廣東省惠州市2021屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版）

惠州市2021屆高三第一次模擬考試試題英語(yǔ)試卷共8頁(yè)，卷面滿分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆直接將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms(節(jié)氣).TheSpringEquinox(春分),asthefourthtermoftheyear,startsonMarch20andendsonApril3thisyear.HerearethingsyoumaynotknowabouttheSpringEquinox.SwallowsflyingnorthTheancientChinesepeopledividedthefifteendaysoftheSpringEquinoxintothree“hou’s”,orfive-dayparts.Astheoldsayinggoes,swallowsflybacktotheNorthinthefirsthou;thundercrackstheskyinthesecondhou;lightningoccursfrequentlyinthethirdhou.ItvividlyrevealstheclimatefeatureduringtheSpringEquinox.Egg-standinggamesStandinganegguprightisapopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinox.Itisanoldcustomthatdatesbackto4,000yearsago.Itisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand,hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.FlyingkitesTheSpringEquinoxisagoodtimetoflykites.Inancienttimes,peopledidnothavegoodmedicalresources.Toprayforhealth,theywrotetheirmedicalissuesonapaperkite.Whenthekitewasintheair,peoplewouldcutoffthestringtoletthepaperkitefloataway,symbolizingtheflyingawayofdiseases.EatingspringvegetablesEatingspringvegetablesduringtheSpringEquinoxisacommonlypracticedcustominmanyregionsofChina.Springvegetablesrefertoseasonalvegetablesthatdifferfromplacetoplace.TheancientteachingsintheChineseclassic,HuangdiNeijing,suggestthatpeopleeatseasonalfoodstohelppreservehealthandbringgoodluck.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedabouttheSpringEquinox?A.Timedivision. B.Climatefeature.C.Customaryactivities. D.Historicalstories.2.WhatwouldancientChinesepeopledotoprayforhealth?A.Standeggs. B.Flykites.C.Eatspringvegetables. D.Observetheimmigrationofbirds.3.Whoarethetargetreadersofthetext?A.Thegeneralpublic. B.Chinesefarmers.C.Cultureresearchers. D.Weatherreporters.BIcanrememberwhenmydaughterMaggie,whoisnowsix,usedtocrawlintomylapandsay,“Daddy,readmeastory.”Lastyearsheannounced,“Daddy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”Maggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.Afewyearsago,wewereworriednotonlythatwe’dnevergetthechildrenawayfromthesetlongenoughtolearntoread,butthatwe’dforgethowtoreadourselves.Butin1955therewasnotonlymorereadingthanbeforeTV,butmorereadingthaneverbeforeinhistory.Clearly,readinghassurvivedtelevisionasithassurvivedalotofotherthings.WhenIwassix,awailwentupaboutmenaces(威脅)toreadingathome:motorcarsandcinema.WhenMaggiecamealong,therewastelevision.Themotorcar,theradio,thecinemaandtelevisiondotakeupalotoftime.Well,we’vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit’s44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,it’llbe30.Andthere’llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She’llhavetoread.Youcan’twatchTVallday.AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI’malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn’talljoy.Likelifeitself,it’smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy(狂喜)todespair.Maggiewilllearntotaketheroughwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomoflong-deadgeniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.Andsomeday,ifshe’slucky,she’llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,“Mummy,I’mgoingtoreadyouastory.”4.WhydotheyounggenerationlikeMaggiehavemoreaccesstoreading?A.Theyfacelessworkingpressure.B.Thereismoretimeavailableforreading.C.Theirparentsencouragethemmoreoften.D.Theyhaveastrongerdesireforknowledge.5.WhatmakestheauthorenviousofMaggie?A.Herexposuretoclassicreading. B.Herproductiveworksinwriting.C.Herwildimaginationindailylife. D.Herspiritualreflectiononthebooks.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6imply?A.Maggiehasrichexperiences.BMaggiehasagoodplanforreading.C.Maggiewillbenefitalotfromreading.D.Maggieisontheroadtobecomingagenius.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.ReadingmakesMaggieafortunategirl.B.MoregirlslikeMaggieenjoytellingstories.C.Maggie’sdaughterbringsherthebiggestthrill.D.Itisablessingthatreadingcanbepasseddown.CAtsomepointinourlives,mostofushaveattendedaschooloruniversitylecture.Theselearningsessionsgiveussomeinsightfulandvaluableknowledgeorcanbesomethingweyawnthrough,tryingtokeepawake.Whateverourexperience,lectureshavebeenandstillarethemostcommonteachingmethodineducation.Butwilltheyexistinthefuture?WiththegrowthoftheInternetandsomuchinformationatourfingertips,youmaythinkthereisnoneedtogathertogetheratafixedlocationholdingahandfuloftextbooks.BBCjournalistMattPicklessays,“Researchhasshownthatstudentsrememberaslittleas10percentoftheirlecturesjustdaysafterwards.”P(pán)rofessorCarlWieman,whocampaignsagainstthetraditionallecture,felttalkingatstudentsandexpectingthemtoabsorbknowledgewasnotthateffectivesoheintroduced“activelearning”thatencouragesproblemsolvinginsmallgroups.Helistenstothemandguidestheirdiscussions.Theresulthasimprovedexamresults.Othernewalternativestothelecturehaveincludedpeer-to-peerlearningandproject-basedlearningthatenablestudentstolinkupandworkcooperativelyonprojectssuchasbuildingacomputergame.Butnewlearningmethodscancomeatahighfinancialcostcomparedtotherelativelycheapwayofbeingtaughtfacetofacebyanacademic.TherealissueaccordingtoProfessorDanButin,foundingdeanoftheschoolofeducationandsocialpolicyatMerrimackCollegeinMassachusetts,isthat“Academicsputthousandsofhoursofworkintotheirbooksandmuchlesstimeintothinkingabouttheeffectivenessoftheirteachingstyle.”Buthesays,“Thelecturehassurvivedbecauseresearch,notteaching,determinesthesuccessofauniversityanditsacademics.”Soifresearchqualityisameasureofauniversity’ssuccessandmoneyistight,thenthelecturecouldbehereforalittlelonger.8.WhatmayMattPicklesagreewith?A.Studentshaveapoormemory.B.Studentsdon’tworkhardenough.C.Lecturesarenotsoeffectiveasexpected.D.TheInternetoffersfarmoreinformationthanlectures.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Teachingprojects. B.Learningstrategies.C.Alternativestolectures. D.Waysofcommunication.10.WhywilllecturesstillexistinthefutureaccordingtoProfessorDanButin?A.Theypromoteactivelearning. B.Theycallfortheleastmemorywork.C.Theydeterminethesuccessofauniversity. D.Theycontributetoacademicachievements.11.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bylistingopinions.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Byconcludinggeneralrules.DEveryfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.ModernfarmersviewElNi?ostoically(堅(jiān)忍地).Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,“better”.DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement—andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday’swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNi?oyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNi?oyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem.12.WhatdoweknowaboutElNi?ofromthetext?A.Itcanbeusedinfarming. B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.CIthaslittleinfluenceonbusiness. D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.13.WhatmadethefarmsinPampadeMocanproductive?A.Richsoil. B.Agreeableclimate.C.Abundantrainfall. D.Agriculturalconstructions.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNi?o?A.Approving. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Negative.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingElNi?o B.LivingwithElNi?oC.FarminginDifferentTimes D.LearningfromHistory第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Amsterdam’sBlossomingBikesPopUpBrightlycolouredbikesdecoratedinflowers,butterfliesandclockshavebeenpoppingupalloverAmsterdamforyears.____16____.TheyarefromanAmericanmannamedWarrenGregory.KnownfondlyastheFlowerBikeMan,Warren’sbike-decoratingcampaignbeganwhenhiswifecouldn’tfindherbikeatAmsterdamCentral.Warren’swife,Michelle,oftenstruggledtorememberdetailslikewheresheparkedherbike.Tohelpherout,Warrendecoratedherbikeinbrightflowers.____17____.Hethendecoratedabunchofabandonedbikes,whichheleftalongtheroutehomesothatshewouldnevergetlostagain.____18____.Warrenstarteddecoratingmorebikes,andthenventuredoutintothestreetsearlyinthemorningtoleavehisgiftstotheworldbeforethecitywokeup.Eachbikewascarefullynamedandhaditsownpersonality,allrepresentingloveandhappiness.Warrencreatesthebikesusingmoneyoutofhisownpocket,andusesold,abandonedbikesthathecollects.Bringingtheseforgottenwrecksbacktolifeisbeautifulinsomanyways.Inacountrywherepeoplelovebikessomuch,it’snowonderthatWarrenhasbecomeatreasureinAmsterdam.PeopleloveWarren’sbicyclessomuchthattheyinsistonpayingforhiscreations.____19____.“Forme,seeingthebikesIcreatedisenough,”hesaid.Otherthanbeingacreativeartist,Warrenisalsoareallyniceguy.HisInstagrampostsarefloodedwithencouragementsandwordsoflove,andyoucanfeelthetimeandlovethathepoursintoeverybikethathecreates.____20____.A.ButtheyareunacceptableB.Inthatcase,itwouldbeeasiertofindC.ButmoneyisneverhismainmotivationD.YoumaywonderwhytheyaresopopularE.Joyofpassers-bygeneratedhisfurtherenthusiasmF.WetrulyneedmorepeopleliketheFlowerBikeManG.TheyarenottheworksfromamysteriousDutchbikefairy第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Isla’sbigdaywasfinallyhere.Shehadbeenadmittedintothelawschoolofher____21____andwastoflytheretobeginhernewlife.Althoughshehadgottenthenewsofher____22____twomonthsago,itwasn’tuntilshegotupfromtheplaneseatthatsherealizedhow____23____shereallywas.Herlegswereshaking,herheartwas____24____,andherforeheadwassweating.Havingworkedso____25____togethere,sheknewthatshehadnothingtobeafraidof____26____,theworldoutsidehernewapartmentlookedmuchtooscaryto____27____.Thebrightsunthatshewassousedtoseeingwasnowheretobeseen.Everyone’saccentsseemedcompletely____28____,andthepeopleevenseemedtallerthannormal.Shestayedinthe____29____ofherapartmentuntilitwastimeforherclassthefollowingafternoon.Astheprofessoraskedsomebasicquestionstoseewhat_____30_____everyonewasat,Isla’smindwentcompletely_____31_____.“Ohno!”shethoughttoherself.“I’mnoteven_____32_____tobehere!Everyoneknowssomuchmorethanme.”Justthen,theprofessorpointedatherandaskedheraquestion._____33_____asshewas,theanswerwasjustblurtedout(脫口而出)instinctively.“_____34_____!”saidtheteacher.“You’lldojustgreathere,”she_____35_____her.Astheteacherwalkedaway,Islawasallsmiles.21.A.courses B.dreams C.cases D.ideas22A.acceptance B.excellence C.requirement D.arrangement23.A.serious B.excited C.weak D.nervous24.A.beating B.ringing C.racing D.sinking25.A.happily B.confidently C.hard D.deep26A.Instead B.Still C.Moreover D.Otherwise27.A.face B.change C.learn D.build28.A.unfamiliar B.unknown C.impolite D.impatient29.A.warmth B.safety C.convenience D.silence30.A.age B.level C.point D.rate31.A.dark B.wild C.blank D.wrong32.A.supposed B.prepared C.determined D.meant33.A.Cheerful B.Proud C.Surprised D.Frightened34.A.Enjoyable B.Lucky C.Thankful D.Impressive35.A.reminded B.awarded C.assured D.persuaded第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Asthecountdowntothe2022BeijingWinterOlympicscontinues,thenewhigh-speedrailwayline____36____(connect)thecapitalwithOlympichostcityZhangjiakouhasjustenteredservice.Itcutsthetraveltimebetweenthetwofromthreehours____37____47minutes.Butthisisn’tjustanotherbullettrain.Thisbeauty,partofChina’sFuxingseries,canrunupto350kilometersperhourwithoutadriver,____38____(say)tobetheworld’sfirstsmarthigh-speedrailway.Sowhatmakesthem“smart”?Well,thecarriages____39____(equip)with5Gsignals,intelligentlightingandsensorstocollectreal-timedataanddetectanyoperationalabnormalities.Meanwhile,eachindividualseathas____40____(it)owntouch-screencontrolpanelandwirelesschargingdocks.Thoughthehigh-speedtrainsontherouteareautonomous,____41____monitoringdriverwillbeonboardatalltimes.Thetrainscan____42____(automatic)start,stopandadjusttothedifferentspeed____43____(limit)betweenstations.Backatthestation,robotsandfacialrecognitiontechnologiescanhelppassengerswithdirections,luggageandpaperlesscheck-ins.Today,Chinaishometotheworld’slargesthigh-speedrailnetwork,andthe____44____(fast)commerciallyoperatingtrain—theShanghaimaglev.AccordingtotheChinaStateRailwayGroup,1,036Fuxingbullettrainshavebeenputintooperationsince2017,_____45_____theseriesfirstlaunched.第三部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)EnglishWorld將開(kāi)展以“EveryPersonIsRemarkable!”為主題的征文活動(dòng)，講述身邊楷模的故事。假如你是該報(bào)主編，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫(xiě)一則英語(yǔ)征稿啟事。內(nèi)容包括：1.征稿的主題和內(nèi)容；2.投稿方式和截止時(shí)間；3.呼吁大家積極參與。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ContributionsWanted_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________EnglishWorld第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文?！癐justwantanormalbirthdayparty,”ApriltoldBaileyastheywalkedhomefromschool.BaileyknewwhatAprilmeant.April’sparentslovedtheenvironment.AndbecauseAprilhappenedtobebornonEarthDay,allherpartieshadanEarthDaytheme.“Rememberwhenyouturnedseven?”saidBailey.“HowcouldIforgettheThrow-OutBlowout?”saidApril.“Wehelpedoutatyourgaragesalesanddonatedthemoneytocharity.Andwhenyouturnedeight...”“ItwasaTreeSpree,”finishedApril.“Weplantedmapl