護理學基礎習題

護理學基礎習題一、選擇題Healthpromotionandassistingtheclienttoattainahigherlevelofhealthis()theroleofthepublichealthdepartmentanintegralpartofthenursingprocess.Reservedforadvancedpracticenurses.Unrealisticgiventheclientpopulation.Thenurseisawarethatthenormalfetalheartratebetween()60-80beatsperminute60-100beatsperminute80-100beatsperminute80-120beatsperminuteAnurseiscaringforaclientwhohasjustsustainedmultipletrauma.Todetectinternalbleeding,thenursemustfrequentlymonitor()temperaturepulserespirationbloodpressurewhichofthefollowingdietsisappropriateforaclientwithrenalfailureonhemodialysis()Highprotein,highpotassium,highcarbohydrate.Lowprotein,lowpotassium,lowphosphate.Lowprotein,highphosphorous,highsodium.Highprotein,highcalcium,lowfatThenurseknowsthataclientreceivingtotalparenteralnutrition(TPN)willhavetheIVtubingchanged()every24hoursevery48hoursevery72hourseverytimeanewbag/bottleishungForwhichofthefollowingclientswouldyouuseanoralthermometer()a6-month-oldinfantaclientreceivingoxygentherapya42-year-oldhealthyfemaleanunconsciousclientThenormalrespiratoryrateinadultsisconsideredtobe()1to6breathsperminute16to20breathsperminute60to80breathsperminute100to120breathsperminuteWhichofthefollowingisthereasontheintravenousmethodofmedicationadministrationiscalledthemostdangerousrouteofadministration()theveincantakeonlyasmallamountoffluidatatimetheveinmayhardenandbecomenonfunctionalbloodclotsmaybecomeaseriousproblemthedrugisplaceddirectlyintothebloodstreamanditsactionisimmediateWhattypeofsettingisconsideredmoststressfulfornurse()cancertreatmentcentersnursinghomesoperatingroomintensivecareunitsAnolderclient’sskinrequiresspecialcarebecause()subcutaneousfatincreasessebaceousglandssecretemoreoiltheskinbecomesincreasinglydrytheskinthickensProvidingperinealcaretoaclientrequiresthatthenurse()useacleanportionofthewashclothforeachstrokeproceedfrommostcontaminatedtoleastcontaminatedareausesterileglovesleavetheforeskinundisturbedinanuncircumcisedmaleAfteraninitialassessment,thenursedocumentsthepresenceofareddenedareathathasblistered.Accordingtorecognizedstagingsystems,thisulcerisclassifiedas()stageⅠstageⅡstageⅢstageⅣAnolderinvalidclientsitsandslumpsinherchairmostoftheday.Sheismostlikelytodevelopapressureulcerbecauseof()malnutritionshearingforcesedemaachronicdiseaseMs.Sanchezis80yearsold,obese,hasastageⅢsacralpressureulcer.Theprioritynursingdiagnosisis()A.角色強化B.角色缺如C.角色沖突D.角色適應E.角色消退34.患者對醫(yī)院的醫(yī)療護理管理制度提出意見，這體現了患者的權利。A.免除一定社會職責B.享受平等醫(yī)療待遇C.要求醫(yī)護人員保密D.知情、同意E.監(jiān)督35.以下哪項不屬于系統(tǒng)。A.一個醫(yī)院B.一座建筑物C.一群圍觀者D.宇宙E.海洋36.一個新入院的6歲兒童，啼哭不止，并發(fā)生尿床，該患兒的不良行為可能屬于。A.智力低下B.惡作劇C.挑釁性行為D.無意識行為E.退行性行為37.在下述對話中，護士應用了哪一種溝通技巧。病人：“我每天喝少量酒已經好多年了?！弊o士：“請您告訴我您每天喝幾兩酒？喝了多少年了？”A.改述B.復述C.總結D.澄清E.反映38.下列無菌容器使用法哪項不正確。A.打開無菌容器時，容器蓋的無菌面朝上B.手不可觸及容器的內面C.用畢立即將容器蓋嚴D.拿無菌容器時應托住底部E.無菌物品取出后，未用應立即放回39.護理評判性思維的核心目的是。A.診斷推理B.質疑反思C.臨床決策D.鑒別診斷E.演繹推理40.下列影響護理臨床決策的因素中屬于情境因素的是。A.決策風險性B.思維方式C.護理專業(yè)規(guī)范D.病房設置E.情感傾向41.護理程序估計階段的總目的是。A.取得完整高質量的資料B.找出護理問題C.使患者得到整體護理D.改進護理實踐的方法E.提供護理科研資料42.下列目標的陳述哪項是正確的。A.患者能下床行走至門口B.扶患者行走至門邊C.三天內，患者能自己行走至門邊D.患者能夠掌握皮下注射方法E.住院期間，教會患者皮下注射胰島素方法43.護理程序效果評價的核心內容是。A.護理病歷的質量B.護理分工組織形式C.護理人員職責落實D.患者健康狀況的改善E.護理措施的實施情況44.自護理論是由護理理論家提出的。A.南丁格爾B.韓德森C.奧利維亞D.羅杰斯E.奧瑞姆45.以下哪個觀點是貝蒂·紐曼理論的基本觀點。A.人是一個具有基本結構或能源核心的動態(tài)開放系統(tǒng)B.護理的目標是提高護理對象滿足自護需求的能力C.護理的目標是幫助護理對象重建對環(huán)境的積極適應D.護士的任務是滿足護理對象的14項基本需要E.護理的目標是為了提高個體對健康和疾病的適應性46.護送坐輪椅的病人，下坡時應做到。A、拉起踏腳板B、輪椅往前傾C、拉上手閘D、病人的頭及背應向后靠E、護送人走在輪椅前面47.為增強殺菌作用和去污防銹,煮沸時水中可加入。A.0.1%～0.2%氫氧化鈉B.1%～2%碳酸氫鈉C.0.1%亞硝酸鈉D.0.1%～0.5%碳酸鈉E.0.5%醋酸鈉48.下列關于紫外線消毒的敘述正確的是。A.最大殺菌波長為253.7nmB.最佳環(huán)境溫度為30～8C.最佳濕度為50％～80％D.最佳照射距離為5mE.用于空氣消毒的照射時間為1～2h49.下列屬于低效消毒劑的是。A.環(huán)氧乙烷B.新潔爾滅C.過氧乙酸D.福爾馬林E.碘伏50.屬于半污染區(qū)的區(qū)域是。A.值班室B.配餐室C.病區(qū)走廊D.病室E.浴室二、名詞解釋1.NursingProcess2.Disinfection3.prn4.urineincontinence5.TPN6.Highproteindiet7.Hospicecare8.Constipation9.Health(WHO)10.Disinfection11.HolisticNursing12.Sterilization13.lateralposition14.largevolumenon-retentionenema15.intravenousinjection三、簡答題1.Describetheconceptionofnursinginyourownwords.2.Whatispressuresore?Howtopreventit?3.Whatistheprincipleofasepsis?4.簡述輸血“三查八對”原則。5.簡述出院患者床單位終末消毒的基本方法。四、問答題1.A47-year-oldmaniscomingtothehealthclinicforaphysicalexaminationbythenursepractitionerforaroutineemploymentphysical.Thenurseobtainsthefollowingroutinevitalsigns:temperature,36.9℃;rightradicalpulserateof9andirregular;BP,sitting,162/82;SpO295%onroomair;respiratoryrate22.a.Astheadmittingnurse,whatquestionswoundyouaskthisclienttoevaluatehisriskforhypertension?b.Basedonthethesevitalsigns,whatactionshouldyoutake?2.Mrs.Luisisa37-year-oldwomanshohasbeenadmittedwithhematuria.Shehasnoticedbloodinherurineforaweek,butshewashopingitwouldgoaway.Sheistoundergoacystoscopyin4hours.a.Whatisthepurposeofthecystoscopy?b.Whatnursingcareisneededbeforeshegoestotheoperatingroom?c.Giveatleasttwonursingresponsibilitiesforcareoftheclientafterundergoingacystectomy.3.Mr.Santiago,whois88yearsold,livesalone.Withinthepastyearhehasfallentwiceathome,oncebytrippingoverarugandoncewhenhegotuptogotothebathroom