemissodifficultthatIcan’tworkitout.這道數(shù)學(xué)題是如此難以至于我解不出來。?Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.這個男孩太小還不能去上學(xué)?！疽谆毂嫖觥縮uch...that與so...that的區(qū)別(1)so+adj./adv.adj.+a/an+_________many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that從句much/little+___________(2)such+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)名詞adj.+___________+that從句adj.+復(fù)數(shù)名詞【注意】如果so...that...句型中，that引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語與主句中的主語一致，在否定句中可與too...to...或not...enoughto...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。?Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.他太小了，不能去上學(xué)。=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.1.那次聚會是如此讓人激動以至于我永遠都不會忘記它。Thepartywas_______________________________________Iwouldneverforgetit.2.她是如此好的一位老師以至于所有的學(xué)生都喜歡她。Sheis__________________________goodteacher_____________allthestudentslikeher.（2）keepondoingsth意為＂繼續(xù)或堅持做某事＂，表示動作重復(fù)多次，中間有間隔，強調(diào)重復(fù)性。?Theykeptonworkingthoughitwasdark.盡管天黑了，他們卻繼續(xù)工作。?Don’tkeeponinterruptingme.別老是跟我打岔?！局R拓展】①keepdoingsth意為＂繼續(xù)不停地做某事＂。表示動作的持續(xù)不間斷、無停頓，強調(diào)連續(xù)性。?Keepwalkinguntilyoureachtheendoftheroad.繼續(xù)走，知道你到達路的盡頭。②keepsbdoingsth意為＂讓某人一直做某事＂。?I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.對不起讓你久等了。③keepsbfromdoingsth意為＂阻止某人做某事＂。?Youshouldn’tkeephimfromwatchingcartoons.你不該阻止他看動畫片?！灸Хㄓ洃洝坑⒄Z中后接doing作賓語的詞(組)完成練習(xí)值得忙finish,practise,beworth,bebusy繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄keepon,beusedto,giveup考慮建議不禁想consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike喜歡思念要介意enjoy,miss,mind昨天我們堅持學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。We_______________________________________lateintothenightyesterday.4.—AreyouOK?你還好嗎?—No,Idon’tfeelwell.不，我覺得不舒服。feelwell意為＂身體好；感覺舒服＂。其中feel意為＂感覺＂，為系動詞，后常接形容詞作表語。well表示健康狀況時，是形容詞，意為＂健康的＂。?IthinkI’llgoandliedown—Idon’tfeelwell.我想我得去躺一會兒，我感到不大舒服?！疽谆毂嫖觥縢ood與well的區(qū)別good是形容詞，意為＂好的；優(yōu)秀的＂，在句中常用作表語或定語。?Ihaveagoodfriend.我有一個好朋友。well作副詞，意為＂很好地＂，常用來修飾動詞，在句中作狀語。?ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語說得好。作形容詞，常用來表示健康狀況，意為＂健康的＂，在句中常用作表語。?Ihopesheiswell.我希望她身體健康。5.decisionn.決定；抉擇decision常用于短語makeadecision/decisions意為＂作決定＂。makeadecisiontodosth.＝decidetodosth.＝makeupone’smindtodosth.決定做某事。Hemadeadecision/decidedtogotoNewYorkfinally.最后他決定去紐約。Grammar(二)反身代詞反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱的人稱代詞賓格形式，詞尾加-self或-selves組成的。反身代詞意為＂本人＂＂本身＂，為加強語氣，也可翻譯為＂親自＂＂自己＂。1.反身代詞構(gòu)成第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2.反身代詞的用法作動詞賓語或介詞賓語?Theboycandresshimself.這個男孩能給自己穿衣服。?Takegoodcareofyourself.好好照顧你自己。作主語或賓語的同位語?MrsBlackherselfisalawyer.布萊克夫人本人就是一名律師。?Youhadbetteraskthedriverhimself.你最好問司機本人。作表語?Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。?Maryhasn’tbeenherselfrecently.瑪麗近來感到不適。3.易錯點反身代詞必須與其所指代的名詞或代詞形成相互關(guān)系，在人稱、性和數(shù)上保持一致。?Thechildrenareenjoyingthemselvesinthepark.孩子們正在公園里玩得很高興。Theycouldlookafter_____________whentheyweresix.A.ourselves B.themselves C.yourselves4.反身代詞的常用短語teachoneself＝learnbyoneself自學(xué) enjoyoneself過得愉快helponeselfto...隨便吃/用……lookafteroneself照顧某人自己dressoneself給自己穿衣服一、單項選擇1．Englishissoimportantthatwecan’t________.A．giveupthem B．givethemup C．giveupit D．giveitup2．Asthefoodfestivaliscoming,thestudentsarepreparingeverythingby________.A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves3．Scientistswarnusthatifwegoonusingsomuchenergy,wewill________itinthenearfuture.A．gooutof B．runoutof C．getoutof D．keepoutof4．There________befewpeopleusingmobilephonesinthe1990s.Astimegoesby,it’ssaidthatfewpeople________thelifewithoutmobilephones.A．usedto;usedto B．a(chǎn)reusedto;usedto C．usedto;areusedto D．a(chǎn)reusedto;areusedto5．Don’tget________theundergroundwhenthedoorisclosing.Pleasewaitforthenextone.A．in B．on C．off D．outof6．TherewassomethingwithTom’steeth,sohewenttoseea_______.A．doctor B．dentist C．teacher D．nurse7．I’mreallyexcited.Myfathermakesa________tomethathe’llbuymethenewestLegobrickset.A．decision B．plan C．promise D．difference8．Thereisno________offallingdownifyouwalkslowly.A．side B．corner C．choice D．risk9．Believein________,Lucy.Ithinkyou’llsucceed.A．myself B．yourself C．ourselves D．herself10．Ifyouhaveanosebleed,youshould________.A．takeyourtemperature B．putabandageonit C．putyourheadback二、完形填空ItwasthelastdayofschoolandIplannedtotraveltomyfriend’shometown.Ididn’tseehimforyearsandthiswasagood____11____tomeethimagain.Iwasbusyatschoolsoitwasvery____12____whenIcamebackhome.Itwasalready10o’clockatnight.Timewasrunningout.Afterahurried(勿忙)mealIleft.____13____Ifoundataxiverysoon.Askingthedrivertodrivemefasttothestation,Irelaxedforawhile,imaginingwhatmyfriendlookedlikenow.IwassoonatthestationandIwassurethatIwouldbeableto____14____thetrain.Unluckily,Ifellonthewayandlostsometime.Tomy____15____,whenIreachedtheplatform(站臺),Isawthatthetrainjustleft!ItwasthelasttrainsoIhadto____16____home.Mymotherwasgladtoseemebackbecauseasshehadabadfeelingaboutmytrip.ButIwasunhappy.ItriedtorelaxandwenttobedbutIhada____17____sleep.ThenextmorningIwasverytired.WhenIwashavingbreakfastthe____18____arrived.Ireadoverthepagesandwasshocked(震驚)to____19____thatthetrainImissedhadanaccident.How____20____IwasthatImissedthetrain!11．A．work B．chance C．visit D．dream12．A．strange B．cold C．late D．quiet13．A．Possibly B．Suddenly C．Strangely D．Luckily14．A．stop B．see C．catch D．miss15．A．sadness B．hope C．worry D．joy16．A．call B．leave C．reach D．return17．A．deep B．bad C．great D．heavy18．A．newspaper B．ticket C．milk D．train19．A．find B．hear C．feel D．remember20．A．hopeful B．thankful C．careful D．painful三、閱讀理解Didyouremembersomeunforgettablethingsthathappenedaroundyou?Haveyoueverseenafire?Whatwillyoudoifthereisafire?Willyoushoutforhelp?Orwillyoujuststaytherebutdonothing?Manypeoplearetooafraidtodosomethingwhenthereisafire.Butinfact,thisiswrong.LastSundayeveningmyparentswentoutforawalkwithmysister.ButIstudiedaloneathomebecauseIwouldhaveanEnglishtest.Suddenly,Isawbrightlightinmyneighbor’skitchen.IthoughthewascookingsoIwentonstudying.Soon,therewasaterriblesmellintheairandIthoughtsomethingwaswrong.Iwentoutandsawfirecomingoutofmyneighbor’skitchen.SoIshouted“Fire!Fire!”Butnooneheardorcameout.Iranquicklyintomyhousetocall119,andthenIrangmyneighbor’sdoorbell,knockedatthedoor,buttherewasnoresponse.Igotintothehousethroughthewindowandfoundmyneighborsleepinginhisbedroom.Iwokehimupandwerushedoutofthehousetogether.Wetriedourbesttopourwaterthroughthekitchenwindow,butthefirewastooheavy.