高中英語(yǔ)人教版一輪學(xué)案必修1Unit4Earthquakes

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請(qǐng)按住Ctrl,滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。Unit4Earthquakes重點(diǎn)單詞·巧記Ⅰ.核心單詞1.burst vi.爆裂;爆發(fā) n.突然破裂;爆發(fā)2.ruin n.廢墟;毀滅 vt.毀滅;使破產(chǎn)3.destroy vt.破壞;毀壞;消滅4.rescue n.&vt.援救;營(yíng)救5.trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境6.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隱藏7.damage n.&vt.損失;損害8.earthquake n.地震9.event n.事件;大事10.suffering n.苦難;痛苦11.track n.軌道;足跡;痕跡12.disaster n.災(zāi)難;災(zāi)禍13.shelter n.掩蔽;掩蔽處;避身處14.sincerely adv.真誠(chéng)地;真摯地15.electricity n.電;電流;電學(xué)Ⅱ.拓展單詞1.nationn.民族;國(guó)家;國(guó)民→nationaladj.國(guó)家的,民族的2.extremeadj.極度的→extremelyadv.極其,非常3.injurevt.損害;傷害→injuredadj.受傷的→injuryn.傷害;損害4.survivevt.&vi.幸存,生還,比……活得長(zhǎng)→survivorn.幸存者;生還者;殘存物→survivaln.幸存,生還5.uselessadj.無(wú)用的;無(wú)效的;無(wú)益的→usefuladj.有用的6.shockn.休克;打擊;震驚vt.&vi.(使)震驚;震動(dòng)→shockedadj.震驚的→shockingadj.令人震驚的7.frightenvt.使驚嚇;嚇唬→frightenedadj.受驚的;受恐嚇的→frighteningadj.令人恐懼的8.congratulatevt.祝賀→congratulationn.祝賀;(pl.)賀詞9.judgen.裁判員;法官vt.斷定;判斷;判決→judgementn.判斷10.expressvt.表示;表達(dá)n.快車;速遞→expressionn.詞語(yǔ);表示;表達(dá)核心短語(yǔ)·閃記1.rightaway 立刻;馬上

2.beproudof 以……為自豪

3.judgingfrom 從……判斷

4.betrappedin 陷入

5.beburiedin 埋頭于

6.thinklittle/nothingof 以為……沒(méi)什么了不起

7.inruins 嚴(yán)重受損;破敗不堪

8.digout 掘出;發(fā)現(xiàn)

9.a(great)numberof 許多;大量的

10.asif 仿佛,好像

經(jīng)典句式·速記1.【句型公式】:too...to...太……以至于不能……Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat(太緊張以至于不吃東西).

2.【句型公式】:asif引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend(仿佛到了世界末日)!

3.【句型公式】:everywhere引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句Everywheretheylooked(他們無(wú)論朝哪里看)nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.

4.【句型公式】:all...not部分否定Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破滅了。

1.“真誠(chéng);誠(chéng)實(shí)”家族①sincere adj.真誠(chéng)的sincerely adv.真誠(chéng)地②genuine adj.真誠(chéng)的;真心的genuinely adv.真誠(chéng)地;誠(chéng)實(shí)地③hearty adj.親切的;真誠(chéng)的;熱誠(chéng)的heartiness n.誠(chéng)實(shí);熱心④honest adj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的;正直的honesty n.誠(chéng)實(shí);正直;坦誠(chéng)2.“think+副詞+of”短語(yǔ)薈萃①thinklittleof 認(rèn)為……沒(méi)什么了不起②thinkhighlyof 重視;看得起③thinkwellof 重視④thinkpoorlyof 輕視⑤thinkbadlyof 認(rèn)為……不好Ⅰ.細(xì)品味經(jīng)典文章(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren’ttheretothrowredpaintonfurcoatwearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafullbodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!”Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotioncapture(動(dòng)作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(圖像).Inthiscase,oneofarealisticlookingape.Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants”,“TheHangoverPartⅡ”and“Zookeeper”,havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreatedproperly.Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoffsettrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.Ⅱ.按要求完成任務(wù)1.翻譯黑體字標(biāo)出的單詞和短語(yǔ)。①digitalized adj.數(shù)字化的②image n.圖像③hot adj.熱衷于④nonprofit adj.非營(yíng)利的⑤keeptabson 監(jiān)視,密切注意⑥offsettraining 偏離軌道的訓(xùn)練2.用一句話總結(jié)文章大意。Animalsactivistsgivethankstothefilmmakersof“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”,whousedanewtechnologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,whileinmanyotherfilmsanimals’treatmentisstillaconcernbecausetheyarenottreatedproperly.

Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆發(fā)n.突然破裂;爆發(fā)【教材原句】Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.(P26)在城市里,一些建筑物的水管破裂了?！驹~塊必記】(1)burstin 突然闖進(jìn);突然出現(xiàn)burstinto... 闖入……burstwithjoy/anger 心花怒放/勃然大怒burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing 突然大笑起來(lái)burstintotears=burstoutcrying 突然大哭起來(lái)(2)aburstof 一陣……【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Seeingherclassmatesburstoutlaughingbecauseofherfoolishbehavior,sheburstintotears.②Withaburstoflaughter,WangXifengburstintotheroom,whoseflattering(諂媚的)wordsmadeMrsJiaburstwithjoy.【寫作金句】ReadingTheEmperor’sNewClothes,Ihadtoletoutaburstoflaughteroverhisfoolishness.讀了《皇帝的新裝》,我不禁為他的愚蠢而捧腹大笑。2.ruinn.[U]毀滅;毀壞;崩潰;[常用復(fù)數(shù)]廢墟;遺跡v.(使)毀壞;毀滅;成為廢墟;使破產(chǎn)【教材原句】Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.(P26)十五秒鐘內(nèi),一座大城市變成了一片廢墟?！驹~塊必記】(1)lie/beinruins 成為廢墟fallintoruin 毀滅;毀壞bring...toruin 使……毀滅;使……沒(méi)落(2)ruinone’shealth/fame/future 毀掉某人的健康/名譽(yù)/前途【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theysawbythelightofthemoonthatpartofthecitylayinruins.②Heisnowbroughttoruin,buthehasseenbetterdays.【寫作金句】IfvisitorsparethemagnificentparkwiththeruinsofYuanmingYuaninBeijing,theywillkeepinmindthesufferingsofournationinmodernhistory.如果參觀者對(duì)比一下公園的壯麗和北京圓明園的廢墟,他們就會(huì)銘記我們民族在現(xiàn)代歷史上遭受的苦難。3.injurevt.(injures,injuring,injured)損害;傷害【教材原句】Twothirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.(P26)三分之二的人在地震中喪生或受傷?！驹~塊必記】(1)be/getinjured 受傷(2)theinjured 傷者;傷員(3)dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb. 傷害某人【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theinjuredwereflowntohospitalimmediatelytheygotinjured(injure)inthecaraccident.②Theinjured(injure)manwaslyingmotionlessonhisback.③Anyinjurytoachildisacauseofgreatconcerntous.④Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseofinjury(injure).4.shockvt.&vi(使)震驚;震動(dòng)n.休克;打擊;震驚【教材原句】Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked.(P26)井里沒(méi)有水了,而是填滿了沙子。人們感到非常震驚?！驹~塊必記】(1)beshockedby/at...對(duì)……感到震驚beshockedtodo... 因做……而震驚(2)inshock 震驚地;休克(3)shocking adj.令人震驚的【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shocked(shock)bythesadnews,shebrokeoutintears.②Wefeltcurious(asto)howshereceivedtheshocking(shock)news.【寫作金句】Itislikeasleepinglionthatwillsurelyshocktheworldonceitwakesup.它像一頭睡獅,一旦醒來(lái)就會(huì)震驚世界。5.judgen.裁判員;法官vt.斷定;判斷;判決【教材原句】Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges.(P30)你的演講是由五位評(píng)委聆聽的?！驹~塊必記】(1)judgesb./sth.by/from 從……判斷某人/某物judgingby/from 根據(jù)……判斷asfarasIcanjudge=inmyjudgement 據(jù)我判斷;我認(rèn)為(2)makeajudgementabout 對(duì)……做出判斷【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Judging(judge)fromhisexperience,wecoulddrawtheconclusionthatweshouldn’tjudgeapersonfrom/byhisappearance.完成句子②Judgingfromtheirspeeches,Chineseleadersareincreasinglyanxiousaboutairandwaterpollution.

從他們的講話中可以得知,中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人正越來(lái)越關(guān)注空氣污染和水污染問(wèn)題。Ⅱ.經(jīng)典句式6.Allhopewasnotlost.并非所有的希望都破滅了?！揪湫凸健?1)all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,plete,pletely,always,whole,wholly,entirely,altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞和副詞與否定副詞not連用,構(gòu)成部分否定,表示“不是都;并非都”。(2)no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表達(dá)否定意義的詞(組)與肯定式謂語(yǔ)一起使用,構(gòu)成“全部否定”?！菊Z(yǔ)境速測(cè)】翻譯句子①Allmanagerspresentdon’tagreewithhisopinion.并非所有在場(chǎng)的經(jīng)理都同意他的觀點(diǎn)。②Noneofthemanagerspresentagreewithhisopinion.沒(méi)有一個(gè)在場(chǎng)的經(jīng)理同意他的觀點(diǎn)。【寫作金句】Nothingintheworldisdifficultifhesetshismindtoit.世上無(wú)難事,只怕有心人。【備選要點(diǎn)】1.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隱藏【教材原句】Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(P26)軍隊(duì)組織隊(duì)伍挖出受困的人,并且埋葬死者?！驹~塊必記】(1)buryoneselfin=beburiedin 埋頭于;專心于(2)beburiedinthought 陷入沉思buryone’sface/headinone’shands 雙手掩面/抱頭【知識(shí)拓展】表示“專心于,致力于”的表達(dá)還有:bedevotedto;beabsorbedin;belostin;beoccupiedwith;focus/concentrateon;fixone’sattentionon等。【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Sheburiedherfaceintheroses,drinkinginthefragrance.②Buried(bury)inhisbooks,hedidn’tnoticehismothereintotheroom.③Heheldherclosely,burying(bury)hisheadagainsthershoulder.④Heburied(bury)hisfaceinhishandsandwept.【寫作金句】Burytheoldworldandbuildnewone.埋葬舊世界,建立新世界。2.expressvt.表示;表達(dá)n.快車;速遞【典型例句】Hisviewshavebeenexpressedinnumerousspeeches.他已在無(wú)數(shù)次發(fā)言中表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)?！驹~塊必記】(1)expressoneself 表達(dá)自己的思想、感情等(2)expression n.表達(dá),表示,表情【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hisexpression(express)onthefacesuggestedthathewasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.②Thefiguresareexpressed(express)intermsofapercentage/inpercentageterms.

完成句子③Obviously,hiphopdancingisawaytoexpressoneself(表達(dá)自我)freely,torelievethepressurefromfamily,schoollifeingeneral.

3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!

【句型公式】Itseemed(tosb.)asif...(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))似乎……(1)如果asif所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的情況,句子要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。(2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極不可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí),從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣:①?gòu)木溆靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)(與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反)②從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反)③從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/could/mightdo形式(與將來(lái)的事實(shí)相反)【語(yǔ)境速測(cè)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirclothesandfoodasifIwere(be)theirownfamily.②Tomraisedhisrighthandasiftosay(say)something.

句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Theyweretalkinginawhisper,sotheyseemedtobesayingsomethingsecret.→Theyweretalkinginawhisper,soitseemedasiftheyweresayingsomethingsecret.

Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2020·浙江高考)SeeingElliandmenearlybeatenbythebear,therescuers(rescue)toldmetosprayhiminhiseyesusingpeppersprayinaloudvoice.

2.(2020·浙江高考)At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.3.(2020·天津高考)Joneswasshocked(shock)whenshesaidthatshedidn’tactuallymindbeingcheated.4.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthatruins(ruin)everyone’sday.5.(2020·江蘇高考)Iwonderedwhethertherewerebiggerdiscoveriesoutthere,notjustspecies,butlifethatdependsonthingsthoughttobeuseless(use).Ⅱ.完成句子1.Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.=Notbothofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.

這兩道數(shù)學(xué)題并非都很難。2.Bydoingso,Icannotonlysharegoodideaswithothersbutalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.

通過(guò)這樣做,我不僅可以與別人分享好想法也學(xué)會(huì)清晰地表達(dá)自己。3.Buriedinhisbook,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.

由于他埋頭于書本,所以不知道外面下雨了。4.Theythoughtlittleofmysuggestion,whichmademealittleupset.

他們對(duì)我的建議不以為然,這使我有點(diǎn)難過(guò)。5.Shockedatthesadnews,Tomstoodtherestill,notknowingwhattosay.

聽到這個(gè)難過(guò)的消息,湯姆很震驚,一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站在那里,不知道說(shuō)什么。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(黑體詞為本單元重點(diǎn)詞匯)Onenight,abigearthquakehitourcity.Withthepipes1.bursting(burst)andtheelectricitycutoff,nearlyeverythingwasdestroyedandagreatnumberofbuildingslay2.inruins.Somecitizenswerebadlyinjured;others3.wereburied(bury)intheruins.Itseemedas4.if/thoughthewholeworldwasat5.anend!

Thenextday,thiseventwastheheadlineofallnewspapers.Thewholenation6.wasshocked(shock)bythedamage.Peopleweremovedwhentheyreadthatthesurvivorsfortedeachotherbysaying“7.Congratulations(congratulate)!Yousurvived!”Sotheynotonly8.expressed(express)theirsympathysincerely,butalsoorganizedsomeactivities9.tohelp(help)thevictims.Unluckily,notallthe10.injured(injure)wererescuedintimeandthedeadhadtobeburiedatonce.Finally,thankstothehelpofthewholenation,thelosswasminimized.

Ⅰ.話題與閱讀理解(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷閱讀理解C)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(時(shí)裝)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海貍鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguiltfreefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnonnativespecies(物種).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus,”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecatsizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguiltfreeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletoearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtoeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitisecofriendly.【文章大意】時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師正在把海貍鼠的皮毛做成時(shí)裝進(jìn)行促銷,這不是犯罪。因?yàn)楹Ｘ偸髮儆诿绹?guó)的外來(lái)物種,它們正在毀壞著美國(guó)的環(huán)境和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。1.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguiltfreefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段CreeMcCree說(shuō)的話“談?wù)摏](méi)有罪惡的皮毛聽起來(lái)很瘋狂——除非你了解每年海貍鼠正在毀壞大片的濕地。”可以推斷,在新奧爾良和布魯克林舉辦的時(shí)裝展是為了促銷海貍鼠的皮毛做成的時(shí)裝。故選A。2.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C.Nutriahurtlocalcatsizedanimals.D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四段可知,科學(xué)家關(guān)心海貍鼠是因?yàn)樗鼈冋趪?yán)重地毀壞美國(guó)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),破壞環(huán)境。故選A。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed. B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable. D.Crashed.【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。collapsed所在的句子的意思是:皮毛交易使海貍鼠在數(shù)十年中得到控制,但是海貍鼠市場(chǎng)在20世紀(jì)80年代后期崩潰了,這種和貓一樣大的動(dòng)物瘋狂繁殖。collapse表示“崩潰,(價(jià)格、貨幣等)暴跌”,crash也有此意。故選D。4.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.It’sformal. B.It’srisky.C.It’sharmful. D.It’straditional.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Morgan說(shuō)的話“為了給人們一種無(wú)罪惡感的選擇,那就是他們可以穿海貍鼠皮毛時(shí)裝,沒(méi)有人會(huì)指責(zé)他們——我認(rèn)為指責(zé)是大規(guī)模的事情,至少在紐約是這樣的。”可以推斷出,在紐約穿皮毛時(shí)裝會(huì)遭到嚴(yán)厲的反對(duì),所以在紐約穿這樣的衣服是很冒險(xiǎn)的。故選B?！疚⒓寄茳c(diǎn)撥】如何做詞義猜測(cè)題本文中第3題為詞義猜測(cè)題,根據(jù)策略解題如下:Step1看本詞所在的上下文:collapsed所在的句子的意思是:皮毛交易使海貍鼠在數(shù)十年中得到控制,但是海貍鼠市場(chǎng)在20世紀(jì)80年代后期崩潰了,這種和貓一樣大的動(dòng)物瘋狂繁殖。collapse表示“崩潰,(價(jià)格、貨幣等)暴跌”。Step2對(duì)比選項(xiàng)找最佳:嘗試解答D。

【語(yǔ)用提能】話題詞匯environmentalist;showcase;destroy;collapse;multiply;promote;massive;ecofriendly短語(yǔ)bringback;endup;letgo;incheck;likecrazy;bringin;earoundto;morallyacceptable;eupwith熟詞新義crossv.浮現(xiàn)在(腦海中)greenadj.綠色的,環(huán)保的【微語(yǔ)法填空】(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷閱讀理解C改編)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Different1.fromourtraditionalthoughts,someecologistsandfashion(時(shí)裝)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfur2.made(make)fromnutria(海貍鼠),3.whichsoundscrazy.Thereasonforthisisthatthenutria4.aredestroying(destroy)vastwetlandseveryyearcurrently.5.Brought(bring)fromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild,6.thecatsizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.

Togivepeopleaguiltfreeoption7.thattheycanwear