湖南省長(zhǎng)沙麓山國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023-2024-1麓山國(guó)際高三上入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)時(shí)量：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAllthetasteofa4-hourslow-cookedmealwithnoneoftheeffortIndulge(盡情享受)inaslow-cookedmealinminutesIt’snowpossibletoenjoyalltheamazingtasteandflavourofaslowcookedmealwithinminutesthankstoParsleyBox.OurnewSlowCookedrangeisperfectforindulgentnightsinwhenyouwantsomethingdelicious,butconvenient—anydayoftheweek.WithParsleyBox,wedoallthepreparationandhoursofcookingforyou.Simplypopourmealsinthemicrowaveandtheyarereadyinlessthan3minutes.WealsodeliverdirecttoyourdooracrosstheUK.Thatmeanslesstimecookingandshoppingandmoretimeforthethingsyoulove.Plus,ourmealscanbestoredeasilyinyourpantryorcupboardforupto6monthssavingyouthatallimportantfridgeandfreezerspace,andsavingmoneyonenergycoststoo!PremiumrestaurantqualitymealsatanastonishingpriceOurnewmealsaresuretowarmyouup.We’vetakenrestaurantclassicslikeCoqAuVin,BeefBourguignon,ChickenChasseurandBeefStroganoffandmadethemwithcarefullyselectedcutsofmeatandslowcookedthemeatsinrichsaucestodeliverbolddishes.We’vecreatedanexclusiveofferforyouof8ofourslowcookedmeals,twoportionsofdecadentpotatodauphinoiseandaFREEbottleofCabernetSauvignon(375ml)allforanexclusiveintroductorypriceofjust￡34.99.Shoponlinetodayat:parsleybox.com/RD23orcallourfriendlycustomerserviceteamon01313260131andquotecodeRD23.1.WhatservicecanParsleyBoxofferyou?A.Toputyourmealsinthemicrowave. B.Todelivermealsdirecttoyourdoor.C.Tocookmealsforyouinyourkitchen. D.Toplacethemealsinyourcupboard.2.Whichoneofthefollowingisthereasonforqualitymeals?A.Carefullyselectedvegetable. B.Usenosaucestocookthemeat.C.Cookthemeatsslowlywithsauces. D.Mixtwoportionsofpotatoandwine.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toteachpeopletocookdeliciousmeals. B.Toencouragepeopletoordermeals.C.Toallowpeopletoenjoymealsfreeofcharge. D.Toinspirepeopletomakeanadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了提供餐食的ParsleyBox服務(wù)，介紹了服務(wù)和菜品特色?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“WealsodeliverdirecttoyourdooracrosstheUK.(我們也在英國(guó)各地直接送貨上門(mén))”可知，ParsleyBox可以提供直接送餐上門(mén)服務(wù)。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“We’vetakenrestaurantclassicslikeCoqAuVin,BeefBourguignon,ChickenChasseurandBeefStroganoffandmadethemwithcarefullyselectedcutsofmeatandslowcookedthemeatsinrichsaucestodeliverbolddishes.(我們借鑒了CoqAuVin，BeefBourguignon，ChickenChasseur和BeefStroganoff等餐廳經(jīng)典菜肴，用精心挑選的肉塊烹制而成，用豐富的醬汁慢燉，做出大膽的菜肴)”可知，我們選擇了經(jīng)典的餐廳菜品，肉在豐富的醬汁中慢煮，由此可知，優(yōu)質(zhì)膳食的原因是用調(diào)料慢慢煮肉。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Indulge(盡情享受)inaslow-cookedmealinminutes中的“It’snowpossibletoenjoyalltheamazingtasteandflavourofaslowcookedmealwithinminutesthankstoParsleyBox.OurnewSlowCookedrangeisperfectforindulgentnightsinwhenyouwantsomethingdelicious,butconvenient—anydayoftheweek.(多虧了ParsleyBox，現(xiàn)在你可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)享受到一頓慢燉大餐的美味和味道。當(dāng)你想要美味但方便的東西時(shí)，我們的新慢煮系列是完美地享受晚上——一周的任何一天——的東西)”以及最后一段“Shoponlinetodayat:/RD23orcallourfriendlycustomerserviceteamon01313260131andquotecodeRD23(今天在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物：/RD23或致電我們友好的客戶服務(wù)團(tuán)隊(duì)01313260131，報(bào)價(jià)代碼RD23)”可知，文章主要介紹了提供餐食的ParsleyBox服務(wù)，介紹了服務(wù)和菜品特色，由此推知，文章的目的是鼓勵(lì)人們點(diǎn)餐。故選B。B★Restaurants,cafesandthelikeareforeatinganddrinking,right?That’sano-brainer,yousay?That’syournaturalreaction,I’dsay.Now,think.Rewindyourmind.Whatdoyourecall?Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.Whatyouwitnessissmallgroupsreading-writing,eating-sipping,browsing-downloading,copying-pasting,banding-bonding.Youngstersareatitdayafterday,asifthere’snotomorrow,asiftheyareinaraceagainsttimetouploadasmuchknowledgeaspossibleintotheirbrains.Itwasn’tlikethisbefore.Previousgenerationsofstudentswouldvisitcafesforcoffee,tea,softdrinksorsnacks,maybeshareabitofgood-naturedjokeswiththeir”gang“members.Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary.Backinmyhometownduringthelate‘80sandtheearly‘90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatheratourhomes,takingturns,intherun-uptokeyexams.Duringsuch”night-outs“,wewouldstudy,exchangenotes,shareinsights,brainstormtosolvetrickyproblems,anticipatetestquestions,andprepareaccordingly.Notinfrequently,wewoulddiscusssportsevents,movies,filmstarsand,ofcourse,girls.Digital-agekidsdoitdifferentlynow.Why?Icanonlyguess.TheforemostreasonisfreeWi-Fiandallthatitoffers.Theenvironmentatinstitutionallibrariesmaynotbetomillennials’(千禧一代的)liking.Or,isitbigpocketmoneyorsalaryearnedfrompart-timejobs?Maybe,justagenerationalthing,alifestyletrend,ortheresultofthesingle-childsystem.Oneofmyyoungercolleagues,abusinessjournalist,lastmonthmarriedherchildhoodsweetheart,aheartsurgeon,and,shetoldme,itallstartedbackatschool.So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,soimportantwhenaddictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.4.Whatfactdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningtrendycafes?A.Theyaredigitallypowered. B.Theyreplacecollegelibraries.C.Theyarespecificallydesigned. D.Theybecometeenagehangouts.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”it“inParagraph6referto?A.Exam-relatedstudy. B.Theuseofcomputers.C.Movie-themeddiscussion. D.Socialcommunication.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesrestaurantsandbarsinthelastparagraph?A.Old-fashionedinstyle. B.Helpfulforsocialinteractions.C.Luxuriousindecoration. D.Convenientforuse.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RestaurantsandCafesintheDigitalTimesB.HowMillennialsAreChangingRestaurantsC.Eat,Study,BondatWi-Fi-Enabled”Temples“D.BestCafeswithFreeWi-FiforWorkorStudy【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇為說(shuō)明文。主要講了現(xiàn)在的年輕人喜歡呆在有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的咖啡館里，聚會(huì)、工作或?qū)W習(xí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?”（餐館和咖啡館難道不是新的學(xué)習(xí)殿堂嗎?）和第三段“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.”（對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)髦的咖啡館是新的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所，是共同學(xué)習(xí)的中心。）可知，關(guān)于時(shí)尚咖啡館，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的事實(shí)是它們成了青少年常去的地方。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由第四段“Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary.”（對(duì)于考試相關(guān)的學(xué)習(xí)，城市圖書(shū)館或大學(xué)圖書(shū)館都有安靜的區(qū)域。）和第五段“Backinmyhometownduringthelate‘80sandtheearly‘90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatheratourhomes,takingturns,intherun-uptokeyexams.”（上世紀(jì)80年代末和90年代初，在我的家鄉(xiāng)，我和幾個(gè)同學(xué)會(huì)輪流聚集在家里，準(zhǔn)備重要的考試。）可知，這里的it指的是考試相關(guān)的學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,soimportantwhenaddictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.”（因此，餐館和咖啡館促進(jìn)了現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的互動(dòng)，這在沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)社交媒體使年輕人變得不善交際的情況下非常重要。）可知，餐館或咖啡館促進(jìn)年輕人在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的互動(dòng)，所以是有作用的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段尾句“Aren’trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?”（餐館和咖啡館難道不是新的學(xué)習(xí)殿堂嗎?）和第三段首句“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.”（對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)髦的咖啡館是新的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所，是共同學(xué)習(xí)的中心。）可知，文章主要講了有網(wǎng)絡(luò)氛圍的餐館和咖啡館不僅僅是吃飯的地方，它們成為年輕人小聚、工作或?qū)W習(xí)的場(chǎng)所，故選C項(xiàng)。CAnthillPlasticsGroup,inClearwater,Florida,recentlywelcomedanewteammember.Onhisfirstdayroutineheperformedtherepetitivetasksrequiredofhimwithflexibility,cooperatingcomfortablyalongsideemployees.Sawyerisoneofthefleetofrobotsnowlaboringintheworld’sfactories.Someearlierindustrialrobotshavebeencreatedtodisplacepeople.Instead,Sawyerisacollaborativerobot,alsoknownasa“co-bot”.Directinteractionbetweenrobotsandhumansatworkischangingthefaceofmanufacturing.Suchinteractionalsomeansthatroboticistsneedtodesigneffectiveteammatesaswellasefficientworkers.Co-botsoperateinafieldwherehumanthoughts,humanmodesofcommunicationandhumansafetyareparamount(首要的).RethinkRobotics,afirminBoston,hadthisinmindwhenitdevelopedSawyer,aone-armedco-bot,andhistwo-armedcolleague,Baxter,withcamerasandtouchsensors.Andtheirmostnoticeablefeatureisascreenthatdisplayscartoonlikehumanfacialelements.Suchfacesarenotmeanttopleaseworkers(thoughtheydo).Theyare,rather,in-tendedtopromotecommunicationbetweenhumansandmachines.Thenthereisabasicprecaution.Iftherobotdetectsforcetoppingasafelevel,itstopsmovinginstantly,toensurethereisnoriskofinjurytoanyone.Toomuchofthisstop-startcan,however,lowerefficiency.ResearchersofRethinkRoboticshavefound,bytrackingindetailhumanmovementssuchastherelationshipbetweenshouldersandelbows,ortheswingofthebody,thattheycanpredictwherearobotshouldavoidbeingnext,ifitistoavoidhumancontact.RethinkRoboticsarealsolookingatsafety-intheircasebycreatingrobotswithsoftertoplayers.Softermaterialsnotonlyprovidegreaterflexibilityfortheco-botswhengrasping,butalsolessentheriskofinjurywhenincidentalcontactismadebetweenhumansandrobots.Howlong,ifever,itwillbebeforesuchrobotstrulymatchthemarketingsloganoftheSiriusCyberneticsCorporation,afictionalfirminDouglasAdams’screation,“TheHitchhiker’sGuidetotheGalaxy”,remainstobeseen.Butevenifnotactuallyfuntobewith,yourplasticpalwillbecomeincreasinglyeffective.8.WhywasSawyerinventedaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Toworkwithhumanworkers. B.Todealwiththerepetitivetasks.C.Toenableworkerstoworkflexibly. D.Toreplacethelongtimeemployees.9Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.Baxterisanupdatedco-bot. B.Robotshavecartoonlikehumanfaces.C.Co-botsaredesignedforefficientworkers. D.Human-centeredneedsareco-bots’priority.10.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindecreasingco-bots’efficiency?A.Trackinghumanmovements. B.Predictingalowerrisknearby.C.Constantlystoptoavoidpotentialrisks. D.Frequentlyphysicalcontactwithhumans.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsco-bots?A.Tolerant. B.Ambiguous. C.Appreciative. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人Sawyer是一個(gè)協(xié)作機(jī)器人，可以與人合作。介紹了Sawyer的特點(diǎn)以及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Instead,Sawyerisacollaborativerobot,alsoknownasa“co-bot”.(相反，Sawyer是一個(gè)協(xié)作機(jī)器人，也被稱為“co-bot”)”可知，發(fā)明Sawyer是為了與人合作。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Co-botsoperateinafieldwherehumanthoughts,humanmodesofcommunicationandhumansafetyareparamount(首要的).(在合作機(jī)器人運(yùn)作的領(lǐng)域，人類的思維、人類的溝通模式和人類的安全是最重要的)”可推知，以人為本的需求是合作機(jī)器人的優(yōu)先考慮。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Iftherobotdetectsforcetoppingasafelevel,itstopsmovinginstantly,toensurethereisnoriskofinjurytoanyone.Toomuchofthisstop-startcan,however,lowerefficiency.(如果機(jī)器人檢測(cè)到力超過(guò)安全水平，它會(huì)立即停止移動(dòng)，以確保任何人都沒(méi)有受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。然而，這種“走走停停”過(guò)多會(huì)降低效率)”可知，造成工作效率低下的原因是co-bots隨時(shí)會(huì)為避免危險(xiǎn)而停下.故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butevenifnotactuallyfuntobewith,yourplasticpalwillbecomeincreasinglyeffective.(但即使和你的塑料伙伴在一起并不有趣，你的塑料伙伴也會(huì)變得越來(lái)越有效)”可推知，作者對(duì)協(xié)作機(jī)器人持欣賞、支持的態(tài)度。故選C。DScientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(鐮狀細(xì)胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.TheexperimentaltransfusionwasdoneatAddenbrooke’sHospitalinCambridge,England,aspartofacollaborative(合作的)effortamongUKscientiststounderstandhowlab-madebloodtransfusionscouldwork.ThescientiststookwholebloodfromdonorsinaUKdatabaseandseparatedoutthestemcells.Thesearethebody’srawmaterials—thecellsfromwhichallspecializedcells,likearedbloodcell,cangenerate.Theresearchersgrewredbloodcellsfromthosestemcellsandtransfusedthemintotwohealthyvolunteers.Thetransfusionsinvolvedonlyatinyamountofblood:theequivalentofoneortwoteaspoons.Astandardbloodtransfusionwouldinvolvemanyhundredtimesthatamount.Thisstageofthetrialinvolvestwominitransfusionsatleastfourmonthsapart,onewithastandarddonationofredcellsandtheotherwithlab-madecellsfromthesamedonor.Theresearchersarecloselymonitoringthevolunteerstodeterminewhethertheprocesswassafe.Theysaytherehavebeenwith“nosideeffects”sofar.They’realsowatchinghowlongthelab-growncellslastcomparedwithaninfusion(灌輸)ofstandardredbloodcells.Redbloodcellstypicallylastabout120days,butatransfusionfromastandarddonationcontainscellsthatareavarietyofagesbecausethebonemarrow(骨髓)continuouslymakesthesecells.Previoustestshaveshownthatmanufacturedcellsfunctionlikenormalcellsandthattheselab-madecellsarelikelytosurvivelongeroverallwhileincirculation.Thisstudywilldetermineforthefirsttimewhetherthat’strue.Furthertrialswillbenecessarytodeterminewhethertherecouldbeaclinicaluseofthislab-grownproduct.Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferencetopeoplewithsicklecelldisease,thosewhodevelopantibodies(抗體)againstmostdonorbloodtypes,orthosewithgeneticdisordersinwhichtheirbodycan’tmakeredbloodcellsorthebloodcellstheymakedon’tworkwell.12.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthelab-maderedbloodcellstransfusion?A.Itmaymakeiteasiertogetblooddonors.B.Itmaygrowredbloodcellsfromthestemcells.C.Itmayendthedangeroustransfusionreactions.D.Itmaydevelopantibodiesagainstmanydonorbloodtypes.13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexperimentalprocedure?A.Itiswidelyconsiderednotsafedespitemanyexperiments.B.Thetwominitransfusionsshouldn’tbecarriedoutcloselytogether.C.Theresearcherstransfusedstemcellsintovolunteerstomonitorthem.D.Astandardbloodtransfusiononlyneedtoinvolveatinyamountofblood.14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Theprocessoflab-madebloodtransfusionsprovessafesofar.B.Lab-madecellssurvivelongeroverallthannormalcellsincirculation.C.Therearetwominitransfusionswithlab-madecellsintheexperiment.D.Thestemcells,asthebody’srawmaterials,can’tproducered1bloodcells.15.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Asmallamountofbloodcanmakeadifference.B.Lab-madecellsoutweighnormalcellsinatransfusion.C.Lab-madecellscancontributetoblood-relateddiseases.DLab-madecelltransfusionscanreplacenormalblooddonations.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述科學(xué)家們?cè)谑澜缟鲜状螌?shí)驗(yàn)室制造的紅細(xì)胞輸進(jìn)一名人類志愿者體內(nèi)，專家們認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)對(duì)患有罕見(jiàn)血液病的人有巨大的潛力。文章介紹了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)和發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(鐮狀細(xì)胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.(在世界首例試驗(yàn)中，科學(xué)家將實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的紅細(xì)胞輸注到一名人類志愿者體內(nèi)。專家說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)對(duì)血型難以匹配或患有鐮狀細(xì)胞病等疾病的人具有重大潛力。這項(xiàng)研究有一天可能意味著長(zhǎng)期尋找合適的供體或危險(xiǎn)的輸血反應(yīng)的結(jié)束)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的紅細(xì)胞輸血功能是它可能結(jié)束危險(xiǎn)的輸血反應(yīng)。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisstageofthetrialinvolvestwominitransfusionsatleastfourmonthsapart,onewithastandarddonationofredcellsandtheotherwithlab-madecellsfromthesamedonor.(試驗(yàn)的這一階段包括兩次相隔至少4個(gè)月的小規(guī)模輸血，一次是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)捐獻(xiàn)的紅細(xì)胞，另一次是來(lái)自同一捐贈(zèng)者的實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的細(xì)胞)”可知，兩次微量輸血不能緊密地同時(shí)進(jìn)行。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Theresearchersarecloselymonitoringthevolunteerstodeterminewhethertheprocesswassafe.Theysaytherehavebeenwith“nosideeffects”sofar.(研究人員正在密切監(jiān)視志愿者，以確定這個(gè)過(guò)程是否安全。他們說(shuō)，到目前為止，還沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)“副作用”)”可知，A選項(xiàng)“到目前為止，實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的輸血過(guò)程是安全的”正確。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavetransfusedlab-maderedbloodcellsintoahumanvolunteerinaworld-firsttrialthatexpertssayhasmajorpotentialforpeoplewithhard-to-matchbloodtypesorconditionssuchassicklecell(鐮狀細(xì)胞)disease.Theresearchcouldsomedaymeananendtolongsearchesforcompatible(兼容的)donorsordangeroustransfusionreactions.(在世界首例試驗(yàn)中，科學(xué)家將實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的紅細(xì)胞輸注到一名人類志愿者體內(nèi)。專家說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)對(duì)血型難以匹配或患有鐮狀細(xì)胞病等疾病的人具有重大潛力。這項(xiàng)研究有一天可能意味著長(zhǎng)期尋找合適的供體或危險(xiǎn)的輸血反應(yīng)的結(jié)束)”以及最后一段“Theresearchcouldeventuallymakeadifferencetopeoplewithsicklecelldisease,thosewhodevelopantibodies(抗體)againstmostdonorbloodtypes,orthosewithgeneticdisordersinwhichtheirbodycan’tmakeredbloodcellsorthebloodcellstheymakedon’tworkwell.(這項(xiàng)研究最終可能會(huì)對(duì)鐮狀細(xì)胞病患者、對(duì)大多數(shù)供體血型產(chǎn)生抗體的人、或者那些身體不能制造紅細(xì)胞或制造的血細(xì)胞不能正常工作的遺傳疾病患者產(chǎn)生影響)”結(jié)合文章介紹了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)和發(fā)現(xiàn)?？芍?，這篇文章主要講了實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造的細(xì)胞可能有助于血液相關(guān)疾病。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?____16____FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.____17____Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.Sohowdoweavoidbeingtrappedintoourowninsecuritiesbysocialmedia?Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.____18____Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.____19____Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.Leantoshakeitoff.Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?____20____Andevenifyouaremoreeasilyaffectedthanothersbysocialmediaenvy,allyouneedtodoistolookaroundyouandacknowledgethatyouaredoingprettywellafterall.A.Ifso,youarenotalone.B.Valueyourfriendsinreallife.C.Learntoappreciatethepositives.D.Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?E.TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.F.Thefeelingthatweareleftouthaslong-termdamagingpsychologicalconsequences.GHaveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.C20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何避免社交媒體中的嫉妒感?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?(你是否經(jīng)常感到生活離你而去，尤其是當(dāng)你瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站時(shí)，面對(duì)著朋友們正在做的所有令人興奮的事情?)”及下一段“FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople’slivesaresuperiortoourown.Itappearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonourself-esteem(自尊).(FOMO指的是別人的生活比我們自己的生活更優(yōu)越的看法。它表現(xiàn)為一種強(qiáng)烈的嫉妒感，持續(xù)暴露在這種情緒下會(huì)削弱我們的自尊。)”可知，空處為承上啟下句，即強(qiáng)烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感覺(jué)，引出下文對(duì)FOMO的介紹。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Ifso,youarenotalone.(如果是這樣，你并不孤單。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveaddedfueltothefire.(嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人類的天性，而社交媒體似乎在火上澆油。)”和后文“Socialmedia,withitsbuilt-inappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.(社交媒體，以其固有的吸引力，讓我們只分享我們生活中最好的一面，而忽略了更無(wú)聊的方面。雖然這可以被定性為不誠(chéng)實(shí)，但這似乎是社交媒體所需要的氛圍。)”可知，空處提問(wèn)社交媒體為什么會(huì)有火上澆油的刺激作用，以引出下文對(duì)其原因的介紹。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?(為什么它有這樣的刺激作用？)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.(考慮一下你自己的社交媒體帖子。)”和后文“Well,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey’velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone’slife,andyou’renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.(其他人也是如此。而他們所隱藏的事實(shí)是，無(wú)聊、孤獨(dú)和不愉快的家務(wù)是每個(gè)人生活中不可避免的一部分，你不是唯一一個(gè)被忽略的人。)”可知，呈現(xiàn)在社交媒體上一般都是經(jīng)過(guò)選擇過(guò)的，代表生活美好方面的。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Haveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?(你有沒(méi)有選擇過(guò)一些照片，讓別人對(duì)你的生活得出最美好的結(jié)論？)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?9題詳解】空處為本段主題句，根據(jù)后文“Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.(你可能不是高檔派對(duì)的常客，也不是攀登令人眼花繚亂的高峰的人，但你有健康的身體，有居住的地方，有真正的朋友，他們會(huì)欣賞你在他們生活中的存在。)”可知，本段主要介紹要學(xué)會(huì)欣賞積極的事物。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Learntoappreciatethepositives.(學(xué)會(huì)欣賞積極的事物。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeople’sperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?(我們每天都被別人完美的照片淹沒(méi)，但說(shuō)真的，這有什么關(guān)系呢?)”可知，我們不能社交媒體上的完美照片的影響，因?yàn)樗鼈儾灰欢ㄊ钦鎸?shí)的。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.(它們可能并不比最有趣的電視真人秀更真實(shí)。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Changsha,capitalofcentralChina’sHunanProvince,is___21___itselfintothecountry’sleadingcenterof___22___manufacturing.Thecity’sclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanieshasbeenincludedinChina’sfirstlistof15sophisticatedmanufacturingclusters.Inrecentyears,Changshahas___23___promotedthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofitsmanufacturingindustry,improvedthesector’scomprehensivestrengthandoptimizeditsindustrial___24___.Thecityhascontinuously___25___itsinnovationcapacityandseena___26___ofmajorinnovationoutcomes.Ithasalsopromotedtheextensiveapplicationofinformationtechnologiesinindustrialization,makingits___27___manufacturinga___28___.“Asa___29___inbuildingtheclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanies,theChangshaConstructionMachineryIndustryAssociationencouragedcompaniesto___30___over220newproductsandtechnologies,amongwhichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChinaandeventheworld,breakingtechnological___31___,”saidWuJingsheng,executivevicepresidentoftheassociation.Theassociationalso___32___inthesecondChangshaInternationalConstructionEquipmentExhibitionheldinChangshaandorganizedfivethemedforums.ItalsotookpartinthefirstChinaConstructionMachineryLeasingConferenceheldinthecity,whichattractedover1,500leasingcompaniesforofflineactivitiesandover20,000enterprisesfor___33___activities.“ChangshawillbuilditselfintoaleadingadvancedmanufacturingclusterinChinaand___34___anexampleinthisregard,soastodrive___35___industrialdevelopmentintheChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanmetropolitanareaandtherestofHunanProvince,”saidKangXiaoping,directoroftheChangshamunicipalindustryandinformationtechnologybureau.21.A.transforming B.reforming C.catering D.devoting22.A.industrial B.major C.advanced D.apical23.A.randomly B.vigorously C.casually D.frequently24.A.pattern B.standard C.design D.prospect25.A.adjusted B.renewed C.enhanced D.accelerate26.A.discovery B.tendency C.revise D.stream27.A.unmanned B.sensitive C.special D.intelligent28.A.helpinghand B.callingcard C.growingtrend D.pullingarm29.A.tutor B.pioneer C.follower D.core30.A.putup B.setoff C.rollout D.lookinto31.A.steppingstones B.bottlenecks C.drawbacks D.ties32.A.participated B.appeared C.directed D.starred33.A.other B.online C.relevant D.vis-à-vis34.A.buildup B.turnto C.setup D.beatdown35.A.coordinated B.decentralized C.prosperous D.healthy【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29.B30.C31.B32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)中部湖南省的省會(huì)長(zhǎng)沙正在轉(zhuǎn)型為全國(guó)領(lǐng)先的先進(jìn)制造業(yè)中心，介紹了其推動(dòng)制造業(yè)發(fā)展所付出的努力以及取得的成就?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：長(zhǎng)沙，中國(guó)中部湖南省的省會(huì)，正在轉(zhuǎn)型為全國(guó)領(lǐng)先的先進(jìn)制造業(yè)中心。A.transforming變換；B.reforming改革；C.catering迎合；D.devoting致力于。根據(jù)后文“itselfintothecountry’sleadingcenterof”指長(zhǎng)沙正在轉(zhuǎn)型成為制造業(yè)中心。故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：長(zhǎng)沙，中國(guó)中部湖南省的省會(huì)，正在轉(zhuǎn)型為全國(guó)領(lǐng)先的先進(jìn)制造業(yè)中心。A.industrial工業(yè)的；B.major主要的；C.advanced先進(jìn)的；D.apical頂端的。根據(jù)后文“Thecity’sclusterofengineeringmachinerycompanieshasbeenincludedinChina’sfirstlistof15sophisticatedmanufacturingclusters.”可知，長(zhǎng)沙工程機(jī)械企業(yè)集群已被列入中國(guó)首批15個(gè)高端制造業(yè)集群名單，說(shuō)明正在轉(zhuǎn)型為全國(guó)領(lǐng)先的先進(jìn)制造業(yè)中心。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：近年來(lái)，長(zhǎng)沙市大力推動(dòng)制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，提升制造業(yè)綜合實(shí)力，優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)模式。A.randomly隨機(jī)地；B.vigorously有力地；C.casually隨意地；D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)后文“promotedthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofitsmanufacturingindustry”可知，要轉(zhuǎn)型，說(shuō)明要大力推動(dòng)制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：近年來(lái)，長(zhǎng)沙市大力推動(dòng)制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，提升制造業(yè)綜合實(shí)力，優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)模式。A.pattern模式；B.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.prospect前景。根據(jù)上文“optimizeditsindustrial”可知，長(zhǎng)沙要成為制造業(yè)中心，就要優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)模式。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：創(chuàng)新能力不斷增強(qiáng)，重大創(chuàng)新成果不斷涌現(xiàn)。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.renewed重新開(kāi)始；C.enhanced增強(qiáng)；D.accelerate加速。根據(jù)后文“itsinnovationcapacity”可知，長(zhǎng)沙在不斷增強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新能力。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：創(chuàng)新能力不斷增強(qiáng)，重大創(chuàng)新成果不斷涌現(xiàn)。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.tendency趨勢(shì)；C.revise修訂；D.stream小河。根據(jù)后文“ofmajorinnovationoutcomes”指重大創(chuàng)新成果不斷涌現(xiàn)，此處為astreamof表示“一系列”。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：推動(dòng)信息化在工業(yè)化中的廣泛應(yīng)用，使智能制造成為中國(guó)的名片。A.unmanned無(wú)人的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.special特別的；D.intelligent聰明的，智能的。根據(jù)上文“theextensiveapplicationofinformationtechnologies”可知，長(zhǎng)沙在推動(dòng)信息化，即進(jìn)行智能制造。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：推動(dòng)信息化在工業(yè)化中的廣泛應(yīng)用，使智能制造成為中國(guó)的名片。A.helpinghand援助之手；B.callingcard名片；C.growingtrend發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；D.pullingarm劃水臂。根據(jù)上文可知長(zhǎng)沙為了成為制造業(yè)中心進(jìn)行了種種努力，其目標(biāo)是為了成為中國(guó)制造業(yè)的名片。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“作為建設(shè)工程機(jī)械企業(yè)集群的先驅(qū)者，長(zhǎng)沙市工程機(jī)械行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)推出220多種新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)，其中5種產(chǎn)品是國(guó)內(nèi)乃至世界首創(chuàng)，突破了技術(shù)瓶頸?！眳f(xié)會(huì)常務(wù)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)吳京生說(shuō)。A.tutor家庭教師；B.pioneer先鋒；C.follower追隨者；D.core核心。根據(jù)后文“whichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChina”可知，長(zhǎng)沙是建設(shè)工程機(jī)械企業(yè)集群的先驅(qū)者，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“作為建設(shè)工程機(jī)械企業(yè)集群的先驅(qū)者，長(zhǎng)沙市工程機(jī)械行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)推出220多種新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)，其中5種產(chǎn)品是國(guó)內(nèi)乃至世界首創(chuàng)，突破了技術(shù)瓶頸。”協(xié)會(huì)常務(wù)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)吳京生說(shuō)。A.putup提供；B.setoff出發(fā)；C.rollout推出；D.lookinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)“over220newproductsandtechnologies”指推出220多種新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“作為建設(shè)工程機(jī)械企業(yè)集群的先驅(qū)者，長(zhǎng)沙市工程機(jī)械行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)推出220多種新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)，其中5種產(chǎn)品是國(guó)內(nèi)乃至世界首創(chuàng)，突破了技術(shù)瓶頸?！眳f(xié)會(huì)常務(wù)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)吳京生說(shuō)。A.steppingstones踏腳石；B.bottlenecks瓶頸；C.drawbacks缺點(diǎn)；D.ties結(jié)。根據(jù)上文“whichfiveproductsarethefirstoftheirkindinChinaandeventheworld,breakingtechnological”可知，長(zhǎng)沙推出的產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)中，其中5種產(chǎn)品是國(guó)內(nèi)乃至世界首創(chuàng)，突破了技術(shù)瓶頸，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：協(xié)會(huì)還參加了在長(zhǎng)沙舉辦的第二屆長(zhǎng)沙國(guó)際工程設(shè)備展覽會(huì)，并組織了五場(chǎng)主題論壇。A.participated參加；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.directed指導(dǎo)；D.starred主演。根據(jù)后文“inthesecondChangshaInternationalConstructionEquipmentExhibition”指參加展覽會(huì)，應(yīng)用participate。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它還參加了首屆中國(guó)工程機(jī)械租賃大會(huì)，吸引了1500多家租賃公司線下活