2021屆 高考英語(yǔ)重難詞匯短語(yǔ)梳理與閱讀練習(xí)（七十一）含答案

2021高考英語(yǔ)重難詞匯短語(yǔ)梳理與閱讀練習(xí)（七十一）

一：詞匯梳理

1.tug/tAg/v./n.用力拖（或拉）n.拖船

2.condemn/kan'dem/vt.①指責(zé)②判???刑③迫使…陷于不幸的境地

3.highlight/'hailait/vt.①使顯著②強(qiáng)調(diào)n.最精彩的部分

4.propose/pra'pouz/vt.①提議②打算，計(jì)劃vi.求婚

5.proposition/.propo'zijbn/n.①主張②建議

6.inquire/in'kwaia/v.打聽，詢問

7.adjust/o'd3ASt/vt.①調(diào)節(jié)②校正vi.調(diào)整，適應(yīng)

8.contemplate/'kontompleit/v.①凝視②凝神靜思③打算

9.indifferent/in'difaront/a.①不關(guān)心的②一般的

10.imperative/im'perotiv/a./n.①必要的（事）②命令（的）

11.caution/'ko:Jbn/n.①小心②告誡

12.cautious/'ko:Jbs/a.小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的

13.precaution/pn'ko:Jbn/n.預(yù)防

14.convene/kon'viWv.①召集（人）②召開（會(huì)議等）

15.convention/kon'venpn/n.①大會(huì)②協(xié)定③慣例

16.judicial/d3u:'dipi/a.①法官的②法庭的③裁決的

17.solitary/'sohtori/a.①（人）獨(dú)自的②（物）單個(gè)的③獨(dú)處的

18.contaminate/kon'tsemmeit/vt.弄臟，污染

19.embody/im'bodi/vt.①使具體化②包括

20.pitch①/pi/n.擲vt.把?..定于某一特定難度

21.pitch②/pit|7n.瀝青

22.elaborate/fl^bont/v.詳細(xì)說明/I,laeboreit/a.①精心制作的②詳盡的

23.explosive/ik'splousiv/n.炸藥a.①易引發(fā)暴力的②爆炸性的

24.detach/di'ta^y?vt.拆開

25.drought/draut/n.旱災(zāi)，干旱

26.facility/fo'siliti/n.①天賦②設(shè)施

27.raid/reid/vt./n.①突襲②搜查③搶劫

28.incline/m'klain/v.①（使）傾斜②（使）傾向于n.斜坡

29.portable/'polobol/a.便攜的

30.contrast/'kontra:st/n.①對(duì)比②差異/kon'trast/vt.使與???對(duì)比

二：短語(yǔ)梳理

1.inhand在進(jìn)行中彳寺辦理

2.inhonorof為慶祝，為紀(jì)念

3.initself本質(zhì)上，就其本身而言

4.inlinewith與…——致

5.inmemoryof紀(jì)念

6.innocase決不

7.innotime立即，馬上

8.innoway決不

9.inorder按順序，按次序

10.inotherwords換句話說

11.inpart部分地

12.inparticular特別，尤其

13.inperson親自，本人

14.inplace在合適的位置

15.inplaceof代替，取代，交換

三：閱讀訓(xùn)練

（一）

WhenIwassixteenyearsold,ImademyfirstvisittotheUnitedStates.ltwasn't

thefirsttimeIhadbeenabroad.LikemostEnglishchildrenIlearnedFrenchat

school.AndIhadoftenbeentoFrance,soIwasusedtospeakingaforeignlanguageto

peoplewhodidn,tunderstandEnglish.ButwhenIwenttoAmericaIwasreally

lookingforwardtohavinganiceeasyholidaywithoutanylanguageproblems.

HowwrongIwas!Themisunderstandingsbeganattheairport.Iwaslookingfora

publictelephonetogivemyAmericanfriendDannyacallandtellherthatIhad

arrived.Afriendlyoldmansawmelookinglostandaskedifhecouldhelpme.

“Yes,"Isaid,“Iwanttogivemyfriendaring.”

“Well,that'snice,“hesaid,“Areyougettingmarried?Butaren,tyouabit

young?”

“Whoistalkingaboutmarriage?vIreplied,“Ionlywanttogivemyfrienda

ringtotellherI'vearrived.Canyoutellmewherethere'saphonebox?”

"Oh!"hesaid,“There'saphonedownstairs.v

Whenatlastwemet,Dannyexplainedthemisunderstandingstome.

“Don'tworry,“shesaidtome."Ihadsomanydifficultiesatfirst.Therearelots

ofwordswhichtheAmericansusedifferentlyinmeaningfromtheBritish.You?11

soongetusedtoallthefunnythingstheysay.Mostofthetime,BritishandAmerican

peopleunderstandeachother!”

1.Wherewasthewriterfrom?

A.HewasfromAmerica.B.HewasfromFrance.

C.HewasfromEngland.D.HewasfromChina.

2.ThewriterthoughtinAmerica.

A.hewouldnothaveanylanguagedifficulties

B.hewouldnotunderstandtheAmericans

C.theAmericansmightnotunderstandhim

D.hewouldhavedifficultiesattheairport

3.Thewriterwantedto.

A.buyaringforhisfriend

B.makeacalltohisfriend

C.gotothetelephonecompany

D.seeafriendoff

4.1nthelastparagraphtheunderlinedword“they”refersto.

A.theoldmanandtheboyB.theAmericans

C.theBritishD.theFrench

參考答案：

l.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“LikemostEnglishchildrenIlearnedFrenchat

school.”可知，作者是英國(guó)人。

2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段末句中的"...Iwasreallylookingforwardtohaving

aniceeasyholidaywithoutanylanguageproblems.”可知，作者認(rèn)為去美國(guó)不會(huì)遇至U

任何語(yǔ)言障礙。

3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者說“givemyfriendaring”意為“給朋友打電話”，而

不是“給朋友一枚戒指”，結(jié)合后文提到的totellherTvearrivedn可確定，作者

想給丹妮打電話，告訴她,自己已經(jīng)到了，因此B項(xiàng)為答案。

4.B代詞指代題。根據(jù)末段中的"You'Hsoongetusedtoallthefunnythings

theysay.”可知，由于作者是英國(guó)人，所以此處的they應(yīng)指的是“美國(guó)人”。

（二）

AsyouarestudentsofEnglish,it'sverypossiblethatyou'11beinterestedin

England.That'swherethelanguagewasfirstspoken.ButEnglandisoftencalledby

othernames.ThisoftenconfusespeopleandIwonderifyouknowwhatthesenames

mean.So,nowIwouldliketotellyouaboutthismatterofnames.Ibelievethatyou

haveheardpeopleusethenames——England,BritainorGreatBritain.Let'sseewhat

eachofthesenamesmeans.

IfyoulookatamapofEurope,you'11seeagroupofislands-onelargerisland

offthenorthwestcoast,onesmallerandmanytinyones.Thesemakeupwhatiscalled

theBritishIsles.ThelargestislandoftheBritishIslesisBritain.ltisalsocalledGreat

Britain.ThesmallerislandisIreland.

Britainisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.Butsometimesthe

word“England”isusedinsteadof“Britain”.Whyso?

Inancienttimes,whatisBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountries.People

inthesedifferentcountriesspokedifferentlanguages.Overmanyyearsthethree

countriesbecameone.Englandisthelargestandrichestofthethreeandithasthe

mostpeople.SotheEnglishpeopletakeitforgrantedthattheirownnamestandsfor

thewholeisland.

There'sanotherthingthatconfusespeople:sometimesyoumayhearpeoplesay

“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Thatistheofficial

nameofthecountry.NorthemIrelandisonlyonesixthoftheislandofIreland.Therest

oftheislandisanindependentstate,calledtheRepublicofIreland.Sowehavethe

namesof"EnglandBritain\"GreatBritain",and“theUnitedKingdomofGreat

BritainandNorthernIrelandv.Nowdoyouknowwhateachofthemmeans?

1.Englishwasfirstspokenin

A.BritainB.England

C.GreatBritainD.Ireland

答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一、二句可知最早講英語(yǔ)的地方是Englando

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Walesistherichestofthethree.

B.Scotlandisthelargestofthethree.

C.SometimesEnglandisusedinsteadofBritain.

D.BritainistheonlynameofthelargestislandofBritishIsles.

答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句可知，人們有時(shí)用England來代替

Britain（稱呼英國(guó)）0

3.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandis.

A.partofBritain

B.partofBritishIsles

C.theofficialnameofthewholecountry

D.thelargestcountryofallmentionedinthepassage

答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第一、二句可以得知,theUnitedKingdomof

GreatBritainandNorthernIreland是英國(guó)的官方名稱。

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?

A.StudentsofEnglish

B.DifferentNamesofEngland

C.DifferentLanguagesSpokeninEngland

D.TheRepublicofIreland

答案:B主旨大意題。本文從頭至尾都在講述英國(guó)的名稱，因此最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)用

DifferentNamesofEnglando

（二）

Englishisalanguagespokenallaroundtheworld.Therearemorethan42

countrieswherethemajorityofthepeoplespeakEnglish.Mostnativespeakersof

EnglisharefoundintheUnitedKingdom,theUnitedStatesof

America,Canada,Australia,SouthAfrica,RepublicofIrelandandNewZealand.In

total,fbrmorethan376millionpeopleEnglishistheirmothertongue.Anequal

numberofpeoplelearnEnglishasasecondlanguage.Thesepeoplewillperhapsspeak

thelanguageoftheirowncountryathomewiththeirfamily,butthelanguageofthe

government,schools,newspapersandTVisEnglish.Thissituationisfoundincountries

suchasIndia,Pakistan,NigeriaandthePhilippines.

However,thenumberofpeoplewholearnEnglishasaforeignlanguageismore

than750mi11ion.EverywhereintheworldchildrengotoschooltolearnEnglish.Most

peoplelearnEnglishforfiveorsixyearsathighschool.InChinastudentslearn

Englishatschoolasaforeignlanguage,exceptforthoseinHongKong,wheremany

peoplespeakEnglishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

Inonlyfiftyyears,Englishhasdevelopedintothelanguagemostwidelyspoken

andusedintheworld.Englishistheworkinglanguageofmostinternational

organizations,internationaltradeandtourism.Businessmenandtouristsoftencometo

ChinawithoutbeingabletospeakChinese.Chinesebusinessmen,taxidriversand

studentstalkwiththemusingEnglish.Englishisalsothelanguageofglobal

culture,suchaspopularmusicandtheInternet.YoucanlistentoEnglishsongsonthe

radiooruseEnglishtocommunicatewithpeoplearoundtheworldthroughthe

Internet.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecome

moreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

l.HowmanypeoplelearnEnglishasasecondlanguage?

A.Morethan37,500,000.

B.Morethan376,000,000.

C.Morethan750,000,000.

D.Morethan75,000,000.

答案:B推理判斷題。由第一段中的“…formorethan376millionpeopleEnglish

istheirmothertongue.An